CN110699125A - Air gasification process method and system for normal-pressure circulating fluidized bed - Google Patents
Air gasification process method and system for normal-pressure circulating fluidized bed Download PDFInfo
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- CN110699125A CN110699125A CN201911131962.XA CN201911131962A CN110699125A CN 110699125 A CN110699125 A CN 110699125A CN 201911131962 A CN201911131962 A CN 201911131962A CN 110699125 A CN110699125 A CN 110699125A
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- fluidized bed
- circulating fluidized
- gasification furnace
- bed air
- air gasification
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/54—Gasification of granular or pulverulent fuels by the Winkler technique, i.e. by fluidisation
- C10J3/56—Apparatus; Plants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
- C10J2200/15—Details of feeding means
- C10J2200/158—Screws
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/093—Coal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
- C10J2300/0956—Air or oxygen enriched air
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel coal gasification auxiliary devices, in particular to an air gasification process method and a system of a normal-pressure circulating fluidized bed, which have the characteristics of simple flow, easy improvement of carbon conversion rate, high thermal efficiency, low system operation cost and investment cost and the like; the device comprises a raw material coal bunker, a screw feeder, a normal-pressure circulating fluidized bed air gasification furnace, a high-temperature cyclone separator, a material returning device, a roller slag cooler, a slag discharging belt, a coal washer, a slag discharging device, an air ring pipe, a fly ash collecting device and a gasification agent preheater.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel coal gasification auxiliary devices, in particular to an air gasification process method and system of a normal-pressure circulating fluidized bed.
Background
As is known, fuel coal gasification equipment is equipment for converting solid fuels such as coal, coke, semi-coke and the like into gas products and a small amount of residues by reacting with a gasification agent under the conditions of high temperature, normal pressure or pressurization, wherein the gasification agent is added to carry out gasification reaction with the fuel to obtain coal gas with less impurities.
During the continuous use of the circulating fluidized bed and the associated production system, the following problems were found:
in the existing large-scale circulating fluidized bed gasification process, slag and ash are discharged at normal pressure, so that fly ash has high carbon content, is not recycled in a gasification furnace basically, and has low carbon conversion rate in the gasification furnace.
Therefore, a new method and system for atmospheric circulating fluidized bed air gasification process is needed to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an air gasification process method and system of a normal-pressure circulating fluidized bed, so as to solve the problems that fly ash of normal-pressure gasification is not recycled and the thermal efficiency of a gasification furnace is low in the background technology.
The invention relates to an atmospheric circulating fluidized bed air gasification process system, which comprises a raw material coal bunker, a screw feeder, an atmospheric circulating fluidized bed air gasification furnace, a high-temperature cyclone separator, a material returning device, a roller slag cooler, a slag discharging belt, a coal washer, a slag discharging device, an air ring pipe, a fly ash collecting device and a gasifying agent preheater, wherein the output end of the bottom end of the raw material coal bunker is communicated with the input end of the coal washer, the output end of the coal washer is communicated with the input end of the screw feeder, the output end of the screw feeder is communicated with the lower part of the atmospheric circulating fluidized bed air gasification furnace, the top part, the inner middle part and the inner lower part of the atmospheric circulating fluidized bed air gasification furnace are respectively provided with the air ring pipe, each air ring pipe is provided with a plurality of groups of air outlet holes, the input end of each air ring, the gasification agent pipeline stretches into the bottom in the atmospheric circulating fluidized bed air gasification furnace, the medium of the input end of the gasification agent preheater is air and low-low pressure superheated steam, the slag discharging device is installed at the bottom end of the atmospheric circulating fluidized bed air gasification furnace, the output end of the slag discharging device is communicated with the input end of the roller slag cooler, the output end of the roller slag cooler is provided with a slag discharging belt, the top of the atmospheric circulating fluidized bed air gasification furnace is communicated with the upper part of the high-temperature cyclone separator, the material returning device is installed at the bottom end of the high-temperature cyclone separator, the output end of the material returning device is communicated with the lower part of the atmospheric circulating fluidized bed air gasification.
