CN205332223U - Heat conduction formula garbage pyrolytic gasifier - Google Patents

Heat conduction formula garbage pyrolytic gasifier Download PDF

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Publication number
CN205332223U
CN205332223U CN201620044749.0U CN201620044749U CN205332223U CN 205332223 U CN205332223 U CN 205332223U CN 201620044749 U CN201620044749 U CN 201620044749U CN 205332223 U CN205332223 U CN 205332223U
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China
Prior art keywords
combustion chamber
firing chamber
dual firing
air
heat
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN201620044749.0U
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张斌
赵虎军
张照军
卜斌
黄锦阳
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BEIJING GUANGYAO ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING Co Ltd
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BEIJING GUANGYAO ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201620044749.0U priority Critical patent/CN205332223U/en
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Publication of CN205332223U publication Critical patent/CN205332223U/en
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Abstract

The utility model relates to a heat conduction formula garbage pyrolytic gasifier, go out etc. Including primary reaction ware, combustor, observation hole, wind ring canal, second combustion chamber, second combustion chamber cloth tuber pipe, a second combustion chamber, arrange near primary reaction ware and the second combustion chamber and through the outlet of still intercommunication, primary reaction ware top is equipped with the feed opening, and the bottom is equipped with grate and a wind ring canal, and the second combustion chamber bottom is equipped with the export interface. Second combustion chamber is provided with the overgrate air interface, the overgrate air interface set up second combustion chamber upper portion and with the air preheater intercommunication of outside. The grate of primary reaction ware is rotatable grate. Second combustion chamber is two flues, and it has the balancing hole to open between two flues. The utility model discloses structural arrangement is very compact, and area is little, and heat dissipation falls to minimumly. Still originality atmosphere and oxidability atmosphere combine, dwell time that rubbish wastes material and rubbish wastes material pyrolysis smoke are sufficient. The turbulence scale is big, has improved mass transfer and heat transmission effect, is favorable to the gasification.

