CN218102695U - Power supply switching circuit and vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a power switching circuit and a vehicle, the power switching circuit includes: the system comprises a first switch module, a second switch module, a first logic control module, a second logic control module and a third logic control module; the first logic control module is used for controlling the connection and disconnection of the first switch module, the second logic control module is used for controlling the connection and disconnection of the second switch module, and the third logic control module disables the second logic control module when the first logic control module controls the connection of the first switch module. The power switching circuit of the present disclosure can support both hardware control and signal control of an external control unit. When the hardware controls the standby power supply to supply power to the load, the power supply of the whole vehicle system power supply to the load can be closed, and the current is prevented from flowing backwards.

Description

Power supply switching circuit and vehicle

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a new energy automobile technical field especially relates to a power supply switching circuit and vehicle.

Background

At present, new energy automobiles are more and more widely used, automobiles are more and more intelligent, automobile machines are gradually evolved into a controller framework, a T-BOX (vehicle-mounted intelligent terminal) is integrated in the automobile machines and is configured with a standby battery, when a fault occurs to cause the power failure of a storage battery of the whole automobile, the storage battery can be switched to the standby battery for supplying power, and the whole automobile information such as fault state, position information and the like during the fault is reported to a background server.

One of the existing standby power switching schemes is to control switching through software, and usually detect an ADC (Analog-to-digital converter) or interrupt through an MCU (micro controller Unit), and determine whether the standby power needs to be switched, so that there is a certain time delay, which may cause system power failure. The other scheme is that the switching is performed through hardware control and an internal hard-wire switch directly, and the flexibility is low.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to solve the technical problem, the present disclosure provides a power switching circuit and a vehicle.

The present disclosure provides a power switching circuit, including: the system comprises a first switch module, a second switch module, a first logic control module, a second logic control module and a third logic control module;

the first switch module is connected between the standby power supply and the load in series; the second switch module is connected between the power supply of the whole vehicle system and the load in series;

the first switch module is also electrically connected with the first logic control module and the third logic control module respectively; the second logic control module is electrically connected with the second switch module and the third logic control module respectively;

the first logic control module is also electrically connected with a whole vehicle storage battery; the first logic control module comprises a first signal input end for receiving a first control signal of the control unit; the second logic control module comprises a second signal input end for receiving a second control signal of the control unit;

the first logic control module is used for controlling the on and off of the first switch module according to the potential of the whole vehicle storage battery and/or the first control signal, and the third logic control module disables the second logic control module when the first logic control module controls the on of the first switch module; the second logic control module is used for controlling the second switch module to be switched on and off according to a second control signal.

Optionally, the first switch module includes a first transistor and a second transistor;

a first electrode of the first transistor is electrically connected with the standby power supply; a second pole of the first transistor is electrically connected to a first pole of the second transistor; a second pole of the second transistor is electrically connected to the load;

and the control end of the first transistor and the control end of the second transistor are electrically connected with the output end of the first logic control module.

Optionally, the second switch module includes a third transistor and a fourth transistor;

the first pole of the fourth transistor is electrically connected with the whole vehicle system power supply; a second pole of the fourth transistor is electrically connected to a first pole of the third transistor, and a second pole of the third transistor is electrically connected to the load;

and the control end of the third transistor and the control end of the fourth transistor are electrically connected with the output end of the second logic control module.

Optionally, the first logic control module includes a hardware control unit and a software control unit;

the input end of the hardware control unit is electrically connected with the whole vehicle storage battery;

the input end of the software control unit is used as a first signal input end of the first logic control module and used for receiving a first control signal of the control unit;

the output end of the hardware control unit is electrically connected with the output end of the software control unit to serve as the output end of the first logic control module to be electrically connected with the first switch module.

Optionally, the hardware control unit includes a fifth transistor, and a control end of the fifth transistor is electrically connected to the entire vehicle storage battery; a first pole of the fifth transistor is electrically connected with the first switch module; a second pole of the fifth transistor is grounded.

Optionally, the hardware control unit further includes a diode, an anode of the diode is electrically connected to a control end of the fifth transistor, and a cathode of the diode is electrically connected to the vehicle battery.

Optionally, the software control unit includes a sixth transistor, and a control terminal of the sixth transistor is configured to receive the first control signal of the control unit; a first pole of the sixth transistor is electrically connected with the first switch module; a second pole of the sixth transistor is grounded.

Optionally, the second logic control module includes a seventh transistor, and a control end of the seventh transistor is configured to receive a second control signal of the control unit; a first pole of the seventh transistor is electrically connected with the second switch module; a second pole of the seventh transistor is grounded.

Optionally, the third logic control module includes an eighth transistor and a ninth transistor;

a control terminal of the eighth transistor is electrically connected to the first pole of the ninth transistor; a first electrode of the eighth transistor is electrically connected to the second signal input terminal of the second logic control module, a second electrode of the eighth transistor is grounded, a second electrode of the ninth transistor is grounded, a control terminal of the ninth transistor is electrically connected to the control terminal of the first switch module, and a control terminal of the eighth transistor is electrically connected to the second electrode of the first transistor.

