CN218158319U - Three-dimensional scanning formula anemometry laser radar system - Google Patents
Three-dimensional scanning formula anemometry laser radar system Download PDFInfo
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- CN218158319U CN218158319U CN202221096600.9U CN202221096600U CN218158319U CN 218158319 U CN218158319 U CN 218158319U CN 202221096600 U CN202221096600 U CN 202221096600U CN 218158319 U CN218158319 U CN 218158319U
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Abstract
The utility model belongs to atmospheric environment measures the field, in particular to three-dimensional scanning formula anemometry laser radar system. The laser radar system comprises a transceiving unit, a galvanometer unit, a conversion unit and a calculation unit; the receiving and transmitting unit is used for dividing the laser beam into a local oscillator light source and a detection light beam, transmitting the detection light beam to the atmosphere and receiving an echo signal formed by the detection light beam and the atmosphere; the galvanometer unit is used for changing the emission direction of the detection light beam of the transceiver unit; the conversion unit is used for modulating the echo signal after mixing with the local oscillator light source and converting the optical signal after mixing with the echo signal and the local oscillator light source into an electric signal; and the calculating unit is used for calculating power spectrum information through the electric signal and extracting wind field information from the power spectrum. Through the utility model discloses can realize the three-dimensional measurement in atmosphere wind field.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to atmospheric environment measures the field, in particular to three-dimensional scanning formula anemometry laser radar system.
Background
The real-time measurement of the atmospheric wind field information is an important component of atmospheric environment monitoring, not only influences the daily life of people, but also plays an important role in the aspects of environment monitoring, aviation meteorological safety, atmospheric theory research, weather early warning, wind power plant performance evaluation and the like. Particularly in the meteorological field, the detection of the atmospheric wind field has important influence on the researches on seasonal weather change, an atmospheric circulation system, numerical weather forecast and the like, and important reference can be provided for the meteorological researches by researching the distribution characteristics of the atmospheric wind field.
Wind field measuring equipment in China comprises a microwave wind measuring radar, a wind profile radar, a Doppler acoustic radar and the like. The microwave wind-measuring radar basically does not generate microwave signals for small-sized particles, atmospheric molecules and the like, and has better performance only in a rainy environment. Under the condition of clear sky, the signal-to-noise ratio of the system is too low, so that the system is easily interfered by environmental noise, the detection precision is influenced, and the miniaturization is difficult to realize. The detection range of the Doppler sodar is limited, the action distance is short, and the detection range is limited in the aspect of long-distance detection. The light beams of some domestic coherent wind-finding radars are transmitted to the wedge mirror through the telescope and then are transmitted to the atmosphere, and only the measurement of an upwind field in a certain direction and range can be realized, but the three-dimensional measurement of the atmospheric wind field cannot be realized.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of the above problems, the utility model discloses a three-dimensional scanning formula anemometry lidar system, lidar system includes receiving and dispatching unit, galvanometer unit, conversion unit and computational element;
the receiving and transmitting unit is used for dividing the laser beam into a local oscillator light source and a detection light beam, transmitting the detection light beam to the atmosphere and receiving an echo signal formed by the detection light beam and the atmosphere;
the galvanometer unit is used for changing the emission direction of the detection light beam of the transceiving unit;
the conversion unit is used for modulating the echo signal after mixing with the local oscillator light source and converting the optical signal after mixing with the echo signal and the local oscillator light source into an electric signal;
and the calculating unit is used for calculating power spectrum information through the electric signal and extracting wind field information from the power spectrum.
Further, the transceiver unit comprises a seed source, a first optical coupler, a circulator and a telescope;
the seed source is used for generating a laser beam;
the first optical coupler is used for splitting the laser beam;
the telescope is used for transmitting laser beams and receiving laser beams;
the circulator is used for isolating the transmitted laser beam and the received laser beam.
Further, the transceiver unit further comprises an acousto-optic modulator and an optical fiber amplifier;
the input end of the acousto-optic modulator is connected with the output end of the first optical coupler, the output end of the acousto-optic modulator is connected with the input end of the optical fiber amplifier, and the output end of the optical fiber amplifier is connected with the telescope after passing through the circulator.
Further, the conversion unit includes a second optical coupler and a photoelectric balance detector,
the second optical coupler is used for carrying out coherent beat frequency on an echo signal generated after the second optical coupler acts on the atmosphere and the local oscillator light source;
and the photoelectric balance detector is used for converting the optical signal processed by the second optical coupler into an electric signal.