Description

Heat-conducting refuse pyrolysis gasification furnace
Technical field
This utility model relates to a kind of incinerator for garbage disposal, specifically a kind of incinerator。
Background technology
Along with development and the progress of human material's civilization, resource falls sharply, environmental pollution, the ecological a series of global problem such as continuous worsening have begun to the sustainable development of restriction human society。The problem of this wherein garbage disposal increasingly attracts people's attention, and " pollutant transfer " mode that mode is a kind of irresponsible " serving the present age, leave a legacy of trouble in descendants " toppled over by traditional rubbish。Especially in China three line city and samll cities and towns, existing major part rubbish is still in outdoor concentration stacking state, and the instant of environment and potential hazard is very big, and then contamination accident occurs frequently, and pollutes day by day serious。For solving above-mentioned serious problems, domestic and international experts and scholars propose many solutions in garbage disposal, carry out filling after sorting including rubbish, composting, biochemical treatment, burning disposal etc.。Burning disposal, the life wherein put into practice fill, the deficiency of During High-Temperature Composting all various degrees。For sanitary landfills, relative burning disposal, investment and operating cost are relatively low, but landfill yard takes up an area quite big。The landfill of the material such as large amount of organic and battery, make that sanitary filling field percolate is impermeable, collection processing system implementing load and technical difficulty big, investment height, fill complicated operation, difficult management, sewage disperses, it is difficult to qualified discharge。Additionally, the waste gas such as the methane of landfill yard, hydrogen sulfide also must be handled well, to guarantee explosion-proof and environmental requirement。For another example During High-Temperature Composting, though for effective treatment technology of organic principle in rubbish, being not all of the final treatment technology of rubbish, for the small city garbage disposal poor effect that inorganic content is higher。This technology will be discussed in detail the process technique processing 10 to 50 tons of domestic garbage pyrolysis gasifications day。
The existing incineration technology being applied in house refuse and hazardous waste process field specifically includes that fire grate incineration technology, technology using rotary kiln, Incineration in CFB technology etc.。
Burning method has the advantage that
1, after burning, volume can reduce more than 90%, is greatly reduced the volume and weight of incinerated matter;
2, burning disposal speed is fast, and rubbish does not need long term storage;
3, can recover energy for generating and heat supply;
4, by organizing the correct design of low stain Incineration circumstances and incinerator can realize relatively low secondary pollution。
Burning method has the disadvantage that:
1, incinerator is oxidation atmosphere, it is easy to generating toxic pollutant, as bad in controlled, pollutant readily diffuse in air or soil;
2, a large amount of inorganic matters and moisture are added in incinerator, cause the massive losses of energy;
3, product such as residue or flying dust after burning need again to solidify landfill disposal。
4, fire grate must be heat-resisting indeformable。Between long-term continuous operating period, due to the effect of thermal stress so that material and processing technique are required height by fire grate。Owing to fire grate needs to rotate, reliability is low and high energy consumption constitutes during it runs often produced problem。
5, incinerator is difficult in adapt to the waste incineration of water content variation wider range, because the higher rubbish of moisture content needs wider dry section, this burns to the rubbish that moisture content is high completely and brings difficulty。When China's refuse thermal value is generally relatively low, current domestic garbage burning factory is commonly used stores to reduce the moisture content into stove rubbish by rubbish in storehouse, and the garbage leachate produced in storing needs to be sent to sewage treatment plant and processes。
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to propose a kind of heat-conducting refuse pyrolysis gasification furnace, it is possible to the shortcoming of the effective above-mentioned burning method of customer service。
This utility model realization is achieved in that:
A kind of heat-conducting refuse pyrolysis gasification furnace, including primary reactor, burner, primary air piping, observation port, First air interface, First air endless tube, First air endless tube gripper shoe, it is characterized in that being provided with dual firing chamber, dual firing chamber's wind-distributing pipe, dual firing chamber's discharge coupling, wherein primary reactor is connected by outlet of still with dual firing chamber, primary reactor top is provided with feed opening, bottom is provided with fire grate and First air endless tube, is provided with discharge coupling bottom dual firing chamber。
Described dual firing chamber is provided with secondary wind interface, and secondary wind interface is arranged on dual firing chamber top and connects with outside air preheater。
The fire grate of described primary reactor is rotatable fire grate。
Described dual firing chamber is twin flue, has balance pipe between twin flue。
Technology character and superiority of the present utility model:
1, the closely coupled layout of primary reactor and dual firing chamber
Adjacent layout near gasification furnace and dual firing chamber, entrained by the high-temperature flue gas in dual firing chamber, heat can pass to gasification furnace by furnace wall。Gasification furnace burner hearth is carried out semi-surrounding by the twin flue of dual firing chamber, and structure is arranged closely, and floor space is little, and radiation loss is preferably minimized。
2, reproducibility atmosphere organically combines with oxidation atmosphere
Primary reactor adopts anoxycausis, in reproducibility atmosphere in reactor。The air capacity of primary reactor is approximately the 40%~80% of theoretical air requirement, and the reproducibility environmental energy of its formation effectively suppresses garbage to form two English in 250 degree~550 degree temperature ranges。
Containing a certain amount of white carbon black, benzene class, phenols and other tar from primary reactor synthesis gas out, under secondary wind action, oxidation reaction, fuel gas and solid combustible after-flame in after-flame layer occurring further, primary product is CO2。
3, the sufficient time of staying
The concept of the time of staying bears a double meaning。The first junk time of staying in pyrolysis oven, it refers to that junk starts to burning end residue to discharge the required time from stove from entering stove;It two is the junk pyrolysis smoke time of staying in stove。It refers to the pyrolysis smoke time of staying in dual firing chamber and three combustor, this time of staying requirement >=2S。In general, according to the difference burning the type of furnace, clinical waste time of staying varying length in stove。The pyrolysis smoke time of staying in stove is only several seconds to tens seconds。In actual mechanical process, the junk time of staying in stove have to be larger than the total time needed for dry, thermal decomposition in theory and pyrolysis。Meanwhile, the pyrolysis smoke time of staying in stove should ensure that in flue gas, gaseous state combustible reaches complete pyrolysis。Heat conduction pyrolytic gasification inner flue gas of the stove high-temperature region the time of staying >=more than 3S。
