CN217578787U - Energy-saving pulverized coal hydrogenation gasification furnace - Google Patents
Energy-saving pulverized coal hydrogenation gasification furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN217578787U CN217578787U CN202221635748.5U CN202221635748U CN217578787U CN 217578787 U CN217578787 U CN 217578787U CN 202221635748 U CN202221635748 U CN 202221635748U CN 217578787 U CN217578787 U CN 217578787U
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Abstract
The invention discloses an energy-saving pulverized coal hydrogenation gasification furnace, which comprises a closed barrel-type furnace body, wherein a gasification reaction zone, a first semicoke cooling chamber, a first air chamber, a second semicoke cooling chamber and a second air chamber are arranged in the furnace body from top to bottom. Has the advantages that: the fluidized gas is sent out to the semicoke, the blockage of a coke discharge pipeline is avoided, the fluidized gas exchanges heat with the high-temperature semicoke, the system shutdown caused by the damage of a heat exchange tube of a semicoke cooler is avoided, the production system is enabled to run safely and stably, the temperature of the normal-temperature hydrogen is raised through the hydrogen heating furnace and the heat exchange with the high-temperature semicoke respectively, the workload of the hydrogen heating furnace is reduced, and the energy consumption is reduced; the fluidized gas recovers the heat energy carried by the high-temperature semicoke while finishing the semicoke conveying, thereby improving the heat energy utilization rate and the effective economic benefit of the system.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the utility model belongs to the technical field of coal gasification, concretely relates to energy-conserving fine coal hydrogenation gasification stove.
Background art:
the hydro-gasification reaction refers to a process of reacting a carbon-containing compound with hydrogen under the conditions of high temperature and high pressure to generate crude gas rich in methane, an aromatic oil product with high added value and semicoke with high heat value. In order to improve the yield of the methane and the aromatic hydrocarbon oil product, the hydro-gasification reaction needs to be carried out in a hydrogen-rich environment, so that hydrogen is needed to be introduced into the gasification furnace along with oxygen and coal powder, and the hydrogen not only serves as reaction gas, but also serves as system circulating gas to ensure that the gasification reaction is carried out in the hydrogen-rich environment.
The existing hydrogenation gasification furnace is provided with a reaction section and a semicoke collection section, semicoke and synthesis gas generated in the reaction section downwards enter the semicoke collection section and then are subjected to gas-solid separation, the synthesis gas is discharged from the gasification furnace from the middle upper part of the gasification furnace, is subjected to primary purification through a cyclone separator and then is subjected to heat energy recovery through a waste heat boiler, and the synthesis gas at a relatively low temperature enters a crude gas filter for secondary purification and then is sent to an oil recovery and methane recovery section; the high-temperature semicoke enters a semicoke cooler for cooling through a coke discharge pipe at the bottom of the gasification furnace under the action of gravity, and the cooled semicoke is depressurized and delivered through a semicoke lock hopper system. After oil recovery and methane recovery are carried out on the synthesis gas, the residual components (including hydrogen, carbon monoxide and non-condensable gas) enter a PSA hydrogen production system for hydrogen purification, and the purified hydrogen is compressed by a hydrogen compressor, then is sent into a hydrogen heating furnace for heating, and then enters a gasification furnace through a nozzle.
In the design of the original gasification furnace, high-temperature semicoke produced by the gasification furnace enters a semicoke cooler for cooling through a semicoke discharging pipeline at the bottom of the gasification furnace under the action of gravity, and a heat exchange pipe of the semicoke cooler is easy to wear and leak to cause system shutdown; the semicoke automatically enters the semicoke discharging pipeline under the action of gravity, so that the discharging speed of the semicoke cannot be controlled, the semicoke discharging pipeline is easy to block, the gasification furnace needs to be operated under reduced load, even the gasification furnace needs to be stopped, the safe and stable operation of the gasification furnace is seriously influenced, and the continuous production of the system is also seriously restricted. In addition, the high-temperature semicoke is discharged from the gasification furnace and then is cooled by a semicoke cooler, so that the heat energy of the high-temperature semicoke cannot be recovered, and the waste of the heat energy is caused. Before entering the furnace, the hydrogen serving as the system circulating gas needs to be heated in a hydrogen heating furnace and then sent into the gasification furnace, so that the energy consumption is high.
The utility model has the following contents:
the utility model aims at providing an energy-conserving fine coal hydrogenation gasification stove.
