CN217719688U - Arrangement structure of air compressor for fuel cell - Google Patents
Arrangement structure of air compressor for fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN217719688U CN217719688U CN202221658645.0U CN202221658645U CN217719688U CN 217719688 U CN217719688 U CN 217719688U CN 202221658645 U CN202221658645 U CN 202221658645U CN 217719688 U CN217719688 U CN 217719688U
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Abstract
An arrangement structure of an air compressor for a fuel cell comprises an electric compressor, a turbo compressor, an intercooler and a fuel cell reactor; the electric compressor and the turbo compressor are connected in series; the electric compressor comprises a motor, a primary compressor and a secondary compressor; one end of an output shaft of the motor is connected with a first-stage compressor, and the other end of the output shaft of the motor is connected with a second-stage compressor; the first-stage compressor is connected with the second-stage compressor in series; the turbocompressor comprises a three-stage compressor, a turbine and an air bearing; the output shaft of the turbine is connected with a three-stage compressor through an air bearing; and the compressed air from the three-stage compressor enters an intercooler for cooling, then enters the fuel cell reactor, and chemically reacts with hydrogen to generate electricity and water, and the exhaust gas discharged from the fuel cell reactor is absorbed by a turbine. An air compressor's arrangement structure for fuel cell, guarantee that turbocompressor can move high rotational speed, improve the compression ratio of turbine, make it do more work.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an air compressor machine technical field, concretely relates to air compressor's arrangement structure for fuel cell.
Background
The proton exchange membrane type fuel cell system is a high-efficiency clean new energy power system, an air compressor compresses air into high-pressure air, the high-pressure air is sent to a cathode of a fuel cell, oxygen in the air and hydrogen at an anode are subjected to electrochemical reaction, generated products are electricity and water, part of heat is discharged to the atmosphere along with redundant air, and except for the fact that other products polluting the environment do not exist, the fuel cell power system is very clean and environment-friendly, and hydrogen has a plurality of manufacturing methods, belongs to clean renewable energy sources, and at present, all countries in the world greatly promote the development and popularization of the hydrogen fuel cell power system.
In order to recycle the energy in the high-pressure exhaust gas of the fuel cell, an air compressor with a turbo-expander is currently available, that is, the turbo-expander recovers the energy of the exhaust gas and assists the motor to drive the compressor, so that the power requirement of the motor can be reduced, and the efficiency of the fuel cell system can be significantly improved. However, the turbo expander occupies one position in the original two-stage compressor, so that the air compressor with the turbo expander is limited by the stability of the bearing, and only a single-stage compressor can be adopted. Since the upper limit of the rotational speed of most high-speed motors currently can only reach 12 ten thousand revolutions, the single-stage compressor solution with turboexpander is still limited in its ability to cover the power range and is not suitable for high-power fuel cell stacks.
At present, the application range of the fuel cell mainly focuses on the field of light commercial vehicles, such as buses, logistics vehicles, trucks and the like, and the power of the electric pile required by heavy commercial vehicles, such as heavy trucks, muck vehicles, heavy machinery and the like, is much larger than that of the light commercial vehicles, so the pressure and flow requirements of the air compressor are also much larger. The existing single-stage compressor, two-stage compressor and single-stage compressor with expander can not meet the requirements. If the motor power and the size of the air compressor are continuously improved to meet the requirements of the galvanic pile, many difficulties are caused, for example, low-load and high-load working conditions cannot be considered, the motor power is too high, the surge margin is insufficient, and the like, so that the popularization difficulty is high, the cost is high, and the feasibility is not strong.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of the defects existing in the prior art, the utility model aims at providing an air compressor's for fuel cell arrangement structure adopts air bearing's structure with turbocompressor, guarantees that turbocompressor can move high rotational speed, improves the compression ratio of turbine, makes it do more work, is equipped with the bypass structure simultaneously to guarantee that air bearing can stably rotate when the low-load, improve the life of air bearing and air compressor machine.
