CN105068087B - The molecular scattering Doppler lidar of Coherent optical path - Google Patents
The molecular scattering Doppler lidar of Coherent optical path Download PDFInfo
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- CN105068087B CN105068087B CN201510595092.7A CN201510595092A CN105068087B CN 105068087 B CN105068087 B CN 105068087B CN 201510595092 A CN201510595092 A CN 201510595092A CN 105068087 B CN105068087 B CN 105068087B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/88—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S17/95—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications for meteorological use
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/10—Information and communication technologies [ICT] supporting adaptation to climate change, e.g. for weather forecasting or climate simulation
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Optical Radar Systems And Details Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of molecular scattering Doppler lidar of Coherent optical path, including：The wave plate of tunable pulsed laser device, first and second fiber optic splitter, beam expander, polarization beam apparatus, λ/4, transmission telescope, plus lens and laser frequency measurement device；Wherein：The wave plate of the tunable pulsed laser device, the first fiber optic splitter, beam expander, polarization beam apparatus, λ/4 and transmission telescope are sequentially connected；The A ports of second fiber optic splitter are connected with the first fiber optic splitter, and B ports are connected through plus lens with polarization beam apparatus, and C-terminal mouth is connected with laser frequency measurement device.Laser radar disclosed by the invention, there is the advantages of low development cost, small volume.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to laser remote sensing, Atmospheric Survey, photodetection field, more particularly to a kind of molecule of Coherent optical path to dissipate
Penetrate Doppler lidar.
Background technology
Doppler anemometry laser radar high accuracy, big investigative range, can provide dimensional wind information with its high-resolution
Ability, the world multiple national concerns and attention are caused, and put into substantial amounts of human and material resources and studied.According to detection
Mode is different, and Doppler anemometry laser radar technology can be divided into coherent technique and incoherent (direct detection) technology
The molecular scattering Doppler lidar of Coherent optical path has the characteristics that cost is low, mobility is strong, high-adaptability,
Suffer from being widely applied in Meteorological Science, business and military aspect, prospect is very wide, and is spaceborne anemometry laser radar
Must through preliminary stage.At present, many countries are all carrying out the research of this respect in the world：
The airborne atmospheric wind coherent measurement sensor (MACAWS) in the U.S.
Airborne atmospheric wind coherent measurement sensor MACAWS (Multi-center AirborneCoherent
Atmospheric Wind Sensor) it is that one kind utilizes airborne pulse Doppler Laser Radar Scanning measurement troposphere and equality of temperature
The measuring system of layer dimensional wind and aerosol scattering.For studying weather and hydrological model, and it is spaceborne how general to future
Strangle anemometry laser radar and carry out Performance Evaluation, and accumulate R＆D experience.The system is by NASA whole world Hydroclimate research center
Atmospheric remote sensing working group, NASA Marshall Space Flight Centers (MSFC), NOAA Environmental Technology laboratory (ETL) and NASA
Jet power laboratory (JPL) joint development development, it is loaded into NASA DC-8 jet planes.The mentality of designing of system and
Instrument and equipment is mostly to be based on original experimental measurement system and vehicle-mounted Doppler lidar Windvan.
The airborne coherent wind laser radar of European Space Agency (ESA) moral method cooperation
The Doppler lidar of moral method cooperative development is used to measure Mesoscale wind field, and the project is also to be simultaneously
The spaceborne anemometry laser radar ALADIN systems of ESA ADM (Atmospheric Dynamic Mission) in the works are made pre-
Grind.The laser radar system uses 10.64um long wavelength lasers, the transmitting of laser and receives in aircraft bottom, can with day
Scanned in the range of 30 degree of base angle angle, measure the dimensional wind below aircraft flight height.
U.S. NOAA relevant HRDL (High Resolution Doppler Lidar) system
By the HRDL systems after repacking installed in DLR Falcon aircrafts on, together with DLR-DIAL steam radar system
System has carried out flight measurement measurement experiment, it is therefore intended that the horizontal and vertical wind fraction of Measured Boundary layer, and measurement steam
Flux profile.The system uses laser of the wavelength for 2.0218um, pulse energy 1.5mJ, and the repetition rate of laser is
200Hz。
As can be seen here, at present, airborne anemometry laser radar is mostly measured using relevant Doppler in the world, but relevant survey
Amount can only measure particulate scattered signal, can not carry out measuring wind speed in the rare upper atmosphere of the aerosols such as stratosphere.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of molecular scattering Doppler lidar of Coherent optical path, has development cost
The advantages of low, small volume.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of molecular scattering Doppler lidar of Coherent optical path, including：Tunable pulsed laser device, first and second
The wave plate of fiber optic splitter, beam expander, polarization beam apparatus, λ/4, transmission telescope, plus lens and laser frequency measurement device；Its
In：
The wave plate of the tunable pulsed laser device, the first fiber optic splitter, beam expander, polarization beam apparatus, λ/4 and transmission are hoped
Remote mirror is sequentially connected；One end of the polarization beam apparatus is also connected with plus lens；The A ports of second fiber optic splitter and the
One fiber optic splitter 2 is connected, and B ports are connected with plus lens, receives the collimated light beam of plus lens convergence, C-terminal mouth and laser
Frequency measuring equipment is connected.
