CN218064896U

CN218064896U - Domestic waste pyrolysis gasification treatment device

Info

Publication number: CN218064896U
Application number: CN202221130234.4U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周振华; 杜小勇
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2022-05-10
Filing date: 2022-05-10
Publication date: 2022-12-16
Anticipated expiration: 2032-05-10

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of domestic waste treatment, a domestic waste pyrolysis gasification treatment device is disclosed, including dry pyrolysis carbonization room, tower rotary furnace and second combustion chamber, the second combustion chamber is located the top of dry pyrolysis carbonization room, be equipped with heat accumulation material in the second combustion chamber, be equipped with the grate in the dry pyrolysis carbonization room or below, the top of the feed end of grate is equipped with feed channel, be equipped with normal close formula blanking fill between the discharge end of grate and the feed inlet of tower rotary furnace, normal close formula blanking fill is opened under the material piling up exert pressure so that the material falls into the tower rotary furnace; the utility model provides a pair of domestic waste pyrolysis gasification treatment device has solved the problem that current refuse handling installation power consumption is high, the running cost is high.

Description

Domestic waste pyrolysis gasification treatment device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a domestic waste handles technical field, concretely relates to domestic waste pyrolysis gasification treatment device.

Background

At present, most of domestic garbage treatment modes adopt a garbage incineration mode, and the essence of incineration is to oxidize organic garbage into inert gaseous substances and inorganic incombustible substances under the conditions of high temperature and sufficient oxygen supply so as to form stable solid residues. Firstly, the garbage is put into an incinerator for combustion, heat energy is released, and then heat recovery can be carried out for heat supply or power generation. The flue gas is discharged after being purified, a small amount of residual residues are discharged, buried or used for other purposes, and heat energy generated by waste incineration can be fully utilized, so that certain economic benefit is generated.

In the existing garbage treatment equipment, heat energy required by the garbage in the processes of drying, pyrolysis and carbonization is provided by heat generated by oxygen combustion of part of the garbage, and in the process, harmful gases of dioxin are generated. In order to fully burn out the dioxin-containing combustible gas generated by pyrolysis and carbonization of the garbage and completely decompose the formed dioxin, the dioxin combustion chamber is arranged at the end of the garbage combustion chamber, so that the full combustion of the combustible gas and the complete decomposition of the dioxin are realized, and then the gas is purified and subjected to heat exchange to realize the gas emission.

However, because the domestic garbage has the characteristics of large moisture and complex components, the existing domestic garbage treatment equipment needs external energy sources in the drying stage of the garbage, needs the external energy sources in the burning stage, and also needs the external energy sources in the full combustion and dioxin poison complete decomposition stage of combustible gas, so that the whole energy consumption is high in the operation process of the equipment, the operation cost of the equipment is high, and the problem of low economic benefit is caused.

In addition, the equipment for performing multi-stage treatment on the garbage has the problems of large volume and high manufacturing cost and land occupation cost, and further the popularization and the application of the technology are influenced.

Therefore, how to design a garbage disposal device which can not only ensure the harmless treatment of garbage, but also reduce the energy consumption and the manufacturing and operating cost so as to be beneficial to popularization and use becomes a problem which is urgently needed to be solved at present.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims at providing a domestic waste pyrolysis gasification treatment device for solve at least one above-mentioned problem that exists among the prior art.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

a household garbage pyrolysis gasification treatment device comprises a drying pyrolysis carbonization chamber, a tower type rotary furnace and a secondary combustion chamber, wherein the secondary combustion chamber is positioned above the drying pyrolysis carbonization chamber, a heat storage material is arranged in the secondary combustion chamber, a grate is arranged in the drying pyrolysis carbonization chamber or below the drying pyrolysis carbonization chamber, a feeding channel is arranged above the feeding end of the grate, a normally-closed blanking hopper is arranged between the discharging end of the grate and the feeding hole of the tower type rotary furnace, and the normally-closed blanking hopper is opened under the action of material accumulation and pressure application so that materials can fall into the tower type rotary furnace;

the dry pyrolysis carbonization chamber is provided with a combustible gas outlet, a high-temperature gas channel extending upwards is arranged between the tower-type rotary furnace and the second combustion chamber, the gas inlet end of the second combustion chamber is a gas mixing area, the gas mixing area is communicated with an oxygen supply channel, and the combustible gas outlet and the high-temperature gas channel are both communicated with the gas mixing area;

the dry pyrolysis carbonization chamber is internally provided with a hot air pipeline which is positioned above the grate, an exhaust port of the secondary combustion chamber is communicated with an air inlet end of the hot air pipeline, and an exhaust end of the hot air pipeline is connected with an external tail gas purification system.