In order to realize that the above-mentioned compression ratio that improves the turbine makes it do more work and improve the life's of air bearing, air compressor machine purpose, the utility model discloses a following technical scheme can realize:
an arrangement structure of an air compressor for a fuel cell includes an electric compressor, a turbo compressor, an intercooler, and a fuel cell reactor; the electric compressor and the turbo compressor are connected in series; the electric compressor comprises a motor, a primary compressor and a secondary compressor; one end of an output shaft of the motor is connected with a first-stage compressor, and the other end of the motor is connected with a second-stage compressor; the first-stage compressor is connected with the second-stage compressor in series; the turbocompressor comprises a three-stage compressor, a turbine and an air bearing; the output shaft of the turbine is connected with a three-stage compressor through an air bearing; the air compressed by the first-stage compressor enters the second-stage compressor and is compressed in the second-stage compressor, the compressed air from the second-stage compressor enters the third-stage compressor and is compressed in the third-stage compressor, the compressed air from the third-stage compressor enters the intercooler for cooling and then enters the fuel cell reactor, part of oxygen and hydrogen chemically react to generate electricity and water, and the rest of the compressed air discharged from the fuel cell reactor is absorbed by the turbine.
An arrangement structure of air compressor for fuel cell, be the air compressor unit that an electronic two-stage compressor and turbocompressor establish ties and constitute, can realize higher big compression ratio and bigger flow, set up turbocompressor and adopt air bearing's structure, air bearing can support the pivot and lubricate, guarantee that turbocompressor can move high rotational speed, thereby improve the compression ratio of turbine, make it do more works, waste gas energy is retrieved to the turbine simultaneously, the tertiary compressor of auxiliary drive, improve air compressor's energy-conservation nature, reduce holistic unit energy consumption.
Further, an arrangement structure of an air compressor for a fuel cell further comprises a bypass connecting pipe with a bypass valve; one end of the bypass connecting pipe is connected with an air outlet of the second-stage compressor or the third-stage compressor, and the other end of the bypass connecting pipe is connected with an air inlet of the turbine. Through above-mentioned technical scheme, set up the bypass connecting pipe help air bearing of taking the bypass valve and can stably rotate, open the bypass valve, with the air inlet of the direct leading-in turbine of partial compressed air, make air bearing reach the minimum rotational speed of stable rotation at least, play lubricated and supported effect to air bearing and air compressor's whole life has been improved.
Further, an air filter is arranged at the inlet of the electric compressor; the air outlet of the air filter is connected with the air inlet of the primary compressor through a connecting pipe. Through above-mentioned technical scheme, be equipped with empty filter in order to filter the impurity in the air.
Furthermore, one end of the fuel cell reactor is connected with a cathode in parallel, and the other end of the fuel cell reactor is connected with an anode in parallel; compressed air cooled by the intercooler enters the fuel cell reactor through the air inlet of the cathode, and the air outlet of the cathode is connected with the air inlet of the turbine through the exhaust pipe; the air inlet of the anode is connected with a hydrogen pipe. Through above-mentioned technical scheme, the compressed air with intercooler cooling truns into the electric energy, reduces holistic fuel cell's unit energy consumption, passes through the blast pipe simultaneously with waste gas and gets into the turbine to reduce the electric energy consumption of air compressor machine, improve the power density of fuel cell reactor.
Further, the electric compressor also comprises a first-stage connecting pipe; one end of the first-stage connecting pipe is connected with the gas outlet of the first-stage compressor, and the other end of the first-stage connecting pipe is connected with the gas inlet of the second-stage compressor.
Further, the turbocompressor also comprises a secondary connecting pipe; one end of the second-stage connecting pipe is connected with the air outlet of the second-stage compressor, and the other end of the second-stage connecting pipe is connected with the air inlet of the third-stage compressor.
