CN110161280B - Hybrid detection Doppler laser radar wind speed measurement system and measurement method thereof - Google Patents
Hybrid detection Doppler laser radar wind speed measurement system and measurement method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110161280B CN110161280B CN201910428836.4A CN201910428836A CN110161280B CN 110161280 B CN110161280 B CN 110161280B CN 201910428836 A CN201910428836 A CN 201910428836A CN 110161280 B CN110161280 B CN 110161280B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P5/00—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft
- G01P5/26—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft by measuring the direct influence of the streaming fluid on the properties of a detecting optical wave
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/88—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S17/95—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications for meteorological use
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/10—Information and communication technologies [ICT] supporting adaptation to climate change, e.g. for weather forecasting or climate simulation
Abstract
A wind speed measuring system and a wind speed measuring method of a hybrid detection Doppler laser radar are disclosed, wherein the laser radar device comprises a dual-wavelength laser with a first wavelength and a second wavelength, a first wavelength direction control module, a first wavelength transmitting and beam expanding telescope module, a second wavelength beam expanding mirror, an optical transceiving switch, a spectrum light splitting module, a transceiving telescope, a relay optical module, an optical filter, a first wavelength polarization beam splitter, an FP frequency discriminator, a first direct detection optical unit, a second direct detection optical unit, a first direct detection receiving detector, a second wavelength receiving and direction control module, a coherent detection optical unit, a coherent detection receiving detector and an upper computer data processor. The invention meets the requirements of special parameters of coherent detection and direct detection light sources, greatly reduces the complexity of the system and greatly improves the simplicity of the light source used by the hybrid detection technology. The device is suitable for ground, airborne and satellite-borne platforms, can realize high-precision and high-resolution atmospheric wind field measurement, and can meet all-weather real-time large-range measurement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of laser radars, and particularly relates to a wind speed measuring system and a wind speed measuring method of a hybrid detection Doppler laser radar. The radar system has the laser with the first wavelength and the laser with the second wavelength, and simultaneously adopts the mixed detection technology of coherent detection technical means and direct detection technical means to detect the wind field, so that the detection capability of the atmospheric wind field is improved, and the radar system provides contributions to meteorological research, environmental monitoring, aviation application and other aspects.
Background
The atmospheric wind field is a very important item in atmospheric parameters, and has very important functions in the aspects of climatological research, numerical weather forecast, environmental monitoring, military aviation application and the like. Especially in wind shear detection, the method has very important significance for improving the flight safety height. The Doppler wind measurement technology can effectively meet the detection requirements of wind speed with high precision and high space-time resolution. The doppler anemometry technology mainly has two detection methods: direct detection methods and coherent detection methods. The direct detection method can utilize the wind speed information carried in the backscattering signals of molecules or aerosol in the atmosphere to invert the wind speed result, has wider detection field, can detect the stratospheric wind field with lower aerosol density, but has only medium wind speed measurement accuracy in low altitude detection. The coherent detection method utilizes the backscattering signal of aerosol particles in the atmosphere, the signal-to-noise ratio of the wind speed inverted by the coherent detection technology is related to the aerosol concentration in the atmosphere, the coherent detection technology has the characteristics of high detection sensitivity, high precision and the like, and is basically not interfered by solar background light, so that the signal-to-noise ratio of the wind speed is superior to the signal-to-noise ratio obtained by a direct detection method in the atmosphere of a troposphere with high aerosol concentration, but the information obtained by direct detection is more reliable in the atmosphere of a stratosphere with less aerosol capacity. The two measurement methods have advantages and disadvantages respectively, but the two methods are commonly used for the same laser radar wind measuring system, namely the laser radar wind measuring system which simultaneously has the advantages of coherence and direct detection and shares the same laser does not exist.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a hybrid detection Doppler laser radar wind speed measurement system and a measurement method thereof, wherein the system fully utilizes the advantages of a direct detection technology and a coherent detection technology, improves the signal-to-noise ratio of wind speed inversion, can simultaneously carry out wind field detection at high altitude and low altitude, simplifies a laser radar transmitting light source, and plays an important role in future satellite-borne platforms. By utilizing the characteristic that the first wavelength used by the direct detection technology is frequency multiplication of the second wavelength, the first wavelength used for direct detection and the second wavelength used for coherent detection are generated in the same laser, and through reasonable design of laser parameters, the requirements of coherent detection and direct detection on special parameters of a light source are met, the complexity of a system is greatly reduced, and the simplicity of the light source used by the hybrid detection technology is greatly improved. The device is applicable to ground, airborne and satellite-borne platforms, can realize high accuracy, high resolution atmospheric wind field and measure, can satisfy the real-time demand of measuring on a large scale all day time simultaneously.