According to the technical scheme, garbage is fed onto a grate through a feeding channel, the garbage enters a drying, pyrolysis and carbonization chamber under the driving of a rotating grate, the temperature of a cavity of the drying, pyrolysis and carbonization chamber can be set to be about 550 ℃, the garbage is dried, pyrolyzed and carbonized, products of the garbage on the grate after drying, pyrolyzing and carbonizing are solid matters such as coke and ash, the solid matters fall into a normally-closed blanking hopper from the tail of the grate, the normally-closed blanking hopper is opened under the action of material accumulation and pressurization so that the materials fall into a tower-type rotary furnace, therefore, the material is continuously conveyed into the normally-closed blanking hopper by the grate and is accumulated to a certain degree, the normally-closed blanking hopper is opened to a certain degree, the materials enter the tower-type rotary furnace and are subjected to oxygen-enriched combustion and gasification with air and water vapor in the tower-type rotary furnace, the temperature in the tower-type rotary furnace is above 850 ℃, and generated high-temperature gasification mixed flue gas at about 850 ℃ enters a secondary combustion chamber from the top of the tower-type rotary furnace through a high-temperature gas channel; meanwhile, in the drying pyrolysis carbonization chamber, the water vapor generated in the drying stage, combustible gases such as carbon monoxide, methane and the like and combustible gases such as tar molecules and the like generated in the pyrolysis stage are sent into a gas mixing area of a secondary combustion chamber from a combustible gas outlet of the drying pyrolysis carbonization chamber; because the gas mixing area is communicated with an oxygen supply channel which conveys heated air to the gas mixing area, the purpose is to supply the area for auxiliary combustion, the high-temperature gasification mixed flue gas at about 850 ℃, the combustible gas generated by the drying pyrolysis carbonization chamber and the heated air are mixed in the secondary combustion chamber for full combustion, thereby realizing the complete decomposition of harmful gases such as dioxin and the like; because the second combustion chamber is internally provided with enough heat storage materials which can be heat storage bricks and other materials with heat storage functions, combustible gas and air can be fully mixed and completely combusted in the combustion process, the heat storage materials can continuously keep the temperature of the second combustion chamber at about 850 ℃, the residence time of smoke is more than 3 seconds, and harmful gas generated in the garbage treatment process is completely and thoroughly decomposed. The high-temperature flue gas burnt out at the tail part of the secondary combustion chamber enters the hot air pipeline, heat is transferred in the drying pyrolysis carbonization chamber through the hot air pipeline, so that the temperature of the drying pyrolysis carbonization chamber is kept about 550 ℃, the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas at the exhaust end of the hot air pipeline is reduced to about 500 ℃, the high-temperature flue gas enters a tail gas purification system to be subjected to gas purification treatment, and the tail gas is ensured to be discharged to meet the environmental protection requirement.

In conclusion, in the design, the high-temperature gasification mixed flue gas at about 850 ℃ is mixed with the combustible gas generated by the drying, pyrolysis and carbonization chamber and the heated air in the secondary combustion chamber for full combustion, so that not only can harmful gases such as dioxin be completely decomposed, but also the heat energy of the secondary combustion chamber is used for heating the drying, pyrolysis and carbonization chamber through the hot air pipeline, so that the temperature of the drying, pyrolysis and carbonization chamber is kept at about 550 ℃, therefore, the temperature of the garbage can completely meet the requirements of drying, pyrolysis and carbonization treatment of the garbage when the garbage enters the drying, pyrolysis and carbonization chamber, and no external heat energy is needed. Because the second combustion chamber is internally provided with enough heat storage materials, the heat storage materials can keep the temperature of the second combustion chamber to be about 850 ℃, the residence time of the flue gas is more than 3 seconds, the harmful gas generated in the garbage treatment process can be completely and thoroughly decomposed, and the functions of the second combustion chamber are also completely realized without the help of external heat energy.

More importantly, the normally closed blanking hopper is opened under the action of material accumulation and pressurization so that materials can fall into the tower type rotary furnace, the grate continuously conveys the materials into the normally closed blanking hopper, only the materials are accumulated to a certain degree, the normally closed blanking hopper can be opened to a certain degree, the materials can enter the tower type rotary furnace, under the normal condition, the normally closed blanking hopper basically realizes the isolation of the drying pyrolysis carbonization chamber and the combustion chamber of the tower type rotary furnace, so that the drying pyrolysis carbonization chamber is kept in a micro-oxygen combustion state, therefore, the drying, pyrolysis and carbonization processes are basically carried out in an approximate anaerobic (micro-oxygen) state, namely, garbage is decomposed at low temperature under the micro-oxygen state, further the control of a dioxin generation environment is realized, the generation amount of dioxin is greatly reduced, the generation amount of dioxin is controlled from the source, the high-temperature decomposition of the dioxin chamber is matched, finally output gas harmful substances are extremely low, and the operation pressure of a subsequent tail gas purification system is also reduced.

