CN218030257U - Centralized blowing-in type disaster prevention ventilation system for railway tunnel portal - Google Patents
Centralized blowing-in type disaster prevention ventilation system for railway tunnel portal Download PDFInfo
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- CN218030257U CN218030257U CN202221798721.8U CN202221798721U CN218030257U CN 218030257 U CN218030257 U CN 218030257U CN 202221798721 U CN202221798721 U CN 202221798721U CN 218030257 U CN218030257 U CN 218030257U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a railway tunnel portal centralized blowing type disaster prevention ventilation system, wherein a group of transverse channels, an air supply duct and a fan chamber are respectively arranged at two sides of a tunnel main tunnel, the transverse channels are communicated with the tunnel main tunnel and a ground exit portal, the air supply duct is arranged above the transverse channels and is separated from the transverse channels, and the air supply duct is communicated with the fan chamber; the tunnel axial flow fan is arranged in the fan chamber, the tunnel axial flow fan supplies air from the air supply duct to the direction of the tunnel main entrance through the tunnel main entrance, the wall type axial flow fan is arranged in the transverse channel, and the wall type axial flow fan supplies air from the transverse channel to the direction of the tunnel main entrance. The utility model has the advantages that: the method comprises the following steps of utilizing an axial flow fan of a tunnel in a fan chamber to intensively blow air to a cave entrance, utilizing an upper wall type axial flow fan on a partition wall of a smoke-proof front chamber to guarantee the air speed at a protective door of a transverse passage, and utilizing a residual pressure valve to release the air pressure of the smoke-proof front chamber to prevent the protective door from being opened due to overlarge pressure after the fan is started; adverse factors during evacuation of passengers are greatly reduced, and operation safety is guaranteed.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the railway tunnel technique and specifically relates to a formula ventilation system that prevents disaster is insufflated in is concentrated in railway tunnel entrance to a cave.
Background
The railway tunnel disaster prevention ventilation system is a smoke prevention and exhaust system mainly used in accidents and fires of railway tunnel emergency rescue stations, when a train breaks out a fire in a tunnel, the train continues to run by using the residual power of the train and is controlled to stop at the tunnel rescue station, and passengers are evacuated and rescued. For the tunnel mouth type emergency rescue station of the long and large tunnel group, according to the railway tunnel disaster prevention evacuation rescue engineering design specification (TB 10020-2017) 5.3.2 regulations, the ventilation wind speed in the tunnels at two ends of the tunnel mouth emergency rescue station is not less than 1.5m/s-2.0m/s, the wind direction blows to an open line section from the tunnel, 5.3.2 regulations, the ventilation wind speed at a protective door is not less than 1.5m/s, 5.3.4 regulations, the wind speed on a personnel evacuation path is not more than 8m/s, in addition, 12.3.5 regulations in the building design fire protection specification (GB 50016-2014) specifies that an independent mechanical pressurization air supply system is arranged in the tunnel evacuation facility, and the air supply residual pressure value is 30-50 Pa.
At present, a tunnel portal emergency rescue station disaster prevention ventilation system is usually provided with guide holes parallel to a main line within the range of a rescue station, jet fans are hung in the parallel guide holes to supply air to inner jet, and airflow is dispersed and converged into a tunnel main hole through a plurality of auxiliary transverse channels arranged between a flat guide and the main hole to form ventilation air speed in the tunnel main hole.
The method firstly needs to install a jet fan right above an evacuation path, certain operation safety hidden danger exists, meanwhile, because the jet fan airflow has a jet air outlet section, the windward speed of the evacuation path is higher, adverse factors are brought to people evacuation, secondly, because the ventilation loop at each transverse channel has larger wind resistance difference, the ventilation short circuit problem is obvious, and the ventilation wind speed at each protective door of the transverse channel can not meet the standard requirement; in addition, the transverse channels are arranged in a large quantity, so that the problem of high engineering investment is also solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims at providing a railway tunnel entrance to a cave is concentrated and is blown in formula anti-disaster ventilation system according to above-mentioned prior art not enough, set up the plenum alone and set up large-scale tunnel axial fan, will prevent that the ventilation air current of disaster is concentrated and blow in the positive hole, separate ventilation duct and personnel evacuation passageway from top to bottom simultaneously, thoroughly eliminate the potential safety hazard that the efflux fan of vault hoist and mount brought, reduce the direct influence of ventilation to evacuation, the setting of evacuation passageway can be simplified simultaneously, thereby promote tunnel entrance emergency rescue station safety and the economic nature of preventing disaster ventilation.