The wavelength of the tunable pulsed laser device transmitting laser includes：355nm、532nm、1064nm.
The laser frequency measurement device includes：
Binary channels Fabry-Perot etalons, photodetector, data collecting card, the high-speed data being sequentially connected are handled
Card and industrial computer.
The score ratio of first fiber optic splitter is 9：1, through first fiber optic splitter by tunable pulsed laser
The laser that device projects is divided into two beams, and wherein stronger a branch of of energy injects beam expander as measuring transmitting laser, and in addition one
Shu Ze is used up as laser frequency measurement and locking, and laser frequency measurement device is injected through the second fiber optic splitter.
Signal receiving/transmission device of the transmission telescope for transmitting-receiving with system, for Laser emission into air, and to be received
To backscatter signal.
As seen from the above technical solution provided by the invention, on the one hand, use tunable pulse optical fiber, arteries and veins
It is wide it is small, environmental suitability is strong, small volume, ensure that measurement accuracy, greatly reduces whole system and taken up space, can be applicable to pair
The higher occasion of volume requirement, it is such as airborne；On the other hand, using the method for direct detection, receive molecular scattering light and do frequency
Analysis, so as to the wind speed of the rare upper atmosphere of measurable aerosol.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, required use in being described below to embodiment
Accompanying drawing be briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, for this
For the those of ordinary skill in field, on the premise of not paying creative work, other can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings
Accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of the molecular scattering Doppler lidar of Coherent optical path provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Figure.
Embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Ground describes, it is clear that described embodiment is only part of the embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on this
The embodiment of invention, the every other implementation that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made
Example, belongs to protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of the molecular scattering Doppler lidar of Coherent optical path provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Figure.As shown in figure 1, it mainly includes：Tunable pulsed laser device 1, first and second fiber optic splitter (2 and 8), beam expander 3,
The wave plate 5 of polarization beam apparatus 4, λ/4, transmission telescope 6, plus lens 7 and laser frequency measurement device 9；Wherein：
The wave plate 5 of the tunable pulsed laser device 1, the first fiber optic splitter 2, beam expander 3, polarization beam apparatus 4, λ/4 and
Transmission telescope 6 is sequentially connected；One end of the polarization beam apparatus 4 is also connected with plus lens 7；Second fiber optic splitter 8
A ports be connected with the first fiber optic splitter 2, B ports are connected with plus lens 7, receive plus lens 7 converge directional light
Beam, C-terminal mouth are connected with laser frequency measurement device 9.
Further, the wavelength of the tunable pulsed laser device transmitting laser includes：355nm、532nm、1064nm.
Further, the laser frequency measurement device includes：The binary channels Fabry-Perot etalons that are sequentially connected,
Photodetector, data collecting card, high-speed data processing card and industrial computer.
Further, the score ratio of first fiber optic splitter 2 is 9：1, will be adjustable through first fiber optic splitter 2
The laser that humorous pulse laser projects is divided into two beams, and wherein stronger a branch of injected as measuring transmitting laser of energy expands
Device 3, it is a branch of in addition, used up as laser frequency measurement and locking, laser frequency measurement dress is injected through the second fiber optic splitter 8
Put 9.
Further, signal receiving/transmission device of the transmission telescope for transmitting-receiving with system, for by Laser emission to air
In, and receive backscatter signal.
In order to make it easy to understand, elaborated below for the course of work and principle of above-mentioned laser radar.
In the present embodiment, the wavelength that tunable pulsed laser device 1 launches laser is 532nm, and its power is 100mW, hot spot
Diameter about 6mm, breadth of spectrum line 10kHZ, laser can be according to the centre wavelength for the instruction regulation transmitting laser that industrial computer is sent.