The basic principle of the invention is to utilize the characteristics of high signal-to-noise ratio and high detection precision of a coherent Doppler laser radar wind measurement technology in low-level atmosphere with high aerosol concentration and high detection height of a direct Doppler laser radar wind measurement technology, combine the advantages of two detection systems, fuse the received data of the two radars, and splice to obtain atmospheric wind field profile information with higher signal-to-noise ratio and wide detection range.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows:
a hybrid detection Doppler laser radar wind speed measurement system is characterized by comprising a dual-wavelength laser with a first wavelength and a second wavelength, a first wavelength direction control module, a first wavelength beam expanding and transmitting telescope, a second wavelength beam expanding lens, a second wavelength optical switch, a spectrum splitting module, a transceiving telescope, a relay optical module, an optical filter, a first wavelength polarization beam splitter, a frequency discriminator, a first detection optical unit, a second detection optical unit, a first detection receiving detector, a second wavelength receiving direction control module, a coherent detection optical unit, a coherent detection receiving detector and an upper computer data processor;
the dual-wavelength laser comprises a first wavelength pulse laser output port, a second wavelength pulse laser output port and a second wavelength continuous laser output port, wherein the second wavelength continuous laser provides seed light for the second wavelength pulse laser and local oscillator light for a coherent detection receiving detector, the first wavelength pulse laser output port of the dual-wavelength laser is connected with the input end of a first wavelength beam expanding transmitting telescope through a first wavelength pointing control module, and the first wavelength beam expanding transmitting telescope transmits first wavelength pulse laser to a detection atmosphere space as directly detected laser;
the output port of the second wavelength pulse laser of the dual-wavelength laser is connected with the input end of a receiving and transmitting telescope through a second wavelength beam expander, a second wavelength optical switch and a spectrum splitting module, and the receiving and transmitting telescope transmits the second wavelength pulse laser to the detected atmospheric space as the laser of coherent detection;
a second wavelength continuous laser output port of the dual-wavelength laser is connected with a No. 2 input end of the coherent detection receiving detector to provide local oscillation light for the coherent detection receiving detector;
the receiving-transmitting telescope receives a first wavelength echo signal and a second wavelength echo signal scattered by atmospheric molecules and aerosol and inputs the first wavelength echo signal and the second wavelength echo signal into the spectrum light splitting module, the spectrum light splitting module splits incident echo signal light into a first wavelength echo signal light and a second wavelength echo signal light, the first wavelength echo signal light sequentially passes through the relay optical module and the optical filter and enters the first wavelength polarization beam splitter, the first wavelength polarization beam splitter splits the first wavelength echo signal light into a vertical polarized light and a horizontal polarized light, the vertical polarized light and the horizontal polarized light are respectively input into the first detection optical unit and the second detection optical unit after being subjected to frequency discrimination by the frequency discriminator and then are respectively received by the first direct detection receiving detector and the second direct detection receiving detector, and the output ends of the first direct detection receiving detector and the second direct detection receiving detector are respectively connected with the upper position The No. 1 input end of the machine data processor is connected with the No. 2 input end of the first wavelength direction control module;
and along the light direction of the second wavelength echo signal, sequentially connecting a second wavelength optical switch, a coherent detection pointing control module and a coherent detection optical unit with the 1 st input end of a coherent detection receiving detector, connecting the 2 nd output end of the coherent detection receiving detector with the 2 nd input end of the coherent detection pointing control module, and connecting the 1 st output end of the coherent detection receiving detector with the 2 nd input end of an upper computer data processor.