The utility model discloses the purpose is realized accomplishing by following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a railway tunnel entrance to a cave is concentrated and is blown in formula disaster prevention ventilation system, sets up the tunnel positive hole department in the open-line section both sides of tunnel entrance to a cave type rescue station which characterized in that: a group of transverse channels, an air supply duct and a fan chamber are respectively arranged on two sides of the tunnel main tunnel, the transverse channels are communicated with the tunnel main tunnel and a ground outlet, the air supply duct is arranged above the transverse channels and is separated from the transverse channels, and the air supply duct is communicated with the fan chamber; the tunnel axial flow fan is arranged in the fan chamber, air is supplied to the tunnel main opening direction from the air supply channel through the tunnel main opening, the wall type axial flow fan is arranged in the transverse channel, and air is supplied to the tunnel main opening direction from the transverse channel.
The transverse channel comprises a smoke prevention front chamber and an evacuation channel which are sequentially arranged along the direction of an evacuation line, wherein the smoke prevention front chamber is communicated with the tunnel main tunnel, and the evacuation channel is communicated with the ground outlet hole; and the wall type axial flow fan supplies air to the tunnel main tunnel direction from the transverse channel through the smoke prevention front chamber.
The front side and the rear side of the smoke prevention front chamber along the direction of an evacuation line are respectively provided with a smoke prevention front chamber partition wall, the smoke prevention front chamber partition wall is provided with a protective door, and the wall type axial flow fan is arranged on the smoke prevention front chamber partition wall close to one side of the ground exit hole.
And a pressure release valve is arranged on the partition wall of the smoke-proof front chamber close to one side of the ground outlet hole.
And a fan chamber partition wall is arranged at the air outlet position of the tunnel axial flow fan in the fan chamber.
And a steel bar grating is arranged at the position, close to the tunnel main hole, of the fan room.
And a contracted section structure is arranged on an air outlet channel between an air outlet position of the tunnel axial flow fan and the tunnel main tunnel of the fan chamber.
The air supply duct and the transverse channel are vertically separated by a concrete slab.
The fan room and the tunnel main tunnel are arranged at an included angle of a certain angle.
The utility model has the advantages that: the jet fan hoisted at the vault of the evacuation path is cancelled, and the ventilation air duct is separated from the evacuation channel of people, so that potential safety hazards caused by ventilation facilities and large head-on wind speed for people evacuation are eliminated; blowing air to the opening in a blowing mode by using an axial flow fan of the tunnel in a fan chamber, so that the smoke-proof wind speed of the tunnel main line opening is effectively guaranteed to be not lower than 1.5-2.0 m/s; the upper wall type axial flow fan on the partition wall of the smoke-proof front chamber is used for guaranteeing that the wind speed at the protective door of the transverse passage is not less than 1.5m/s, and in addition, the residual pressure valve is used for releasing the air pressure of the smoke-proof front chamber and guaranteeing the residual pressure value of 30-50Pa so as to prevent the protective door from being incapable of being opened due to overlarge pressure after the fan is started; the measures greatly reduce adverse factors when passengers are evacuated, and ensure operation safety. In addition, the whole rescue station does not need to be provided with any auxiliary transverse channel except for four transverse channels and a fan room, so that the engineering investment is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic plan view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 isbase:Sub>A sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is a sectional view B-B of fig. 1.
Detailed Description
The features of the present invention and other related features are described in further detail below by way of example in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art:
as shown in fig. 1-3, the symbols in the figures are respectively represented as: the tunnel comprises an exposed line segment 1, a tunnel main opening 2, a tunnel main opening 3, a tunnel left end main opening 3a, a tunnel right end main opening 3b, a transverse passage 4, a smoke-proof front chamber 4a, an evacuation passage 4b, a smoke-proof front chamber partition wall 5a, a fan chamber partition wall 5b, a protective door 6, an air supply duct 7a, a concrete slab 7b, a ground outlet opening 8, a fan chamber 9, a steel bar grating 10, a wall type axial flow fan 11, a pressure release valve 12 and a tunnel axial flow fan 13.