4, Pintsch process
Due to pyrolysis oven compact conformation, radiation loss is few, and whole in-furnace temperature is higher than other type of furnace temperature。In after-flame layer, maximum temperature is up to 1200 DEG C, and it is uniform that balance pipe can be effectively ensured in after-flame layer temperature field。Hot environment assured destruction two English, furan form required presoma。When waste heating value is very low, it is possible to spraying into suitable combustion-supporting fuel and ensure temperature in after-flame layer, the method for operation is flexible。
5, turbulivity
The mixability of turbulivity reflection air and junk。Turbulivity is more big, and air and refuse mixing situation are more good, and combustable organic thing can obtain the sufficient oxygen needed for pyrolysis in time, and combustion reaction is more complete。Turbulivity size is relevant with many factors。When pyrolysis gasification furnace one timing, it is possible to improve turbulivity by the flow velocity and increase air quantity delivered increasing air traverse junk layer。Improve turbulivity and substantially improve heat and mass transport effect, thus be conducive to gasification。
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the new heat-conducting refuse pyrolysis gasification furnace structure schematic diagram of this practicality。
Fig. 2 is the B B sectional view of Fig. 1。
Fig. 3 is the C C sectional view of Fig. 1。
The burning zone that Fig. 4 is primary reactor illustrates schematic diagram
Number in the figure: 1, primary reactor, 2, observation port A, 3, observation port B, 4, burner, 5, First air endless tube, 6, feed opening, 7, dual firing chamber's wind-distributing pipe, 8, dual firing chamber, 9, dual firing chamber's discharge coupling, 10, outlet of still A, 11, outlet of still B, 12, secondary wind interface A, 13, secondary wind interface B, 14, First air interface, 15, First air endless tube gripper shoe。
Detailed description of the invention
In order to technical characteristic of the present utility model, purpose and effect are more clearly understood from; in conjunction with case study on implementation; a kind of three-phase mixed fluidized bed desulfurizer is further detailed, is not determinate, does not limit the protection domain of this utility patent with following case study on implementation。
Heat-conducting pyrolysis gasification furnace is a kind of waste high temperature heat treatment technics。
Namely pyrolysis is carry out pyrolysis reduction reaction (rubbish includes medical treatment, life, solid waste rubbish etc.) in primary reactor 1 with the Organic substance in the refuses such as certain air capacity and medical treatment, life, solid waste rubbish。Poisonous and harmful substances in junk at high temperature aoxidizes, pyrolysis and be destroyed。Whole reactor is in reproducibility atmosphere, can effectively suppress the generation of two English, furan and Nox。In dual firing chamber 8, high temperature excess air and synthesis gas generation oxidation reaction, thoroughly smash the generation presoma of the harmful substances such as two English, furan, be a kind of can realize that refuse is innoxious simultaneously, minimizing, resource treatment technology, make the material being pyrolyzed become harmless and volume reduction avoid producing secondary pollution to greatest extent。
Whole gasification furnace is made up of primary reactor 1 and dual firing chamber 8, as shown in Figure 1。
Primary reactor
Primary reactor is column type vertical heater, from inside to outside respectively refractory material, insulation material and shell。Gasification furnace adopts from upper feed inlet 6 charging, bottom deslagging;Bottom discharges synthesis gas through First air endless tube 5 air blast, top through outlet of still 7。Rubbish enters furnace rear and moves from top to bottom, drying, dry distilling, pyrolysis reduction, combustion oxidation and form slag after burning sintering, through be located at the fire grate of burner hearth bottom or band tooth rotary fire grate broken after discharge。And combustion air is after tail air preheater preheats, enter in stove from pyrolytic gasification furnace bottom First air endless tube 5, through burning slagging scorification district, slag is cooled down, make combustion air further heat up simultaneously, participating in burning subsequently into high temperature combustion zone, top is entered again the rubbish in stove and carries out pyrolysis, preheating, dries by the high-temperature flue gas of formation。Whole material bed state in stove is approximately as shown in Fig. 4:
Entering the refuse thermal value of gasification furnace at more than 1200kCal/kg, moisture content, between 30~55%, is sent into gasification furnace by hydraulic pressure feeding system, and the synthesis gas that rubbish primary transformants in primary reactor is higher thermal value (is mainly composed of CO, H2And H2O)。Along with the carrying out of reaction, bed depth is gradually lowered, and new rubbish or garbage are added by charging aperture 6。The synthesis gas of primary reactor 1 outlet contains a large amount of tar, white carbon black and methane etc., then arranges after-flame layer after gasification furnace, by filling into high temperature air, makes synthesis gas and the macromolecular particle after-flame such as tar, white carbon black。
In primary reactor 1, air coefficient maintains between 0.4~0.8, and temperature controls between 760~860 degree。
In rubbish or garbage, course of reaction is had considerable influence by the content of moisture。Having of water is beneficial to elimination white carbon black, but moisture content is more high, and energy expenditure is more big。On the other hand, in same excess air coefficient situation, moisture content is more high, and flow rate is more low。Why such, it is that the moisture content because containing in material is too much。Therefore, in order to comprehensively effectively utilize refuse energy, the energy utilization efficiency of system is improved, it is necessary in advance material is dried process。It is generally acknowledged in rubbish that moisture content is about 30% comparatively suitable。
Synthesis gas is mainly composed of the tar-like substance such as N2, CO, CH4, H2, H2O, and white carbon black, benzene class, phenol, aldehyde。Synthesis gas is entered dual firing chamber 8, dual firing chamber 8 and the neighbour layout of primary reactor 1 by primary reactor 1 top outlet of still 7, and whole dual firing chamber 8 is divided into twin flue, opens balance pipe and make both sides pressure equal between twin flue。About 8 points air inlets of dual firing chamber, it is ensured that in dual firing chamber 8, air coefficient is between 1.05 to 1.3, the temperature of dual firing chamber 8 controls between 1000 degree to 1200 degree。Equally, in dual firing chamber 8, the required high temperature air of reaction is provided through air preheater by aerator。
The foregoing is only the schematic detailed description of the invention of this utility model, be not limited to scope of the present utility model。Any those skilled in the art, the equivalent variations made under the premise without departing from design of the present utility model and principle and amendment, all should belong to the scope of this utility model protection。