In the design, the drying pyrolysis carbonization chamber, the tower type rotary furnace and the secondary combustion chamber are mutually independent and skillfully combined, so that the functions of all chambers can be fully exerted, the heat loss is extremely low, the energy consumption is low, and the garbage treatment efficiency is high. The garbage reduction degree is extremely high, the tail gas treatment is thorough, the national emission standard is met, and the equipment operation cost is low.

In this design, the required heat of drying, pyrolysis, carbonization of rubbish is all the combustible gas that utilizes rubbish pyrolysis gasification to produce and the heat that produces after the coke after the rubbish carbonization burns completely, and cyclic utilization rubbish heat energy need not the outside and provides heat energy, and the energy saving reduces the consumption of natural resources.

This equipment structural design constitutes ingeniously, and existing dry pyrolysis gasification autonomous system, dry pyrolysis carbonization room promptly has the oxygen boosting again to burn autonomous system, tower rotary furnace promptly, and the two can both keep normal work alone under various environment. The device also has the function of carrying out independent pyrolysis gasification incineration disposal on the garbage, and also has the function of carrying out independent incineration disposal on the garbage.

Further, the normally closed blanking hopper comprises a blanking hopper and a normally closed door, the blanking hopper extends downwards towards the interior of the tower type rotary furnace in an inclined mode, the upper end of the normally closed door is hinged above a feed inlet of the tower type rotary furnace, and the normally closed door is obliquely erected on the blanking hopper due to self gravity under the effect of no external force, so that the normally closed blanking hopper is closed.

The upper end of the normally closed door is hinged above the feeding hole of the tower type rotary furnace, so that the normally closed door is obliquely overlapped on the blanking hopper due to the weight of the normally closed door under the action of no external force, the normally closed blanking hopper is closed, when materials fall onto the blanking hopper from the discharging end of the fire grate, the materials are continuously accumulated and exert pressure on the normally closed door, the normally closed door is opened to a certain degree, and the materials quickly fall into the tower type rotary furnace. This design simple structure only piles up the effect through the material and can realize opening the automation of normally closing the door to also avoided the oxygen in the tower rotary furnace to enter into dry pyrolysis carbonization chamber when having guaranteed to the feed in the tower rotary furnace, thereby the realization is handled respectively to little oxygen burning and the oxygen boosting burning of rubbish, in order to reach more environmental protection and energy saving's refuse treatment effect.

Furthermore, be equipped with the movable blowing board that can realize sheltering from to feedstock channel in the feedstock channel, movable blowing board rotates with feedstock channel's inner wall to be connected, be equipped with the elasticity piece that resets that can drive movable blowing board and realize carrying out the shutoff to feedstock channel between movable blowing board and feedstock channel's the inner wall.

Because the feed channel can only be opened at the in-process of blowing to the activity blowing board, consequently, feed channel has better closed effect, and in equipment operation in-process, only less air gets into dry pyrolysis carbonization room, consequently, rubbish carries out the indirect pyrolysis carbonization of few oxygen in dry pyrolysis carbonization room, and furthest's control dioxin generation environment, has reduced the formation of pollutant.

Furthermore, in order to achieve a better feeding state, the gravity of the garbage is fully utilized to drive the movable material placing plate, and the feeding channel is a vertical feeding channel.

Furthermore, in order to better reduce the air inlet amount in the material discharging process, a plurality of movable material discharging plates are arranged in the material feeding channel.

Further, for better feeding, the upper end of the feeding channel is provided with a feed hopper.

Furthermore, in order to realize weighing of the entering garbage amount and facilitate statistics of garbage treatment amount, a weighing sensor is arranged on the movable discharging plate positioned at the top.

Furthermore, in order to adapt to the high-temperature environment in the furnace, the normally closed door is made of high-temperature-resistant metal materials.

Furthermore, in order to be more beneficial to discharge of combustible gas in the dry pyrolysis carbonization chamber, the inner top wall of the dry pyrolysis carbonization chamber is gradually inclined upwards along the feeding direction of the fire grate to form an inclined inner top wall, and the combustible gas discharge port is positioned at the upper end of the inclined inner top wall.

