CN112764056B - Composite detection laser wind measuring radar with high-low altitude remote detection capability - Google Patents
Composite detection laser wind measuring radar with high-low altitude remote detection capability Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/88—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S17/95—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications for meteorological use
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/481—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/483—Details of pulse systems
- G01S7/484—Transmitters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/483—Details of pulse systems
- G01S7/486—Receivers
- G01S7/4868—Controlling received signal intensity or exposure of sensor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/483—Details of pulse systems
- G01S7/486—Receivers
- G01S7/487—Extracting wanted echo signals, e.g. pulse detection
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Abstract
The invention provides a composite detection laser wind finding radar with high-low altitude remote detection capability, which comprises a laser emission subsystem, a telescope transceiving subsystem, an optical processing subsystem, an integrated control data processing subsystem, an air conditioner temperature control subsystem, a rotation servo subsystem and an angle/position sensing subsystem. The optical processing subsystem consists of a coherent detection optical system and a direct detection optical system. The invention mainly solves the problem of the high-low altitude remote detection of the laser wind-measuring radar, innovatively combines a direct detection system and a coherent detection system, reduces the volume of the laser radar by sharing a receiving telescope, and realizes precision advantage complementation of the direct detection system and the coherent detection system at high altitude and low altitude wind-measuring positions respectively, thereby solving the problem of the detection precision of the laser wind-measuring radar at the high altitude and being capable of obtaining the troposphere and stratosphere wind field profiles within the height range of 0-60 km with high resolution.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of measurement and testing, in particular to a composite detection laser wind-measuring radar with high-low altitude remote detection capability.
Background
The traditional wind field detection means mainly comprise radio/GPS (global positioning system) sounding, mechanical wind measurement, sensor wind measurement and microwave wind measurement, but are limited by technical systems, and have great differences from actual requirements on detection precision, detection distance, space-time resolution and application modes. The laser wind measuring technology has the advantages of high time-space resolution, high measuring precision, long detection distance, high data acquisition rate, low manual maintenance cost and strong environmental adaptability.
Wind lidar can be classified into direct detection lidar and coherent detection lidar, depending on the detection method. Coherent detection mainly utilizes aerosol scattering, so the method is mainly used for wind field measurement of medium and low troposphere, has the advantages of no influence of daytime background light, capability of detecting all day time, higher speed measurement precision, lower requirement on laser energy and the like, and is more widely applied.
Traditional wind field measurement laser radar all adopts one of direct survey or coherent detection technical means to survey, and like this although radar system constitutes comparatively simply, direct survey and coherent detection means are because the detection system is different, cause two kinds of means respectively to have the advantage and the disadvantage: direct probing has anemometry accuracy advantages at altitudes above 5km, while coherent probing has anemometry advantages at altitudes below 5 km. The direct detection and the coherent detection form precision advantage complementation at high-altitude and low-altitude wind measurement positions respectively, so that the vector wind field measurement precision is improved, and the measurement height range is enlarged.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of high-low altitude remote detection distance requirement and detection precision, and provides a composite detection laser wind-finding radar with high-low altitude remote detection capability, which innovatively combines a direct detection system and a coherent detection system together, reduces the volume of the laser radar through a shared telescope system, forms precision advantage complementation at high-altitude wind-finding positions and low-altitude wind-finding positions respectively through direct detection and coherent detection, improves the measurement precision of a vector wind field, enlarges the measurement height range, can complete 0-60 km full-height wind field detection, fills the blank in wind field measurement in the high-low altitude remote range in China, and meets the high-precision measurement requirement on three-dimensional wind fields of a stratosphere and a stratosphere.
The invention provides a composite detection laser wind finding radar with high-low altitude long-distance detection capability, which comprises a laser emission subsystem, a telescope transceiving subsystem arranged at one side of the laser emission subsystem, an optical processing subsystem optically connected with the telescope transceiving subsystem, and a comprehensive control and data processing subsystem electrically connected with the laser emission subsystem and the optical processing subsystem;
the laser emission subsystem is used for generating a direct detection light source and a coherent detection light source and outputting the direct detection light source and the coherent detection light source to the telescope transceiving subsystem, the telescope transceiving subsystem is used for receiving the direct detection light source and the coherent detection light source and sending the direct detection light source and the coherent detection light source to the atmosphere, the telescope transceiving subsystem is used for receiving the coherent detection echo signal generated by the interaction of the coherent detection light source and the atmosphere and coupling the coherent detection echo signal into the optical fiber to output the coherent detection echo signal to the optical processing subsystem, the optical processing subsystem is used for receiving the direct detection echo signal and converting the direct detection echo signal into a direct detection electric signal to output the direct detection electric signal to the integrated control and data processing subsystem, and the optical processing subsystem is used for receiving the coherent detection echo signal and converting the coherent beat frequency of the coherent detection echo signal and seed light output by the laser emission subsystem into a beat frequency electric signal to output to the integrated control and data processing subsystem The comprehensive control and data processing subsystem is used for receiving the beat frequency electric signal, converting the beat frequency electric signal into a beat frequency digital signal and outputting the beat frequency digital signal to the data processing center;
the direct detection echo signal is an echo signal with wind speed Doppler frequency shift generated by scattering of high-altitude atmospheric molecules and aerosol when a direct detection light source enters the atmosphere; the coherent detection echo signal is an echo signal which is generated by the coherent detection light source and atmospheric aerosol through the generation of the millimeter scattering and has Doppler frequency shift information caused by wind speed.
The invention relates to a composite detection laser wind finding radar with high-low altitude remote detection capability, wherein as an optimal mode, a laser emission subsystem comprises a first single-frequency pulse laser for generating a direct detection light source and a second single-frequency pulse laser for generating a coherent detection light source;
the direct detection light source is 355nm laser, and the coherent detection light source is 1.55 μm laser.
The invention relates to a composite detection laser wind finding radar with high-low altitude remote detection capability, which is characterized in that as an optimal mode, a telescope transceiving subsystem comprises a beam expander, a telescope, a dichroic plate, a first optical fiber coupler and a second optical fiber coupler, wherein the beam expander is used for expanding a direct detection light source and sending the expanded beam to atmosphere, the telescope is used for sending a coherent detection light source to atmosphere and receiving a direct detection echo signal and a coherent detection echo signal, the dichroic plate is used for splitting the direct detection echo signal, the first optical fiber coupler is used for coupling the direct detection echo signal output by the dichroic plate into an optical fiber and outputting the optical fiber to an optical processing subsystem, and the second optical fiber coupler is used for coupling the coherent detection echo signal into the optical fiber and outputting the optical fiber to the optical processing subsystem;
the first single-frequency pulse laser is connected with the beam expander in an optical mode, and the second single-frequency pulse laser is connected with the telescope in an optical mode.
The invention relates to a composite detection laser wind finding radar with high-low altitude remote detection capability, which is characterized in that as an optimal mode, a beam expander is a 355nm beam expander, a telescope is an off-axis double-reflection telescope, dichroic sheets are two dichroic sheets which are sequentially arranged, and a beat frequency electric signal contains wind speed frequency shift information.
The invention relates to a composite detection laser wind-measuring radar with high-low altitude remote detection capability, wherein as an optimal mode, an optical processing subsystem comprises a direct detection optical system optically connected with a first optical fiber coupler and a coherent detection optical system optically connected with a second single-frequency pulse laser, and the direct detection optical system and the coherent detection optical system are electrically connected with a comprehensive control and data processing subsystem;
the direct detection optical system is used for converting a direct detection echo signal output by the first optical fiber coupler into a direct detection electric signal and outputting the direct detection electric signal to the comprehensive control and data processing subsystem, and the coherent detection optical system is used for performing coherent beat frequency conversion on the coherent detection echo signal and seed light output by the laser emission subsystem into a beat frequency electric signal and outputting the beat frequency electric signal to the comprehensive control and data processing subsystem.
The invention relates to a composite detection laser wind finding radar with high-low altitude remote detection capability, which is characterized in that as an optimal mode, a direct detection optical system comprises a frequency discriminator system and a detector, wherein the frequency discriminator system is electrically connected and used for polarization compensation filtering, and the detector is used for converting a direct detection echo signal into a direct detection electric signal to be output;
the frequency discriminator system comprises a polarization beam splitter prism, an 1/4 wave plate combination and an FP etalon which are sequentially arranged, wherein the FP etalon is electrically connected with the integrated control and data processing subsystem.
The invention relates to a composite detection laser wind measuring radar with high-low altitude remote detection capability, which is an optimal mode, wherein a coherent detection optical system comprises a third optical fiber coupler and a balance detector which are electrically connected, a second single-frequency pulse laser comprises a circulator, one end of the circulator is electrically connected with the second optical fiber coupler, the other end of the circulator is electrically connected with the third optical fiber coupler, and the balance detector is connected with a comprehensive control and data processing subsystem;
the circulator is used for outputting seed light to the third optical fiber coupler under the control of the comprehensive control and data processing subsystem, the third optical fiber coupler is used for receiving coherent detection echo signals and the seed light and then generating beat frequency optical signals to be output to the balance detector, the balance detector is used for receiving the beat frequency optical signals, removing direct current parts and then converting the beat frequency optical signals into beat frequency electric signals to be output to the comprehensive control and data processing subsystem, and the beat frequency electric signals are intermediate frequency beat frequency electric signals.
The composite detection laser wind finding radar with high-low altitude remote detection capability, as a preferred mode, is characterized in that the third optical fiber coupler is a 2 x 2 optical fiber coupler, the FP etalon comprises a first signal light channel and a second signal light channel, and the FP etalon is used for projecting signal light reflected by the first signal light channel to the second signal light channel.
The invention relates to a composite detection laser wind finding radar with high-low altitude remote detection capability, wherein as an optimal mode, a comprehensive control and data processing subsystem comprises a comprehensive management unit and a signal acquisition and processing unit;
the comprehensive management unit is used for supplying power to the laser emission subsystem and the optical processing subsystem and controlling the on-off state, and the comprehensive management unit is used for acquiring system state data and transmitting the system state data to the data processing center;
the signal acquisition and processing unit is used for receiving the direct detection electric signal and the beat frequency electric signal, processing the direct detection electric signal and the beat frequency electric signal into a direct detection digital signal with wind speed frequency shift information and transmitting the direct detection digital signal and the beat frequency digital signal to the data processing center.