Claims (4)

1. heat-conducting refuse pyrolysis gasification furnace, including primary reactor, burner, primary air piping, observation port, First air interface, First air endless tube, First air endless tube gripper shoe, it is characterized in that being provided with dual firing chamber, dual firing chamber's wind-distributing pipe, dual firing chamber's discharge coupling, wherein primary reactor is connected by outlet of still with dual firing chamber, primary reactor top is provided with feed opening, bottom is provided with fire grate and First air endless tube, is provided with discharge coupling bottom dual firing chamber。
2. heat-conducting refuse pyrolysis gasification furnace as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that dual firing chamber is provided with secondary wind interface, and secondary wind interface is arranged on dual firing chamber top and connects with outside air preheater。
3. heat-conducting refuse pyrolysis gasification furnace as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that the fire grate of primary reactor is rotatable fire grate。
4. heat-conducting refuse pyrolysis gasification furnace as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that described dual firing chamber is twin flue, has balance pipe between twin flue。
CN201620044749.0U 2016-01-18 2016-01-18 Heat conduction formula garbage pyrolytic gasifier Expired - Fee Related CN205332223U (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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CN205332223U true CN205332223U (en) 2016-06-22

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112944368A (en) * 2021-02-26 2021-06-11 中国科学院广州能源研究所 Industrial wastewater incineration treatment system and process

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112944368A (en) * 2021-02-26 2021-06-11 中国科学院广州能源研究所 Industrial wastewater incineration treatment system and process

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CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee

Granted publication date: 20160622

CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee