CN103199662A - Third-harmonic-excitation mixed-excitation permanent magnet synchronous motor - Google Patents
Third-harmonic-excitation mixed-excitation permanent magnet synchronous motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN103199662A CN103199662A CN2013100761262A CN201310076126A CN103199662A CN 103199662 A CN103199662 A CN 103199662A CN 2013100761262 A CN2013100761262 A CN 2013100761262A CN 201310076126 A CN201310076126 A CN 201310076126A CN 103199662 A CN103199662 A CN 103199662A
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000003068 static Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005291 magnetic Effects 0.000 abstract description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
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Abstract
The invention discloses a third-harmonic-excitation mixed-excitation permanent magnet synchronous motor. The third-harmonic-excitation mixed-excitation permanent magnet synchronous motor comprises a machine shell and is characterized in that a stator which is composed of a stator iron core, stator armature windings, and stator third harmonic windings, an electric brush which is fixed on the machine shell, and a rotor which is composed of a rotor iron core, rotor exciting windings, permanent magnets, a spindle and a collecting ring are arranged inside the machine shell. The stator armature windings and the stator third harmonic windings are distributed in grooves which are formed in the stator iron core along the peripheral direction of the stator iron core. The permanent magnets and the rotor exciting windings are arranged on the rotor iron core, the rotor exciting windings are distributed in grooves formed in the rotor iron core along the peripheral direction of the rotor iron core between the permanent magnets, and leading wires of the rotor exciting windings are connected with the collecting ring. The collecting ring is sleeved on the spindle and is connected with the stationary electric brush. The third-harmonic-excitation mixed-excitation permanent magnet synchronous motor improves the utilization rate of materials and has the advantages that an air gap magnetic field is convenient to regulate, electric excitation loss is small, and the advantage that permanent magnet motor efficiency is high is kept.
Description
Technical field
Technical field of motors of the present invention relates to a kind of magneto.
Background technology
Magneto has high efficiency, high power density, plurality of advantages such as simple in structure and reliable, make that the application of magneto is very extensive, as the generator in used for electric vehicle drive motors, compressor of air conditioner, wind-driven generator, portable power source and the aerospace craft.Simultaneously, air-gap field is regulated the further promotion and application that difficult shortcoming has also hindered magneto to a certain extent.In order to overcome its shortcoming, many experts and scholar have proposed multiple composite excitation permanent magnet motor, there are two kinds of excitation magnetomotive force in this motor simultaneously: permanent magnetism magnetomotive force and electric excitation magnetomotive force, by regulating the adjusting that electric excitation magnetomotive force has realized the magneto air-gap field.
At present, the composite excitation permanent magnet motor scheme is more, arranges according to the difference of excitation winding in motor, can be divided into the rotary-type composite excitation permanent magnet motor of excitation winding silent oscillation composite excitation permanent magnet motor and excitation winding.For excitation winding silent oscillation composite excitation permanent magnet motor, its excitation winding is annular, be arranged on the stator or at the axle head of motor, this class composite excitation permanent magnet motor is except existing radially magnetic circuit, also there is axial magnetic circuit, even also have additional air gap, thereby increased the length of magnetic path, thus reduced efficiency of motor.For the rotary-type composite excitation permanent magnet motor of excitation winding, it is the combination of permagnetic synchronous motor and electric excitation synchronous motor that a class composite excitation permanent magnet motor is wherein arranged, and two motors are separate on magnetic circuit, thereby has reduced the power density of motor.And, no matter be excitation winding silent oscillation composite excitation permanent magnet motor or the rotary-type composite excitation permanent magnet motor of excitation winding, it is used for regulating the required exciting current in motor gas-gap magnetic field all is to be provided by external power source.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is at above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of composite excitation permanent magnet synchronous machine of third harmonic excitation is provided, this motor is by obtaining the adjusting of triple-frequency harmonics magnetic field energy realization magneto air-gap field intrinsic in the air-gap field.
Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that a kind of composite excitation permanent magnet synchronous machine of third harmonic excitation, comprise a casing, the rotor that the stator of being made up of stator core, stator armature winding, stator triple-frequency harmonics winding is housed in the casing and is fixed on the brush on the casing and is formed by rotor core, rotor-exciting winding, permanent magnet, rotating shaft, collector ring.Stator armature winding and stator triple-frequency harmonics winding are distributed in the groove of along the circumferential direction offering in the stator core.Be furnished with permanent magnet and rotor-exciting winding in the rotor core, the rotor-exciting winding is distributed in the groove that the rotor core between the permanent magnet along the circumferential direction offers, and its lead-in wire links to each other with collector ring.Collector ring is enclosed within the rotating shaft, links to each other with static brush.