Furthermore, the computing unit comprises a data acquisition processing card and a computing module,
the data acquisition processing card is used for acquiring an electric signal, converting the electric signal into a discrete digital signal, performing Fourier transform processing on the discrete digital signal, and performing modular squaring on a Fourier transform result to obtain power spectrum information of the signal;
and the calculation module is used for extracting corresponding wind field information from the power spectrum of the signal and drawing a corresponding wind field graph.
Further, the mirror unit that shakes includes vertical rotation mechanism, horizontal rotation mechanism and connecting portion, connecting portion and receiving and dispatching unit fixed connection, connecting portion are connected with vertical rotation mechanism and horizontal rotation mechanism in proper order.
Furthermore, the galvanometer unit further comprises a controller, a motor driver, a stepping motor and a worm gear transmission mechanism, wherein the output end of the controller is connected with the input end of the controller, the output end of the controller is connected with the input end of the motor driver, the output end of the motor driver is connected with the input end of the stepping motor, the output end of the stepping motor is connected with the input end of the worm gear transmission mechanism, and the worm gear transmission mechanism is used for controlling the horizontal rotation mechanism and the vertical rotation mechanism to rotate.
The utility model has the advantages that specifically as follows:
1) The multi-angle omnidirectional measurement can be performed on the laser radar system by changing the vibrating mirror unit, so that the measurement result is more accurate.
2) The receiving and transmitting unit is an integral unit and is controlled by the galvanometer unit, multi-angle measurement is facilitated, the telescope is used as a transmitting end and a receiving end, the emitted laser beams and the received laser beams are isolated through the circulator, and the emitted laser beams can be effectively received.
3) The fiber amplifier can amplify the information of the probe beam without distortion.
4) The galvanometer unit comprises a vertical rotating mechanism and a horizontal rotating mechanism, so that the transceiving unit can rotate in 360 degrees without dead angles.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by the practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 shows a system schematic diagram of a three-dimensional scanning wind lidar system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 shows a system schematic of a three-dimensional scanning wind lidar system according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 shows a system diagram of a galvanometer unit according to the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
The utility model discloses a three-dimensional scanning type wind lidar system, as shown in figure 1, the lidar system comprises a receiving and transmitting unit, a galvanometer unit, a conversion unit and a calculation unit;
the receiving and transmitting unit is used for dividing the laser beam into a local oscillator light source and a detection light beam, transmitting the detection light beam to the atmosphere and receiving an echo signal generated after the detection light beam and the atmosphere act;
the galvanometer unit is used for changing the emission direction of the detection light beam of the transceiving unit;
the conversion unit is used for modulating the echo signal after mixing with the local oscillator light source and converting the optical signal after mixing with the echo signal and the local oscillator light source into an electric signal;
and the calculating unit is used for calculating power spectrum information through the electric signal and extracting wind field information from the power spectrum.
Specifically, the output end of the transceiver unit is connected to the input end of the conversion unit, and the output end of the conversion unit is connected to the input end of the calculation unit. The receiving and transmitting unit divides the laser beam into a local oscillator light source and a detection light beam, and the detection light beam is emitted into the atmosphere. The probe beam generates a backward echo signal after scattering with aerosol particles in the atmosphere. And the receiving and transmitting unit receives the echo signal and transmits the echo signal and the local oscillator light source to the conversion unit together. The conversion unit receives the local oscillation light source and the echo signal, mixes the echo signal and the local oscillation light source, modulates the mixed optical signal, and finally converts the modulated optical signal into an electric signal. And the calculating unit converts the continuous electric signals into discrete digital signals, then performs discrete Fourier transform processing on the digital signals, and obtains power spectrum information by performing modular squaring on a transform result. Furthermore, because the power spectrum signal of the single pulse is too low, in order to accurately extract the wind field frequency, the processing module accumulates the power spectrums of the multiple pulses to obtain the smoothed power spectrum distribution of the wind field. And finally, the calculation unit extracts wind field information from the accumulated power spectrum.
Illustratively, the transceiver unit includes a seed source, a first optical coupler, a circulator, and a telescope; the seed source is used for generating a laser beam; the first optical coupler is used for splitting the laser beam; the telescope is used for transmitting laser beams and receiving the laser beams; the circulator is used for isolating the transmitted laser beam and the received laser beam.
