CN217912098U - Harmless recycling system for classifying domestic garbage of residential community on site - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a housing district building domestic waste is categorised harmless resourceful system in situ, include: a dry garbage recycling subsystem, a wet garbage recycling subsystem, a gas circulation treatment subsystem and a temperature and humidity control subsystem; the dry garbage recycling subsystem is used for preparing the dry garbage into solid fuel; the wet garbage recycling subsystem carries out biotransformation on wet garbage; the gas circulation treatment subsystem comprises a fan for extracting gas in the dry garbage recycling subsystem and the wet garbage recycling subsystem, and the temperature and humidity control subsystem and the fan jointly regulate the temperature and the humidity in the wet garbage recycling subsystem. The system thoroughly realizes the on-site classification and recycling of harmless household garbage through biotransformation and biomass derived fuel, and the garbage treatment process has no environmental pollution and high added value of recycled resources.

Description

Harmless recycling system for classifying domestic garbage of residential community on site

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a harmless resourceful treatment of rubbish technical field, specific theory relates to a housing estate and building domestic waste classification harmless resourceful system in place.

Background

At present, the urban domestic garbage is increased day by day, the domestic garbage has complex components, high water content and easy decay and degradation, the generated malodorous gas and exuded liquid seriously affect the surrounding living environment, and the treatment of the domestic garbage cannot be avoided.

The existing municipal solid waste treatment mainly adopts three centralized treatment modes of landfill, incineration and compost.

The garbage landfill is implemented by dividing a garbage landfill site into small units for landfill respectively, and the treatment process comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of cell scattered collection → centralized transportation → garbage discharge → garbage paving → garbage compaction → surface coverage (including HDPE daily coverage, middle coverage and final soil coverage) → vegetation restoration, and meanwhile, corresponding biogas collection and treatment systems and leachate collection and treatment systems need to be built; however, the landfill method is not thorough in harmlessness, a large amount of bacteria and viruses are left, hidden dangers of methane and heavy metal pollution exist, secondary pollution can be caused by garbage leakage liquid, the method is high in potential hazard, aftertroubles are left for the environment and the offspring, the landfill is forbidden in many developed countries, and the landfill of the garbage is gradually tightened in China.

The process of domestic waste incineration comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of scattered garbage collection → centralized closed transportation → weighing → unloading → garbage storage (proper and uniform, fermentation and partial leachate filtering) → charging → incineration → waste heat utilization → power generation, and household garbage incineration also needs to be matched with a filtrate collection and treatment system, a smoke treatment system and a slag and fly ash treatment system.

The garbage compost is a harmless treatment method mainly based on an aerobic process and mainly degrading and stabilizing organic matters by aerobic microorganisms in the presence of oxygen, and consists of the working procedures of pretreatment → main fermentation (primary fermentation/primary fermentation) → after-fermentation (secondary fermentation/secondary fermentation) → after-treatment, deodorization, storage and the like.

The three municipal refuse centralized treatment modes have the following main problems in different degrees:

(1) Mixing various wastes. Leading to higher risk of contamination or disposal costs;

(2) And suburb scale centralized treatment is adopted. The garbage smells due to untimely collection, transportation and treatment, the system construction scale is large, the investment is large, the occupied area is large, the transportation distance is long, the transportation cost is high, and the environment (odor, scattering, leachate leakage and the like) in the loading and transportation process is polluted;

(3) High management requirement and operation cost, low resource degree and added value thereof, and incomplete harmlessness. The items have poor hematopoietic function and depend on government subsidies for a long time to maintain operation.