The utility model discloses implement by following technical scheme: an energy-saving pulverized coal hydrogenation gasification furnace comprises a closed barrel-type furnace body, wherein a gasification reaction zone, a first semicoke cooling chamber, a first air chamber, a second semicoke cooling chamber and a second air chamber are arranged in the furnace body from top to bottom;
the gasification reaction zone and the first semicoke cooling chamber are separated by a necking pipe fixedly arranged in the furnace body; the first semicoke cooling chamber and the first air chamber are separated by a first gas distributor fixed in the furnace body; the first air chamber and the second semicoke cooling chamber are separated by a partition plate fixed in the furnace body; the second semicoke cooling chamber and the second air chamber are separated by a second gas distributor fixed in the furnace body;
a nozzle is arranged on the furnace body at the top of the gasification reaction zone; the nozzle is respectively communicated with the gas outlet of the hydrogen heating furnace, the oxygen gas source and the pulverized coal bin;
a synthetic gas outlet and a semicoke feed opening are formed in the furnace body corresponding to the first semicoke cooling chamber, and the synthetic gas outlet is formed above the semicoke feed opening; a medium-temperature fluidizing gas inlet is formed in the furnace body corresponding to the first air chamber; a medium-temperature fluidizing gas outlet, a semicoke outlet and a semicoke inlet are formed in the furnace body corresponding to the second semicoke cooling chamber, the semicoke outlet is arranged above the semicoke inlet, and the medium-temperature fluidizing gas outlet is arranged above the semicoke outlet; a normal-temperature fluidizing gas inlet is formed in the furnace body at the bottom of the second gas chamber;
the semicoke feeding port is communicated with the semicoke inlet through a semicoke feeding pipe; the medium-temperature fluidizing gas outlet is communicated with the medium-temperature fluidizing gas inlet; and the semicoke outlet is communicated with the inlet of the semicoke lock hopper.
Preferably, the upper section of the neck pipe is funnel-shaped, the middle section of the neck pipe is vertical tubular, the lower section of the neck pipe is bell-mouthed, and a gap is reserved between the edge of the bell-mouthed pipe and the furnace body.
Preferably, the synthesis gas outlet is arranged on the furnace body corresponding to the middle section of the necking pipe.
Preferably, the feeding end of the semicoke blanking pipe is arranged in a downward inclined mode, and the discharging end of the semicoke blanking pipe is of an arc-shaped structure.
Preferably, the normal-temperature fluidizing gas inlet is communicated with a normal-temperature hydrogen gas source.
Preferably, the device also comprises a filter, a feed inlet of the filter is communicated with the medium-temperature fluidizing gas outlet, an air outlet of the filter is communicated with the medium-temperature fluidizing gas inlet, and a slag discharge port of the filter is communicated with an inlet of the semicoke lock hopper.
Preferably, the top of the filter is provided with a back-blowing inlet, and the back-blowing inlet is communicated with a normal-temperature hydrogen gas source.
Preferably, the normal-temperature hydrogen source is a PSA hydrogen production system.
The utility model has the advantages that: 1. the fluidized gas is adopted to send the semicoke outwards, so that the blockage of a coke discharge pipeline is avoided; 2. the fluidized gas directly exchanges heat with high-temperature semicoke in the gasification furnace, so that system shutdown caused by damage of a heat exchange tube of a semicoke cooler and the like is avoided, and safe and stable operation of a production system is ensured; 3. hydrogen serving as system circulating gas is divided into two parts and enters the gasification furnace, one part of the hydrogen enters the gasification furnace through the nozzle after being heated by the hydrogen heating furnace, the other part of the hydrogen directly enters the gasification furnace through a normal-temperature fluidizing gas inlet at the bottom of the gasification furnace and is heated through heat exchange with high-temperature semicoke, and the part of the hydrogen is not heated by the hydrogen heating furnace, so that the work load of the hydrogen heating furnace is reduced, and the energy consumption of heating the circulating gas by the hydrogen heating furnace is further reduced; 4. the normal-temperature hydrogen is used as the fluidizing gas, and the heat energy carried by the high-temperature semicoke is recovered and brought into a subsequent heat energy recovery system for recycling while the semicoke conveying is completed, so that the utilization rate of the heat energy is improved, and the effective economic benefit of the system is further improved.