The invention relates to a composite detection laser wind-measuring radar with high-low altitude remote detection capability, which is used as a preferred mode, and further comprises a rotation servo subsystem, an air-conditioning temperature control subsystem, an angle/position sensing subsystem and a damping/stabilizing system, wherein the rotation servo subsystem is electrically connected with a comprehensive control and data processing subsystem, the damping/stabilizing system is arranged around the composite detection laser wind-measuring radar, and the rotation servo subsystem is connected with a laser emission subsystem;
the rotation servo subsystem is used for controlling the laser emission subsystem to rotate, the air-conditioning temperature control subsystem is used for measuring and adjusting the temperature of the laser wind-measuring radar in real time, the angle/position sensing subsystem is used for monitoring the azimuth attitude and the position information of the laser wind-measuring radar, and the damping/stabilizing system is used for damping the composite detection laser wind-measuring radar;
the comprehensive control and data processing subsystem is used for supplying power to the rotation servo subsystem, the air conditioner temperature control subsystem and the angle/position sensing subsystem and controlling the on-off state;
the integrated control and data processing subsystem transmits the direct detection digital signal, the beat frequency digital signal and the system state data of the composite detection laser wind-finding radar to the data processing center through an Ethernet or a special data communication system, the rotation servo subsystem is a turntable system, and the angle/position sensing subsystem comprises a position attitude control system and a GPS positioning system.
In the composite detection laser wind-finding radar with the high-low altitude long-distance detection capability, the rotary servo subsystem is a turntable system and mainly controls the scanning direction of the radar. When the scanning direction of the radar is controlled to be the vertical direction by the rotary table system, the radar detection vector wind field data is 0-60 km full-height wind field data;
in the composite detection laser wind-finding radar with high-low altitude long-distance detection capability, the angle/position sensing subsystem comprises an azimuth attitude control system and a GPS positioning system;
the azimuth attitude control system is used for monitoring the attitude of the wind measuring laser radar system, so that the laser radar system is constantly kept in a stable state to acquire high-precision wind field data; and the GPS positioning system is used for positioning the wind lidar system.
In the composite detection laser wind-finding radar with high-low altitude remote detection capability, the air-conditioning temperature control subsystem is an air-conditioning temperature control system and is mainly used for adjusting the environment where the wind-finding laser radar system is located, so that the wind-finding laser radar system is located in a working range, and the stability of parameters such as output energy and wavelength of the first single-frequency pulse laser and the second single-frequency pulse laser for the system can be effectively ensured.
The invention has the following advantages:
(1) the composite detection laser wind measuring radar with high and low altitude remote detection capability can complete 0-60 km full-height wind field detection, fills the blank in wind field measurement in a high and low altitude remote range in China, and meets the requirement for high-precision measurement of three-dimensional wind fields of a stratosphere and a stratosphere.
(2) Traditional wind field measurement laser radar all adopts one of direct survey or coherent detection technical means to survey, and like this although radar system constitutes comparatively simply, direct survey and coherent detection means are because the detection system is different, cause two kinds of means to have various advantages and disadvantages: direct probing has anemometry accuracy advantages at altitudes above 5km, while coherent probing has anemometry advantages at altitudes below 5 km. In order to meet the requirement of high-precision measurement of a vector wind field of a laser Doppler wind measuring radar within a height range from the near ground to 60km, the invention innovatively combines a direct detection system and a coherent detection system together, reduces the volume of the laser radar by sharing a telescope system, and realizes precision advantage complementation at high-altitude wind measurement positions and low-altitude wind measurement positions by direct detection and coherent detection respectively, thereby improving the measurement precision of the vector wind field and enlarging the measurement height range.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an embodiment 1 of a composite detection laser wind-finding radar with high-low altitude long-distance detection capability;
fig. 2 is a block diagram of an embodiment 2-3 of a composite detection laser wind-measuring radar with high-low altitude remote detection capability.