From the above, the key to solve the above problems is to classify the domestic garbage from the source in the living area in situ and in time and to recycle high-valued resources. In recent years, in residential communities, in response to the demand for garbage classification, a plurality of labeled garbage cans are placed in main population moving positions in the residential communities to guide owner classification and delivery, and local classification processing is not performed. In order to classify and process the living garbage of the residential area from the source in situ and in time, a plurality of new technologies are developed and produced, and the technologies are divided into the following categories:

(1) And (5) volume reduction treatment. The method comprises the steps of realizing volume reduction through compression and realizing volume reduction through crushing and drying, such as the domestic garbage compression treatment from the source in situ as proposed in the technology of patent documents CN108529068B, CN211160092U, CN111319895A, CN210508246U, CN110230382A, CN206509074U, CN203512495U and the like; and the volume reduction of the household garbage is realized by crushing, classifying or drying as proposed by patent documents CN111906120A, CN111420771A, CN111203311A, CN209318410U, CN207538142U, CN207372024U and the like. The above documents can realize volume reduction of garbage and shipment efficiency at the time of collective collection, but the above three main problems are not fundamentally solved.

(2) The crushed material is discharged into a sewer after primary treatment. For example, the schemes proposed by patents CN211329760U and CN211100750U mainly solve the on-site treatment of part of wet garbage (kitchen garbage), which not only wastes resources and increases the difficulty of municipal sewage treatment, but also still has the problems of centralized collection and transportation and centralized treatment of dry garbage, and does not fundamentally solve the above-mentioned second and third problems.

(3) And (5) designing garbage classification and separate feeding stations. The method proposed in patent document CN111348943A, CN109081002A, CN103640828a, etc. solves the problems of in-situ dehydration, pulverization, oil extraction treatment and classification, but also cannot fundamentally solve the second and third problems mentioned above.

(4) And (4) performing biodegradation treatment. Anaerobic fermentation is used for producing biogas and composting, and patent documents CN211713104U, CN110862924A, CN208500926U, CN205188273U, CN203764631U, CN103466886A and the like mainly aim at kitchen waste (wet waste) in the household waste to produce biogas through fermentation, so that partial recycling of the household waste is realized, but dry waste still needs to be treated in a centralized manner, harmlessness and recycling are not thorough, and the recycling scale is small and the value is low; CN210966320U, CN210479726U, CN109772863B, CN109772863A, CN109772863B, CN209697702U, CN209144038U, CN102746035A and the like solve the problems of on-site treatment and fertilizer recycling, but still have the problem that the centralized collection and transportation and centralized treatment of dry garbage are difficult, and do not have the second and the third problems mentioned above fundamentally.

(5) And (4) treating wet garbage insects. The kitchen waste is treated by earthworms and cockroach insects through a designed device as proposed in patent document CN209711177U, so that the kitchen waste is recycled (animal protein and insect residue organic fertilizer), but the centralized collection and transportation treatment of dry waste still exists, and the second and third problems mentioned above are not fundamentally solved.

(6) And (5) performing supercritical oxidation treatment. The classification and the harmlessness achieved by adopting supercritical oxidation garbage as proposed in patent documents CN102641885a and CN102101122A, but the reaction conditions are harsh, the resources are wasted, and the system investment cost is high.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model discloses to the not enough of prior art existence, provide a categorised harmless resourceful system in place of residential quarter building domestic waste, this system thoroughly realizes harmless domestic waste's categorised resourceful on the spot through biotransformation and living beings derived fuel ization.

The utility model has the following concrete technical scheme:

a harmless recycling system for classifying domestic garbage of residential districts in situ comprises: a dry garbage recycling subsystem, a wet garbage recycling subsystem, a gas circulation treatment subsystem and a temperature and humidity control subsystem;

the dry garbage recycling subsystem comprises a hopper for receiving live dry garbage, a rolling mill, a first crusher, a dryer and a granulator, wherein a feed inlet of the rolling mill is connected with an output end of the hopper, an input end of the first crusher is connected with an output end of the rolling mill, an input end of the dryer is connected with an output end of the first crusher, an input end of the granulator is connected with an output end of the dryer, and the granulator outputs solid fuel;

the wet garbage recycling subsystem comprises a second crusher for receiving the domestic wet garbage, a squeezer connected with the output end of the second crusher, a fermentation tank connected with the output end of the squeezer, and a cultivation fertilizer output by the fermentation tank to a cultivation empty box for cultivating organisms in the cultivation empty box;

the gas circulation treatment subsystem comprises a fan for extracting gas in the dry garbage recycling subsystem and the wet garbage recycling subsystem, and the temperature and humidity control subsystem and the fan jointly regulate the temperature and the humidity in the wet garbage recycling subsystem.