Shoot laser is divided into two beams after entering the first fiber optic splitter 2, and the score ratio of first fiber optic splitter 2 is
9：1, wherein stronger a branch of be used as of energy launches laser injection beam expander 3, a branch of in addition to be then used as laser frequency measurement and lock
Surely use up, laser frequency measurement device 9 is injected through the second fiber optic splitter 8.
Enter polarization beam apparatus 4 after the beam-expanding collimation of beam expanding lens 3 as measuring transmitting laser；Polarization beam apparatus 4 is vertical
Cube can be divided into random polarization light beam vertical perpendicular and parallel polarised light (P light and S light), S-polarization light beam reflection, with incident beam
Direction at an angle of 90, and P polarization state light beam then can pass through polarization beam apparatus 4.
The linearly polarized light that polarization beam apparatus 4 is emitted reaches the wave plate 5 of λ/4.The wave plate 5 of λ/4 is to use the material with birefringent characteristic
What material made, this material can introduce phase difference between fast, the slow main shaft of wave plate.The wave plate 5 of λ/4 causes between fast axle and slow axis
Quarter-wave phase difference is produced, emergent light is circularly polarized light after the wave plate 5 of λ/4 so as to linearly polarized light.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the transmitting of shoot laser and the reception of back scattering laser use same covering device, transmission
Circular-polarized light emission after the wave plate 5 of λ/4 into air, and is received the backscatter signal of atmospheric molecule by telescope 6.
Transmission telescope 6 is made up of two pieces of completely reflecting mirrors, and collimated laser beam incides convex spherical speculum, is reflected by convex spherical speculum
After incide concave spherical mirror, the laser after concave spherical mirror reflects is into parallel light emergence, and beam diameter expands, laser
The angle of divergence diminishes.
After laser enters air, the backscatter signal of gas molecule is transmitted telescope 6 and received, the laser received
Lens 7, which are accumulated, after the optical transmitting and receiving switch formed through the wave plate 5 of λ/4 and polarization beam apparatus 4 is coupled into the second fiber optic splitter 8
Channel B；Laser after coupling enters measurement apparatus 9 with locking with C-channel of the laser through the second fiber optic splitter 8.
In the embodiment of the present invention, laser frequency measurement device uses binary channels Fabry-Perot etalons, due to laser
The time that shoot laser pulse enters etalon from the laser pulse of atmospheric scattering is different, and transmitting laser enters the time of etalon
To enter the time of etalon earlier than atmospheric backscatter laser, therefore available same detection channels measure the frequency of two kinds of laser
Rate.The difference of both frequencies is Doppler frequency, and computer can obtain air according to the Doppler frequency inverting measured
Wind speed.
However, the frequency of laser transmitting laser can be produced trembling for frequency by the change of environment and laser own temperature
Dynamic and drift, the change of tranmitting frequency can cause error to measurement result, in order to solve this problem, in the embodiment of the present invention
Laser uses tunable pulse laser, and computer is according to the shoot laser frequency values detected and default transmitting laser
The difference of frequency values, to laser controller output control signal, laser adjusts laser according to the control signal received
Launch the frequency of laser, so as to ensure to launch laser frequency stabilization.
In the embodiment of the present invention, laser is launched by laser radar and interacted with Atmospheric components, produces back scattering letter
Number, contain in signal because of Doppler frequency shift caused by wind speed.Signal is by the reception of transmission telescope and the optical filtering of optical filter, warp
Fabry-Perot etalon Doppler's frequency discrimination devices based on unpolarized prismatic decomposition are imported by signal optical fibre.Air returns
After ripple signal enters Doppler frequency detection means, the light intensity of two edge gateways can occur with the size of Doppler frequency shift amount
Change, by signal frequency change transitions into energy variation, received by detector and signal acquiring system, inverting obtains wind speed.Its
Mainly have the following advantages that：
1) tunable pulsed laser device is used, pulsewidth is small, environmental suitability is strong, small volume, ensure that measurement accuracy, significantly
Reduce whole system to be taken up space, can be applicable to the occasion higher to volume requirement, it is such as airborne.
2) method that reception system uses direct detection, receive molecular scattering light and do frequency analysis, so as to which measurable gas is molten
The wind speed of the rare atmosphere upper atmosphere of glue.
3) all fiber end faces are coated with anti-reflection film, reduce the loss of the light of ultraviolet band in a fiber, increase
The transmitance of optical fiber.