Further, the exhaust gas of the turbo compressor is discharged to the atmosphere from the outlet of the turbine.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model provides an air compressor's arrangement structure for fuel cell possesses following beneficial effect:
1. an arrangement structure of air compressor for fuel cell, be the air compressor unit that an electronic two-stage compressor and turbocompressor establish ties and constitute, can realize higher big compression ratio and bigger flow, it adopts air bearing's structure to set up turbocompressor, air bearing can support the countershaft and lubricate, guarantee that turbocompressor can move high rotational speed, thereby improve the compression ratio of turbine, make it do more work, exhaust energy is retrieved to the turbine simultaneously, the tertiary compressor of auxiliary drive, the energy-conservation nature of air compressor is improved, reduce holistic unit energy consumption.
2. And simultaneously, the utility model provides a pair of air compressor's for fuel cell arrangement structure sets up the bypass connecting pipe help air bearing who takes the bypass valve and can stably rotate, opens the bypass valve, with the air inlet of the direct leading-in turbine of partial compressed air, makes air bearing reach at least and stabilizes the minimum rotational speed of pivoted, plays lubricated and supported effect to air bearing and air compressor's whole life has been improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an arrangement structure of an air compressor for a fuel cell according to embodiment 1;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of an arrangement structure of an air compressor for a fuel cell according to embodiment 2;
in the figure: air filter 1, connection pipe 11, motor 21, primary compressor 22, secondary compressor 23, primary connection pipe 24, tertiary compressor 31, turbine 32, secondary connection pipe 33, air bearing 34, intercooler 4, fuel cell reactor 5, cathode 6, anode 7, hydrogen pipe 71, bypass valve 8, bypass connection pipe 9.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are intended to illustrate the technical solutions of the invention more clearly and are not to be construed as a limitation.
Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein should be understood as having the ordinary meaning as understood by those of ordinary skill in the art. The use of "first," "second," and similar terms in the description herein do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather the terms are used to distinguish one element from another. The word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, means that the element or item listed before the word covers the element or item listed after the word and its equivalents, but does not exclude other elements or items. The terms "connected" or "coupled" and the like are not restricted to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are used merely to indicate relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of the object being described is changed, the relative positional relationships may also be changed accordingly.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment 1 provides an arrangement structure of an air compressor for a fuel cell, including an electric compressor, a turbo compressor, an intercooler 4, and a fuel cell reactor 5; the electric compressor and the turbo compressor are connected in series; the electric compressor comprises a motor 21, a first-stage compressor 22, a second-stage compressor 23 and a first-stage connecting pipe 24; one end of an output shaft of the motor 21 is connected with a primary compressor 22, and the other end of the motor 21 is connected with a secondary compressor 23; the primary compressor 22 and the secondary compressor 23 are connected in series; one end of the first-stage connecting pipe 24 is connected with the air outlet of the first-stage compressor 22, and the other end of the first-stage connecting pipe 24 is connected with the air inlet of the second-stage compressor 23; the turbo compressor includes a three-stage compressor 31, a turbine 32, a two-stage connection pipe 33, and an air bearing 34; the output shaft of the turbine 32 is connected to the three-stage compressor 31 through an air bearing 34; one end of the second-stage connecting pipe 33 is connected with the air outlet of the second-stage compressor 23, and the other end of the second-stage connecting pipe 33 is connected with the air inlet of the third-stage compressor 31; the turbo compressor exhaust is discharged to the atmosphere from the outlet of the turbine 32.
Specifically, the air compressed by the first-stage compressor 22 enters the second-stage compressor 23, is compressed in the second-stage compressor 23, the compressed air from the second-stage compressor 23 enters the third-stage compressor 31, is compressed in the third-stage compressor 31, the compressed air from the third-stage compressor 31 enters the intercooler 4 for cooling, and then enters the fuel cell reactor 5, part of the oxygen chemically reacts with the hydrogen to generate electricity and water, and the rest of the compressed air discharged from the fuel cell reactor 5 is absorbed by the turbine 32.