Reference numerals:
1. a laser emission subsystem; 11. a first single frequency pulsed laser; 12. a second single frequency pulsed laser; 2. a telescope transceiving subsystem; 21. a beam expander; 22. a telescope; 23. a dichroic sheet; 24. a first fiber coupler; 25. a second fiber coupler; 3. an optical processing subsystem; 31. direct detection optics; 32. a coherent detection optical system; 4. a comprehensive control and data processing subsystem; 41. a comprehensive management unit; 42. a signal acquisition and processing unit; 5. rotating the servo subsystem; 6. an air-conditioning temperature control subsystem; 7. an angle/position sensing subsystem; 8. a shock absorbing/stabilizing module.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a composite detection laser wind radar with high-low altitude long-distance detection capability is characterized in that: the device comprises a laser emission subsystem 1, a telescope transceiving subsystem 2 arranged at one side of the laser emission subsystem 1, an optical processing subsystem 3 optically connected with the telescope transceiving subsystem 2, and a comprehensive control and data processing subsystem 4 electrically connected with the laser emission subsystem 1 and the optical processing subsystem 3;
the laser emission subsystem 1 is used for generating a direct detection light source and a coherent detection light source and outputting the direct detection light source and the coherent detection light source to the telescope transceiving subsystem 2, the telescope transceiving subsystem 2 is used for receiving the direct detection echo signal generated by the interaction of the direct detection light source and the atmosphere and transmitting the direct detection echo signal and the coherent detection light source to the atmosphere, the telescope transceiving subsystem 2 is used for receiving the coherent detection echo signal generated by the interaction of the coherent detection light source and the atmosphere and coupling the coherent detection echo signal into the optical fiber and outputting the optical fiber to the optical processing subsystem 3, the optical processing subsystem 3 is used for receiving the direct detection echo signal and converting the direct detection echo signal into a direct detection electric signal and outputting the direct detection electric signal to the integrated control and data processing subsystem 4, and the optical processing subsystem 3 is used for receiving the coherent detection echo signal and converting the coherent beat frequency of the coherent detection echo signal and the seed light output by the laser emission subsystem 1 into a beat frequency electric signal The beat frequency signal is output to the comprehensive control and data processing subsystem 4, the comprehensive control and data processing subsystem 4 is used for receiving the direct detection electric signal, converting the direct detection electric signal into a direct detection digital signal and outputting the direct detection digital signal to the data processing center, and the comprehensive control and data processing subsystem 4 is used for receiving the beat frequency electric signal, converting the beat frequency electric signal into a beat frequency digital signal and outputting the beat frequency digital signal to the data processing center;
the direct detection echo signal is an echo signal with wind speed Doppler frequency shift generated by scattering of high-altitude atmospheric molecules and aerosol when a direct detection light source enters the atmosphere; the coherent detection echo signal is an echo signal which is generated by the coherent detection light source and atmospheric aerosol through the generation of the millimeter scattering and has Doppler frequency shift information caused by wind speed.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 2, a composite detection laser wind radar with high-low altitude long-distance detection capability is characterized in that: the device comprises a laser emission subsystem 1, a telescope transceiving subsystem 2 arranged at one side of the laser emission subsystem 1, an optical processing subsystem 3 optically connected with the telescope transceiving subsystem 2, and a comprehensive control and data processing subsystem 4 electrically connected with the laser emission subsystem 1 and the optical processing subsystem 3;
the laser emission subsystem 1 is used for generating a direct detection light source and a coherent detection light source and outputting the direct detection light source and the coherent detection light source to the telescope transceiving subsystem 2, the telescope transceiving subsystem 2 is used for receiving the direct detection echo signal generated by the interaction of the direct detection light source and the atmosphere and transmitting the direct detection echo signal and the coherent detection light source to the atmosphere, the telescope transceiving subsystem 2 is used for receiving the coherent detection echo signal generated by the interaction of the coherent detection light source and the atmosphere and coupling the coherent detection echo signal into the optical fiber and outputting the optical fiber to the optical processing subsystem 3, the optical processing subsystem 3 is used for receiving the direct detection echo signal and converting the direct detection echo signal into a direct detection electric signal and outputting the direct detection electric signal to the integrated control and data processing subsystem 4, and the optical processing subsystem 3 is used for receiving the coherent detection echo signal and converting the coherent beat frequency of the coherent detection echo signal and the seed light output by the laser emission subsystem 1 into a beat frequency electric signal The beat frequency signal is output to the comprehensive control and data processing subsystem 4, the comprehensive control and data processing subsystem 4 is used for receiving the direct detection electric signal, converting the direct detection electric signal into a direct detection digital signal and outputting the direct detection digital signal to the data processing center, and the comprehensive control and data processing subsystem 4 is used for receiving the beat frequency electric signal, converting the beat frequency electric signal into a beat frequency digital signal and outputting the beat frequency digital signal to the data processing center;
the direct detection echo signal is an echo signal with wind speed Doppler frequency shift generated by scattering of high-altitude atmospheric molecules and aerosol when a direct detection light source enters the atmosphere; the coherent detection echo signal is an echo signal which is generated by the coherent detection light source and atmospheric aerosol through the generation of the meter scattering and has Doppler frequency shift information caused by wind speed;
the laser emission subsystem 1 comprises a first single-frequency pulse laser 11 for generating a direct detection light source and a second single-frequency pulse laser 12 for generating a coherent detection light source;
the telescope transceiving subsystem 2 comprises a beam expander 21 used for expanding the direct detection light source and transmitting the expanded beam to the atmosphere, a telescope 22 used for transmitting the coherent detection light source to the atmosphere and receiving the direct detection echo signal and the coherent detection echo signal, a dichroic plate 23 used for splitting the direct detection echo signal, a first optical fiber coupler 24 used for coupling the direct detection echo signal output by the dichroic plate 23 into an optical fiber and outputting the optical fiber to the optical processing subsystem 3, and a second optical fiber coupler 25 used for coupling the coherent detection echo signal into the optical fiber and outputting the optical fiber to the optical processing subsystem 3;