The present disclosure also provides a vehicle including the power switching circuit of any one of the above.

Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the disclosure has the following advantages:

according to the power switching circuit, the first logic control module controls the on-off of the first switch module so as to control the on-off of the standby power supply and the load, and the second logic control module controls the on-off of the second switch module so as to control the on-off of the power supply and the load of the whole vehicle system. The first logic control module is connected with the whole vehicle storage battery and can sense the voltage change of the whole vehicle storage battery, so that the first logic control module can control the on or off of the first switch module based on whether the whole vehicle storage battery is powered down or not through an internal circuit structure, and hardware control is realized. In addition, the first logic control module can also receive a first control signal of the control unit, and the second logic control module receives a second control signal of the control unit, so that the on-off of the first switch module and the on-off of the second switch module can be realized in a software control mode. Therefore, the power supply switching circuit can simultaneously support the power supply switching between the hardware control standby battery and the power supply of the whole vehicle system and the software control standby battery, and has the flexibility of power supply switching. In addition, when the first switch module is controlled to be conducted by hardware, the second logic control module is forbidden by the third logic control module, so that the hardware control priority is higher than the software control priority.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure.

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments or technical solutions in the prior art of the present disclosure, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive exercise.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a power switching circuit according to an embodiment of the disclosure;

fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a first switch module according to an embodiment of the disclosure;

fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of a second switch module according to an embodiment of the disclosure;

fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of a first logic module according to an embodiment of the disclosure;

fig. 5 is a circuit diagram of a second logic module according to an embodiment of the disclosure;

fig. 6 is a circuit diagram of a third logic module according to an embodiment of the disclosure;

fig. 7 is a circuit diagram of a specific example of a power switching circuit according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

Detailed Description

In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure may be more clearly understood, aspects of the present disclosure will be further described below. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with each other without conflict.

In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present disclosure, but the present disclosure may be practiced otherwise than as described herein; it is to be understood that the embodiments disclosed in the specification are only a few embodiments of the present disclosure, and not all embodiments.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a power switching circuit according to an embodiment of the disclosure, and as shown in fig. 1, the power switching circuit includes: a first switch module 11, a second switch module 12, a first logic control module 13, a second logic control module 14, and a third logic control module 15.

The first switch module 11 is connected in series between the standby power supply and the load, and the second switch module 12 is connected in series between the power supply and the load of the whole vehicle system. The first switch module 11 is also electrically connected to the first logic control module 13 and the third logic control module 15, respectively.

The second logic control module 14 is electrically connected to the second switch module 12 and the third logic control module 15, respectively. The first logic control module 13 is also electrically connected with a vehicle storage battery. The first logic control module 13 comprises a first signal input terminal for receiving a first control signal of the control unit; the second logic control module 14 comprises a second signal input for receiving a second control signal of the control unit.

The first logic control module 13 is configured to control the on/off of the first switch module 11 according to the potential of the entire vehicle battery and/or the first control signal. When the first logic control module 13 controls the first switch module 11 to be turned on, the third logic control module 15 disables the second logic control module 14. The second logic control module 14 is configured to control the second switch module 12 to turn on and off according to the second control signal.

It should be noted that the power supply of the entire vehicle system is a unit for supplying power to the entire vehicle system, which is adjusted by the entire vehicle storage battery through the conversion circuit, that is, when the entire vehicle storage battery is powered down, the power supply of the entire vehicle system is also in a power-down state.

The following exemplarily presents the circuit implementation principle of the embodiments of the present disclosure:

when the power failure does not occur due to sufficient electric quantity of the finished automobile storage battery, the first logic module 13 controls the first switch module 11 to be switched off after sensing the high level of the finished automobile storage battery, so that the connection between the standby power supply and the load is disconnected.

When the storage battery of the whole vehicle is powered off, the first logic control module 13 controls the first switch module 11 to be switched on after sensing the low level of the storage battery of the whole vehicle, the third logic control module 15 disables the second logic control module 14, the second switch module 12 is switched off, the power supply of the system of the whole vehicle is switched off from the load, and the standby power supply supplies power to the load.

If the first control signal is an active level signal, the first logic control module 13 controls the first switch module 11 to be switched on, so that the standby power supply supplies power to the load; if the second control signal is an active level signal, the second logic control module 14 controls the second switch module 12 to be turned on, so that the power supply of the whole vehicle system supplies power to the load.