4) because laser uses tunable, for etalon then using fixed, testing need not be again to standard after adjustment
Tool is adjusted, and structure is more stable.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention be not limited thereto,
Any one skilled in the art is in the technical scope of present disclosure, the change or replacement that can readily occur in,
It should all be included within the scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be with the protection model of claims
Enclose and be defined.
Claims (5)
- A kind of 1. molecular scattering Doppler lidar of Coherent optical path, it is characterised in that including：Tunable pulsed laser device, The wave plate of first and second fiber optic splitter, beam expander, polarization beam apparatus, λ/4, transmission telescope, plus lens and laser frequency Measurement apparatus；Wherein：The wave plate of the tunable pulsed laser device, the first fiber optic splitter, beam expander, polarization beam apparatus, λ/4 and transmission telescope It is sequentially connected；One end of the polarization beam apparatus is also connected with plus lens；The A ports of second fiber optic splitter and the first light Fine beam splitter is connected, and B ports are connected with plus lens, receives the collimated light beam of plus lens convergence, and C-terminal mouth is surveyed with laser frequency Amount device is connected；Contain in backscatter signal because of Doppler frequency shift caused by wind speed, the binary channels into laser frequency measurement device After Fabry-Perot etalons, the light intensity of two edge gateways can change with the size of Doppler frequency shift amount, by signal Frequency change transitions are received, inverting obtains wind speed into energy variation by detector and signal acquiring system.
- 2. the molecular scattering Doppler lidar of a kind of Coherent optical path according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described The wavelength of tunable pulsed laser device transmitting laser includes：355nm、532nm、1064nm.
- 3. the molecular scattering Doppler lidar of a kind of Coherent optical path according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described Laser frequency measurement device includes：The binary channels Fabry-Perot etalons that are sequentially connected, photodetector, data collecting card, high-speed data processing card and Industrial computer.
- 4. the molecular scattering Doppler lidar of a kind of Coherent optical path according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described The score ratio of first fiber optic splitter is 9：1, the laser for projecting tunable pulsed laser device through first fiber optic splitter It is divided into two beams, the wherein stronger measuring transmitting laser of a branch of conduct of energy injects beam expander, a branch of in addition to be then used as laser Frequency measurement and locking are used up, and laser frequency measurement device is injected through the second fiber optic splitter.
- 5. the molecular scattering Doppler lidar of a kind of Coherent optical path according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described Transmit telescope for transmitting-receiving with system signal receiving/transmission device, for by Laser emission into air, and receive back scattering letter Number.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105785341A (en) * | 2016-05-03 | 2016-07-20 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Novel dual-channel laser radar receiving system for enhancing echo dynamic range |
| CN106646426B (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2019-04-26 | 中国科学技术大学 | A kind of full optical fiber laser radar of multiple illuminators and single receiver telescope array |
| CN107153194B (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2023-05-23 | 深圳市速腾聚创科技有限公司 | Multi-line laser radar and multi-line laser radar control method |
| CN108303706B (en) * | 2018-03-12 | 2023-10-31 | 南京信息工程大学 | Aerosol optical parameter detection method and hyperspectral laser radar detection system |
| CN110187358B (en) * | 2019-06-14 | 2024-01-09 | 中国科学技术大学 | Polarization noise isolation system of receiving and transmitting coaxial laser radar |
| CN110456383B (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2021-12-14 | 中国科学技术大学 | Molecular scattering coherent laser radar system |
| CN111398993B (en) * | 2020-05-20 | 2023-03-14 | 青岛镭测创芯科技有限公司 | Non-blind area pulse coherent wind lidar system |
| CN114706099B (en) * | 2022-06-07 | 2022-11-22 | 成都凯天电子股份有限公司 | Laser wind finding radar optical module and measuring method thereof |
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| US5121124A (en) * | 1991-05-01 | 1992-06-09 | Thermo Electron Technologies Corp. | Microwave camera |
| US5164784A (en) * | 1992-01-17 | 1992-11-17 | The Boeing Company | CW doppler lidar |
| CN100543493C (en) * | 2006-04-18 | 2009-09-23 | 中国科学院安徽光学精密机械研究所 | Structure and detection method thereof based on the Doppler anemometry laser radar of F-P etalon |
| CN102004255B (en) * | 2010-09-17 | 2012-07-04 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Chirp amplitude laser infrared radar distance-Doppler zero-difference detection system |
| CN102623880B (en) * | 2012-03-16 | 2014-03-26 | 中国科学技术大学 | Device for locking laser frequency of seed light based on seed injection type laser |
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