The dual-wavelength laser simultaneously generates laser with two wavelengths, namely a first wavelength and a second wavelength, wherein the laser with the first wavelength is laser frequency doubling light with the second wavelength.
The measurement method of the wind speed measurement system by using the hybrid detection Doppler laser radar is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) after the atmospheric wind field distributed Doppler laser radar system is started, first wavelength pulse laser output by a first wavelength pulse laser output port of the dual-wavelength laser emits first wavelength pulse laser to a detected atmospheric space through a first wavelength direction control module and a first wavelength beam expanding emission telescope to serve as directly detected laser;
2) the second wavelength pulse laser output by a second wavelength pulse laser output port of the dual-wavelength laser passes through a second wavelength beam expander, a second wavelength optical switch, a spectrum light splitting module and a transceiver telescope, and the transceiver telescope emits the second wavelength pulse laser to a detected atmospheric space to be used as coherent detection laser; a second wavelength continuous laser output port of the dual-wavelength laser is connected with a No. 2 input end of the coherent detection receiving detector to provide local oscillation light for the coherent detection receiving detector;
3) the receiving-transmitting telescope receives a first wavelength echo signal and a second wavelength echo signal scattered by atmospheric molecules and aerosol and inputs the first wavelength echo signal and the second wavelength echo signal into the spectrum light splitting module, the spectrum light splitting module splits incident echo signal light into a first wavelength echo signal light and a second wavelength echo signal light, the first wavelength echo signal light sequentially passes through the relay optical module and the optical filter and enters the first wavelength polarization beam splitter, the first wavelength polarization beam splitter splits the first wavelength echo signal light into a vertical polarized light and a horizontal polarized light, the vertical polarized light and the horizontal polarized light are respectively input into the first detection optical unit and the second detection optical unit after being subjected to frequency discrimination by the frequency discriminator and then are respectively received by the first direct detection receiving detector and the second direct detection receiving detector, and information received by the first direct detection receiving detector and the second direct detection receiving detector is input on one hand The upper computer data processor is used for performing data processing on the upper computer data processor and then performing inversion to obtain direct atmospheric wind field information;
4) the second wavelength echo signal light is sequentially input into the coherent detection receiving detector through the second wavelength optical switch, the coherent detection pointing control module, the coherent detection optical unit and the 1 st input end of the coherent detection receiving detector, and forms coherent detection receiving with the second wavelength continuous laser input from the 2 nd input end of the coherent detection receiving detector, and the coherent detection information is input into the upper computer data processor for data processing and then is inverted into coherent detection atmospheric wind field information;
5) the information received by the first direct detection receiving detector and the second direct detection receiving detector is input into the first wavelength direction control module to adjust the optical axis direction of the first wavelength beam expansion transmitting telescope; and the second wavelength echo signal light received by the coherent detection receiving detector adjusts the optical axis direction of the coherent detection optical unit through a second wavelength direction control module. Therefore, the coaxiality of the direct detection light path and the coherent detection transmitting-receiving light path is ensured;
6) and the upper computer data processor combines the direct atmospheric wind field information and the coherent-detection atmospheric wind field and performs data fusion processing to obtain the atmospheric wind field information with high precision and large measurement range.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the hybrid detection Doppler laser radar wind speed measurement system simultaneously exerts the advantages of a Doppler direct detection laser radar system and a Doppler coherent wind measurement radar system, and improves the signal-to-noise ratio and the detection range of the measurement result through data fusion and data splicing.
2. According to the mixed detection Doppler laser radar wind speed measurement system, the same pulse laser is adopted as the laser light source, the pulse laser with the first wavelength and the pulse laser with the second wavelength are output simultaneously, and the laser meets the requirements of direct detection and coherent detection light sources, so that the complexity of the system is greatly reduced, and the simplicity of the system is improved.