The embodiment is as follows: as shown in fig. 1, the centralized blow-in type disaster prevention ventilation system for a railway tunnel portal in the present embodiment is provided at a location of a tunnel portal type rescue station. The tunnel portal type rescue station comprises a bright line section 1 and tunnel main tunnels 3 arranged on two sides of the bright line section 1, wherein the tunnel main tunnels 3 are divided into a tunnel left end main tunnel 3a and a tunnel right end main tunnel 3b according to the diagram shown in figure 1, and the communication positions of the tunnel left end main tunnel 3a and the tunnel right end main tunnel 3b and the bright line section 1 are tunnel main portals 2.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the railway tunnel portal centralized blowing type disaster prevention ventilation system in this embodiment includes a set of transverse channels 4, an air supply duct 7 and a fan chamber 9 respectively disposed on two sides of a tunnel left end main tunnel 3a and a tunnel right end main tunnel 3b, wherein the transverse channels 4 communicate with the tunnel main tunnel 3 and a ground exit portal 8. The cross passage 4 is divided into a smoke-proof front chamber 4a and an evacuation passage 4b in sequence along the evacuation route, and smoke-proof front chamber partition walls 5a are respectively arranged on two sides of the smoke-proof front chamber 4a, so that an internal cavity formed between the smoke-proof front chamber partition walls 5a on two sides has a certain positive pressure, and smoke is further prevented from entering the evacuation passage 4b. The smoke-protection front chamber 4a is composed of a smoke-protection front chamber partition wall 5a and a protective door 6 arranged on the smoke-protection front chamber partition wall 5 a. The lateral duct 4 and the air delivery duct 7a are vertically spaced by a concrete slab 7b, and the air delivery duct 7a has a side portion bored near the fan room 9, penetrates the fan room 9, the air delivery duct 7a, and the floor outlet 8, and has a partial cross-section as shown in fig. 2. The fan room 9 is provided with a fan room partition wall 5b at the air outlet position of the tunnel axial flow fan 13, and a steel bar grating 10 is arranged close to the tunnel main tunnel 3.
In the present embodiment, the disaster prevention ventilation includes two systems, one of which is a centralized air supply system for the tunnel cave 3, and the other is a pressurized air supply system for the smoke prevention front room 4 a.
Specifically, the centralized air supply system for the tunnel main tunnel 3 mainly comprises two tunnel axial flow fans 13 arranged in each fan room 9, wherein the two tunnel axial flow fans 13 supply air from the air supply duct 7 to the direction of the tunnel main tunnel entrance 2 through the tunnel main tunnel 3, and the centralized air supply system is used for ensuring the smoke-proof air speed of not less than 1.5-2.0m/s when the tunnel main tunnel entrance 2 blows to the open line section 1.
For the pressurized air supply system of the smoke prevention front chamber 4a, a wall type axial flow fan 11 is arranged on the partition wall 5a of the smoke prevention front chamber close to one side of the ground exit opening 8, the wall type axial flow fan 11 supplies air to the tunnel front hole 3 from the transverse passage 4 through the smoke prevention front chamber 4a, the wind speed of the protective door 6 leading the tunnel front hole 3 to the evacuation passage 4b is not less than 1.5m/s, a pressure relief valve 12 is arranged additionally, the ventilation pressure of the smoke prevention front chamber 4a is released, the residual pressure value of 30-50Pa is ensured, and the sectional view of the smoke prevention front chamber 4a to the wall type axial flow fan 11 is shown in figure 3.
The working flow of the embodiment is as follows:
when a fire disaster occurs in the tunnel, a train driver immediately transmits fire disaster information to a tunnel disaster prevention command center, meanwhile, the train is controlled to continuously run towards the rescue station by using train residual power, a firing carriage is controlled to stop at a bright line section 1, and the tunnel axial flow fan 12, the wall type axial flow fan 11, the protective door 6 and other fire-fighting electromechanical facilities of the rescue station are opened by the disaster prevention command center through remote control or drivers and passengers through a field centralized control panel.
At this time, the tunnel axial flow fan 12 starts to work, so that the smoke-proof air flow blown to the open line section 1 by the tunnel positive tunnel opening 2 is used for controlling smoke generated by fire of a compartment on fire not to invade into the tunnel; the wall-type axial flow fan 11 starts to work to supply air to the tunnel main tunnel 3, so that the airflow at the protective door 6 can provide the evacuation head-on wind speed of the smoke-proof front chamber 4a and the evacuation channel 4b, so that the personnel can distinguish the walking direction and provide fresh air for passengers. Under the guidance of drivers and passengers, passengers are orderly evacuated to an outdoor terrace to be avoided through an evacuation platform at the side part of the tunnel main tunnel 3, a smoke-proof front chamber 4a, an evacuation channel 4b and a ground exit portal 8, and wait for rescue.
In the embodiment, in specific implementation: as shown in fig. 1, the air outlet channel of the fan chamber 9 between the air outlet position of the tunnel axial flow fan 13 and the tunnel main tunnel 3 is provided with a reduced cross-section structure, that is, the partial or whole structural cross-section size of the air outlet channel gradually reduces from the air outlet position of the tunnel axial flow fan 13 to the tunnel main tunnel 3, so that the flow velocity of the air flow blown into the tunnel main tunnel 3 by the tunnel axial flow fan 13 is further increased, the kinetic energy thereof is further increased, and the smoke-proof air speed and the air supply effect at the tunnel main tunnel mouth 2 are improved.