The atmospheric circulating fluidized bed air gasification process system provided by the invention has the advantages that the atmospheric circulating fluidized bed air gasification furnace is gradually expanded or enlarged by a certain angle from bottom to top, the step number is 1 to 3 when the step diameter is expanded, the diameter ratio is 1:1.2 ~ 1:2, and the angle range is 0 degrees ~ 15 degrees when the atmospheric circulating fluidized bed air gasification furnace is enlarged by a certain angle.
According to the air gasification process system of the normal-pressure circulating fluidized bed, the air gasification furnace of the normal-pressure circulating fluidized bed is of a water-cooled wall structure.
According to the atmospheric circulating fluidized bed air gasification process system, the pneumatic gate valve is arranged between the slag discharging device and the roller slag cooler in a communicating mode.
According to the air gasification process system of the normal-pressure circulating fluidized bed, the air gasification furnace of the normal-pressure circulating fluidized bed adopts sand bath circulation.
According to the air gasification process system of the normal-pressure circulating fluidized bed, the material returning device is provided with a plurality of groups of high-temperature-resistant vibrators.
The invention relates to an air gasification process method of a normal-pressure circulating fluidized bed, which comprises the following steps:
(1) discharging raw material coal from a raw material coal bunker, feeding the raw material coal into a coal washer, removing dust and waste rocks by the coal washer, reducing the ash content and the sulfur content, conveying the treated raw material coal to a screw feeder by the coal washer, and conveying the raw material coal to a normal-pressure circulating fluidized bed air gasification furnace by the screw feeder;
(2) raw material coal and a gasifying agent introduced from the bottom and the lower part of the hearth of the atmospheric circulating fluidized bed air gasification furnace through a gasifying agent pipeline are subjected to gasification reaction, oxygen-enriched or pure oxygen is introduced into the atmospheric circulating fluidized bed air gasification furnace through a plurality of groups of air ring pipes, the slag of the atmospheric circulating fluidized bed air gasification furnace is discharged continuously through a slag discharging device, then enters a roller slag cooler through a pneumatic gate valve for cooling, the temperature of the cooled slag is less than 100 ℃, and then falls into a slag discharging belt and is transported away from the device;
(3) after a gas-solid mixture discharged from the top of the hearth of the atmospheric circulating fluidized bed air gasification furnace is separated by the high-temperature cyclone separator, particles are returned to the atmospheric circulating fluidized bed air gasification furnace for circulating fluidization by the material returning device, and separated coal gas enters a gasifying agent preheater and subsequent equipment for sufficient heat exchange to recover sensible heat of the high-temperature coal gas;
(4) the fly ash is returned to the gasification furnace for circular gasification through the fly ash collecting device.
The invention relates to an air gasification process method of a normal-pressure circulating fluidized bed, wherein in the step (2), the ratio of air to steam in a gasifying agent is controlled to be 0.01 ~ 0.1.1, and the temperature of the air entering the normal-pressure circulating fluidized bed air gasification furnace is not lower than 600 ℃.