3. The hybrid detection Doppler laser radar wind speed measurement system of the invention shares the same telescope with coherent detection and direct detection, and the coherent detection uses the caliber of the direct detection part, thereby simplifying the scheme of a receiving optical system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the overall structure of a wind speed measurement system of a hybrid detection Doppler laser radar of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following examples and figures, without thereby limiting the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a block diagram of an overall structure of a hybrid detection doppler lidar wind speed measurement system according to the present invention. As can be seen from the figure, the system comprises a dual-wavelength laser 1 with a first wavelength and a second wavelength, a first wavelength direction control module 2, a first wavelength beam expanding and transmitting telescope 3, a second wavelength beam expanding lens 4, a second wavelength optical switch 5, a spectrum light splitting module 6, a transceiving telescope 7, a relay optical module 8, an optical filter 9, a first wavelength polarization beam splitter 10, a frequency discriminator 11, a first detection optical unit 12, a second detection optical unit 13, a first direct detection receiving detector 14, a second direct detection receiving detector 15, a second wavelength receiving direction control module 16, a coherent detection optical unit 17, a coherent detection receiving detector 18 and an upper computer data processor 19;
the dual-wavelength laser 1 comprises a first wavelength pulse laser output port, a second wavelength pulse laser output port and a second wavelength continuous laser output port, the second wavelength continuous laser provides seed light for the second wavelength pulse laser and local oscillator light for the coherent detection receiving detector 18, the first wavelength pulse laser output port of the dual-wavelength laser 1 is connected with the input end of a first wavelength beam expanding transmitting telescope 3 through a first wavelength pointing control module 2, and the first wavelength beam expanding transmitting telescope 3 transmits the first wavelength pulse laser to a detection atmosphere space as directly detected laser;
the output port of the second wavelength pulse laser of the dual-wavelength laser 1 is connected with the input port of a receiving and transmitting telescope 7 through a second wavelength beam expander 4, a second wavelength optical switch 5 and a spectrum light splitting module 6, and the receiving and transmitting telescope 7 emits the second wavelength pulse laser to the detection atmospheric space as the laser of coherent detection;
a second wavelength continuous laser output port of the dual-wavelength laser 1 is connected with a No. 2 input port of the coherent detection receiving detector 18 to provide local oscillation light for the coherent detection receiving detector 18;
the transceiver telescope 7 receives a first wavelength echo signal and a second wavelength echo signal scattered by atmospheric molecules and aerosol and inputs the signals into the spectrum splitting module 6, the spectrum splitting module 6 splits incident echo signal light into a first wavelength echo signal light and a second wavelength echo signal light, the first wavelength echo signal light sequentially passes through the relay optical module 8 and the optical filter 9 and enters the first wavelength polarization beam splitter 10, the first wavelength polarization beam splitter 10 splits the first wavelength echo signal light into a vertical polarized light and a horizontal polarized light, after frequency discrimination by the frequency discriminator 11, the vertical polarized light and the horizontal polarized light are respectively input into the first detection optical unit 12 and the second detection optical unit 13 and then respectively received by the first direct detection receiving detector 14 and the second direct detection receiving detector 15, the output ends of the first direct detection receiving detector 14 and the second direct detection receiving detector 15 are respectively connected with the 1 st input end of the upper computer data processor 19 and the 2 nd input end of the first wavelength direction control module 2;
along the second wavelength echo signal light direction, the second wavelength optical switch 5, the second wavelength receiving direction control module 16 and the coherent detection optical unit 17 are sequentially connected with the 1 st input end of the coherent detection receiving detector 18, the 2 nd output end of the coherent detection receiving detector 18 is connected with the 2 nd input end of the second wavelength receiving direction control module 16, and the 1 st output end of the coherent detection receiving detector 18 is connected with the 2 nd input end of the upper computer data processor 19.
