CN217427787U - Harmonic magnetic field driving motor - Google Patents
Harmonic magnetic field driving motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN217427787U CN217427787U CN202121954160.1U CN202121954160U CN217427787U CN 217427787 U CN217427787 U CN 217427787U CN 202121954160 U CN202121954160 U CN 202121954160U CN 217427787 U CN217427787 U CN 217427787U
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Abstract
A harmonic magnetic field drive motor, comprising: A. a plurality of tooth grooves are arranged on the stator lamination, and the number of the grooves is Z; B. in a mechanical space of 360 degrees of the circumference of the stator, a stator winding is divided into m phases according to a set connection rule; C. the stator component with the windings is independently arranged in a mechanical space, any phase winding is electrified with direct current constant current, and the pole pair number of a formed phase winding magnetic field is Pm in the mechanical space of 360 degrees of the circumference of the stator; D. the number of coils included in each phase winding is k = n × Pm (n =1, 2,3 …); E. the permanent magnet rotor magnetic steels are sequentially arranged in the circumferential direction according to the sequence of N poles and S poles, and the number of pole pairs of the formed rotor magnetic steels is Pr along the 360-degree mechanical space of the rotor circumference; F. on the 360-degree mechanical space of the circumference of the stator and the rotor, a motor air gap is formed in the combined space; the number Pr of the magnetic pole pairs of the rotor of the harmonic magnetic field driving motor must meet the following requirements: pr = Z ± Pm; the number Z of stator slots of the harmonic magnetic field driving motor is as follows: z =2 × m × k.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a motor, in particular to harmonic magnetic field driving motor.
Background
The motor is used as a device for converting electric energy into rotary mechanical energy, and becomes an indispensable and irreplaceable core device for people to pursue beautiful life. The permanent magnet motor has the advantages of small volume, relatively high efficiency and the like, is widely applied to various industries, particularly has the remarkable advantage of high magnetic energy product of rare earth permanent magnet materials, is widely applied to the fields of direct current brushless motors (BLDC) and Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors (PMSM) and becomes the development direction and trend of leading the mainstream of the motor. Since rare earth permanent magnetic materials belong to non-renewable resources, how to fully improve the utilization rate of the materials becomes a key topic of research in various countries around the world. Therefore, a harmonic magnetic field driving motor is urgently needed to be designed, and compared with a traditional motor, under the condition that the output power is the same, the size of the motor can be reduced, the weight of the motor is reduced synchronously, the use cost of motor materials can be obviously saved, particularly the cost of rare earth permanent magnet materials, and the competitive advantage of products is greatly improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to solve the technical problem that a harmonic magnetic field driving motor is provided for being not enough to above-mentioned prior art, make it reduce the volume, improve power density.
The utility model provides a technical scheme that the problem that exists adopted does: a harmonic magnetic field drive motor, comprising: rotor subassembly, stator module, control module and pencil, the pencil passes through welded connection with control module, and control module is fixed in through reference column and elasticity fixing clip stator module, the pencil passes the radial hole that stator module set up and draws forth from the axial hole, and the cylindricality bearing that stator module set up supports and the positioning action to rotor subassembly, and harmonic magnetic field driving motor circular telegram rotor subassembly is rotatory along the circumferencial direction, and the primary structure expresses as follows:
A. a plurality of tooth grooves are formed in the stator lamination, and the number of the grooves is Z;
B. in a 360-degree mechanical space of the circumference of the stator, the stator winding is divided into m phases according to a set connection rule;
C. the stator component with the windings is independently arranged in a mechanical space (without motor assembly), any phase winding is electrified with direct current constant current, and the number of pole pairs of a formed phase winding magnetic field is Pm in the mechanical space of 360 degrees of the circumference of the stator;
D. each phase winding comprises k = n × Pm number of coils, wherein n =1, 2,3 …;
E. the rotor magnetic steel is sequentially arranged in the circumferential direction according to the sequence of N poles and S poles, and the number of pole pairs of the formed rotor magnetic steel is Pr along the 360-degree mechanical space of the circumference of the rotor;
F. forming a motor air gap in a combined space on a 360-degree mechanical space on the circumference of the stator and the rotor;
the number Pr of the magnetic pole pairs of the rotor of the harmonic magnetic field driving motor must meet the following requirements: pr = Z ± Pm; the number Z of stator slots of the harmonic magnetic field driving motor is as follows: z =2 × m × k.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a design for stator slot number Z =12, rotor magnet steel pole logarithm Pr =13, every phase line package pole logarithm Pm =1, every phase line package number k = 2.