Furthermore, in order to better realize compact structure of the equipment and reduce energy loss caused by gas transmission as much as possible, the tower-type rotary furnace is a coke incineration and gasification vertical rotary furnace, carbon slag of the coke incineration and gasification vertical rotary furnace burning up garbage is discharged from the bottom of the rotary furnace, and the feeding channel, the drying pyrolysis carbonization chamber, the secondary combustion chamber and the combustion chamber of the tower-type rotary furnace are all integrated in the same shell. The outer part of the shell can be provided with a heat insulation layer, so that the energy loss is further reduced.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are that: according to the technical scheme, garbage is fed onto a grate through a feeding channel, the garbage enters a drying, pyrolysis and carbonization chamber under the driving of a rotating grate, the temperature of a cavity of the drying, pyrolysis and carbonization chamber can be set to be about 550 ℃, the garbage is dried, pyrolyzed and carbonized, products of the garbage on the grate after drying, pyrolyzing and carbonizing are solid matters such as coke and ash, the solid matters fall into a normally-closed blanking hopper from the tail of the grate, the normally-closed blanking hopper is opened under the action of material accumulation and pressurization so that the materials fall into a tower-type rotary furnace, therefore, the material is continuously conveyed into the normally-closed blanking hopper by the grate and is accumulated to a certain degree, the normally-closed blanking hopper is opened to a certain degree, the materials enter the tower-type rotary furnace and are subjected to oxygen-enriched combustion and gasification with air and water vapor in the tower-type rotary furnace, the temperature in the tower-type rotary furnace is above 850 ℃, and generated high-temperature gasification mixed flue gas at about 850 ℃ enters a secondary combustion chamber from the top of the tower-type rotary furnace through a high-temperature gas channel; meanwhile, in the drying pyrolysis carbonization chamber, the water vapor generated in the drying stage, combustible gases such as carbon monoxide, methane and the like and combustible gases such as tar molecules and the like generated in the pyrolysis stage are sent into a gas mixing area of a secondary combustion chamber from a combustible gas outlet of the drying pyrolysis carbonization chamber; because the gas mixing area is communicated with an oxygen supply channel which conveys heated air to the gas mixing area, the purpose is to supply the area for auxiliary combustion, the high-temperature gasification mixed flue gas at about 850 ℃, the combustible gas generated by the drying pyrolysis carbonization chamber and the heated air are mixed in the secondary combustion chamber for full combustion, thereby realizing the complete decomposition of harmful gases such as dioxin and the like; because the second combustion chamber is internally provided with enough heat storage materials which can be heat storage bricks and other materials with heat storage functions, combustible gas and air can be fully mixed and completely combusted in the combustion process, the heat storage materials can continuously keep the temperature of the second combustion chamber at about 850 ℃, the smoke retention time is more than 3 seconds, and harmful gas generated in the garbage treatment process is completely and thoroughly decomposed. The high-temperature flue gas burnt out at the tail part of the secondary combustion chamber enters a hot air pipeline, heat is transferred in the drying pyrolysis carbonization chamber through the hot air pipeline, so that the temperature of the drying pyrolysis carbonization chamber is kept at about 550 ℃, the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas at the exhaust end of the high-temperature flue gas in the hot air pipeline is reduced to about 500 ℃, and the high-temperature flue gas enters a tail gas purification system to be subjected to gas purification treatment, so that the tail gas is ensured to be discharged to meet the environmental protection requirement.

In conclusion, in the design, the high-temperature gasification mixed flue gas at about 850 ℃ is mixed with the combustible gas and the heated air generated by the drying, pyrolysis and carbonization chamber in the secondary combustion chamber for full combustion, so that not only can harmful gases such as dioxin be completely decomposed, but also the heat energy of the secondary combustion chamber is used for heating the drying, pyrolysis and carbonization chamber through the hot air pipeline, so that the temperature of the drying, pyrolysis and carbonization chamber is kept at about 550 ℃, therefore, the temperature of the garbage can completely meet the requirements of drying, pyrolysis and carbonization treatment of the garbage when the garbage enters the drying, pyrolysis and carbonization chamber, and external heat energy is not needed. Because the second combustion chamber is internally provided with enough heat storage materials, the heat storage materials can keep the temperature of the second combustion chamber to be about 850 ℃, the residence time of the flue gas is more than 3 seconds, the harmful gas generated in the garbage treatment process can be completely and thoroughly decomposed, and the functions of the second combustion chamber are also completely realized without the help of external heat energy.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a first state of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a second state of the present invention.