The dual-wavelength laser 1 simultaneously generates laser with two wavelengths, namely a first wavelength and a second wavelength, wherein the laser with the first wavelength is laser frequency doubling light with the second wavelength.
The measurement method of the wind speed measurement system by using the hybrid detection Doppler laser radar comprises the following steps:
1) after the atmospheric wind field distributed Doppler laser radar system is started, first-wavelength pulse laser output by a first-wavelength pulse laser output port of the dual-wavelength laser 1 transmits first-wavelength pulse laser to a detected atmospheric space through the first-wavelength directional control module 2 and the first-wavelength beam-expanding transmitting telescope 3 to serve as directly detected laser;
2) the second wavelength pulse laser output by the second wavelength pulse laser output port of the dual-wavelength laser 1 passes through a second wavelength beam expander 4, a second wavelength optical switch 5, a spectrum light splitting module 6 and a transceiver telescope 7, and the transceiver telescope 7 emits the second wavelength pulse laser to a detected atmospheric space as coherent detection laser; a second wavelength continuous laser output port of the dual-wavelength laser 1 is connected with a No. 2 input port of the coherent detection receiving detector 18 to provide local oscillation light for the coherent detection receiving detector 18;
3) the transceiver telescope 7 receives a first wavelength echo signal and a second wavelength echo signal scattered by atmospheric molecules and aerosol and inputs the signals into the spectrum splitting module 6, the spectrum splitting module 6 splits incident echo signal light into a first wavelength echo signal light and a second wavelength echo signal light, the first wavelength echo signal light sequentially passes through the relay optical module 8 and the optical filter 9 and enters the first wavelength polarization beam splitter 10, the first wavelength polarization beam splitter 10 splits the first wavelength echo signal light into a vertical polarized light and a horizontal polarized light, after frequency discrimination by the frequency discriminator 11, the vertical polarized light and the horizontal polarized light are respectively input into the first detection optical unit 12 and the second detection optical unit 13 and then respectively received by the first direct detection receiving detector 14 and the second direct detection receiving detector 15, the information received by the first direct detection receiving detector 14 and the second direct detection receiving detector 15 is input to the upper computer data processor 19, and is subjected to data processing by the upper computer data processor 19 to be converted into direct atmospheric wind field information;
4) the second wavelength echo signal light sequentially passes through the second wavelength optical switch 5, the coherent detection pointing control module 16, the coherent detection optical unit 17 and the 1 st input end of the coherent detection receiving detector 18 to be input into the coherent detection receiving detector 18, and forms coherent detection receiving with the second wavelength continuous laser input from the 2 nd input end of the coherent detection receiving detector 18, and the coherent detection information is input into the upper computer data processor 19 for data processing and then is inverted into coherent detection atmospheric wind field information;
5) the information received by the first direct detection receiving detector 14 and the second direct detection receiving detector 15 is input into the first wavelength direction control module 2 to adjust the optical axis direction of the first wavelength beam expanding transmitting telescope 3; the second wavelength echo signal light received by the coherent detection receiving detector 18 is adjusted by the second wavelength direction control module 16 to the optical axis direction of the coherent detection optical unit 17. Therefore, the coaxiality of the direct detection light path and the coherent detection transmitting-receiving light path is ensured;
6) the upper computer data processor 19 combines the direct atmospheric wind field information and the coherent-detection atmospheric wind field and performs data fusion processing to obtain the atmospheric wind field information with high precision and large measurement range.
Examples
The first wavelength in the example is 355nm and the second wavelength is 1064nm, wherein the 355nm wavelength is a triple frequency of the 1064nm wavelength.