The power supply switching circuit provided by the disclosure controls the on-off of the first switch module through the first logic control module so as to control the on-off between the standby power supply and the load, and controls the on-off of the second switch module through the second logic control module so as to control the on-off between the power supply and the load of the whole vehicle system. The first logic control module is connected with a whole vehicle storage battery and can sense the voltage change of the whole vehicle storage battery, so that the first logic control module can control the on or off of the first switch module based on whether the whole vehicle storage battery is powered down or not through an internal circuit structure, and hardware control is realized. And when the hardware controls the first switch module to be conducted, the third logic control module can forbid the second logic control module, the second switch module is switched off, and the connection between the power supply of the whole vehicle system and the load is disconnected. Meanwhile, the first logic control module further comprises a first signal input end which can control the on-off of the first switch module through software, and the second logic control module further comprises a second signal input end which can control the on-off of the second switch module through software. The realization supports hardware control and software control simultaneously. When the first switch module is controlled to be conducted by the hardware, the third logic control module disables the second logic control module, so that the hardware control priority is higher than the software control priority, and the hardware control does not need software correspondence, so that the delay problem of power supply switching can be solved. In addition, the embodiment of the disclosure supports hardware control and software control at the same time through design, and when the hardware control does not work, the power switching circuit can be controlled through software, so that the flexibility of power switching is improved.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 2, the first switching module 11 includes a first transistor M1 and a second transistor M2.

A first pole of the first transistor M1 is electrically connected to the standby power supply, a second pole of the first transistor M1 is electrically connected to a first pole of the second transistor M2, and a second pole of the second transistor M2 is electrically connected to the load. The control end of the first transistor M1 and the control end of the second transistor M2 are electrically connected to the output end of the first logic control module 13 as the control end of the first switch module 11.

In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the switching on or off under the control of the first logic control module can be implemented by using common transistor components, specifically, after the control ends of the first transistor M1 and the second transistor M2 receive the effective level signal output by the first logic control module, the first transistor M1 and the second transistor M2 are switched on, that is, the switching on of the first switch module 11 can be implemented, so that the standby power supply can supply power to the load. Therefore, the circuit provided by the method in real time is simple in structure and low in cost.

Optionally, the first switch module 11 may further include a first resistor R1. A first end of the first resistor R1 is electrically connected to the output end of the first logic control module, and a second end of the first resistor R1 is electrically connected to the second pole of the first transistor M1 and the first pole of the second transistor, respectively. The first resistor R1 may implement voltage division of the circuit in the first switch module 11. The specific resistance of the first resistor R1 may be selected according to the practical application, and the embodiment is not limited herein.

For example, the first transistor M1 and the second transistor M2 may be PMOS transistors. The first pole of the corresponding first transistor M1 is the drain, the second pole of the first transistor M1 is the source, and the control terminal of the first transistor M2 is the gate. The first pole of the second transistor M2 is the drain, the second pole of the first transistor M2 is the source, and the control terminal of the first transistor M2 is the gate. A first end of the first resistor R1 is electrically connected to an output end of the first logic control module 13. A second end of the first resistor R1 is electrically connected to the source of the first transistor M1 and the drain of the second transistor M2, respectively.

When the output end of the first logic control module 13 outputs a high level, the gate voltage of the first transistor M1 and the gate voltage of the second transistor M2 are both higher than the source voltage, and the first transistor M1 and the second transistor M2 are turned off, so that the standby power supply is disconnected from the load. When the output end of the first logic control module 13 outputs a low level, the gate voltage of the first transistor M1 and the gate voltage of the second transistor M2 are lower than the source voltage, and the first transistor M1 and the second transistor M2 are turned on, so that the standby power supplies power to the load through the first transistor M1 and the second transistor M2. In addition, when the first transistor M1 and the second transistor M2 are in an off state, the internal body diode can prevent the voltage from flowing backwards.

For example, in other embodiments, the first transistor M1 and the second transistor M2 may also be NMOS transistors. Correspondingly, when the output end of the first logic control module 13 outputs a high level, the first transistor M1 and the second transistor M2 are turned on, the standby power supply is turned on with the load, and the standby power supply supplies power to the load through the first transistor M1 and the second transistor M2. When the output end of the first logic control module 13 outputs a low level, the first transistor M1 and the second transistor M2 are turned off, and the standby power supply is disconnected from the load. In addition, when the first transistor M1 and the second transistor M2 are in an off state, the internal body diode can prevent the voltage from flowing backwards.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 3, the second switch module 12 includes a third transistor M3 and a fourth transistor M4.

A first pole of the fourth transistor M4 is electrically connected with a power supply of the entire vehicle system, a second pole of the fourth transistor M4 is electrically connected with a first pole of the third transistor M3, and a second pole of the third transistor M3 is electrically connected with a load; a control terminal of the third transistor M3 and a control terminal of the fourth transistor M4 are electrically connected to an output terminal of the second logic control module 14.

In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the on/off under the control of the second logic control module can be realized by using common transistor devices, specifically, after the control ends of the third transistor M3 and the fourth transistor M4 receive the effective level signal, the third transistor M3 and the fourth transistor M4 are turned on, that is, the second switch module 12 can be turned on, so that the power supply of the entire vehicle system can supply power to the load. Therefore, the circuit provided by the method in real time is simple in structure and low in cost.