Specifically, the seed source generates a laser beam of a predetermined center wavelength band, which enters the input end of the first optical coupler. When a laser beam passes through the first optical coupler, the first optical coupler divides the laser beam into two same beams of laser, namely a local oscillator light source and a detection light beam. The probe beam enters the first port of the circulator and then passes through the output port to the telescope where it is emitted into the atmosphere. The probe beam interacts with substances such as aerosol in the atmosphere to generate a reverse echo signal. The telescope receives the echo signal and then passes through the second port of the circulator. And second ports of the first optical coupler and the circulator are connected with the conversion unit, and the local oscillator light source and the echo signal are sent to the conversion unit for processing. Specifically, the circulator is also called an isolator, a high-frequency laser signal enters from a first port and can be transmitted to an output port in a unidirectional manner, and after an echo signal is received, the echo signal is sent to the conversion unit through a second port of the circulator.
Further, the transceiver unit further comprises an acousto-optic modulator and an optical fiber amplifier; the input end of the acousto-optic modulator is connected with the output end of the first optical coupler, the output end of the acousto-optic modulator is connected with the input end of the optical fiber amplifier, and the output end of the optical fiber amplifier is connected to the telescope through the circulator.
Specifically, the input end of the acousto-optic modulator is connected with the output end of the seed source, and the acousto-optic modulator performs frequency modulation on the light beam, so that the problem that the radial wind field direction cannot be determined in wind field frequency estimation can be solved. The input end of the acousto-optic modulator is connected with the output end of the first optical coupler, the output end of the acousto-optic modulator is connected with the input end of the optical fiber amplifier, the output end of the optical fiber amplifier is connected to the telescope after passing through the first port of the circulator, and the optical fiber amplifier can amplify the detection light beam without distortion.
Illustratively, as shown in fig. 2, the conversion unit includes a second optical coupler and a photoelectric balance detector,
the second optical coupler is used for carrying out coherent beat frequency on an echo signal generated after the second optical coupler acts on the atmosphere and the local oscillator light source;
and the photoelectric balance detector is used for converting the optical signal processed by the second optical coupler into an electric signal.
Specifically, the input end of the second optical coupler is connected with the output end of the first optical coupler and the second port of the circulator. And the second optical coupler receives the local oscillation light source and the echo signal, and modulates the local oscillation light source and the echo signal after frequency mixing processing. And the output end of the second optical coupler is connected with the input end of the photoelectric balance detector. The second optical coupler transmits the modulated local oscillator light source and the modulated echo signal to the photoelectric balance detector, and the photoelectric balance detector converts the local oscillator light source and the modulated echo signal into electric signals convenient for measurement and transmits the electric signals to the calculation unit for processing.
Illustratively, the computing unit comprises a data acquisition processing card and a computing module,
the data acquisition processing card is used for acquiring an electric signal, converting the electric signal into a discrete digital signal, performing Fourier transform processing on the discrete digital signal, and performing modular squaring on a Fourier transform result to obtain power spectrum information of the signal;
and the calculation module is used for extracting corresponding wind field information from the power spectrum of the signal and drawing a corresponding wind field graph.
The input end of the data acquisition processing card is connected with the output end of the photoelectric balance detector, the data acquisition processing card acquires electric signals at high frequency, converts the electric signals into discrete digital signals, respectively performs Fourier transform on a plurality of groups of digital signals, and obtains power spectrum information of echo signals by performing modular squaring on a change result, and sends the power spectrum information to the calculation module. And the computing module further processes the power spectrum information transmitted by the acquisition and processing card, extracts corresponding wind field information from the power spectrum information, and draws a corresponding wind field graph. Further, as shown in fig. 3, the galvanometer unit includes a vertical rotating mechanism, a horizontal rotating mechanism and a connecting portion, the connecting portion is fixedly connected with the transceiver unit, and the connecting portion is sequentially connected with the vertical rotating mechanism and the horizontal rotating mechanism. Specifically, vertical rotating mechanism and horizontal rotating mechanism interconnect, through connecting portion with receiving and dispatching unit fixed connection, promptly the receiving and dispatching unit can carry out the multi-angle rotation through vertical rotating mechanism and horizontal rotating mechanism, realizes the multi-angle omnidirectional scanning work.