As shown in fig. 1, the atmospheric wind field distribution doppler lidar system of the present invention mainly includes four parts: the device comprises a laser emission source, a coherent detection transceiving unit, a direct detection receiving unit and a transceiving telescope module. A laser radar device for hybrid detection of atmospheric wind field vertical section based on Doppler wind measurement principle and using direct detection and coherent detection system. It includes the following modules: the device comprises a 355nm and 1064nm dual-wavelength laser module 1, a 355nm pointing control module 2, a 355nm transmitting and expanding telescope module 3, a 1064nm beam expander 4, an optical transceiving switch 5, a spectrum light splitting module 6, a transceiving telescope 7 and a relay optical module 8), an optical filter 9, a 355nm polarization beam splitter 10, a frequency discriminator 11, a first detection optical unit 12, a second detection optical unit 13, a first direct detection receiving detector 14, a second direct detection receiving detector 15, a second wavelength receiving pointing control module 16, a coherent detection optical unit 17, a coherent detection receiving detection module 18 and an upper computer data processor 19.
The positional relationship of the above components is as follows:
the 355nm and 1064nm dual-wavelength laser 1 simultaneously outputs 355nm and 1064nm pulse laser and 1064nm continuous laser, the 1064nm continuous laser provides seed light for the 1064nm pulse laser and local oscillator light for the 1064nm coherent detection receiving detector 18, and the 1064nm pulse laser is incident into the atmosphere as a coherent detection 1064nm pulse laser light source through a 1064nm beam expander 41064nm optical switch 5 and a transceiver telescope 7. The dual-wavelength laser 1 simultaneously outputs 355nm pulse laser, and the 355nm pulse laser is used as a 355nm laser light source for direct detection to be emitted into the atmosphere through the 355nm wavelength pointing control module 2 and the 355nm wavelength beam expanding transmitting telescope 3. 355nm echo signals scattered by atmospheric molecules and 1064nm echo signals scattered by atmospheric aerosol are received by a transceiver telescope 7, after being reflected by a 355nm and 1064nm wavelength spectrum light splitting module 6, 355nm signal light is subjected to light beam transformation through a relay optical module 8, then enters an optical filter 9 and a 355nm polarization beam splitter 10 to be split into two beams of light which are vertically and parallelly polarized, enters a frequency discriminator 11, then is received by a first direct detection receiving detector 14 and a second direct detection receiving detector 15 through a first detection optical unit 12 and a second detection optical unit 13, and finally is subjected to data processing through an upper computer data processor 19 to be converted into atmospheric wind field information measured by a direct detection technology. The 1064nm signal light obtained by the 355nm and 1064nm wavelength spectrum light splitting modules 6 is transmitted through the spectrum light splitting module 6, passes through the second wavelength optical switch 5 and the second wavelength receiving pointing control module 16, is received by the coherent detection receiving detector 18, and is subjected to data processing by the upper computer data processor 19 to invert atmosphere wind field information measured by the coherent detection technology.
And finally, combining and data fusing the information of the atmospheric wind field obtained by direct detection and the information of the atmospheric wind field obtained by coherent detection through an upper computer data processor 19 to obtain the information of the atmospheric wind field with high precision and large measurement range.
The specific flow of the laser radar system based on the atmospheric wind field distribution of the hybrid detection Doppler technology implemented by the invention is as follows:
355nm and 1064nm pulse lasers and 1064nm continuous lasers are simultaneously output by a 355nm and 1064nm dual-wavelength laser, the 355nm pulse laser is transmitted by an independent beam expander, the 1064nm pulse laser is coaxially transmitted and received, the 355nm and 1064nm lasers share a transceiver telescope, Doppler frequency shift is generated by backscattering of the lasers through aerosol and molecules in the atmosphere, the lasers carrying atmospheric wind speed information are received by a receiving telescope 7, the 1064nm and 355nm signals are split by a beam splitter 6, the 1064nm signal light enters a coherent detection unit and is mixed with continuous local oscillator light output by a 355nm/1064nm dual-wavelength laser for coherence, the signals are received by a coherent detection module detector 18, atmospheric aerosol particle backscattering signals of different altitudes are obtained after collection, and then the atmospheric wind field information processed by a coherent detection system is obtained through a data processing algorithm. The other beam of signal light obtained by the light splitting of the spectroscope 6 enters a direct detection receiving unit, is received by a detector after sequentially passing through a relay optical module and a frequency discriminator of a DFP interferometer to obtain 355nm signal light which utilizes atmospheric molecule backscattering, and atmospheric wind field information is calculated through a direct detection system inversion algorithm. The two detection methods have respective advantages, the coherent detection system adopts 1064nm pulse laser to obtain atmospheric aerosol backscattering information, the signal-to-noise ratio is higher, and the direct detection system adopts 355nm pulse laser to obtain atmospheric molecular scattering information, so that the detection range is farther. And finally, splicing and data fusion are carried out on the wind field information obtained by the two detection systems, so that the wind field information with high signal-to-noise ratio and wider detection range is obtained. The system adopts a pointing control system, and the optical axis correction of the optical axes of the direct detection telescope and the coherent detection receiving optical unit and the optical axis of the receiving and transmitting telescope is respectively carried out through the real signal intensity received by the detector, so that the coaxiality of the receiving and transmitting optical paths of the direct detection and the coherent detection is ensured, and the performance reduction caused by the inconsistency of the receiving and transmitting optical axes is reduced.