More specifically, the harmonic magnetic field driving motor of the present invention is further explained:
principle of harmonic magnetic field drive motor: A. whether the BLDC control or the PMSM control is adopted, the necessary condition of the rotation of the motor rotor is that the number of the pole pairs of the magnetic field generated by the stator winding in the air gap of the motor is equal to the number of the pole pairs of the permanent magnets of the rotor; B. after the stator winding is electrified, fundamental wave magnetomotive force is generated in an air gap of the motor, and a series of harmonic magnetic fields are distributed along the air gap space under the action of stator tooth slot magnetic conductance; C. when the pole pair number of the specific air gap harmonic magnetic field is equal to the pole pair number Pr of the permanent magnet rotor, stable electromagnetic torque can be output.
In order to satisfy the principle of driving the motor by the harmonic magnetic field, the following conditions must be met:
A. the number Pr of the magnetic poles of the rotor of the harmonic magnetic field driving motor must satisfy the following conditions: z ± Pm = Pr, expressed specifically as follows:
according to ampere loop law: Σ hxl = wxl = F, where H-magnetic field strength, L-magnetic path length, W-wire
The number of turns of the coil, I-coil current, F-magnetomotive force;
secondly, in a motor magnetic field closed loop, the closed magnetic field is mainly formed by a ferromagnetic substance and a motor air gap, so that the ampere loop law of the motor is expressed as follows: h (δ) × L (δ) + H (ferromagnetic) × L (ferromagnetic) = W × I = F, since H (ferromagnetic) can be approximately equal to zero in ferromagnetic substances, H (δ) × L (δ) = W × I = F;
thirdly, the relationship between the magnetic induction intensity B and the magnetic field intensity H is as follows: b = μ × H, where μ — relative permeability;
f = WI = B (δ) × L (δ)/μ 0, where μ 0 — relative air permeability;
the magnetic induction intensity of the air gap of the motor can be expressed as follows: b (δ) = F × μ 0/L (δ) = F × ʌ (δ), wherein ʌ (δ) -motor air gap permeance, the smaller the air gap, the larger the permeance;
the magnetomotive force F is distributed in the air gap of the motor in a rectangular wave shape, and can be expressed as follows according to Fourier series:
F(α)=(2/π)×F×[sin(Pm×α)+(1/3)×sin(3×Pm×α)+ … +(1/n)×sin(n×Pm×
α) ], where n =1, 2,3, α -denotes the mechanical spatial angle along the circumferential direction of the air gap, visible as magnetomotive force
The fundamental wave amplitude is maximum, and the fundamental wave magnetomotive force expression is as follows:
F1(α)=(2/π)×F×sin(Pm×α)=(2×WI/π)×sin(Pm×α)
seventhly, the motor air gap gear magnetic conductance ʌ delta is approximately rectangular in spatial distribution and can be expressed as follows according to Fourier series:
ʌ delta (alpha) = ʌ 0+ ʌ 1 xcos (Z × α) + ʌ 2 xcos (2 × Z × α) + … + ʌ nxos (n × Z × α), wherein,
n =1, 2,3, where the fundamental flux guide has the largest amplitude, and is expressed as: ʌ δ 1(α) = ʌ 0+ ʌ 1 × cos (Z × α);
generated by the fundamental magnetomotive force of the stator winding along the space distribution in the air gap of the motor under the modulation of the magnetic conductance of the stator teeth
Magnetic induction intensity expression: b (α) = F × ʌ (δ) = (2 × WI/pi) × sin (Pm × α) × [ ʌ 0+ ʌ 1 × cos (Z × α) ]
= Bm0 × sin (Ps × α) + Bm1 × sin (Pm × α) × cos (Z × α), where Bm0=2 × WI × ʌ 0/pi, Bm1=2 × WI × ʌ 1/pi, using trigonometric formula theorem: sin (a) × cos (b) = [ sin (a + b) + sin (a-b) ]/2, by changing the above formula, we obtained:
B(α)=Bm0×sin(Pm×α)+(Bm1/2)×sin[(Z+Pm)×α]+(Bm1/2)×sin[(Z-Pm)×α]
as can be seen from the above equation, the fundamental magnetomotive force generated by energization of the stator phase windings can generate the following three magnetic fields in the motor air gap:
a. the magnetic field property is equivalent to a magnetic field formed by a stator without a slot;
b. the magnetic field property is equivalent to a magnetic field formed by modulating fundamental wave magnetomotive force by stator tooth slots;
c. the magnetic field property is equivalent to a magnetic field formed by modulating fundamental magnetomotive force by stator tooth slots.