In the figure: a grate 1; a tower-type rotary furnace 2; a feed channel 3; a feed port 4; a drying pyrolysis carbonization chamber 5; a hot air duct 6; a combustible gas discharge port 7; a second combustion chamber 8; a heat storage material 9; an exhaust port 10; a high-temperature gas passage 11; a movable discharging plate 12; a gas mixing zone 13; a feed hopper 14; an oxygen supply channel 15; a drop hopper 16; a housing 17; a normally closed door 18; an elastic return member 19; the inner top wall 20 is inclined.

Detailed Description

Example 1:

as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the present embodiment provides a domestic garbage pyrolysis gasification treatment apparatus, which includes a dry pyrolysis carbonization chamber 5, a tower-type rotary furnace 2 and a secondary combustion chamber 8, wherein the secondary combustion chamber 8 is located above the dry pyrolysis carbonization chamber 5, a heat storage material 9 is arranged in the secondary combustion chamber 8, a grate 1 is arranged in or below the dry pyrolysis carbonization chamber 5, a feeding passage 3 is arranged above a feeding end of the grate 1, a normally closed blanking hopper is arranged between a discharging end of the grate 1 and a feeding port 4 of the tower-type rotary furnace 2, and the normally closed blanking hopper is opened under the action of material accumulation and pressure application so that the material falls into the tower-type rotary furnace 2; it should be noted that, in the technical scheme, the grate 1 may be arranged in the dry pyrolysis carbonization chamber 5, the grate 1 has high temperature resistance and can realize the transportation of garbage, and the grate 1 is not communicated with the outside, so that the micro-oxygen combustion state in the dry pyrolysis carbonization chamber 5 can be ensured; certainly, the fire grate 1 can also be designed by using the fire grate 1 provided by other equipment, for example, the fire grate 1 is arranged on the fire grate furnace itself, and at this time, the fire grate 1 is located below the dry pyrolysis carbonization chamber 5, but the sealing effect between the furnace body of the fire grate furnace and the dry pyrolysis carbonization chamber 5 needs to be ensured, so that the micro-oxygen combustion state in the dry pyrolysis carbonization chamber 5 is ensured.

The drying pyrolysis carbonization chamber 5 is provided with a combustible gas outlet 7, a high-temperature gas channel 11 extending upwards is arranged between the tower-type rotary furnace 2 and the second combustion chamber 8, the gas inlet end of the second combustion chamber 8 is a gas mixing zone 13, the gas mixing zone 13 is communicated with an oxygen supply channel 15, and the combustible gas outlet 7 and the high-temperature gas channel 11 are both communicated with the gas mixing zone 13;

the inside of the drying pyrolysis carbonization chamber 5 is provided with a hot air pipeline 6, the hot air pipeline 6 is positioned above the grate 1, in order to achieve better heat energy utilization, the hot air pipeline 6 is a high temperature resistant heat transfer coil pipe, an exhaust port 10 of the secondary combustion chamber 8 is communicated with an air inlet end of the hot air pipeline 6, and an exhaust end of the hot air pipeline 6 is connected with a peripheral tail gas purification system.

According to the technical scheme, garbage is fed onto a grate 1 through a feeding channel 3, the garbage enters a drying, pyrolysis and carbonization chamber 5 under the driving of a rotating grate 1, the temperature of a cavity of the drying, pyrolysis and carbonization chamber 5 can be set to be about 550 ℃, the garbage is dried, pyrolyzed and carbonized, products of the garbage on the grate 1 after drying, pyrolyzing and carbonizing are solid matters such as coke and ash and fall into a normally-closed blanking hopper from the tail part of the grate 1, the normally-closed blanking hopper is opened under the action of material stacking and pressurizing so that the material falls into a tower type rotary furnace 2, therefore, the grate 1 continuously conveys the material into the normally-closed blanking hopper and is stacked to a certain degree, the normally-closed blanking hopper is opened to a certain degree, the material enters a rotary furnace 2 and is subjected to oxygen-enriched combustion and gasification with air and water vapor in the tower type rotary furnace 2, the temperature in the tower type rotary furnace 2 is above 850 ℃, and generated high-temperature gasification mixed flue gas at about 850 ℃ enters a secondary combustion chamber 8 from the top of the rotary furnace 2 through a high-temperature gas channel 11; meanwhile, in the drying pyrolysis carbonization chamber 5, the water vapor generated in the drying stage, the combustible gas such as carbon monoxide, methane and the like and the combustible gas such as tar molecules and the like generated in the pyrolysis stage are sent into a gas mixing area 13 of a secondary combustion chamber 8 from a combustible gas outlet 7 of the drying pyrolysis carbonization chamber 5; because the gas mixing area 13 is communicated with an oxygen supply channel, the oxygen supply channel 15 conveys heated air to the gas mixing area 13, the purpose is to supply the area for auxiliary combustion, the high-temperature gasification mixed flue gas at about 850 ℃ generated in the tower-type rotary furnace 2, the combustible gas generated in the drying pyrolysis carbonization chamber 5 and the heated air input from the oxygen supply channel 15 are mixed in the secondary combustion chamber 8 for full combustion to realize complete decomposition of harmful gases such as dioxin, and it needs to be noted that the heated air mainly does not consume the heat energy of the secondary combustion chamber 8 and can be heated to about 20 ℃; because the second combustion chamber 8 is internally provided with enough heat storage materials 9, the heat storage materials 9 can be heat storage bricks and other materials with heat storage function, combustible gas and air can be fully mixed and completely combusted in the combustion process, the heat storage materials 9 can continuously keep the temperature of the second combustion chamber 8 at about 850 ℃, the smoke retention time is more than 3 seconds, and harmful gas generated in the garbage treatment process can be completely and thoroughly decomposed. The high-temperature flue gas burnt out at the tail part of the secondary combustion chamber 8 enters the hot air pipeline 6, heat is transferred in the drying pyrolysis carbonization chamber 5 through the hot air pipeline 6, the temperature of the drying pyrolysis carbonization chamber 5 is kept at about 550 ℃, the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas in the hot air pipeline 6 at the exhaust end of the high-temperature flue gas is reduced to about 500 ℃, the high-temperature flue gas enters a tail gas purification system for gas purification treatment, and the tail gas is ensured to be discharged to meet the environmental protection requirement.