Further, the septic tank is connected with the squeezer and used for receiving sewage generated after the squeezer squeezes.

Furthermore, larvae of the hermetia illucens breeding/processing base are arranged in the breeding empty box.

Further, the press is a screw press.

Has the advantages that:

the utility model provides a harmless recycling system for classifying domestic garbage of residential district building on site, which thoroughly realizes the on-site classification and recycling of harmless domestic garbage through biotransformation and biomass derived fuel, realizes that the domestic garbage can not leave the residential district, and avoids long-distance transportation, environmental pollution and high transportation cost; the utility model provides a system flow is short, and is simple in operation, sanitation workman drops into corresponding subsystem to the rubbish after the classification in the region can, the system is used conveniently, the clearance of rubbish in each region simultaneously is decided by the sanitation workman in this region, do not receive the restriction of concentrated clear transport vehicle, and refuse treatment process does not have environmental pollution, the added value of recovery resources is high, no long-distance transport cost, the expensive emission treatment cost of electricity generation of nothing burning, but greatly reduced financial subsidy, the system operation is sustainable, it is timely to handle, the processing is nimble, according to the regional pending rubbish volume of treating every day, the operation of system with close nimble, need not 24 hours uninterrupted operation.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the technical solutions in the prior art will be briefly described below. Throughout the drawings, like elements or portions are generally identified by like reference numerals. In the drawings, elements or portions are not necessarily drawn to scale.

Fig. 1 is the utility model discloses in a housing district building domestic waste classification harmless resourceful system structure chart in situ.

Fig. 2 is the utility model discloses in a residential quarter building domestic waste classification harmless recycling system flow chart in situ.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that all the directional indicators (such as upper, lower, left, right, front, and rear … …) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship between the components, the motion situation, etc. in a specific posture (as shown in the drawings), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indicator is changed accordingly.

In addition, descriptions in the present application as to "first", "second", and the like are for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicit to the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example 1

The embodiment provides a household garbage in-situ classification harmless recycling system for residential quarters, and the structure diagram can refer to fig. 1, and the system comprises a dry garbage recycling subsystem 1, a wet garbage recycling subsystem 2, a gas circulation treatment subsystem 3 and a temperature and humidity control subsystem 4; specifically, the dry garbage recycling subsystem 1 comprises a hopper 11 for receiving the domestic dry garbage, a rolling mill 12, a first crusher 13, a dryer 14 and a granulator 15, wherein a feed inlet of the rolling mill 12 is connected with an output end of the hopper 11, an input end of the first crusher 13 is connected with an output end of the rolling mill 12, an input end of the dryer 14 is connected with an output end of the first crusher 13, an input end of the granulator 15 is connected with an output end of the dryer 14, and the granulator 15 outputs the solid fuel;

in this embodiment, dry garbage enters a rolling mill 12 through a hopper 11, and is rolled and shredded into large pieces, fabric and other garbage, and then is crushed into small particles at a high speed by a first crusher 13, and then enters a small-sized dryer 14 for nearly moderate drying, so that the dryness of the crushed garbage is increased to 85% -90%, and then the garbage is made into particles or other shaped fuels by a forming machine in a granulator 15.

The wet garbage recycling subsystem 2 comprises a second crusher 21 for receiving the domestic wet garbage, a squeezer 22 connected with the output end of the second crusher 21, a fermentation tank 23 connected with the output end of the squeezer 22, and a cultivation fertilizer output by the fermentation tank 23 to a cultivation empty box 24 for cultivating organisms in the cultivation empty box;

in this embodiment, the wet garbage firstly enters the second pulverizer 21 for pulverization and refinement, then excessive moisture is squeezed out through a squeezer 22 such as a screw squeezer, dry residues are sent to a fermentation tank 23 for mesophilic fermentation for 24 hours, natural stink in the treatment process is avoided, the dry residues are cooled to normal temperature, and then the dry residues are sent to a cultivation empty box 24 of a hermetia illucens cultivation frame, of course, other larvae can be cultivated in other embodiments, larvae from a hermetia illucens cultivation/processing base are added into the cultivation empty box 24, the distributed garbage is treated in about 7-10 days, hermetia illucens grow into adults, the mature adults are insect proteins with extremely high value, the adult proteins are also high-grade organic fertilizers of biodiesel and cultivation feeds, and insect sand generated during the garbage treatment of the larvae can be made into organic fertilizers.