Optionally, the second switch module 11 further includes a second resistor R2. A first end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the output end of the second logic control module 14, and a second end of the second resistor R2 is electrically connected to the second pole of the fourth transistor M4 and the first pole of the third transistor M3, respectively. The second resistor R2 may implement voltage division of the circuit in the second switch module 12. The specific resistance of the first resistor R2 may be selected according to the practical application, and the embodiment is not limited herein.

For example, the third transistor M3 and the fourth transistor M4 may be PMOS transistors, and in a case that the third transistor M3 and the fourth transistor M4 are PMOS transistors, a first electrode of the third transistor M3 is a source, a second electrode of the third transistor M3 is a drain, a control end of the third transistor M3 is a gate, a first electrode of the fourth transistor M4 is a drain, a second electrode of the fourth transistor M4 is a source, and a control end of the fourth transistor M4 is a gate. The source of the third transistor M3 is connected to the source of the fourth transistor M4, the first end of the second resistor R2 is electrically connected to the source of the third transistor M3, the second end of the second resistor R2 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the second logic control module 14, the drain of the fourth transistor M4 is electrically connected to the vehicle system power supply, the drain of the third transistor M3 is electrically connected to the load, and the gates of the third transistor M3 and the fourth transistor M4 are electrically connected to the output terminal of the second logic control module 14. The conduction principle is the same as that of the previous embodiment, and is not described herein. When the third transistor M3 and the fourth transistor M4 are in the off state, the internal body diode can prevent the voltage from flowing backwards.

In other embodiments, the third transistor M3 and the fourth transistor M4 may also be NMOS transistors. Correspondingly, when the output end of the second logic control module 14 outputs a high level, the third transistor M3 and the fourth transistor M4 are turned on, the power supply of the entire vehicle system is turned on with the load, and the power supply of the entire vehicle system supplies power to the load through the third transistor M3 and the fourth transistor M24. When the output end of the second logic control module 14 outputs a low level, the third transistor M3 and the fourth transistor M4 are turned off, and the power supply of the entire vehicle system is disconnected from the load. In addition, when the third transistor M3 and the fourth transistor M4 are in the off state, the internal body diode can prevent the voltage from flowing backwards.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 4, the first logic control module 13 includes a hardware control unit 131 and a software control unit 132. The input end of the hardware control unit 131 is electrically connected with the entire vehicle storage battery. The input end of the software control unit 132 is used as a first signal input end of the first logic control module 13, and is configured to receive a first control signal of the control unit; the output end of the hardware control unit 131 is electrically connected with the output end of the software control unit 132 as the output end of the first logic control module 13 and electrically connected with the first switch module 11.

The output end of the hardware control unit 131 is electrically connected to the output end of the software control unit 132, and is used as the output end of the first logic control module 13 and electrically connected to the first switch module 11. The input end of the hardware control unit 121 is electrically connected with the entire vehicle storage battery. When the entire vehicle storage battery is powered off, the output end of the hardware control unit 131 can output a level signal (for example, a low level signal) for controlling the conduction of the first switch module according to the potential of the entire vehicle storage battery, and the first switch module is conducted, so that the standby power supply can supply power to the load.

When the power of the storage battery of the whole vehicle is insufficient, the control unit can also output a first control signal to the software control unit 122, so that the software control unit 122 outputs a level signal (for example, a low level signal) for controlling the conduction of the first switch module, and the first switch module is conducted, thereby realizing that the standby power supply can supply power to the load.

Therefore, the first logic control module in the embodiment of the present disclosure may control the standby power supply to supply power to the load through the hardware control unit, and may also control the standby power supply to supply power to the load through the software control unit. When the hardware control unit fails, the standby power supply can be controlled by the software control unit to supply power to the load, and when the software control unit fails, the standby power supply can be controlled by the hardware control unit to supply power to the load, so that redundancy is realized.

In some embodiments, the hardware control unit 131 includes a fifth transistor Q1, a control terminal of the fifth transistor Q1 is electrically connected to the entire vehicle battery, a first pole of the fifth transistor Q1 is electrically connected to the first switch module 11, and a second pole of the fifth transistor Q1 is grounded. When the vehicle battery is powered off, the control end of the fifth transistor Q1 receives a level signal (for example, a low level signal) from the vehicle battery, and the fifth transistor Q1 is turned on, that is, the first switch module 11 is turned on, so that the standby power supply can supply power to the load.

Optionally, the hardware control unit 121 further includes a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, and a fifth resistor R5, a first end of the third resistor R3 is electrically connected to the control end of the fifth transistor Q1, a second end of the third resistor R3 is electrically connected to the first electrode of the fifth transistor Q1, a first end of the fourth resistor R4 is electrically connected to the control end of the fifth transistor Q1, a second end of the fourth resistor R4 is electrically connected to the entire vehicle battery, a first end of the fifth resistor R5 is electrically connected to the second end of the fourth resistor R4, and a second end of the fifth resistor R5 is grounded.