Description of the drawings:
in order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. the system comprises a gasification reaction zone, 2, a first semicoke cooling chamber, 3, a first gas chamber, 4, a second semicoke cooling chamber, 5, a second gas chamber, 6, a filter, 7, a necking pipe, 8, a first gas distributor, 9, a partition plate, 10, a second gas distributor, 11, a nozzle, 12, a hydrogen heating furnace, 13, an oxygen gas source, 14, a pulverized coal bunker, 15, a synthesis gas outlet, 16, a semicoke discharging port, 17, a medium-temperature fluidizing gas inlet, 18, a medium-temperature fluidizing gas outlet, 19, a semicoke outlet, 20, a semicoke inlet, 21, a semicoke discharging pipe, 22, a slag discharge port, 23, a semicoke lock hopper, 24, a semicoke gas inlet, 25, a normal-temperature fluidizing gas inlet, 26, a hydrogen production PSA system, 27 and a heat energy recovery system.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, a novel pulverized coal hydrogenation gasification furnace comprises a closed barrel-type furnace body, wherein a gasification reaction zone 1, a first semicoke cooling chamber 2, a first air chamber 3, a second semicoke cooling chamber 4, a second air chamber 5 and a filter 6 are arranged in the furnace body from top to bottom;
the gasification reaction zone 1 and the first semicoke cooling chamber 2 are separated by a necking pipe 7 fixedly arranged in the furnace body, the upper section of the necking pipe 7 is funnel-shaped, the middle section of the necking pipe 7 is in a vertical tubular shape, the lower section of the necking pipe 7 is in a horn mouth shape, a gap is reserved between the edge of the horn mouth and the furnace body, and the necking pipe 7 plays an accelerating role in descending of the synthesis gas and the high-temperature semicoke, so that the separation of the synthesis gas and the high-temperature semicoke is facilitated; the first semicoke cooling chamber 2 and the first gas chamber 3 are separated by a first gas distributor 8 fixedly arranged in the furnace body; the first air chamber 3 and the second semicoke cooling chamber 4 are separated by a partition plate 9 fixed in the furnace body; second semicoke cooling chamber 4 is through being fixed in with second air chamber 5 the inside second gas distributor 10 of furnace body is separated, through setting up first semicoke cooling chamber 2 and second semicoke cooling chamber 4, is favorable to the abundant heat transfer of fluidization gas and high temperature semicoke, has guaranteed the temperature of the outer semicoke of second semicoke cooling chamber 4, can guarantee simultaneously that the arene oil in the synthetic gas can not cross because of the interior temperature of first semicoke cooling chamber 2 and separate out excessively.
A nozzle 11 is arranged on the furnace body at the top of the gasification reaction zone 1; the nozzle 11 is respectively communicated with the gas outlet of the hydrogen heating furnace 12, the oxygen gas source 13 and the pulverized coal bin 14, and the inlet of the hydrogen heating furnace 12 is communicated with the gas outlet end of the PSA hydrogen production system 26;
a synthesis gas outlet 15 and a semicoke feed opening 16 are formed in the furnace body corresponding to the first semicoke cooling chamber 2, the synthesis gas outlet 15 is arranged above the semicoke feed opening 16 and is arranged on the furnace body corresponding to the middle section of the necking pipe 7, and the bell mouth of the necking pipe 7 has a blocking effect on the ascending of the semicoke without influencing the ascending of the synthesis gas, so that the synthesis gas and the semicoke can be effectively separated, the entrainment amount of the semicoke in the synthesis gas is reduced, and the operation of a subsequent synthesis gas purification system is facilitated; a medium-temperature fluidizing gas inlet 17 is formed in the furnace body corresponding to the first air chamber 3; a furnace body corresponding to the second semicoke cooling chamber 4 is provided with a medium-temperature fluidizing gas outlet 18, a semicoke outlet 19 and a semicoke inlet 20, the semicoke outlet 19 is arranged above the semicoke inlet 20, and the medium-temperature fluidizing gas outlet 18 is arranged above the semicoke outlet 19; a normal-temperature fluidizing gas inlet 25 is formed in the furnace body at the bottom of the second gas chamber 5, and the normal-temperature fluidizing gas inlet 25 is communicated with a gas outlet end of a PSA hydrogen production system 26;
the semicoke feeding port 16 is communicated with the semicoke inlet 20 through a semicoke feeding pipe 21, the feeding end of the semicoke feeding pipe 21 is arranged in a downward inclined mode, the discharging end of the semicoke feeding pipe 21 is of an arc-shaped structure, and the semicoke outlet 19 is communicated with the inlet of a semicoke lock hopper 23; the feed inlet of the filter 6 is communicated with the medium-temperature fluidized gas outlet 18, the gas outlet of the filter 6 is communicated with the medium-temperature fluidized gas inlet 17, the slag discharge port 22 of the filter 6 is communicated with the semicoke lock hopper 23, the top of the filter 6 is provided with a back-blowing gas inlet 24, and the back-blowing gas inlet 24 is communicated with the gas outlet end of the PSA hydrogen production system 26. By arranging the filter 6, the blockage of the air outlet holes of the first gas distributor 8 caused by the fact that the semicoke is brought into the first air chamber 3 by the fluidizing gas is effectively avoided; the back-blowing inlet 24 is arranged at the top of the filter 6, so that the filter element of the filter 6 can be subjected to inlet back-blowing regularly to remove the semicoke adsorbed on the filter element.