the first single-frequency pulse laser 11 is optically connected with the beam expander 21, and the second single-frequency pulse laser 12 is optically connected with the telescope 22;
the optical processing subsystem 3 comprises a direct detection optical system 31 optically connected with the first optical fiber coupler 24 and a coherent detection optical system 32 optically connected with the second single-frequency pulse laser 12, and both the direct detection optical system 31 and the coherent detection optical system 32 are electrically connected with the integrated control and data processing subsystem 4;
the direct detection optical system 31 is configured to convert the direct detection echo signal output by the first optical fiber coupler 24 into a direct detection electrical signal and output the direct detection electrical signal to the integrated control and data processing subsystem 4, and the coherent detection optical system 32 is configured to perform coherent beat frequency conversion on the coherent detection echo signal and the seed light output by the laser emission subsystem 1 into a beat frequency electrical signal and output the beat frequency electrical signal to the integrated control and data processing subsystem 4;
the direct detection optical system 31 includes a frequency discriminator system for polarization compensation filtering and a detector for converting the direct detection echo signal into a direct detection electrical signal to be output, which are electrically connected;
the frequency discriminator system comprises a polarization beam splitter prism, an 1/4 wave plate combination and an FP etalon which are sequentially arranged, and the FP etalon is electrically connected with the integrated control and data processing subsystem 4;
the coherent detection optical system 32 comprises a third optical fiber coupler 321 and a balance detector 322 which are electrically connected, the second single-frequency pulse laser 12 comprises a circulator, one end of the circulator is electrically connected with the second optical fiber coupler 25, the other end of the circulator is electrically connected with the third optical fiber coupler 321, and the balance detector 322 is connected with the comprehensive control and data processing subsystem 4;
the circulator is used for outputting seed light to the third optical fiber coupler 321 under the control of the integrated control and data processing subsystem 4, the third optical fiber coupler 321 is used for receiving coherent detection echo signals and seed light and then generating beat light signals to be output to the balance detector 322, the balance detector 322 is used for receiving beat light signals, removing direct current parts and then converting the beat light signals into beat electrical signals to be output to the integrated control and data processing subsystem 4, and the beat electrical signals are intermediate-frequency beat electrical signals;
the integrated control and data processing subsystem 4 comprises an integrated management unit 41 and a signal acquisition and processing unit 42;
the comprehensive management unit 41 is used for supplying power to the laser emission subsystem 1 and the optical processing subsystem 3 and controlling the on-off state, and the comprehensive management unit 41 is used for acquiring system state data and transmitting the system state data to the data processing center;
the signal acquisition and processing unit 42 is configured to receive the direct detection electrical signal and the beat frequency electrical signal, process the direct detection electrical signal and the beat frequency electrical signal into a direct detection digital signal with wind speed frequency shift information, and transmit the direct detection digital signal and the beat frequency digital signal to the data processing center;
the composite detection laser wind-measuring radar also comprises a rotation servo subsystem 5, an air-conditioning temperature control subsystem 6, an angle/position sensing subsystem 7 and a damping/stabilizing system 8 which are electrically connected with the comprehensive control and data processing subsystem 4, wherein the damping/stabilizing system 8 is arranged around the composite detection laser wind-measuring radar, and the rotation servo subsystem 5 is connected with the laser emission subsystem 1;
the rotation servo subsystem 5 is used for controlling the laser emission subsystem 1 to rotate, the air-conditioning temperature control subsystem 6 is used for measuring and adjusting the temperature of the laser wind-measuring radar in real time, the angle/position sensing subsystem 7 is used for monitoring the azimuth attitude and the position information of the laser wind-measuring radar, and the damping/stabilizing system 8 is used for damping the composite detection laser wind-measuring radar;
the integrated control and data processing subsystem 4 is used for supplying power to the rotation servo subsystem 5, the air-conditioning temperature control subsystem 6 and the angle/position sensing subsystem 7 and controlling the on-off state.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 2, a composite detection laser wind-finding radar with high-low altitude long-distance detection capability is characterized in that: the device comprises a laser emission subsystem 1, a telescope transceiving subsystem 2 arranged at one side of the laser emission subsystem 1, an optical processing subsystem 3 optically connected with the telescope transceiving subsystem 2, and a comprehensive control and data processing subsystem 4 electrically connected with the laser emission subsystem 1 and the optical processing subsystem 3;
the laser emission subsystem 1 is used for generating a direct detection light source and a coherent detection light source and outputting the direct detection light source and the coherent detection light source to the telescope transceiving subsystem 2, the telescope transceiving subsystem 2 is used for receiving the direct detection echo signal generated by the interaction of the direct detection light source and the atmosphere and transmitting the direct detection echo signal and the coherent detection light source to the atmosphere, the telescope transceiving subsystem 2 is used for receiving the coherent detection echo signal generated by the interaction of the coherent detection light source and the atmosphere and coupling the coherent detection echo signal into the optical fiber and outputting the optical fiber to the optical processing subsystem 3, the optical processing subsystem 3 is used for receiving the direct detection echo signal and converting the direct detection echo signal into a direct detection electric signal and outputting the direct detection electric signal to the integrated control and data processing subsystem 4, and the optical processing subsystem 3 is used for receiving the coherent detection echo signal and converting the coherent beat frequency of the coherent detection echo signal and the seed light output by the laser emission subsystem 1 into a beat frequency electric signal The beat frequency signal is output to the comprehensive control and data processing subsystem 4, the comprehensive control and data processing subsystem 4 is used for receiving the direct detection electric signal, converting the direct detection electric signal into a direct detection digital signal and outputting the direct detection digital signal to the data processing center, and the comprehensive control and data processing subsystem 4 is used for receiving the beat frequency electric signal, converting the beat frequency electric signal into a beat frequency digital signal and outputting the beat frequency digital signal to the data processing center;