In some embodiments, the hardware control unit 121 further includes a diode D1, an anode of the diode D1 is electrically connected to the control terminal of the fifth transistor Q1, and a cathode of the diode D1 is electrically connected to the entire vehicle battery. Due to the principle that the diode is not conducted in the reverse direction, the diode D1 can prevent the current of the whole vehicle storage battery from flowing back to the hardware control unit 121, and the hardware control unit 121 is protected.

Illustratively, the fifth transistor Q1 may be a PNP type triode, and in the case that the fifth transistor Q1 is a PNP type triode, the control terminal of the fifth transistor Q1 is a base, the first pole of the fifth transistor Q1 is an emitter, and the second pole of the fifth transistor Q1 is a collector. A first end of the resistor R3 is connected to a base of the fifth transistor Q1, a second end of the resistor R3 is connected to an emitter of the fifth transistor Q1, the emitter of the fifth transistor Q1 is electrically connected to the first switch module 11, and a collector of the fifth transistor Q1 is grounded. The first end of the resistor R4 is connected with the base electrode of the fifth transistor Q1, the second end of the resistor R4 is connected with the anode of the diode D1, the cathode of the diode D1 is connected with the whole vehicle storage battery, the first end of the resistor R13 is connected with the cathode of the diode D1, and the second end of the resistor R13 is grounded.

When the whole vehicle storage battery is electrified, the whole vehicle storage battery outputs a high level to the base electrode of the fifth transistor Q1 through the diode D1 and the resistor R4, at the moment, the emitter electrode of the fifth transistor Q1 outputs a high level, the fifth transistor Q1 is cut off, and the first switch module 11 is turned off. When the vehicle storage battery is powered off, the vehicle storage battery outputs a low level to the base of the fifth transistor Q1, the fifth transistor Q1 outputs a low level to the first switch module 11, and the first switch module 11 is turned on. Therefore, hardware control is realized, the response is sensitive, and no time delay exists.

In other embodiments, the fifth transistor Q1 may be an NPN-type transistor, and may be matched with other logic devices to control the first switch module 11 to be turned on when the battery of the entire vehicle is powered off.

In some embodiments, the software control unit 132 includes a sixth transistor Q2, a control terminal of the sixth transistor Q2 is configured to receive the first control signal MCU _ CTL1 of the control unit, a first pole of the sixth transistor Q2 is electrically connected to the first switch module 11, and a second pole of the sixth transistor Q2 is grounded. The control unit may send a first control signal MCU _ CTL1 (e.g., a high level signal) to the control end of the sixth transistor Q2, control the first pole of the sixth transistor Q2 to output an effective level signal, and further control the first switch module 11 to be turned on, so that the standby power supply supplies power to the load.

Optionally, the software control unit 132 further includes a sixth resistor R6 and a seventh resistor R7. A first end of the sixth resistor R6 is electrically connected to the control end of the sixth transistor Q2, a second end of the sixth resistor R6 is electrically connected to the second electrode of the sixth transistor Q2, a first end of the seventh resistor R7 is electrically connected to the control end of the sixth transistor Q2, and a second end of the seventh resistor R7 is electrically connected to the first control pin of the control unit.

For example, the sixth transistor Q2 may be an NPN type transistor, and in the case that the sixth transistor Q2 is an NPN type transistor, the control terminal of the sixth transistor Q2 is a base, the first pole of the sixth transistor Q2 is a collector, and the second pole of the sixth transistor Q2 is an emitter. The base electrode of the sixth transistor Q2 is connected with the first end of the resistor R6, the emitter electrode of the sixth transistor Q3 is grounded, the first end of the resistor R7 is connected with the base electrode of the sixth transistor Q3, the second end of the resistor R6 is connected with the emitter electrode of the sixth transistor Q2, and the second end of the resistor R7 is connected with the first control pin of the control unit. The control principle is as follows, when the control unit needs the software control unit 132 to control the standby power supply to supply power to the load, the output first control signal is at a high level, at this time, the collector of the sixth transistor Q2 outputs a low level to the first switch module 11, the first switch module 11 is turned on, and the standby power supply supplies power to the load, otherwise, the output first control signal is at a low level, which is not described herein.

In other embodiments, the sixth transistor Q2 may be a PNP type triode, and when the output first control signal is at a low level, the collector of the sixth transistor Q2 outputs a low level to the first switch module 11, and the first switch module 11 is turned on, otherwise, the first switch module 11 is turned off.