In conclusion, in the design, the combustible gas and the heated air generated by the high-temperature gasification mixed flue gas at about 850 ℃ and the drying pyrolysis carbonization chamber 5 are mixed in the secondary combustion chamber 8 to be fully combusted, so that not only can harmful gases such as dioxin be completely decomposed, but also the heat energy of the secondary combustion chamber 8 is used for heating the drying pyrolysis carbonization chamber 5 through the hot air pipeline 6, so that the temperature of the drying pyrolysis carbonization chamber 5 is kept at about 550 ℃, therefore, the garbage enters the drying pyrolysis carbonization chamber 5, the temperature completely meets the requirements of drying, pyrolysis and carbonization treatment on the garbage, and no external heat energy is needed. Because the second combustion chamber 8 is internally provided with enough heat storage materials 9, the temperature of the second combustion chamber 8 is continuously kept at about 850 ℃ under the action of the heat storage materials 9, the retention time of the flue gas is more than 3 seconds, the harmful gas generated in the garbage treatment process can be completely and thoroughly decomposed, and the function of the second combustion chamber 8 are also completely exerted without the help of external heat energy.

More importantly, because the normally closed blanking hopper is opened under the action of material accumulation and pressurization so that the materials fall into the tower-type rotary furnace 2, the grate 1 continuously conveys the materials into the normally closed blanking hopper, and only when the materials are accumulated to a certain degree, the normally closed blanking hopper can be opened to a certain degree so that the materials enter the tower-type rotary furnace 2, under the normal condition, the normally closed blanking hopper basically realizes the isolation of the drying pyrolysis carbonization chamber 5 and the combustion chamber of the tower-type rotary furnace 2, so that the drying pyrolysis carbonization chamber 5 is kept in a micro-oxygen combustion state, therefore, the drying, pyrolysis and carbonization processes are basically carried out in an approximate anaerobic (micro-oxygen) state, namely, the garbage is subjected to low-temperature decomposition in the micro-oxygen state, the control on a dioxin generation environment is further realized, the generation amount of dioxin is greatly reduced, the generation amount of dioxin is controlled from the source, and the high-temperature decomposition of the dioxin chamber 8 is matched, so that the finally output gas harmful substances are extremely low, and the operation pressure of a subsequent tail gas purification system is also reduced. In addition, it should be noted that, compared with the conventional waste incineration treatment of a grate furnace, the grate needs to operate in a high-temperature environment of over 700 ℃, the failure rate of the grate is high, the maintenance cost is high, and the service life is short.

In the design, the drying pyrolysis carbonization chamber 5, the tower-type rotary furnace 2 and the secondary combustion chamber 8 are mutually independent and skillfully combined, so that the functions of the chambers can be fully exerted, the heat loss is extremely low, the energy consumption is low, and the garbage treatment efficiency is high. The reduction degree of the garbage is extremely high, the tail gas is thoroughly treated, the national emission standard is met, and the equipment operation cost is low.