According to the atmospheric circulating fluidized bed air gasification process, the rising speed of the high-temperature cyclone separator is less than 2 m/s.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the air gasification process method and the air gasification system of the normal-pressure circulating fluidized bed adopt a novel structural design, so that the process flow is simple, the carbon conversion rate is easy to improve, and the air gasification process has the characteristics of high thermal efficiency, low system operation cost, low investment cost and the like, and 1, the carbon content of fly ash of the conventional project is about 50 percent or more basically, and the carbon conversion rate in the gasification furnace is below 80 percent;
2. the thermal efficiency of the gasification furnace of the prior conventional project is low, generally below 5 percent, because of adopting the castable lining, and the thermal efficiency can be improved to more than 15 percent after adopting the invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a partial top view of an air grommet;
in the drawings, the reference numbers: 1. a raw material coal bunker; 2. a screw feeder; 3. an atmospheric circulating fluidized bed air gasifier; 4. a high temperature cyclone separator; 5. a material returning device; 6. a roller slag cooler; 7. a slag belt; 8. a coal washer; 9. a slag discharge device; 10. an air ring pipe; 11. a fly ash collection device; 12. a gasifying agent preheater; 13. pneumatic gate valve.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 2, the atmospheric circulating fluidized bed air gasification process system of the invention comprises a raw material coal bunker 1, a screw feeder 2, an atmospheric circulating fluidized bed air gasification furnace 3, a high-temperature cyclone separator 4, a material returning device 5, a roller slag cooler 6, a slag belt 7, a coal washer 8, a slag discharging device 9, an air ring pipe 10, a fly ash collecting device 11 and a gasification agent preheater 12, wherein the output end of the bottom end of the raw material coal bunker 1 is communicated with the input end of the coal washer 8, the output end of the coal washer 8 is communicated with the input end of the screw feeder 2, the output end of the screw feeder 2 is communicated with the middle lower part of the atmospheric circulating fluidized bed air gasification furnace 3, the top, the middle part and the inner lower part in the atmospheric circulating fluidized bed air gasification furnace 3 are all provided with the air ring pipes 10, each group of the air ring pipes 10 is provided with a plurality of air, the output end of the gasifying agent preheater 12 is provided with a gasifying agent pipeline which extends into the bottom of the atmospheric circulating fluidized bed air gasification furnace 3, the medium of the input end of the gasifying agent preheater 12 is air and low-low pressure superheated steam, the slag discharging device 9 is arranged at the bottom end of the atmospheric circulating fluidized bed air gasification furnace 3, the output end of the slag discharging device 9 is communicated with the input end of the roller slag cooler 6, the output end of the roller slag cooler 6 is provided with a slag discharging belt 7, the top of the atmospheric circulating fluidized bed air gasification furnace 3 is communicated with the upper part of the high-temperature cyclone separator 4, the material returning device 5 is arranged at the bottom end of the high-temperature cyclone separator 4, meanwhile, the output end of the material returning device 5 is communicated with the middle lower part of.
According to the atmospheric circulating fluidized bed air gasification process system, the atmospheric circulating fluidized bed air gasification furnace 3 expands the diameter or enlarges a certain angle step by step from bottom to top, the step number is 1 to 3 when the step diameter is expanded step by step, the diameter ratio is 1:1.2 ~ 1:2, and the angle range is 0 degrees ~ 15 degrees when the certain angle is enlarged, so that the retention time of the system is prolonged.
According to the air gasification process system of the normal-pressure circulating fluidized bed, the air gasification furnace 3 of the normal-pressure circulating fluidized bed is of a water-cooled wall structure; the shell of the atmospheric circulating fluidized bed air gasification furnace adopts a water-cooled wall structure, and the steam is byproduct, thereby improving the heat efficiency of the system.
According to the air gasification process system of the normal-pressure circulating fluidized bed, a pneumatic gate valve 13 is communicated between the slag discharging device 9 and the roller slag cooler 6; the slag discharging device is controlled to be communicated and closed with the roller slag cooler through a pneumatic inserting plate valve.
According to the air gasification process system of the normal-pressure circulating fluidized bed, the air gasification furnace 3 of the normal-pressure circulating fluidized bed adopts sand bath circulation, the sand bath is favorable for controlling the temperature of the system, and the start circulation temperature is 300 ~ 500 ℃.
According to the air gasification process system of the normal-pressure circulating fluidized bed, a material returning device 5 is provided with a plurality of groups of high-temperature-resistant vibrators; reduce the attachment of solid particles on the inner wall of the material returning device.