Further, an arrangement structure of an air compressor for a fuel cell further comprises a bypass connecting pipe 9 with a bypass valve 8; one end of the bypass connecting pipe 9 is connected with the air outlet of the secondary compressor 23, and the other end of the bypass connecting pipe 9 is connected with the air inlet of the turbine 32.
Specifically, the bypass valve 8 is opened to direct a portion of the compressed air directly into the intake of the turbine 32 to bring the air bearing 34 to at least the minimum rotational speed for stable rotation.
Further, an air filter 1 is arranged at the inlet of the electric compressor; the air outlet of the air filter 1 is connected to the air inlet of the primary compressor 22 through a connecting pipe 11.
Further, one end of the fuel cell reactor 5 is connected in parallel with a cathode 6, and the other end of the fuel cell reactor 5 is connected in parallel with an anode 7; the compressed air cooled by the intercooler 4 enters the fuel cell reactor 5 through the air inlet of the cathode 6, and the air outlet of the cathode 6 is connected with the air inlet of the turbine 32 through the exhaust pipe 61; the inlet of the anode 7 is connected to a hydrogen pipe 71.
In the present embodiment 1, when the fuel cell reactor 5 is in a low load condition, the air passes through the air filter 1 to remove impurities, enters the primary compressor 22, the air compressed by the primary compressor 22 enters the secondary compressor 23, is compressed in the secondary compressor 23, the compressed air from the secondary compressor 23 enters the tertiary compressor 31, is compressed in the tertiary compressor 31, the compressed air from the tertiary compressor 31 enters the intercooler 4 for cooling, and then enters the fuel cell reactor 5 through the air inlet of the cathode 6, part of the oxygen and hydrogen chemically react to generate electricity and water, the rest of the compressed air discharged from the fuel cell reactor 5 is connected to the air inlet of the turbine 32 through the exhaust pipe 61, since the stack discharge flow and pressure are low at the time of the low load condition of the fuel cell reactor 5, the discharge flow is not enough to drive the turbine 32 above the minimum rotational speed for stable rotation, and if the fuel cell reactor operates below the minimum rotational speed for a long time, the life of the air bearing 34 is affected, the bypass valve 8 is opened, the compressed air discharged from the secondary compressor 23 directly into the turbine 32, and the bypass valve 8 controls the opening of the secondary compressor to help increase the rotational speed of the turbine 32, and the secondary compressor to ensure the rotational speed of the secondary compressor 23 is not to be stable rotation, and the exhaust gas discharged from the secondary compressor 22, the secondary compressor, the air compressor.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 2, the present embodiment 2 provides an arrangement structure of an air compressor for a fuel cell, which differs from the structure of embodiment 1 in that: the embodiment 2 is suitable for use in a low load condition in the fuel cell reactor 5, the bypass valve 8 is opened to directly introduce the compressed air discharged from the tertiary compressor 31 into the turbine 32, so as to help the turbine 32 to drive at least to a minimum rotational speed for stable rotation, thereby prolonging the service life of the air bearing 34 and the turbine 32, and meanwhile, in order to ensure that the flow rate of the gas entering the fuel cell reactor 5 is not changed, the rotational speed of the tertiary compressor 31 needs to be increased, and the compression ratio and the flow rate obtained by the tertiary compressor 31 are increased to compensate the bypassed compressed air.
Example 3
In the arrangement structure of the air compressor for fuel cell provided in this embodiment 3, when the stack exhaust flow and pressure are sufficient to drive the turbine 32 to rotate stably above the minimum rotational speed, even at a very high rotational speed, in the fuel cell reactor 5 under a high load condition, the bypass valve 8 is closed, so that the compressed air enters the fuel cell reactor 5 through the air inlet of the cathode 6, part of the oxygen chemically reacts with the hydrogen entering from the hydrogen pipe 71 to generate electricity and water, and the rest of the compressed air discharged from the fuel cell reactor 5 enters the turbine 32 through the exhaust pipe 61, so as to raise the upper rotational speed limit of the turbine 32 through the air bearing 34, thereby helping the turbine 32 to achieve a higher compression ratio, doing more work, and discharging the exhaust gas from the air outlet of the turbine 32 to the atmosphere.