In this design, the required heat of drying, pyrolysis, the carbonization of rubbish is all the heat that utilizes the combustible gas of rubbish pyrolysis gasification production and the coke after the rubbish carbonization to burn the back production completely, cyclic utilization rubbish heat energy need not the outside and provides heat energy, and the energy saving reduces natural resources's consumption.

The equipment has ingenious structural design, has an independent drying pyrolysis gasification system, namely a drying pyrolysis carbonization chamber 5, and has an independent oxygen-enriched incineration system, namely a tower-type rotary furnace 2, and the two can keep independent normal work in various environments. The device also has the function of carrying out independent pyrolysis gasification incineration treatment on the garbage and the function of carrying out independent incineration treatment on the garbage.

Example 2:

this example was optimized based on example 1 described above.

The normally closed type blanking hopper comprises a blanking hopper 16 and a normally closed door 18, the blanking hopper 16 extends downwards towards the interior of the tower type rotary furnace 2 in an inclined mode, the upper end of the normally closed door 18 is hinged above a feeding hole 4 of the tower type rotary furnace 2, and the normally closed door 18 is obliquely overlapped on the blanking hopper 16 due to self gravity under the effect of no external force, so that the normally closed type blanking hopper is closed.

Because the upper end of the normally closed door 18 is hinged above the feed inlet 4 of the tower type rotary furnace 2, under the effect of no external force, the normally closed door 18 is obliquely erected on the blanking hopper 16 due to the self weight, so that the normally closed blanking hopper is closed, when materials fall onto the blanking hopper 16 from the discharge end of the fire grate 1, the materials are continuously accumulated and exert pressure on the normally closed door 18, the normally closed door 18 is opened to a certain degree, and the materials quickly fall into the tower type rotary furnace 2. This design simple structure only piles up the effect through the material and can realize opening the automation of door 18 normally to having avoided also oxygen in the tower rotary furnace 2 to enter into dry pyrolysis carbonization room 5 when having guaranteed to the feed in the tower rotary furnace 2, thereby the realization is handled respectively to the little oxygen burning and the oxygen boosting burning of rubbish, in order to reach more environmental protection and energy saving's refuse treatment effect.

Example 3:

this embodiment is optimized based on embodiment 1 described above.

Be equipped with in feedstock channel 3 and realize going on the movable flitch 12 that shelters from to feedstock channel 3, movable flitch 12 is rotated with feedstock channel 3's inner wall and is connected, is equipped with the elasticity that can drive movable flitch 12 and realize carrying out the shutoff to feedstock channel 3 between movable flitch 12 and feedstock channel 3's the inner wall and resets 19.

Because the movable discharging plate 12 can open the feeding channel 3 only in the discharging process, the feeding channel 3 has a better sealing effect, and in the operation process of the equipment, only less air enters the drying pyrolysis carbonization chamber 5, so that garbage is subjected to oxygen-less indirect pyrolysis carbonization in the drying pyrolysis carbonization chamber 5, the generation environment of dioxin is controlled to the maximum extent, and the generation of pollutants is reduced.

Example 4:

this embodiment is optimized based on embodiment 3 described above.

In order to achieve a better feeding state, the gravity of the garbage is fully utilized to drive the movable material discharging plate 12, and the feeding channel 3 is a vertical feeding channel 3.

Example 5:

this embodiment is optimized based on embodiment 3 described above.

In order to achieve better reduction of the air intake during the emptying process, a plurality of movable emptying plates 12 are arranged in the feeding channel 3.

Example 6:

this embodiment is optimized based on embodiment 3 described above.

For better feeding, the upper end of the feed channel 3 is provided with a feed hopper 14.

Example 7:

this embodiment is optimized based on embodiment 3 described above.

In order to realize weighing of the amount of the entering garbage and facilitate statistics of the garbage treatment amount, a weighing sensor is arranged on the movable discharging plate 12 positioned at the uppermost part.

Example 8:

this embodiment is optimized based on embodiment 2 described above.

In order to adapt to the high-temperature environment in the furnace, the normally closed door 18 is made of high-temperature-resistant metal materials.

Example 9:

this example was optimized based on example 1 described above.

In order to facilitate the discharge of the combustible gas in the dry pyrolysis carbonization chamber 5, the inner top wall of the dry pyrolysis carbonization chamber 5 is gradually inclined upwards along the feeding direction of the grate 1 to form an inclined inner top wall 20, and the combustible gas discharge port 7 is positioned at the upper end of the inclined inner top wall 20.

Example 10:

this embodiment is optimized based on embodiment 1 described above.