The transverse passage 4 and the air supply duct 7 are arranged in the same direction, and under the condition that engineering practice is met, the transverse passage 4 and the air supply duct 7 are arranged at an included angle with the tunnel main tunnel 3 at a certain angle, so that the total mileage of the transverse passage 4 and the air supply duct 7 of the rescue station can be shortened, and ventilation resistance and civil engineering investment are reduced. The fan room 9 and the tunnel main tunnel 3 can be arranged in an included angle with a certain angle, so that kinetic energy loss caused by impact of blown air flow on the tunnel wall is reduced, and smoke-proof wind speed and uniformity of the smoke-proof wind speed at the tunnel main tunnel opening 2 are improved; the included angle between the fan room 9 and the tunnel main tunnel 3 is preferably not more than 35 degrees.
The transverse channel 4, the air supply duct 7 and the fan room 8 are arranged on two sides of the tunnel main tunnel 3 along the tunnel main tunnel 3, so that more reasonable evacuation paths are provided for trains running in different directions.
Although the conception and the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the drawings, those skilled in the art will recognize that various changes and modifications can be made therein without departing from the scope of the appended claims, and therefore, the description thereof is not repeated herein.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a railway tunnel entrance to a cave is concentrated and is blown in formula disaster prevention ventilation system, sets up the tunnel positive hole department in the open-line section both sides of tunnel entrance to a cave type rescue station which characterized in that: a group of transverse channels, an air supply duct and a fan chamber are respectively arranged on two sides of the tunnel main tunnel, the transverse channels are communicated with the tunnel main tunnel and a ground outlet, the air supply duct is arranged above the transverse channels and is separated from the transverse channels, and the air supply duct is communicated with the fan chamber; the tunnel axial flow fan is arranged in the fan chamber, the air supply channel supplies air to the tunnel positive tunnel mouth through the tunnel positive tunnel, the wall type axial flow fan is arranged in the transverse channel, and the wall type axial flow fan supplies air to the tunnel positive tunnel through the transverse channel.
2. The centralized blowing-in type disaster prevention ventilation system for the railway tunnel portal according to claim 1, characterized in that: the transverse channel comprises a smoke prevention front chamber and an evacuation channel which are sequentially arranged along the direction of an evacuation line, wherein the smoke prevention front chamber is communicated with the tunnel main tunnel, and the evacuation channel is communicated with the ground outlet hole; and the wall type axial flow fan supplies air to the tunnel main tunnel direction from the transverse channel through the smoke prevention front chamber.
3. The centralized blowing-in type disaster prevention ventilation system for the railway tunnel portal according to claim 2, characterized in that: the front side and the rear side of the smoke prevention front chamber along the direction of an evacuation line are respectively provided with a smoke prevention front chamber partition wall, the smoke prevention front chamber partition wall is provided with a protective door, and the wall type axial flow fan is arranged on the smoke prevention front chamber partition wall close to one side of the ground exit hole.
4. The centralized blowing-in type disaster prevention and ventilation system for the railway tunnel portal according to claim 3, characterized in that: and a pressure release valve is arranged on the partition wall of the smoke-proof front chamber close to one side of the ground outlet hole.
5. The centralized blowing-in type disaster prevention ventilation system for the railway tunnel portal according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a fan room partition wall is arranged at the air outlet position of the tunnel axial flow fan in the fan room.
6. The centralized blowing-in type disaster prevention ventilation system for the railway tunnel portal according to claim 1 or 5, wherein: and the fan room is close to the tunnel main hole and is provided with a steel bar grating.
7. The centralized blowing-in type disaster prevention and ventilation system for the railway tunnel portal according to claim 6, characterized in that: and the fan chamber is provided with a contraction section structure at an air outlet channel between an air outlet position of the tunnel axial flow fan and the tunnel main tunnel.
8. The centralized blowing-in type disaster prevention ventilation system for the railway tunnel portal according to claim 1, characterized in that: the air supply duct and the transverse channel are vertically separated by a concrete slab.
9. The centralized blowing-in type disaster prevention ventilation system for the railway tunnel portal according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fan room and the tunnel main tunnel are arranged at an included angle of a certain angle.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202221798721.8U CN218030257U (en) | 2022-07-13 | 2022-07-13 | Centralized blowing-in type disaster prevention ventilation system for railway tunnel portal |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202221798721.8U CN218030257U (en) | 2022-07-13 | 2022-07-13 | Centralized blowing-in type disaster prevention ventilation system for railway tunnel portal |
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| CN218030257U true CN218030257U (en) | 2022-12-13 |
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| CN202221798721.8U Active CN218030257U (en) | 2022-07-13 | 2022-07-13 | Centralized blowing-in type disaster prevention ventilation system for railway tunnel portal |
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