The above embodiments are exemplary and are intended to illustrate the technical concept and features of the present invention so that those skilled in the art can understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention cannot be limited thereby. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. An arrangement structure of an air compressor for a fuel cell, characterized in that: comprises an electric compressor, a turbo compressor, an intercooler (4) and a fuel cell reactor (5); the electric compressor and the turbo compressor are connected in series; the electric compressor comprises an electric motor (21), a primary compressor (22) and a secondary compressor (23); one end of an output shaft of the motor (21) is connected with a primary compressor (22), and the other end of the motor (21) is connected with a secondary compressor (23); the primary compressor (22) and the secondary compressor (23) are connected in series; the turbocompressor comprises a three-stage compressor (31), a turbine (32) and an air bearing (34); the output shaft of the turbine (32) is connected with a three-stage compressor (31) through an air bearing (34); the air compressed by the primary compressor (22) enters the secondary compressor (23) and is compressed in the secondary compressor (23), the compressed air from the secondary compressor (23) enters the tertiary compressor (31) and is compressed in the tertiary compressor (31), the compressed air from the tertiary compressor (31) enters the intercooler (4) for cooling and cooling, then enters the fuel cell reactor (5), part of oxygen and hydrogen chemically react to generate electricity and water, and the rest of the compressed air discharged from the fuel cell reactor (5) is absorbed by the turbine (32).
2. The arrangement structure of the air compressor for a fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein: the device also comprises a bypass connecting pipe (9) with a bypass valve (8); one end of the bypass connecting pipe (9) is connected with an air outlet of the secondary compressor (23) or the tertiary compressor (31), and the other end of the bypass connecting pipe (9) is connected with an air inlet of the turbine (32).
3. The arrangement structure of the air compressor for the fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein: an air filter (1) is also arranged at the inlet of the electric compressor; the air outlet of the air filter (1) is connected with the air inlet of the primary compressor (22) through a connecting pipe (11).
4. The arrangement structure of the air compressor for a fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein: one end of the fuel cell reactor (5) is connected with a cathode (6) in parallel, and the other end of the fuel cell reactor (5) is connected with an anode (7) in parallel; compressed air cooled by the intercooler (4) enters the fuel cell reactor (5) through the air inlet of the cathode (6), and the air outlet of the cathode (6) is connected with the air inlet of the turbine (32) through the exhaust pipe (61); the air inlet of the anode (7) is connected with a hydrogen pipe (71).
5. The arrangement structure of the air compressor for the fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein: the electric compressor further comprises a primary connecting pipe (24); one end of the first-stage connecting pipe (24) is connected with an air outlet of the first-stage compressor (22), and the other end of the first-stage connecting pipe (24) is connected with an air inlet of the second-stage compressor (23).
6. The arrangement structure of the air compressor for the fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein: the turbocompressor further comprises a secondary connecting pipe (33); and one end of the second-stage connecting pipe (33) is connected with an air outlet of the second-stage compressor (23), and the other end of the second-stage connecting pipe (33) is connected with an air inlet of the third-stage compressor (31).
7. The arrangement structure of the air compressor for a fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein: the exhaust gas of the turbocompressor is discharged from the outlet of the turbine (32) into the atmosphere.
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| CN202221658645.0U CN217719688U (en) | 2022-06-29 | 2022-06-29 | Arrangement structure of air compressor for fuel cell |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117072463A (en) * | 2023-09-05 | 2023-11-17 | 南京磁谷科技股份有限公司 | Multistage magnetic suspension centrifugal air compressor, design and use method |
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2022
- 2022-06-29 CN CN202221658645.0U patent/CN217719688U/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117072463A (en) * | 2023-09-05 | 2023-11-17 | 南京磁谷科技股份有限公司 | Multistage magnetic suspension centrifugal air compressor, design and use method |
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