the direct detection echo signal is an echo signal with wind speed Doppler frequency shift generated by scattering of high-altitude atmospheric molecules and aerosol when a direct detection light source enters the atmosphere; the coherent detection echo signal is an echo signal which is generated by the coherent detection light source and atmospheric aerosol through the generation of the meter scattering and has Doppler frequency shift information caused by wind speed;
the laser emission subsystem 1 comprises a first single-frequency pulse laser 11 for generating a direct detection light source and a second single-frequency pulse laser 12 for generating a coherent detection light source;
the direct detection light source is 355nm laser, and the coherent detection light source is 1.55 mu m laser;
the telescope transceiving subsystem 2 comprises a beam expander 21 used for expanding the direct detection light source and transmitting the expanded beam to the atmosphere, a telescope 22 used for transmitting the coherent detection light source to the atmosphere and receiving the direct detection echo signal and the coherent detection echo signal, a dichroic plate 23 used for splitting the direct detection echo signal, a first optical fiber coupler 24 used for coupling the direct detection echo signal output by the dichroic plate 23 into an optical fiber and outputting the optical fiber to the optical processing subsystem 3, and a second optical fiber coupler 25 used for coupling the coherent detection echo signal into the optical fiber and outputting the optical fiber to the optical processing subsystem 3;
the first single-frequency pulse laser 11 is optically connected with the beam expander 21, and the second single-frequency pulse laser 12 is optically connected with the telescope 22;
the beam expander 21 is a 355nm beam expander, the telescope 22 is an off-axis double-reflection telescope, the dichroic film 23 is two dichroic films which are sequentially arranged, and the beat frequency electric signal comprises wind speed frequency shift information;
the optical processing subsystem 3 comprises a direct detection optical system 31 optically connected with the first optical fiber coupler 24 and a coherent detection optical system 32 optically connected with the second single-frequency pulse laser 12, and both the direct detection optical system 31 and the coherent detection optical system 32 are electrically connected with the integrated control and data processing subsystem 4;
the direct detection optical system 31 is configured to convert the direct detection echo signal output by the first optical fiber coupler 24 into a direct detection electrical signal and output the direct detection electrical signal to the integrated control and data processing subsystem 4, and the coherent detection optical system 32 is configured to perform coherent beat frequency conversion on the coherent detection echo signal and the seed light output by the laser emission subsystem 1 into a beat frequency electrical signal and output the beat frequency electrical signal to the integrated control and data processing subsystem 4;
the direct detection optical system 31 includes a frequency discriminator system for polarization compensation filtering and a detector for converting the direct detection echo signal into a direct detection electrical signal to be output, which are electrically connected;
the frequency discriminator system comprises a polarization beam splitter prism, an 1/4 wave plate combination and an FP etalon which are sequentially arranged, and the FP etalon is electrically connected with the integrated control and data processing subsystem 4;
the coherent detection optical system 32 comprises a third optical fiber coupler 321 and a balance detector 322 which are electrically connected, the second single-frequency pulse laser 12 comprises a circulator, one end of the circulator is electrically connected with the second optical fiber coupler 25, the other end of the circulator is electrically connected with the third optical fiber coupler 321, and the balance detector 322 is connected with the comprehensive control and data processing subsystem 4;
the circulator is used for outputting seed light to the third optical fiber coupler 321 under the control of the integrated control and data processing subsystem 4, the third optical fiber coupler 321 is used for receiving coherent detection echo signals and seed light and then generating beat light signals to be output to the balance detector 322, the balance detector 322 is used for receiving beat light signals, removing direct current parts and then converting the beat light signals into beat electrical signals to be output to the integrated control and data processing subsystem 4, and the beat electrical signals are intermediate-frequency beat electrical signals;
the third optical fiber coupler 321 is a 2 × 2 optical fiber coupler, the FP etalon includes a first signal light channel and a second signal light channel, and the FP etalon is configured to project the signal light reflected by the first signal light channel to the second signal light channel;
the integrated control and data processing subsystem 4 comprises an integrated management unit 41 and a signal acquisition and processing unit 42;
the comprehensive management unit 41 is used for supplying power to the laser emission subsystem 1 and the optical processing subsystem 3 and controlling the on-off state, and the comprehensive management unit 41 is used for acquiring system state data and transmitting the system state data to the data processing center;
the signal acquisition and processing unit 42 is configured to receive the direct detection electrical signal and the beat frequency electrical signal, process the direct detection electrical signal and the beat frequency electrical signal into a direct detection digital signal with wind speed frequency shift information, and transmit the direct detection digital signal and the beat frequency digital signal to the data processing center;
the composite detection laser wind-measuring radar also comprises a rotation servo subsystem 5, an air-conditioning temperature control subsystem 6, an angle/position sensing subsystem 7 and a damping/stabilizing system 8 which are electrically connected with the comprehensive control and data processing subsystem 4, wherein the damping/stabilizing system 8 is arranged around the composite detection laser wind-measuring radar, and the rotation servo subsystem 5 is connected with the laser emission subsystem 1;
the rotation servo subsystem 5 is used for controlling the laser emission subsystem 1 to rotate, the air-conditioning temperature control subsystem 6 is used for measuring and adjusting the temperature of the laser wind-measuring radar in real time, the angle/position sensing subsystem 7 is used for monitoring the azimuth attitude and the position information of the laser wind-measuring radar, and the damping/stabilizing system 8 is used for damping the composite detection laser wind-measuring radar;
the comprehensive control and data processing subsystem 4 is used for supplying power to the rotation servo subsystem 5, the air-conditioning temperature control subsystem 6 and the angle/position sensing subsystem 7 and controlling the on-off state;
the integrated control and data processing subsystem 4 transmits the direct detection digital signal, the beat frequency digital signal and the system state data of the composite detection laser wind-finding radar to a data processing center through an Ethernet or a special data communication system, the rotation servo subsystem 5 is a turntable system, and the angle/position sensing subsystem 7 comprises an azimuth attitude control system and a GPS positioning system.