And ninthly, selecting the number Pr of the magnetic pole pairs of the rotor of the harmonic magnetic field driving motor:
a. according to the basic principle of motor operation, the motor can output stable electromagnetic torque only when the number of the magnetic pole pairs of the rotor is equal to that of the magnetic pole pairs formed by the stator coil;
b. according to the principle, the number Pr of the rotor magnetic poles of the harmonic magnetic field driving motor must satisfy the following conditions: z + Pm = Pr or
Z-Pm=Pr。
B. Selection of the number Z of stator slots of the harmonic magnetic field driving motor: 2 × m × k = Z, specifically expressed as follows:
each coil is provided with an upper element edge and a lower element edge, each phase of winding comprises k coils, the motor is divided into m phases, and the number Z of stator slots of the motor needs to satisfy the following conditions: 2 × k × m = Z.
C. The number k of each phase line packet of the harmonic magnetic field driving motor and each phase line packet form the relationship of the magnetic pole pair number Pm: k = n × Pm, wherein n =1, 2,3 …, specifically expressed as follows:
as can be seen from the principle of electromagnetic field, 1 coil can only form 1 pair of polar magnetic fields, so the number k of the coils is more than or equal to the number Pm of the pole pairs of the magnetic poles of the coils. On the 360-degree mechanical space of the motor air gap circumference, the principle of air gap magnetic field amplitude symmetry is considered: the number of coils forming a 1 antipode may be 1,2,3, …; the number of coils forming 2 pairs of poles may be 2,4,6, …; the number of coils forming 3 pairs of poles may be 3,6,9, …; the number of the solenoid coils forming Pm antipode is as follows: k = n × Pm, where n =1, 2,3 ….
According to the principle condition, when a three-phase (m = 3) winding structure is adopted, the combination of the number of stator slots/the number of magnetic steel pole pairs of a rotor/the number of packets of each phase of the harmonic magnetic field driving motor is as follows:
the control mode of the harmonic magnetic field driving motor is as follows: the method is suitable for a BLDC control mode and a PMSM control mode, wherein the BLDC is a square wave voltage (current) driving mode, and the PMSM is a sine wave voltage (current) driving mode.
The principle of the harmonic magnetic field driving motor for improving power volume density is as follows:
A. basic evaluation indexes of the permanent magnet motor are as follows: the motor is used as a rotary mechanical device, vibration noise is inevitably generated, and the cogging torque pulsation of the motor is an important source for causing the vibration noise of the motor, so that the cogging torque pulsation must be reduced at the same time when the motor pursues the power volume density (watt/liter) to be extremely consistent, the vibration noise of the motor is ensured to be in a reasonable range, and the improvement of the power volume density has practical significance;
B. the main means for improving the power volume density of the permanent magnet motor are as follows: a. optimizing a magnetic circuit of the motor: the lifting effect is limited; b. selecting a permanent magnet material with higher magnetic energy product: the manufacturing cost is obviously increased; c. reducing the value of the air gap between the stator and the rotor of the motor: basically, the amplitude of the air gap magnetic field is inversely proportional to the air gap value, so the improvement effect is obvious;
C. the negative influence of the motor air gap value on the motor tooth space torque pulsation is reduced: the tooth space moment amplitude is in direct proportion to the square of the air gap magnetic field amplitude, so that the motor tooth space moment pulsation is obviously increased by reducing the air gap value of the motor, and the vibration noise of the motor is also obviously increased;
D. the effective method for reducing the cogging torque pulsation amplitude of the motor comprises the following steps:
a. under the condition of maintaining a fixed motor air gap value, theoretical research shows that an effective method for reducing motor tooth space torque pulsation is to increase the number of motor tooth space torque fluctuation cycles (the number of the cycles of rotor rotation one-circle tooth space torque fluctuation), wherein the fluctuation cycles is equal to the minimum common multiple of the number of stator slots and the number of rotor poles;
b. the ratio of the fluctuation cycle number of the harmonic magnetic field driving motor and the conventional motor under the condition of the same stator slot number is as follows:
as can be seen from the comparison results, in the case that the number of stator slots is the same, the number of cogging torque fluctuation cycles of the harmonic magnetic field driving motor is greatly increased compared to that of the conventional permanent magnet motor.