The working description is as follows:
the top of the furnace body is provided with a nozzle 11, hydrogen, oxygen and coal powder which are heated to 450 ℃ by a hydrogen heater simultaneously enter a gasification reaction zone 1 through the nozzle 11, firstly the hydrogen and the oxygen generate oxygen-poor combustion reaction to obtain hydrogen with higher temperature (1000 ℃) and then the hydrogen and the oxygen contact the coal powder in the gasification reaction zone 1 to generate the coal hydropyrolysis reaction. The produced synthesis gas and the high-temperature semicoke (800-900 ℃) descend, and the descending speed of the high-temperature semicoke is higher than that of the synthesis gas under the acceleration action of the necking pipe 7, so that the separation of the high-temperature semicoke and the synthesis gas is facilitated. The high-temperature semicoke falls into the first semicoke cooling chamber 2 and directly contacts and exchanges heat with the medium-temperature hydrogen (350 ℃) from the second semicoke cooling chamber 4, the semicoke enters the second semicoke cooling chamber 4 under the action of hydrogen fluidizing gas after the temperature is reduced to 750 ℃, the hydrogen after heat exchange in the first semicoke cooling chamber 2 is mixed with the produced synthesis gas (about 800 ℃), and the mixture is discharged out of the gasification furnace heat removal energy recovery system 27 through the synthesis gas outlet 15. The 750 ℃ semicoke from the first semicoke cooling chamber 2 is directly contacted with normal temperature hydrogen in the second semicoke cooling chamber 4 for heat exchange, so that the temperature of the semicoke is reduced to 350 ℃, and then the semicoke is sent to the semicoke lock hopper 23 for collection, and the normal temperature hydrogen is purified by the filter 6 after being heated to 350 ℃ and then sent to the first semicoke cooling chamber 2. And opening a back-blowing air inlet 24 at the top of the filter 6 once every 10 minutes to back-blow the filter element in the filter 6 and remove the semicoke attached to the surface of the filter element.
In the embodiment, hydrogen is used as fluidizing gas to send out the semicoke, so that the blockage of a coke discharge pipeline is avoided; through the arrangement of the first semicoke cooling chamber 2 and the second semicoke cooling chamber 4, heat exchange between high-temperature semicoke and fluidized gas in the furnace body is realized, the fluidized gas after temperature raising and synthesis gas are mixed and then enter the heat energy recovery system 27, waste caused by taking heat energy out of the gasification furnace by a large amount of high-temperature semicoke is avoided, effective recycling of heat energy is achieved, energy consumption is greatly reduced, and the problem of system shutdown caused by abrasion and leakage of a semicoke cooler heat exchange tube is avoided; the hydrogen as the system circulating gas is divided into two parts and sent into the gasification furnace, one part enters the gasification furnace from the nozzle 11 after being heated by the hydrogen heating furnace 12, and the other part directly enters the gasification furnace from the normal-temperature fluidizing gas inlet 25 at the bottom of the gasification furnace and is heated by heat exchange with high-temperature semicoke, so that the work load of the hydrogen heating furnace 12 is reduced, and the energy consumption of heating the hydrogen circulating gas by using the hydrogen heating furnace 12 is further saved.