In combination with the above embodiment, the control unit may detect the entire vehicle storage battery, and when the entire vehicle storage battery is lower than a set threshold or the hardware control unit fails, the software control unit outputs a low level to the first switch module to turn on the first switch module, so as to switch the standby power supply to supply power to the load, thereby simultaneously supporting software control and hardware control.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 5, the second logic control module 14 includes a seventh transistor Q3, a control terminal of the seventh transistor Q3 is configured to receive the second control signal MCU _ CTL2 of the control unit, and a first pole of the seventh transistor Q3 is electrically connected to the second switch module 12. The second pole of the seventh transistor Q3 is grounded. The control unit may send a second control signal MCU _ CTL2 (e.g., a low level signal) to the control end of the seventh transistor Q3, control the first pole of the sixth transistor Q3 to output an effective level signal, and further control the second switch module 12 to turn off, so that the power supply of the entire vehicle system is disconnected from the power supply to the load.

Optionally, the second logic control module 14 further includes an eighth resistor R8 and a ninth resistor R9. A first end of the eighth resistor R8 is electrically connected to the control terminal of the seventh transistor Q3, a second end of the eighth resistor R8 is electrically connected to the second control pin of the control unit, a first end of the ninth resistor R9 is electrically connected to the control terminal of the seventh transistor Q3, and a second end of the ninth resistor R9 is electrically connected to the second electrode of the seventh transistor Q3.

Exemplarily, the seventh transistor Q3 may be an NPN type transistor, and in a case where the seventh transistor Q3 is an NPN type transistor, the control terminal of the seventh transistor Q3 is a base, and the first electrode of the seventh transistor Q3 is a collector; the second pole of the seventh transistor Q3 is an emitter. The base of the seventh transistor Q3 is connected to the first end of the resistor R8, the emitter of the seventh transistor Q3 is grounded, the first end of the resistor R9 is connected to the base of the seventh transistor Q3, the second end of the resistor R9 is connected to the emitter of the seventh transistor Q3, and the second end of the resistor R8 is connected to the second control pin of the control unit. When the control unit needs the second logic control module 14 to control the entire vehicle system power supply to supply power to the load, the output second control signal is at a high level, at this time, the collector of the seventh transistor Q3 outputs a low level to the second switch module 12, the second switch module 12 is turned on, the entire vehicle system power supply supplies power to the load, otherwise, the output second control signal is at a low level, and the second switch module 12 is controlled to be turned off, so that the entire vehicle system power supply is turned off to supply power to the load. And the software is used for controlling the on and off of the power supply and the load of the whole vehicle system.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 6, the third logic control module 15 includes an eighth transistor M5 and a ninth transistor M6, a control terminal of the eighth transistor M5 is electrically connected to a first pole of the ninth transistor M6; a first electrode of the eighth transistor M5 is electrically connected to the second signal input end of the second logic control module 15, a second electrode of the eighth transistor M5 is grounded, a second electrode of the ninth transistor M6 is grounded, a control end of the ninth transistor M6 is electrically connected to the control end of the first switch module 11, and a control end of the eighth transistor M5 is electrically connected to the second electrode of the first transistor M1.

Optionally, the third logic control module 31 further includes a tenth resistor R10 and an eleventh resistor R11. A first end of the tenth resistor R10 is electrically connected to the first pole of the ninth transistor M6, and a second end of the tenth resistor R10 is electrically connected to the second pole of the first transistor M1. A first end of the eleventh resistor R11 is electrically connected to the output end of the first logic control module 13, and a second end of the eleventh resistor R11 is electrically connected to the control end of the ninth transistor M6.

Illustratively, the eighth transistor M5 and the ninth transistor M6 may be NMOS transistors. When the eighth transistor M5 and the ninth transistor M6 are NMOS transistors, the control terminal of the eighth transistor M5 is a gate, the first pole of the eighth transistor M5 is a drain, the second pole of the eighth transistor M5 is a source, the control terminal of the ninth transistor M6 is a gate, the first pole of the ninth transistor M6 is a drain, and the second pole of the ninth transistor M6 is a source. Specifically, the gate of the eighth transistor M5 is connected to the drain of the ninth transistor M6, the drain of the eighth transistor M5 is connected to the base of the seventh transistor Q2 in the second logic control module 22, the source of the eighth transistor M5 is grounded, the source of the ninth transistor M6 is connected to the source of the eighth transistor M5, the gate of the ninth transistor M6 is connected to the second end of the eleventh resistor R11, the first end of the eleventh resistor R11 is connected to the output end of the first logic control module 13, and the gate of the eighth transistor M5 is connected to the drain of the first transistor M1.