Preferably, a small amount of sewage is generated after the wet garbage is squeezed, and the sewage directly enters a septic tank under the building through a pipeline for treatment.

The gas circulation processing subsystem 3 comprises a plurality of fans, the fan 32 is used for extracting gas in the dry garbage recycling subsystem and the wet garbage recycling subsystem, and the temperature and humidity control subsystem and the fan 31 in the gas circulation processing subsystem 3 jointly adjust the temperature and the humidity in the wet garbage recycling subsystem.

Specifically, the dry waste recycling subsystem and the wet waste recycling subsystem have a small amount of odor, the systems are performed in a relatively closed environment in order to avoid influencing the environment, and the air is pumped out by the fan 32, treated by the air biological treatment system and then sent into the room for cyclic utilization, so that the influence of long-time untreated air on the environment is avoided; the temperature and humidity of the wet garbage bioconversion system can be adjusted by the fan 31 and the temperature and humidity control system to keep the indoor temperature and humidity of the part not too high or too low, generally the temperature is controlled to be 20-30 ℃, and the humidity is controlled to be 60-80%.

The system provided in the embodiment has the following characteristics:

(1) Timely treatment on site and no long-distance transportation: the domestic garbage is complex in components and high in water content, the large-scale centralized treatment and the collection and transportation cost reduction are realized, the untimely collection and transportation are easily caused, the accumulated land, the collection and transportation way and the unloading workshop are easily polluted, and after the domestic garbage in centralized areas such as a residential quarter and an office building is preliminarily classified according to the national requirements, the domestic garbage can timely enter the system to be treated on the spot, so that the cost and the environmental pollution caused by long-distance collection and transportation are avoided.

(2) Garbage classification recycling and harmless treatment: the dangerous garbage and the recoverable garbage after the preliminary classification are recovered and processed by qualified professional recovery and processing companies, the system of the utility model only processes other classified garbage (dry household garbage) and wet garbage (kitchen garbage) and respectively recycles the garbage according to respective value characteristics, thereby avoiding the difficulty of the mixed processing of the traditional technology; the derived fuel is obtained after the dry garbage is treated and can be used as fuel for a biomass boiler, and the heat of the dry garbage is fully utilized; the wet waste is converted into insect proteins by a bioconversion system. The two kinds of garbage are completely recycled and are non-toxic and harmless.

(3) The treatment process has no environmental pollution: the garbage is treated in time on site, and the odor of a garbage collection point is small; the treatment environment is closed, and the gas is circularly treated by the biological deodorization system, so that a small amount of odor is avoided; a small amount of sewage generated in the process of pressing the treated wet garbage is discharged into an underground septic tank of a building for treatment, and the sewage discharge amount in the whole process is small; after the two kinds of garbage are subjected to resource treatment, the derived fuel, the insect protein and the insect sand (organic fertilizer) are obtained, and no solid waste is discharged.

(4) The added value of the recycled resources is high: the heat value of the derived fuel obtained by recycling the two types of garbage through the system of the utility model is greatly higher than that of the existing mixed garbage, the derived fuel can be combusted without adding extra fire coal, the emission in the combustion process is easy to reach the standard, the derived fuel is greatly superior to the existing mixed garbage incineration, and the market value is high; after the wet garbage is biologically converted into insect protein, the wet garbage can be directly used as feed for livestock and poultry breeding and aquaculture, can also be used as raw materials of biodiesel, animal protein powder, other biological products and the like, and has wide application and very high market value. The value is obviously higher than the value of the recycled resources under the traditional technology.