The rotary servo subsystem 5 is a turntable system and mainly controls the scanning direction of the radar. When the scanning direction of the radar is controlled to be the vertical direction by the rotary table system, the radar detection vector wind field data is 0-60 km full-height wind field data;
the air-conditioning temperature control subsystem 6 is an air-conditioning temperature control system and is mainly used for adjusting the environment of the wind-measuring laser radar system to enable the environment to be in a working range, so that the stability of parameters such as output energy and wavelength of the first single-frequency pulse laser and the second single-frequency pulse laser for the system can be effectively guaranteed;
the angle/position sensing subsystem 7 comprises an azimuth attitude control system and a GPS positioning system;
the azimuth attitude control system is used for monitoring the attitude of the wind measuring laser radar system, so that the laser radar system is constantly kept in a stable state to acquire high-precision wind field data; and the GPS positioning system is used for positioning the wind lidar system.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A composite detection laser wind-measuring radar with high-low altitude remote detection capability is characterized in that: the device comprises a laser emission subsystem (1), a telescope transceiving subsystem (2) arranged on one side of the laser emission subsystem (1), an optical processing subsystem (3) optically connected with the telescope transceiving subsystem (2), and a comprehensive control and data processing subsystem (4) electrically connected with the laser emission subsystem (1) and the optical processing subsystem (3);
the laser emission subsystem (1) is used for generating a direct detection light source and a coherent detection light source and outputting the direct detection light source and the coherent detection light source to the telescope transceiving subsystem (2), the telescope transceiving subsystem (2) is used for receiving a direct detection echo signal generated by the interaction between the direct detection light source and the atmosphere and coupling the direct detection echo signal into an optical fiber to output the optical signal to the optical processing subsystem (3), the telescope transceiving subsystem (2) is used for receiving a coherent detection echo signal generated by the interaction between the coherent detection light source and the atmosphere and coupling the coherent detection echo signal into the optical fiber to output the optical processing subsystem (3), the optical processing subsystem (3) is used for receiving the direct detection echo signal and converting the direct detection echo signal into a direct detection electric signal to output the direct detection electric signal to the comprehensive control and data processing subsystem (4), the optical processing subsystem (3) is used for receiving the coherent detection echo signal, carrying out coherent beat frequency conversion on the coherent detection echo signal and seed light output by the laser emission subsystem (1) to obtain a beat frequency electric signal, outputting the beat frequency electric signal to the comprehensive control and data processing subsystem (4), the comprehensive control and data processing subsystem (4) is used for receiving the direct detection electric signal, converting the direct detection electric signal into a direct detection digital signal and outputting the direct detection digital signal to a data processing center, and the comprehensive control and data processing subsystem (4) is used for receiving the beat frequency electric signal, converting the beat frequency electric signal into a beat frequency digital signal and outputting the beat frequency digital signal to the data processing center;
the direct detection echo signal is an echo signal with wind speed Doppler frequency shift generated by scattering of high-altitude atmospheric molecules and aerosol when the direct detection light source enters the atmosphere; the coherent detection echo signal is an echo signal which is generated by the coherent detection light source and atmospheric aerosol through the generation of the meter scattering and has Doppler frequency shift information caused by wind speed.
2. The composite detection laser wind-finding radar with high and low altitude long-distance detection capability according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the laser emission subsystem (1) comprises a first single frequency pulsed laser (11) for generating the direct probing light source and a second single frequency pulsed laser (12) for generating the coherent probing light source;
the direct detection light source is 355nm laser, and the coherent detection light source is 1.55 mu m laser.
3. The composite detection laser wind-finding radar with high and low altitude long-distance detection capability according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the telescope transceiving subsystem (2) comprises a beam expander (21) for expanding the direct detection light source and transmitting the expanded beam to the atmosphere, a telescope (22) for transmitting the coherent detection light source to the atmosphere and receiving the direct detection echo signal and the coherent detection echo signal, a dichroic plate (23) for splitting the direct detection echo signal, a first optical fiber coupler (24) for coupling the direct detection echo signal output by the dichroic plate (23) into an optical fiber and outputting the direct detection echo signal to the optical processing subsystem (3), and a second optical fiber coupler (25) for coupling the coherent detection echo signal into an optical fiber and outputting the coherent detection echo signal to the optical processing subsystem (3);
the first monochromatic pulsed laser (11) is optically connected to the beam expander (21), and the second monochromatic pulsed laser (12) is optically connected to the telescope (22).
4. The composite detection laser wind-finding radar with high-low altitude long-distance detection capability according to claim 3, characterized in that: the beam expander (21) is a 355nm beam expander, the telescope (22) is an off-axis double-reflection telescope, the dichroic film (23) is two dichroic films which are sequentially arranged, and the beat frequency electric signal contains wind speed frequency shift information.