Claims (2)
1. A wind speed measurement system of hybrid detection Doppler laser radar is characterized in that, the device comprises a dual-wavelength laser (1) with a first wavelength and a second wavelength, a first wavelength direction control module (2), a first wavelength beam expanding and transmitting telescope (3), a second wavelength beam expanding lens (4), a second wavelength optical switch (5), a spectrum light splitting module (6), a transceiving telescope (7), a relay optical module (8), an optical filter (9), a first wavelength polarization beam splitter (10), a frequency discriminator (11), a first detection optical unit (12), a second detection optical unit (13), a first direct detection receiving detector (14), a second direct detection receiving detector (15), a second wavelength receiving direction control module (16), a coherent detection optical unit (17), a coherent detection receiving detector (18) and an upper computer data processor (19);
the dual-wavelength laser (1) comprises a first wavelength pulse laser output port, a second wavelength pulse laser output port and a second wavelength continuous laser output port, the second wavelength continuous laser provides seed light for the second wavelength pulse laser and local oscillator light for a coherent detection receiving detector (18), the first wavelength pulse laser output port of the dual-wavelength laser (1) is connected with the input end of a first wavelength beam expanding transmitting telescope (3) through a first wavelength pointing control module (2), and the first wavelength beam expanding transmitting telescope (3) transmits the first wavelength pulse laser to a detection atmosphere space as directly detected laser;
the output port of the second wavelength pulse laser of the dual-wavelength laser (1) is connected with the input end of a transceiver telescope (7) through a second wavelength beam expander (4), a second wavelength optical switch (5) and a spectrum light splitting module (6), and the transceiver telescope (7) emits the second wavelength pulse laser to a detection atmosphere space as coherent detection laser;
a second wavelength continuous laser output port of the dual-wavelength laser (1) is connected with a No. 2 input port of the coherent detection receiving detector (18) to provide local oscillation light for the coherent detection receiving detector (18);
the transceiver telescope (7) receives a first wavelength echo signal and a second wavelength echo signal scattered by atmospheric molecules and aerosol and inputs the first wavelength echo signal and the second wavelength echo signal into the spectrum light splitting module (6), the spectrum light splitting module (6) splits incident echo signal light into a first wavelength echo signal light and a second wavelength echo signal light, the first wavelength echo signal light sequentially passes through the relay optical module (8) and the optical filter (9) and enters the first wavelength polarization beam splitter (10), the first wavelength polarization beam splitter (10) splits the first wavelength echo signal light into a vertical polarized light and a horizontal polarized light, the vertical polarized light and the horizontal polarized light are respectively input into the first detection optical unit (12) and the second detection optical unit (13) after being subjected to frequency discrimination by the frequency discriminator (11), and then are respectively received by the first direct detection receiving detector (14) and the second direct detection receiving detector (15), the output ends of the first direct detection receiving detector (14) and the second direct detection receiving detector (15) are respectively connected with the 1 st input end of the upper computer data processor (19) and the 2 nd input end of the first wavelength direction control module (2);
along the light direction of the second wavelength echo signal, the second wavelength optical switch (5), the second wavelength receiving direction control module (16) and the coherent detection optical unit (17) are sequentially connected with the 1 st input end of the coherent detection receiving detector (18), the 2 nd output end of the coherent detection receiving detector (18) is connected with the 2 nd input end of the second wavelength receiving direction control module (16), and the 1 st output end of the coherent detection receiving detector (18) is connected with the 2 nd input end of the upper computer data processor (19);
the dual-wavelength laser (1) simultaneously generates laser with two wavelengths, namely a first wavelength and a second wavelength, wherein the laser with the first wavelength is laser frequency doubling light with the second wavelength.