(5) The system has small occupied area, small investment and flexible operation: the system of the utility model can be flexibly designed and arranged beside the underground garage according to the scale size, large-scale pollution treatment equipment investment is not needed, and the investment of unit garbage treatment capacity is less than that of other treatment technologies such as garbage incineration and the like; the processing capacity is small, the equipment is small, the flow is short, and therefore the occupied area is relatively small; after the daily garbage amount in the area is processed, the system can be closed without uninterrupted operation for 24 hours; the derived fuel obtained by recovery can be sold regularly, and the insect protein imagoes can be directly sent to a set concentration area for concentrated processing.

Example 2

Based on the system in embodiment 1, the present embodiment provides a harmless recycling system for classifying domestic garbage of residential building in situ, and with reference to fig. 2, the system includes the following steps:

s1: receiving living dry garbage, rolling, crushing, drying and granulating to obtain solid fuel;

in the step, the dry garbage recycling subsystem receives the domestic dry garbage, and rolls and shreds the garbage such as large blocks, fabrics and the like in the domestic dry garbage; then crushing the waste into small dry granular garbage at a high speed by a crusher and drying the garbage; and preparing the dried small-particle dry garbage into solid fuel.

S2: receiving wet household garbage, and crushing, squeezing and biotransformation;

in the embodiment, the wet garbage recycling subsystem 2 receives the domestic wet garbage, crushes and refines the domestic wet garbage, and then performs spiral squeezing to extrude excessive water; carrying out medium-temperature fermentation on the wet household garbage with the squeezed water, cooling and then sending into a cultivation empty box; the larva in the cultivation empty box treats the fermented domestic wet garbage and grows into imagoes.

S3: in the processes of the steps S1 and S2, gas is pumped out through a fan and recycled after being subjected to gas biological treatment;

in the process of the steps S1 and S2, a small amount of odor exists, the system is carried out in a relatively closed environment in order to avoid influencing the environment, the air is pumped out by the fan 32, treated by the gas biological treatment system and then sent into the chamber for cyclic utilization, and the influence of the gas on the environment due to the fact that the gas is not treated for a long time is avoided;

s4: in the process of the step S2, the environment temperature and the humidity are adjusted through the fan and the temperature control system.

In the process of the step S2, the temperature and humidity of the indoor environment can be adjusted by the fan 31 and the temperature and humidity control system to maintain the temperature and humidity of the indoor environment not too high or too low, generally the temperature is controlled to be 20-30 ℃, and the humidity is controlled to be 60-80%.

The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should be construed as being included in the scope of the claims and description of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. The utility model provides a harmless resourceful system of residential quarter building domestic waste classification in situ which characterized in that includes: a dry garbage recycling subsystem, a wet garbage recycling subsystem, a gas circulation treatment subsystem and a temperature and humidity control subsystem;

the dry garbage recycling subsystem comprises a hopper for receiving live dry garbage, a rolling mill, a first crusher, a dryer and a granulator, wherein a feed inlet of the rolling mill is connected with an output end of the hopper, an input end of the first crusher is connected with an output end of the rolling mill, an input end of the dryer is connected with an output end of the first crusher, an input end of the granulator is connected with an output end of the dryer, and the granulator outputs solid fuel;

the wet garbage recycling subsystem comprises a second crusher for receiving the domestic wet garbage, a squeezer connected with the output end of the second crusher, a fermentation tank connected with the output end of the squeezer, and a cultivation fertilizer output by the fermentation tank to a cultivation empty box for cultivating organisms in the cultivation empty box;

the gas circulation treatment subsystem comprises a fan for extracting gas in the dry garbage recycling subsystem and the wet garbage recycling subsystem, and the temperature and humidity control subsystem and the fan jointly regulate the temperature and the humidity in the wet garbage recycling subsystem.

2. The system as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a septic tank connected to the squeezing machine for receiving the sewage generated by the squeezing machine.

3. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cultivation empty box is provided with larvae of hermetia illucens cultivation/processing base.

4. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the press is a screw press.

Images