Described stator armature winding can be the three-phase winding, also can be single-phase or polyphase windings; Integer groove winding can be, also fractional slot winding can be.
Described stator triple-frequency harmonics winding is single-phase winding.
Described stator armature winding pole span is three times of stator triple-frequency harmonics winding pole span.
Described rotor-exciting winding can be to concentrate winding, also can be distributed winding.
Described rotor permanent magnet quantity can arrange arbitrarily as required in pairs.
Described rotor permanent magnet can adopt cutting orientation structure, and mixed structure.
Described rotor can or be positioned over outside the stator in stator.
Described composite excitation permanent magnet synchronous motor stator number of pole-pairs is identical with the rotor pole logarithm.
Arrange two cover windings on the composite excitation permanent magnet synchronous motor stator of a kind of third harmonic excitation of the present invention: stator armature winding and stator triple-frequency harmonics winding.The stator armature winding is used for energy converting between mechanical, and stator triple-frequency harmonics winding is used for obtaining the triple-frequency harmonics magnetic field energy of air gap, and stator triple-frequency harmonics winding number of pole-pairs is three times of stator armature winding number of pole-pairs.Permanent magnet is not only arranged on the rotor, and arranged excitation winding.The rotor pole logarithm is identical with stator armature winding number of pole-pairs.The stator armature winding is corresponding with fundamental wave magnetic field and triple-frequency harmonics magnetic field that the excitation magnetomotive force produces respectively with stator triple-frequency harmonics winding, produces the electromagnetic induction effect, is equivalent to the synchronous generator of a rotary pole.The electromotive force of stator triple-frequency harmonics winding induction obtains required DC excitation electric current through behind the thyristor rectifier, and the electric excitation magnetomotive force that this DC excitation electric current is set up is used for regulating the air-gap field of motor, thereby reaches the purpose of regulating the stator armature winding voltage.
Compared with prior art, composite excitation permanent magnet motor of the present invention has following characteristics.
1, is used for the adjusting of magneto air-gap field by obtaining triple-frequency harmonics magnetic field energy intrinsic in the air gap, and need not to have improved the utilance of material for triple-frequency harmonics magnetic field arranges special ferromagnetic material.
2, can regulate rotor-exciting winding current and generator voltage by the phase place of control scr rectification circuit trigger impulse, have air-gap field advantage easy to adjust.
3, close with common permagnetic synchronous motor structure, do not have axial magnetic circuit and additional air gap, and triple-frequency harmonics magnetic field only is used for the auxiliary adjustment of air-gap field, electric excitation loss is little, has kept the high advantage of magneto efficient.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 2, is the composite excitation permanent magnet synchronous machine structural representation of third harmonic excitation.Wherein 1 is casing, and 2 are stator core, and 3 is the stator armature winding, and 4 is stator triple-frequency harmonics winding, and 5 is permanent magnet, and 6 are rotating shaft, and 7 are rotor core, and 8 is the rotor-exciting winding, and 9 is brush, and 10 is collector ring, and 11 is bearing.
Fig. 2 is motor sectional view among Fig. 1, and is very routine with 4.Wherein 2 are stator core, and 3 is the stator armature winding, and 4 is stator triple-frequency harmonics winding, 5 is permanent magnet, and 6 are rotating shaft, and 7 are rotor core, 8 is the rotor-exciting winding, and 12 for arranging the groove of winding in the stator core, and 13 for arranging the groove of rotor-exciting winding in the rotor core.
Fig. 3 is B-B part further explanatory drawings among Fig. 2, for convenience, expands into straight line and draws.Wherein 2 are stator core, and 3 is the stator armature winding, and 4 is stator triple-frequency harmonics winding, 5 is permanent magnet, and 6 are rotating shaft, and 7 are rotor core, 8 is the rotor-exciting winding, and 12 for arranging the groove of winding in the stator core, and 13 for arranging the groove of rotor-exciting winding in the rotor core.The triple-frequency harmonics magnetic flux density waveform that the excitation magnetomotive force produces has also drawn among the figure.
Fig. 4 is the composite excitation permanent magnet synchronous machine circuit theory diagrams of third harmonic excitation.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment.
By Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 as can be known, the composite excitation permanent magnet synchronous machine of third harmonic excitation of the present invention comprises casing 1, disposes stator core 2 in the casing 1, along the circumferential direction slot in the stator core 2, be furnished with stator armature winding 3 and stator triple-frequency harmonics winding 4 in the groove.Casing 1 maintains static with stator core 2, and brush 9 is fixed on the casing 1.Dispose rotating shaft 6 in the casing 1, rotating shaft 6 is connected with casing 1 by bearing 11.Collector ring 10 is enclosed within the rotating shaft 6, links to each other with static brush 9; Simultaneously, be furnished with permanent magnet 5 and rotor-exciting winding 8 in the rotor core 7, fluting in the rotor core 7 between the permanent magnet 5 is arranged rotor-exciting winding 8 in the groove, and rotor-exciting winding 8 lead-in wires are received on the collector ring 10.Rotor-exciting winding 8, permanent magnet 5, rotor core 7 can be rotated in stator core 2 along with rotating shaft 6 with collector ring 10.
Operation principle of the present invention is: when generator no-load running, rotating shaft 6 is to rotate with leg speed, and permanent magnet 5 is set up excitation field, the electromotive force of induction synchronizing frequency in stator armature winding 3, and this electromotive force regularly can not be regulated at rotating speed one.In order to regulate the electromotive force of stator armature winding 3, arranged stator triple-frequency harmonics winding 4 in stator core 2, its pole span is 1/3 of stator armature winding 3 pole spans, has arranged rotor-exciting winding 8 in the rotor core 7.The triple-frequency harmonics electromotive force is responded in the triple-frequency harmonics magnetic field that the excitation magnetomotive force produces in stator triple-frequency harmonics winding 4, the DC excitation electric current of this triple-frequency harmonics electromotive force after by the scr rectification circuit rectification is input in the rotor-exciting winding 8 through brush 9 and collector ring 10, the electric excitation magnetomotive force that the DC excitation electric current produces can realize the adjusting of air-gap field, thereby regulates the electromotive force of stator armature winding 3.Phase place by control scr rectification circuit trigger impulse just can be controlled the voltage swing that is applied on the rotor-exciting winding 8, has realized the function of regulator generator terminal voltage.The phase place of trigger impulse determines that circuit theory diagrams as shown in Figure 4 after detecting generator voltage by excitation controller.
Specify the principle of stator triple-frequency harmonics winding 4 induced electromotive forces below with reference to Fig. 3.Describe with a pair of very example, the stator armature winding 3 among Fig. 3 and stator triple-frequency harmonics winding 4 are example with the simplest concentrated putting in order apart from winding all, and stator triple-frequency harmonics winding 4 pole spans are 1/3 of stator armature winding 3 pole spans.The excitation magnetomotive force acts on and contains first-harmonic and odd harmonics magnetic flux density in the air-gap field that produces on the average air-gap permeance, the triple-frequency harmonics magnetic flux density waveform that the excitation magnetomotive force produces has drawn among Fig. 3, its pole span equates with stator triple-frequency harmonics winding 4 pole spans, with with leg speed rotation, the frequency of induced electromotive force is three times of stator armature winding 3 first-harmonic induced electromotive forces in stator triple-frequency harmonics winding 4 with rotor.
Obtain the DC excitation electric current after the electromotive force process scr rectification circuit rectification of stator triple-frequency harmonics winding 4 inductions, the DC excitation electric current is passed in the rotor-exciting winding 8 by brush 9 and collector ring 10 and realizes excitation, and circuit theory diagrams as shown in Figure 4.
The DC excitation electric current flows through rotor-exciting winding 8 sets up the magnetic field static with respect to rotor core 7, this magnetic field is to rotate with leg speed with respect to stator core 2 and stator armature winding 3, the electromotive force of induction synchronizing frequency in stator armature winding 3, stator armature winding 3 links with external circuit just can outwards export energy.
When the present invention was used as generator, stator armature winding 3 linked to each other with load; During as motor, stator armature winding 3 links to each other with driving power.
Stator triple-frequency harmonics winding 4 links to each other with scr rectification circuit, the phase place of scr rectification circuit trigger impulse by excitation controller by given behind the voltage of test side.
Scr rectification circuit can adopt single-phase bridge full-controlled rectifier or the rectification of single-phase bridge half control, also can adopt single-phase half-wave controlled rectification.