In order to realize the compact structure of the equipment better and reduce the energy loss caused by gas transmission as much as possible, the tower-type rotary furnace 2 is a coke burning gasification vertical rotary furnace, carbon slag of the coke burning gasification vertical rotary furnace burning up garbage is discharged from the bottom of the rotary furnace, and the feeding channel 3, the drying pyrolysis carbonization chamber 5, the secondary combustion chamber 8 and the combustion chamber of the tower-type rotary furnace 2 are all integrated in the same shell 17. The outer part of the shell 17 can be provided with an insulating layer, so that the energy loss is further reduced.

This equipment reasonable in design, compact structure, low in manufacturing cost, equipment collection rubbish feedstock channel 3, dry pyrolysis carbonization room 5 of rubbish, the vertical rotary furnace of coke incineration gasification, two combustion chambers 8 are as an organic whole, and refuse handling installation treatment shop area is little to 50 tons of domestic waste of daily processing are as example 200 square meters can.

Each system bureau of the equipment adopts intelligent control, the whole running operation is monitored by a large screen display, and the automation degree is high. The requirement of the equipment on the heat value of the garbage is not high, the equipment with the heat value of 600 can normally operate, the requirement of low-heat-value garbage treatment is met, the use of an external heat source is reduced to a great extent in the normal operation of the equipment, and the self energy of the equipment is comprehensively recycled, so that the operation cost of the equipment is reduced to a great extent, the requirements of low-cost operation, low energy consumption, energy conservation and environmental protection are met, and greater economic benefit can be created.

The garbage disposal process when the equipment is used: the household garbage is measured in a factory, the household garbage is subjected to aerobic fermentation in a shredding storage pool, a material grabbing machine grabs materials, meanwhile, the tower type rotary furnace 2 is started to integrally preheat the inside of the equipment for about five hours until the temperature in the drying pyrolysis carbonization chamber 5 reaches about 550 ℃, the garbage is fed to the discharge furnace 1 through the feeding channel 3, and the equipment starts the treatment of the garbage.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a domestic waste pyrolysis gasification processing apparatus which characterized in that: the secondary combustion chamber is positioned above the drying pyrolysis carbonization chamber, a heat storage material is arranged in the secondary combustion chamber, a fire grate is arranged in or below the drying pyrolysis carbonization chamber, a feeding channel is arranged above the feeding end of the fire grate, a normally closed blanking hopper is arranged between the discharging end of the fire grate and the feeding hole of the tower type rotary furnace, and the normally closed blanking hopper is opened under the action of material accumulation and pressure application so that materials can fall into the tower type rotary furnace;

2. The pyrolysis and gasification treatment device for household garbage according to claim 1, wherein: the normally closed type blanking hopper comprises a blanking hopper and a normally closed door, the blanking hopper extends downwards towards the interior of the tower type rotary furnace in an inclined mode, the upper end of the normally closed door is hinged above a feed port of the tower type rotary furnace, and the normally closed door is obliquely overlapped on the blanking hopper due to self gravity under the effect of no external force so as to seal the normally closed type blanking hopper.

3. The pyrolysis and gasification treatment device for household garbage according to claim 1, wherein: the material feeding device is characterized in that a movable discharging plate capable of shielding the material feeding channel is arranged in the material feeding channel, the movable discharging plate is rotatably connected with the inner wall of the material feeding channel, and an elastic reset piece capable of driving the movable discharging plate to realize plugging of the material feeding channel is arranged between the movable discharging plate and the inner wall of the material feeding channel.

4. The pyrolysis and gasification treatment device for household garbage according to claim 3, wherein: the feed channel is a vertical feed channel.

5. The pyrolysis and gasification treatment device for household garbage according to claim 3, wherein: a plurality of movable material placing plates are arranged in the feeding channel.

6. The pyrolysis and gasification treatment device for household garbage according to claim 3, wherein: the upper end of the feeding channel is provided with a feeding hopper.

7. The pyrolysis and gasification treatment device for household garbage according to claim 3, wherein: and a weighing sensor is arranged on the movable material placing plate positioned at the top.

8. The pyrolysis and gasification treatment device for household garbage according to claim 2, wherein: the normal close door is made of high temperature resistant metal materials.

9. The pyrolysis and gasification treatment device for household garbage according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inner top wall of the drying pyrolysis carbonization chamber is gradually inclined upwards along the feeding direction of the fire grate to form an inclined inner top wall, and the combustible gas discharge port is positioned at the upper end of the inclined inner top wall.

10. The pyrolysis and gasification treatment device for household garbage according to claim 1, wherein: the tower-type rotary furnace is a coke burning and gasifying vertical rotary furnace, and the feeding channel, the drying pyrolysis carbonization chamber, the secondary combustion chamber and the combustion chamber of the tower-type rotary furnace are all integrated in the same shell.