The control principle is as follows: when the first logic module 13 outputs a low level, the first switch module 11 is turned on, the gate of the ninth transistor M6 receives the low level output by the first switch module 11, the ninth transistor M6 is turned off, the gate of the eighth transistor M5 receives the high level output by the first transistor M1, and then the drain of the eighth transistor M5 outputs a low level to the base of the seventh transistor Q2, at this time, no matter the second signal input terminal outputs a high level or a low level, the output to the base of the seventh transistor Q2 will be a low level, the collector of the seventh transistor Q2 is controlled to output a high level, the second switch module is controlled to be turned off, and the power supply of the entire vehicle system to the load is turned off. Otherwise, the gate of the ninth transistor M6 receives the high level output by the first switch module 11, the ninth transistor M6 is turned on, the drain of the ninth transistor M6 outputs the low level to the gate of the eighth transistor M5, the eighth transistor M5 is turned off and disconnected, and the second signal input terminal controls the second switch module 21 to be turned on or off. Therefore, when the first logic module controls the first switch module to be conducted, the third logic control module disables the second logic control module. Because the hardware control has no ductility, the hardware control module preferentially enables the first logic control module to output low level, so that the second logic control module is forbidden through the third logic control module, the power supply loop of the whole vehicle system is prevented from being forbidden under the condition that the software is not switched timely, and the safety is improved.

Fig. 7 is a circuit diagram of a specific example of a power switching circuit according to an embodiment of the disclosure, in which a first transistor M1, a second transistor M2, a third transistor M3, and a fourth transistor M4 are exemplarily configured to be PMOS, and an eighth transistor M5 and a ninth transistor M6 are exemplarily configured to be NMOS. The fifth transistor Q1 is a PNP type triode, the sixth transistor Q2 is an NPN type triode, and the seventh transistor Q3 is an NPN type triode. The implementation principle of the power switching circuit is described in detail below with reference to the circuit diagram shown in fig. 7:

when the storage battery of the whole vehicle is powered off, the base electrode of the fifth transistor Q1 is at a low level, the fifth transistor Q1 is conducted, the emitter electrode of the fifth transistor Q1 pulls down the grid electrode potentials of the first transistor M1 and the second transistor M2, and the first transistor M1 and the second transistor M2 are conducted. At this time, the gates of the first transistor M1 and the second transistor M2 are at a low level regardless of whether the input first control signal is at a low level or a high level, and thus the input first control signal is not active. Therefore, the standby power supply is conducted with the load, and the standby power supply supplies power to the load. At this time, the gate of the ninth transistor M6 is at a low level, the ninth transistor M6 is turned off, the gate of the eighth transistor M5 is at a high level, the eighth transistor M5 is turned on, and the drain of the eighth transistor M5 pulls the base of the seventh transistor Q3 low, in this case, no matter the input second control signal is at a high level or at a low level, the base of the seventh transistor Q3 is at a low level, the seventh transistor Q3 is turned off, the third transistor M3 and the fourth transistor M4 are turned off, and the power supply and the load of the entire vehicle system are disconnected.

When the power failure of the whole vehicle storage battery is sufficient, the base electrode of the fifth transistor Q1 is at a high level, the fifth transistor Q1 is cut off, the grid electrodes of the first transistor M1 and the second transistor M2 are at a high level, and the first transistor M1 and the second transistor M2 are cut off, so that the standby power supply is disconnected from the load. The gate of the ninth transistor M6 is at a high level, the ninth transistor M6 is turned on to pull down the gate potential of the eighth transistor M5, and the eighth transistor M5 is turned off. At this time, the externally input second control signal is at a high level, the seventh transistor Q3 is turned on, the seventh transistor Q3 pulls down the gates of the third transistor M3 and the fourth transistor M4, the third transistor M3 and the fourth transistor M4 are turned on, the power supply of the entire vehicle system is turned on with the load, and the power supply of the entire vehicle system supplies power to the load.

If the electric quantity of the storage battery of the whole vehicle is too low, the power supply can be controlled to be switched in a software mode. That is, the fifth transistor Q1 is turned off, the first control signal is at a high level, the sixth transistor Q2 is turned on, the gate potentials of the first transistor M1 and the second transistor M2 are pulled low, and the first transistor M1 and the second transistor M2 are turned on. Therefore, the standby power supply is conducted with the load, and the standby power supply supplies power to the load. At this time, the gate of the ninth transistor M6 is at a low level, the ninth transistor M6 is turned off, the gate of the eighth transistor M5 is at a high level, the eighth transistor M5 is turned on, and the drain of the eighth transistor M5 pulls the base of the seventh transistor Q3 low, and in this case, no matter the input second control signal is at a high level or a low level, the base of the seventh transistor Q3 is at a low level, the seventh transistor Q3 is turned off, the third transistor M3 and the fourth transistor M4 are turned off, and the power supply and the load of the entire vehicle system are disconnected.