Preferably, rotor lamination sets up interior cambered surface, dovetail left inclined plane and dovetail right inclined plane and carries out magnet steel radial and circumferencial direction location with the cooperation of the extracambered surface, left inclined plane and the right inclined plane that the magnet steel set up respectively, improves magnet steel positioning accuracy in order to guarantee harmonic magnetic field driving motor operating stability.
Preferably, a motor shaft of the stator assembly is provided with a radial hole and an axial hole so as to facilitate a wire harness to pass through the radial hole and the axial hole, and the wire harness is led out.
Preferably, the stator assembly is provided with the elastic fixing clamp and the positioning column, so that the positioning precision of the control module can be improved, and the control module can be fixed more firmly and reliably.
The magnetic steel of the rotor assembly is connected with the machine shell in a surface-mounted mode, the rotor lamination and the dovetail groove structure are not adopted for positioning, the magnetic steel bonding process adopts an auxiliary tool for positioning, and the positioning effect equal to the magnetic steel can be achieved.
And the magnetic steel is divided into a multi-section structure in consideration of the convenience of the machining process, so that the performance and effect of the harmonic magnetic field driving motor cannot be influenced.
The harmonic magnetic field driving motor can be designed into an outer stator inner rotor structure according to different purposes, and the performance and the effect which are equivalent to those of the outer stator inner rotor structure in the patent embodiment can be achieved.
The harmonic magnetic field driving motor is designed into an outer stator inner rotor structure, the magnetic steel bonding mode of the rotor component can adopt a surface-mounted mode or a surface-buried mode, and equivalent performance and effect can be achieved.
The harmonic magnetic field driving motor can be designed into an outer stator inner rotor structure, a PMSM control mode is adopted, and the magnetic steel of the rotor component can be embedded, so that equivalent performance and effect can be achieved.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages of: the harmonic magnetic field driving motor greatly improves the tooth space torque fluctuation period number through the combination of the set stator slot number and the set rotor magnetic steel pole number, can maintain or reduce the tooth space torque fluctuation amplitude of the harmonic magnetic field driving motor while reducing the air gap value of the harmonic magnetic field driving motor, and ensures that the pole number of the harmonic magnetic field generated by the stator is equal to the pole number of the rotor magnetic steel through the set stator winding mode, so as to form stable electromagnetic torque output. Compared with the traditional motor, under the condition that the output power is the same, the volume of the harmonic magnetic field driving motor is reduced by more than one time, which means that the weight of the harmonic magnetic field driving motor is also reduced by more than one time, so that the use cost of motor materials can be obviously saved, especially the cost of rare earth permanent magnet materials, and the competitive advantage of the product market is greatly improved. The harmonic magnetic field driving motor structure can be matched with traditional BLDC and PMSM motor control modules, and has strong universality in control.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a harmonic magnetic field driving motor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an exploded schematic view of a harmonic magnetic field driving motor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a harmonic magnetic field driving motor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a partial view of the cross-sectional view a-a in fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a partial enlarged view of F in fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is an exploded view of a rotor assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a partially enlarged view of W in fig. 6.
Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the magnetic steel according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is an exploded view of a stator assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a sectional view of a motor shaft according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of a harmonic magnetic field driving motor rotor of another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a harmonic magnetic field driven motor rotor according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a harmonic magnetic field driven motor according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a harmonic magnetic field driven motor according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the harmonic magnetic field driving motor comprises a rotor assembly 1, a stator assembly 2, a control module 3 and a wire harness 4. When the harmonic magnetic field driving motor is electrified to work, torque is output through the rotation of the rotor assembly 1, and electric energy is converted into mechanical energy.
As shown in fig. 3 to 10, the rotor assembly 1 is composed of a casing 11, a rotor lamination 12 and a magnetic steel 13.
The rotor lamination 12 is adhered to the inner circumferential surface of the casing 11 by an adhesive.
The rotor lamination 12 is uniformly provided with 26 pieces of magnetic steel (13 opposite poles) on the inner circle.