Claims (9)
1. the composite excitation permanent magnet synchronous machine of a third harmonic excitation, comprise a casing, Ji Tezheng is the rotor that the stator of being made up of stator core, stator armature winding, stator triple-frequency harmonics winding is housed in the casing and is fixed on the brush on the casing and is made up of rotor core, rotor-exciting winding, permanent magnet, rotating shaft, collector ring; Stator armature winding and stator triple-frequency harmonics winding are distributed in the groove of along the circumferential direction offering in the stator core; Be furnished with permanent magnet and rotor-exciting winding in the rotor core, the rotor-exciting winding is distributed in the groove that the rotor core between the permanent magnet along the circumferential direction offers, and its lead-in wire links to each other with collector ring; Collector ring is enclosed within the rotating shaft, links to each other with static brush.
2. motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that described stator armature winding is three phase windings, single-phase or polyphase windings; The groove winding number is integer groove winding or fractional slot winding.
3. motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that described stator triple-frequency harmonics winding is single-phase winding.
4. motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that described stator armature winding pole span is three times of stator triple-frequency harmonics winding pole span.
5. motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that described rotor-exciting winding is for concentrating winding, perhaps distributed winding.
6. motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that described rotor permanent magnet quantity arranges as required in pairs.
7. motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that described rotor permanent magnet is for adopting cutting orientation structure or mixed structure.
8. motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that described rotor is placed in the stator or is positioned over outside the stator.
9. motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that described composite excitation permanent magnet synchronous motor stator number of pole-pairs is identical with the rotor pole logarithm.
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CN201310076126.2A CN103199662B (en) | 2013-03-11 | 2013-03-11 | The composite excitation permanent magnet synchronous motor of third harmonic excitation |
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CN201310076126.2A CN103199662B (en) | 2013-03-11 | 2013-03-11 | The composite excitation permanent magnet synchronous motor of third harmonic excitation |
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CN103199662B CN103199662B (en) | 2016-05-11 |
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN103501103A (en) * | 2013-10-18 | 2014-01-08 | 梁慎清 | Non-wear induction speed reducing and changing machine |
CN104638792A (en) * | 2015-03-04 | 2015-05-20 | 浙江迈雷科技有限公司 | Mixed excitation motor |
CN108880158A (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2018-11-23 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | The harmonic field of synchronous motor and the motor with discrete orthogonal harmonic winding orients brushless excitation method |
CN110808649A (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2020-02-18 | 南京航空航天大学 | Double-working harmonic rotor and alternating-current excitation brushless motor |
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CN101651394A (en) * | 2009-06-02 | 2010-02-17 | 清华大学 | Mixed excitation magnetoelectric machine adopting harmonic excitation |
CN101662176A (en) * | 2009-09-30 | 2010-03-03 | 永济新时速电机电器有限责任公司 | High-power harmonic wave excitation generator |
CN202488395U (en) * | 2012-03-20 | 2012-10-10 | 山东孚日电机有限公司 | Alternator driven by single-phase harmonic shaft for ship |
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2013
- 2013-03-11 CN CN201310076126.2A patent/CN103199662B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
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CN101651394A (en) * | 2009-06-02 | 2010-02-17 | 清华大学 | Mixed excitation magnetoelectric machine adopting harmonic excitation |
CN101662176A (en) * | 2009-09-30 | 2010-03-03 | 永济新时速电机电器有限责任公司 | High-power harmonic wave excitation generator |
CN202488395U (en) * | 2012-03-20 | 2012-10-10 | 山东孚日电机有限公司 | Alternator driven by single-phase harmonic shaft for ship |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103501103A (en) * | 2013-10-18 | 2014-01-08 | 梁慎清 | Non-wear induction speed reducing and changing machine |
CN104638792A (en) * | 2015-03-04 | 2015-05-20 | 浙江迈雷科技有限公司 | Mixed excitation motor |
CN104638792B (en) * | 2015-03-04 | 2018-05-11 | 浙江迈雷科技有限公司 | A kind of mixed excitation electric machine |
CN108880158A (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2018-11-23 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | The harmonic field of synchronous motor and the motor with discrete orthogonal harmonic winding orients brushless excitation method |
CN110808649A (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2020-02-18 | 南京航空航天大学 | Double-working harmonic rotor and alternating-current excitation brushless motor |
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