The first logic control module of the power supply switching circuit provided by the disclosure can sense the voltage change of the whole vehicle storage battery through being connected with the whole vehicle storage battery, so that the first logic control module can control the on or off of the first switch module based on whether the whole vehicle storage battery is powered down or not through an internal circuit structure, and hardware control is realized. And when the hardware controls the first switch module to be conducted, the third logic control module can forbid the second logic control module, the second switch module is switched off, and the connection between the power supply of the whole vehicle system and the load is disconnected. Meanwhile, the first logic control module further comprises a first signal input end which can control the on-off of the first switch module through software, and the second logic control module further comprises a second signal input end which can control the on-off of the second switch module through software. The realization supports hardware control and software control simultaneously. When the first switch module is controlled to be conducted by the hardware, the third logic control module disables the second logic control module, so that the hardware control priority is higher than the software control priority, and the hardware control does not need software correspondence, so that the delay problem of power supply switching can be solved. In addition, the embodiment of the disclosure supports hardware control and software control at the same time through design, and when the hardware control does not work, the power switching circuit can be controlled through software, so that the flexibility of power switching is improved.

The embodiment of the disclosure also provides a vehicle, which comprises the power supply switching circuit in any one of the embodiments.

The advantageous effects of the vehicle of the embodiment of the present disclosure are the same as those of the embodiment described above, please refer to the above.

It is noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second," and the like, may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrases "comprising a," "8230," "8230," or "comprising" does not exclude the presence of additional like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

The foregoing are merely exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, which enable those skilled in the art to understand or practice the present disclosure. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the disclosure. Thus, the present disclosure is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (10)

1. A power switching circuit, comprising:

the system comprises a first switch module, a second switch module, a first logic control module, a second logic control module and a third logic control module;

the first switch module is connected between the standby power supply and the load in series; the second switch module is connected between the power supply of the whole vehicle system and the load in series;

the first switch module is also electrically connected with the first logic control module and the third logic control module respectively; the second logic control module is electrically connected with the second switch module and the third logic control module respectively;

the first logic control module is also electrically connected with a finished automobile storage battery; the first logic control module comprises a first signal input end for receiving a first control signal of the control unit; the second logic control module comprises a second signal input end for receiving a second control signal of the control unit;

the first logic control module is used for controlling the on and off of the first switch module according to the potential of the whole vehicle storage battery and/or the first control signal, and the third logic control module disables the second logic control module when the first logic control module controls the on of the first switch module; the second logic control module is used for controlling the on and off of the second switch module according to a second control signal.

2. The power switching circuit of claim 1, wherein the first switching module comprises a first transistor and a second transistor;

a first pole of the first transistor is electrically connected with the standby power supply; a second pole of the first transistor is electrically connected to a first pole of the second transistor; a second pole of the second transistor is electrically connected to the load;

and the control end of the first transistor and the control end of the second transistor are electrically connected with the output end of the first logic control module.

3. The power switching circuit of claim 1, wherein the second switch module comprises a third transistor and a fourth transistor;

a first pole of the fourth transistor is electrically connected with the whole vehicle system power supply; a second pole of the fourth transistor is electrically connected to the first pole of the third transistor, and a second pole of the third transistor is electrically connected to the load;

and the control end of the third transistor and the control end of the fourth transistor are electrically connected with the output end of the second logic control module.

4. The power switching circuit of claim 1, wherein the first logic control module comprises a hardware control unit and a software control unit;

the input end of the hardware control unit is electrically connected with the whole vehicle storage battery;

the input end of the software control unit is used as a first signal input end of the first logic control module and used for receiving a first control signal of the control unit;

the output end of the hardware control unit is electrically connected with the output end of the software control unit to serve as the output end of the first logic control module to be electrically connected with the first switch module.

5. The power supply switching circuit according to claim 4, wherein the hardware control unit comprises a fifth transistor, and a control end of the fifth transistor is electrically connected with the vehicle storage battery; a first pole of the fifth transistor is electrically connected with the first switch module; a second pole of the fifth transistor is grounded.

6. The power switching circuit according to claim 5, wherein the hardware control unit further comprises a diode, a positive electrode of the diode is electrically connected with a control end of the fifth transistor, and a negative electrode of the diode is electrically connected with the entire vehicle storage battery.

7. The power switching circuit according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the software control unit comprises a sixth transistor, a control terminal of the sixth transistor is used for receiving a first control signal of the control unit; a first pole of the sixth transistor is electrically connected with the first switch module; a second pole of the sixth transistor is grounded.

8. The power switching circuit according to claim 1, wherein the second logic control module comprises a seventh transistor, and a control terminal of the seventh transistor is configured to receive the second control signal of the control unit; a first pole of the seventh transistor is electrically connected with the second switch module; a second pole of the seventh transistor is grounded.

9. The power switching circuit of claim 2, wherein the third logic control module comprises an eighth transistor and a ninth transistor;

a control terminal of the eighth transistor is electrically connected to the first pole of the ninth transistor; a first electrode of the eighth transistor is electrically connected to the second signal input terminal of the second logic control module, a second electrode of the eighth transistor is grounded, a second electrode of the ninth transistor is grounded, a control terminal of the ninth transistor is electrically connected to the control terminal of the first switch module, and a control terminal of the eighth transistor is electrically connected to the second electrode of the first transistor.

10. A vehicle characterized in that it comprises a power supply switching circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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