The rotor lamination 12 is provided with an inner arc surface 1201, a dovetail groove left inclined surface 1202 and a dovetail groove right inclined surface 1203 which are respectively matched with an outer arc surface 1301, a left inclined surface 1302 and a right inclined surface 1303 arranged on the magnetic steel 13 to position the magnetic steel 13 in the radial direction and the circumferential direction, and the rotor lamination is bonded in the dovetail groove of the rotor lamination 12 through bonding agents according to the alternative arrangement and distribution of N poles and S poles, so that the running stability of the harmonic magnetic field driving motor is improved.
The lamination of stator module 2 evenly sets up 12 tooth grooves on the excircle, and every phase line package number of poles is 1, and every phase line package number of poles is 2.
And the lamination excircle of the stator assembly 2 and the magnetic steel 13 of the rotor assembly 1 form a harmonic magnetic field driving motor air gap L.
The wire harness 4 is connected with the control module 3 by welding.
A radial hole 2111 and an axial hole 2112 are arranged on the motor shaft 211 of the stator assembly 2, so that the wiring harness 4 can conveniently pass through the radial hole 2111 and the axial hole 2112, and the leading-out of the wiring harness 4 is realized.
The cylindrical bearings 23 and 28 arranged on the stator assembly 2 are fixed in the casing 11 of the rotor assembly 1, and play a role in supporting and positioning the rotor assembly 1, and the rotor assembly can rotate in the circumferential direction when the harmonic magnetic field driving motor is electrified to work.
The stator assembly 2 is provided with stop rings 25 and 26 for fixing the cylindrical bearings 23 and 28 respectively so as to realize axial limit of the rotor assembly 1, and the arranged wear- resistant gaskets 24 and 27 play a role in reducing friction force.
As shown in fig. 11, the magnetic steel N, S of the rotor assembly is designed to be attached to the casing 111 in a surface-mount manner, and the dovetail groove positioning of the rotor lamination is not adopted, so that the positioning effect equivalent to that of the magnetic steel can be achieved.
As shown in fig. 12 and 13, the harmonic magnetic field driving motor is designed as an outer stator inner rotor structure, and the magnetic steel N, S of the rotor assembly is bonded to the rotor lamination 222 in a surface-mounted or surface-buried manner, so that equivalent performance and effect can be achieved.
As shown in fig. 14, the harmonic magnetic field driving motor is designed to be an outer stator and inner rotor structure, and a PMSM control mode is adopted, so that the magnetic steel N, S of the rotor assembly can be embedded, and equivalent performance and effect can be achieved.
Claims (2)
1. A harmonic magnetic field drive motor, comprising:
A. a plurality of tooth grooves are formed in the stator lamination, and the number of the grooves is Z;
B. in a 360-degree mechanical space of the circumference of the stator, the stator winding is divided into m phases according to a set connection rule;
C. the stator component with the windings is independently arranged in a mechanical space, any phase winding is electrified with direct current constant current, and the number of pole pairs of a formed phase winding magnetic field is Pm in the mechanical space of 360 degrees of the circumference of the stator;
D. the number of coils contained in each phase winding is k = n × Pm, wherein n =1, 2,3 …;
E. the rotor magnetic steel is sequentially arranged in the circumferential direction according to the sequence of N poles and S poles, and the number of pole pairs of the formed rotor magnetic steel is Pr along the 360-degree mechanical space of the circumference of the rotor;
F. on the 360-degree mechanical space of the circumference of the stator and the rotor, a motor air gap is formed in the combined space;
the harmonic magnetic field driving motor is characterized in that the number Pr of magnetic pole pairs of a rotor of the harmonic magnetic field driving motor must meet the following requirements: pr = Z ± Pm; the number Z of stator slots of the harmonic magnetic field driving motor is as follows: z =2 × m × k.
2. The harmonic magnetic field drive motor according to claim 1, wherein: the number Z =12 of the stator slots, the number Pr =13 of the pole pairs of the rotor magnetic steels, the number Pm =1 of the pole pairs, and the number k =2 of the phase packets.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202121954160.1U CN217427787U (en) | 2021-08-19 | 2021-08-19 | Harmonic magnetic field driving motor |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202121954160.1U CN217427787U (en) | 2021-08-19 | 2021-08-19 | Harmonic magnetic field driving motor |
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| CN217427787U true CN217427787U (en) | 2022-09-13 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202121954160.1U Active CN217427787U (en) | 2021-08-19 | 2021-08-19 | Harmonic magnetic field driving motor |
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| CN (1) | CN217427787U (en) |
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2021
- 2021-08-19 CN CN202121954160.1U patent/CN217427787U/en active Active
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