First semicoke cooling chamber 2, 4 bottoms of second semicoke cooling chamber are equipped with first gas distributor 8 respectively, second gas distributor 10 and the first air chamber 3 and the second air chamber 5 that correspond, hydrogen passes through first gas distributor 8 as fluidization gas, second gas distributor 10 gets into first semicoke cooling chamber 2, can fully exchange heat with the semicoke behind the second semicoke cooling chamber 4, semicoke behind the heat transfer overflows to the back system through semicoke feed opening 16 of first semicoke cooling chamber 2 and semicoke export 19 of second semicoke cooling chamber 4, because the semicoke unloading pipe 21 is filled with portable material and plays the material seal effect, so can realize the effective separation of gas-solid. Meanwhile, due to the fact that material layer heights are arranged in the first semicoke cooling chamber 2 and the second semicoke cooling chamber 4 and the semicoke discharging pipes 21 are communicated to form a material difference, semicoke in the first semicoke cooling chamber 2 can be continuously discharged into the second semicoke cooling chamber 4.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and should not be taken as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. An energy-saving pulverized coal hydrogenation gasification furnace is characterized by comprising a closed barrel-type furnace body, wherein a gasification reaction zone, a first semicoke cooling chamber, a first air chamber, a second semicoke cooling chamber and a second air chamber are arranged in the furnace body from top to bottom;
the gasification reaction zone and the first semicoke cooling chamber are separated by a necking pipe fixedly arranged in the furnace body; the first semicoke cooling chamber and the first air chamber are separated by a first gas distributor fixed in the furnace body; the first air chamber and the second semicoke cooling chamber are separated by a partition plate fixed in the furnace body; the second semicoke cooling chamber and the second air chamber are separated by a second gas distributor fixed in the furnace body;
a nozzle is arranged on the furnace body at the top of the gasification reaction zone; the nozzle is respectively communicated with the gas outlet of the hydrogen heating furnace, the oxygen gas source and the pulverized coal bin;
a synthetic gas outlet and a semicoke feed opening are formed in the furnace body corresponding to the first semicoke cooling chamber, and the synthetic gas outlet is formed above the semicoke feed opening; a medium-temperature fluidizing gas inlet is formed in the furnace body corresponding to the first gas chamber; a middle-temperature fluidizing gas outlet, a semicoke outlet and a semicoke inlet are formed in the furnace body corresponding to the second semicoke cooling chamber, the semicoke outlet is formed above the semicoke inlet, and the middle-temperature fluidizing gas outlet is formed above the semicoke outlet; a normal-temperature fluidizing gas inlet is formed in the furnace body at the bottom of the second air chamber;
the semicoke feeding port is communicated with the semicoke inlet through a semicoke feeding pipe; the medium-temperature fluidizing gas outlet is communicated with the medium-temperature fluidizing gas inlet; and the semicoke outlet is communicated with the inlet of the semicoke lock hopper.
2. The energy-saving pulverized coal hydrogenation gasification furnace according to claim 1, wherein the upper section of the neck pipe is funnel-shaped, the middle section of the neck pipe is vertical tubular, the lower section of the neck pipe is bell-mouthed, and a gap is formed between the edge of the bell-mouthed and the furnace body.
3. The energy-saving pulverized coal hydrogenation gasification furnace as claimed in claim 2, wherein the syngas outlet is disposed on the furnace body corresponding to the middle section of the necking pipe.
4. The energy-saving pulverized coal hydrogenation gasification furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein the feed end of the semicoke feeding pipe is arranged in a downward inclination manner, and the discharge end of the semicoke feeding pipe is of an arc structure.
5. The energy-saving pulverized coal hydrogenation gasification furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein the normal temperature fluidizing gas inlet is communicated with a normal temperature hydrogen gas source.
6. The energy-saving pulverized coal hydrogenation gasification furnace according to claim 1, further comprising a filter, wherein a feed inlet of the filter is communicated with the medium-temperature fluidizing gas outlet, a gas outlet of the filter is communicated with the medium-temperature fluidizing gas inlet, and a deslagging port of the filter is communicated with an inlet of the semicoke lock hopper.
7. The energy-saving pulverized coal hydrogenation gasification furnace as claimed in claim 6, wherein the top of the filter is provided with a blowback inlet, and the blowback inlet is communicated with a normal temperature hydrogen gas source.
8. The energy-saving pulverized coal hydrogenation gasifier according to any one of claims 5 or 7, wherein the normal-temperature hydrogen source is a PSA hydrogen production system.
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| CN202221635748.5U CN217578787U (en) | 2022-06-28 | 2022-06-28 | Energy-saving pulverized coal hydrogenation gasification furnace |
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| CN202221635748.5U CN217578787U (en) | 2022-06-28 | 2022-06-28 | Energy-saving pulverized coal hydrogenation gasification furnace |
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| CN202221635748.5U Active CN217578787U (en) | 2022-06-28 | 2022-06-28 | Energy-saving pulverized coal hydrogenation gasification furnace |
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