The invention relates to an air gasification process method of a normal-pressure circulating fluidized bed, which comprises the following steps:
(1) raw material coal is discharged from a raw material coal bunker 1 and enters a coal washer 8, the coal washer 8 removes dust and waste rocks and reduces the content of ash and sulfur, the coal washer 8 conveys the treated raw material coal to a screw feeder 2, and the screw feeder 2 conveys the raw material coal to a normal-pressure circulating fluidized bed air gasification furnace 3;
(2) raw material coal and a gasifying agent introduced from the bottom and the lower part of a hearth of an atmospheric circulating fluidized bed air gasification furnace 3 through a gasifying agent pipeline are subjected to gasification reaction, the ratio of air to steam in the gasifying agent is controlled to be 0.01 ~ 0.1.1, the temperature of the air entering the atmospheric circulating fluidized bed air gasification furnace 3 is not lower than 600 ℃, oxygen enrichment or pure oxygen is introduced into the atmospheric circulating fluidized bed air gasification furnace 3 through a plurality of groups of air ring pipes 10, the reaction degree of the coal in the gasification furnace is improved, the carbon conversion rate is improved, slag discharged from the atmospheric circulating fluidized bed air gasification furnace 3 is continuously discharged through a slag discharging device 9, then enters a roller slag cooler 6 through a pneumatic gate valve 13 for cooling, the temperature of the cooled slag is lower than 100 ℃, and then falls into a slag discharging belt 7 and;
(3) after a gas-solid mixture discharged from the top of a hearth of the atmospheric circulating fluidized bed air gasifier 3 is separated by the high-temperature cyclone separator 4, particles are returned to the atmospheric circulating fluidized bed air gasifier 3 through the material returning device 5 to be circularly fluidized, the rising speed of the high-temperature cyclone separator 4 is less than 2 m/s, and separated coal gas enters the gasifying agent preheater 12 and subsequent equipment to be fully subjected to heat exchange, so that sensible heat of the high-temperature coal gas is recovered;
(4) the fly ash is returned to the gasification furnace for circulating gasification through the fly ash collecting device 11.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. An air gasification process system of an atmospheric circulating fluidized bed is characterized by comprising a raw material coal bunker (1), a screw feeder (2), an atmospheric circulating fluidized bed air gasification furnace (3), a high-temperature cyclone separator (4), a material returning device (5), a roller slag cooler (6), a slag discharging belt (7), a coal washer (8), a slag discharging device (9), an air ring pipe (10), a fly ash collecting device (11) and a gasification agent preheater (12), wherein the output end of the bottom end of the raw material coal bunker (1) is communicated with the input end of the coal washer (8), the output end of the coal washer (8) is communicated with the input end of the screw feeder (2), the output end of the screw feeder (2) is communicated with the middle lower part of the atmospheric circulating fluidized bed air gasification furnace (3), and the air ring pipe (10) is arranged at the inner top, the inner middle part and the inner lower part of the atmospheric circulating, a plurality of groups of air outlet holes are arranged on each group of air ring pipes (10), the input end of each group of air ring pipes (10) is communicated with the output end of external oxygen enrichment or pure oxygen, the output end of the gasifying agent preheater (12) is provided with a gasifying agent pipeline, the gasifying agent pipeline extends into the inner bottom of the normal-pressure circulating fluidized bed air gasification furnace (3), the medium at the input end of the gasifying agent preheater (12) is air and low-low pressure superheated steam, the slag discharging device (9) is arranged at the bottom end of the normal-pressure circulating fluidized bed air gasification furnace (3), the output end of the slag discharging device (9) is communicated with the input end of the roller slag cooler (6), the output end of the roller slag cooler (6) is provided with a slag discharging belt (7), the top of the normal-pressure circulating fluidized bed air gasification furnace (3) is communicated with the upper part of the high-temperature, meanwhile, the output end of the material returning device (5) is communicated with the middle lower part of the atmospheric circulating fluidized bed air gasification furnace (3), and the fly ash collecting device (11) is communicated with the bottom of the atmospheric circulating fluidized bed air gasification furnace (3).
2. The atmospheric circulating fluidized bed air gasification process system of claim 1, wherein the atmospheric circulating fluidized bed air gasification furnace (3) is gradually expanded or enlarged by a certain angle from bottom to top, the step number is 1 to 3 when the step expansion is carried out, the diameter ratio is 1:1.2 ~ 1:2, and the angle range is 0 degrees ~ 15 degrees when the step expansion is carried out by a certain angle.
3. An atmospheric circulating fluidized bed air gasification process system as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the atmospheric circulating fluidized bed air gasification furnace (3) is of a water wall structure.
4. An atmospheric circulating fluidized bed air gasification process system as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that a pneumatic gate valve (13) is arranged in communication between the slag discharge device (9) and the roller slag cooler (6).