Preferably, the galvanometer unit further includes a controller, a motor driver, a stepping motor and a worm and gear transmission mechanism, an output end of the controller is connected to an input end of the controller, an output end of the controller is connected to an input end of the motor driver, an output end of the motor driver is connected to an input end of the stepping motor, an output end of the stepping motor is connected to an input end of the worm and gear transmission mechanism, and the worm and gear transmission mechanism is used for controlling the horizontal rotation mechanism and the vertical rotation mechanism to rotate. Illustratively, the controller controls the motor driver, and the motor driver generates a trigger signal to the stepping motor, and the stepping motor controls the worm gear transmission mechanism to move, so as to drive the vertical rotating mechanism and the horizontal rotating mechanism. Therefore, the multi-angle rotation of the transmitting and receiving unit is realized, and the three-dimensional scanning measurement of the wind field information is carried out.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A three-dimensional scanning type wind lidar system is characterized in that,
the laser radar system comprises a transceiving unit, a galvanometer unit, a conversion unit and a calculation unit;
the output end of the transceiving unit is connected with the input end of the conversion unit, and the output end of the conversion unit is connected with the input end of the calculation unit;
the receiving and transmitting unit is used for dividing the laser beam into a local oscillator light source and a detection light beam, transmitting the detection light beam to the atmosphere and receiving an echo signal generated after the detection light beam and the atmosphere act;
the galvanometer unit comprises a vertical rotating mechanism, a horizontal rotating mechanism and a connecting part, the connecting part is fixedly connected with the transceiving unit, and the connecting part is sequentially connected with the vertical rotating mechanism and the horizontal rotating mechanism and used for changing the emission direction of the detection light beam of the transceiving unit;
the conversion unit is used for modulating the echo signal after mixing with the local oscillator light source and converting the optical signal after mixing with the echo signal and the local oscillator light source into an electric signal;
and the calculating unit is used for calculating power spectrum information through the electric signal and extracting wind field information from the power spectrum.
2. The three-dimensional scanning wind lidar system according to claim 1,
the transceiver unit comprises a seed source, a first optical coupler, a circulator and a telescope;
the seed source is used for generating a laser beam;
the first optical coupler is used for splitting the laser beam;
the telescope is used for transmitting laser beams and receiving the laser beams;
the circulator is used for isolating the transmitted laser beam and the received laser beam.
3. The three-dimensional scanning lidar system of claim 2,
the receiving and transmitting unit also comprises an acousto-optic modulator and an optical fiber amplifier;
the input end of the acousto-optic modulator is connected with the output end of the first optical coupler, the output end of the acousto-optic modulator is connected with the input end of the optical fiber amplifier, and the output end of the optical fiber amplifier is connected with the telescope after passing through the circulator.
4. The three-dimensional scanning lidar system of claim 1,
the conversion unit comprises a second optical coupler and a photoelectric balance detector,
the second optical coupler is used for performing coherent beat frequency on echo signals generated after the interference with the atmosphere and the local oscillator light source;
and the photoelectric balance detector is used for converting the optical signal processed by the second optical coupler into an electric signal.
5. The three-dimensional scanning lidar system of claim 1,
the computing unit comprises a data acquisition processing card and a computing module,
the data acquisition processing card is used for acquiring an electric signal, converting the electric signal into a discrete digital signal, performing Fourier transform processing on the discrete digital signal, and performing modular squaring on a Fourier transform result to obtain power spectrum information of the signal;
and the calculation module is used for extracting corresponding wind field information from the power spectrum of the signal and drawing a corresponding wind field graph.
6. The three-dimensional scanning wind lidar system according to claim 1,
the galvanometer unit further comprises a controller, a motor driver, a stepping motor and a worm gear transmission mechanism, wherein the output end of the controller is connected with the input end of the controller, the output end of the controller is connected with the input end of the motor driver, the output end of the motor driver is connected with the input end of the stepping motor, the output end of the stepping motor is connected with the input end of the worm gear transmission mechanism, and the worm gear transmission mechanism is used for controlling the horizontal rotating mechanism and the vertical rotating mechanism to rotate.
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| CN202221096600.9U CN218158319U (en) | 2022-05-09 | 2022-05-09 | Three-dimensional scanning formula anemometry laser radar system |
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