5. The composite detection laser wind-finding radar with high and low altitude long-distance detection capability according to claim 3, is characterized in that:
the optical processing subsystem (3) comprises a direct detection optical system (31) optically connected with the first fiber coupler (24) and a coherent detection optical system (32) optically connected with the second single-frequency pulse laser (12), and the direct detection optical system (31) and the coherent detection optical system (32) are both electrically connected with the integrated control and data processing subsystem (4);
the direct detection optical system (31) is configured to convert the direct detection echo signal output by the first fiber coupler (24) into the direct detection electrical signal and output the direct detection electrical signal to the integrated control and data processing subsystem (4), and the coherent detection optical system (32) is configured to perform coherent beat frequency conversion on the coherent detection echo signal and the seed light output by the laser emission subsystem (1) into the beat frequency electrical signal and output the beat frequency electrical signal to the integrated control and data processing subsystem (4).
6. The composite detection laser wind-finding radar with high and low altitude long-distance detection capability according to claim 5, is characterized in that: the direct detection optical system (31) comprises a frequency discriminator system which is electrically connected and used for polarization compensation filtering and a detector which is used for converting the direct detection echo signal into the direct detection electric signal and outputting the direct detection electric signal;
the frequency discriminator system comprises a polarization beam splitter prism, an 1/4 wave plate combination and an FP etalon which are sequentially arranged, wherein the FP etalon is electrically connected with the integrated control and data processing subsystem (4).
7. The composite detection laser wind-finding radar with high and low altitude long-distance detection capability according to claim 6, is characterized in that: the coherent detection optical system (32) comprises a third optical fiber coupler (321) and a balance detector (322) which are electrically connected, the second single-frequency pulse laser (12) comprises a circulator, one end of the circulator is electrically connected with the second optical fiber coupler (25), the other end of the circulator is electrically connected with the third optical fiber coupler (321), and the balance detector (322) is connected with the integrated control and data processing subsystem (4);
the circulator is configured to output the seed light to the third optical fiber coupler (321) under the control of the integrated control and data processing subsystem (4), the third optical fiber coupler (321) is configured to receive the coherent detection echo signal and the seed light, generate a beat frequency optical signal, output the beat frequency optical signal to the balance detector (322), the balance detector (322) is configured to receive the beat frequency optical signal, remove a direct current portion of the beat frequency optical signal, convert the beat frequency optical signal into a beat frequency electrical signal, and output the beat frequency electrical signal to the integrated control and data processing subsystem (4), where the beat frequency electrical signal is an intermediate frequency beat frequency electrical signal.
8. The composite detection laser wind-finding radar with high and low altitude long-distance detection capability according to claim 7, is characterized in that: the third optical fiber coupler (321) is a 2 x 2 optical fiber coupler, the FP etalon includes a first signal light channel and a second signal light channel, and the FP etalon is configured to project the signal light reflected by the first signal light channel to the second signal light channel.
9. The composite detection laser wind-finding radar with high and low altitude long-distance detection capability according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the integrated control and data processing subsystem (4) comprises an integrated management unit (41) and a signal acquisition and processing unit (42);
the comprehensive management unit (41) is used for supplying power to the laser emission subsystem (1) and the optical processing subsystem (3) and controlling the on-off state, and the comprehensive management unit (41) is used for obtaining system state data and transmitting the system state data to the data processing center;
the signal acquisition and processing unit (42) is used for receiving the direct detection electrical signal and the beat frequency electrical signal, processing the direct detection electrical signal and the beat frequency electrical signal into a direct detection digital signal with wind speed frequency shift information and transmitting the direct detection digital signal and the beat frequency digital signal to the data processing center.
10. The composite detection laser wind-finding radar with high-low altitude long-distance detection capability according to claim 9, wherein: the composite detection laser wind-measuring radar also comprises a rotation servo subsystem (5), an air-conditioning temperature control subsystem (6), an angle/position sensing subsystem (7) and a damping/stabilizing system (8) which are electrically connected with the comprehensive control and data processing subsystem (4), wherein the damping/stabilizing system (8) is arranged around the composite detection laser wind-measuring radar, and the rotation servo subsystem (5) is connected with the laser emission subsystem (1);
the rotation servo subsystem (5) is used for controlling the laser emission subsystem (1) to rotate, the air-conditioning temperature control subsystem (6) is used for measuring and adjusting the temperature of the laser wind-measuring radar in real time, the angle/position sensing subsystem (7) is used for monitoring the azimuth attitude and the position information of the laser wind-measuring radar, and the damping/stabilizing system (8) is used for damping the composite detection laser wind-measuring radar;
the integrated control and data processing subsystem (4) is used for supplying power to the rotation servo subsystem (5), the air-conditioning temperature control subsystem (6) and the angle/position sensing subsystem (7) and controlling the on-off state;
the integrated control and data processing subsystem (4) transmits the direct detection digital signal, the beat frequency digital signal and the system state data of the composite detection laser wind-finding radar to the data processing center through an Ethernet or a special data communication system, the rotation servo subsystem (5) is a turntable system, and the angle/position sensing subsystem (7) comprises a position attitude control system and a GPS positioning system.
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