5. An atmospheric circulating fluidized bed air gasification process system as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that the atmospheric circulating fluidized bed air gasification furnace (3) employs sand bath circulation.
6. An atmospheric circulating fluidized bed air gasification process system as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that the return feeder (5) is provided with high temperature resistant sets of rappers.
7. An atmospheric circulating fluidized bed air gasification process according to claim 6, characterized by comprising the steps of:
(1) raw material coal is discharged from a raw material coal bunker (1) and enters a coal washer (8), dust and waste rocks are removed by the coal washer (8), the ash content and the sulfur content are reduced, the coal washer (8) conveys the processed raw material coal to a screw feeder (2), and the screw feeder (2) conveys the raw material coal to a normal-pressure circulating fluidized bed air gasification furnace (3);
(2) raw material coal and a gasifying agent introduced from the bottom and the lower part of the raw material coal through a gasifying agent pipeline are subjected to gasification reaction in a hearth of the atmospheric circulating fluidized bed air gasification furnace (3), oxygen-enriched or pure oxygen is introduced into the atmospheric circulating fluidized bed air gasification furnace (3) through a plurality of groups of air ring pipes (10), slag discharged from the atmospheric circulating fluidized bed air gasification furnace (3) is continuously discharged through a slag discharging device (9), then enters a roller slag cooler (6) through a pneumatic gate valve (13) for cooling, the slag discharging temperature is less than 100 ℃ after cooling, and then falls into a slag discharging belt (7) to be transported away from a device;
(3) after a gas-solid mixture discharged from the top of a hearth of the atmospheric circulating fluidized bed air gasification furnace (3) is separated by the high-temperature cyclone separator (4), particles are returned to the atmospheric circulating fluidized bed air gasification furnace (3) for circulating fluidization by the material returning device (5), and separated coal gas enters the gasification agent preheater (12) and subsequent equipment for sufficient heat exchange, so that sensible heat of the high-temperature coal gas is recovered;
(4) the fly ash is returned to the gasification furnace for circulating gasification through a fly ash collecting device (11).
8. An atmospheric circulating fluidized bed air gasification process as claimed in claim 7, wherein the ratio of air to steam in the gasifying agent in step (2) is controlled to be 0.01 ~ 0.1.1, and the temperature of the air entering the atmospheric circulating fluidized bed air gasification furnace (3) is not lower than 600 ℃.
9. An atmospheric circulating fluidized bed air gasification process in accordance with claim 8 wherein the high temperature cyclone (4) rise velocity is less than 2 m/s.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114686269A (en) * | 2020-12-27 | 2022-07-01 | 新疆宜化化工有限公司 | Circulating fluidized bed coal gasifier for preventing furnace bottom coke slag and quartz sand from solidifying to form plate-shaped body |
Citations (3)
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| US20140054011A1 (en) * | 2012-08-27 | 2014-02-27 | Southern Company | Multi-Stage Circulating Fluidized Bed Syngas Cooling |
| CN106010666A (en) * | 2016-07-25 | 2016-10-12 | 上海锅炉厂有限公司 | Circulating fluidized bed gasifying system and gasifying method thereof |
| CN107286993A (en) * | 2017-08-01 | 2017-10-24 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Variable cross-section circulating fluidized bed gasification device and gasification process |
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2019
- 2019-11-19 CN CN201911131962.XA patent/CN110699125A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20140054011A1 (en) * | 2012-08-27 | 2014-02-27 | Southern Company | Multi-Stage Circulating Fluidized Bed Syngas Cooling |
| CN106010666A (en) * | 2016-07-25 | 2016-10-12 | 上海锅炉厂有限公司 | Circulating fluidized bed gasifying system and gasifying method thereof |
| CN107286993A (en) * | 2017-08-01 | 2017-10-24 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Variable cross-section circulating fluidized bed gasification device and gasification process |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114686269A (en) * | 2020-12-27 | 2022-07-01 | 新疆宜化化工有限公司 | Circulating fluidized bed coal gasifier for preventing furnace bottom coke slag and quartz sand from solidifying to form plate-shaped body |
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Application publication date: 20200117 |