2. A method of measurement using a hybrid probe doppler lidar anemometry system of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
1) after the atmospheric wind field distributed Doppler laser radar system is started, first wavelength pulse laser output by a first wavelength pulse laser output port of the dual-wavelength laser (1) transmits first wavelength pulse laser to a detection atmospheric space through a first wavelength direction control module (2) and a first wavelength beam expansion transmitting telescope (3) to serve as directly detected laser;
2) second wavelength pulse laser output by a second wavelength pulse laser output port of the dual-wavelength laser (1) passes through a second wavelength beam expander (4), a second wavelength optical switch (5), a spectrum light splitting module (6) and a transceiver telescope (7), and the transceiver telescope (7) emits the second wavelength pulse laser to a detection atmospheric space to be used as coherent detection laser; a second wavelength continuous laser output port of the dual-wavelength laser (1) is connected with a No. 2 input port of the coherent detection receiving detector (18) to provide local oscillation light for the coherent detection receiving detector (18);
3) the transceiver telescope (7) receives a first wavelength echo signal and a second wavelength echo signal scattered by atmospheric molecules and aerosol and inputs the first wavelength echo signal and the second wavelength echo signal into the spectrum light splitting module (6), the spectrum light splitting module (6) splits incident echo signal light into a first wavelength echo signal light and a second wavelength echo signal light, the first wavelength echo signal light sequentially passes through the relay optical module (8) and the optical filter (9) and enters the first wavelength polarization beam splitter (10), the first wavelength polarization beam splitter (10) splits the first wavelength echo signal light into a vertical polarized light and a horizontal polarized light, the vertical polarized light and the horizontal polarized light are respectively input into the first detection optical unit (12) and the second detection optical unit (13) after being subjected to frequency discrimination by the frequency discriminator (11), and then are respectively received by the first direct detection receiving detector (14) and the second direct detection receiving detector (15), the information received by the first direct detection receiving detector (14) and the second direct detection receiving detector (15) is input into the upper computer data processor (19) on one hand, and is subjected to data processing by the upper computer data processor (19) to be converted into direct atmospheric wind field information;
4) the second wavelength echo signal light is sequentially input into the coherent detection receiving detector (18) through a second wavelength optical switch (5), a second wavelength receiving direction control module (16), a coherent detection optical unit (17) and a 1 st input end of the coherent detection receiving detector (18), and forms coherent detection receiving with second wavelength continuous laser input from a 2 nd input end of the coherent detection receiving detector (18), and the coherent detection information is input into an upper computer data processor (19) for data processing and then is inverted into coherent detection atmospheric wind field information;
5) the information received by the first direct detection receiving detector (14) and the second direct detection receiving detector (15) is input into the first wavelength direction control module (2) to adjust the optical axis direction of the first wavelength beam expansion transmitting telescope (3); the second wavelength echo signal light received by the coherent detection receiving detector (18) is used for adjusting the optical axis direction of the coherent detection optical unit (17) through a second wavelength direction control module (16), so that the coaxiality of a direct detection optical path and a coherent detection transceiving optical path is ensured;
6) and the upper computer data processor (19) combines the direct atmospheric wind field information and the coherent-detection atmospheric wind field and performs data fusion processing to obtain the atmospheric wind field information with high precision and large measurement range.
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