CN210867469U - Mixed excitation wound rotor and mixed excitation wound synchronous motor - Google Patents

Mixed excitation wound rotor and mixed excitation wound synchronous motor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN210867469U
CN210867469U CN201922230573.4U CN201922230573U CN210867469U CN 210867469 U CN210867469 U CN 210867469U CN 201922230573 U CN201922230573 U CN 201922230573U CN 210867469 U CN210867469 U CN 210867469U
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China
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rotor
torque
stator
permanent magnet
wound
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CN201922230573.4U
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Chinese (zh)
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赵文良
张利勃
刘炎
刘聪
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Shandong University
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Shandong University
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Abstract

The utility model discloses a mixed excitation wire wound rotor and mixed excitation wire wound synchronous machine, include: the permanent magnet synchronous motor comprises a rotating shaft positioned in the center of a rotor, wherein a rotor core is arranged outside the rotating shaft, a set number of salient poles are arranged on the rotor core, coils are wound on two sides of each salient pole to form a rotor excitation winding, permanent magnets are arranged on the surface of one side of the geometric center line of each salient pole, which is opposite to the rotating direction of the motor rotor, and the permanent magnets of the whole rotor are asymmetrically distributed. The utility model discloses mixed excitation wire wound rotor can effectively utilize direct current excitation torque and permanent magnet torque to the asymmetric design of permanent magnet not only increases the salient pole ratio of motor and increases reluctance torque, makes direct current excitation torque, permanent magnet torque and reluctance torque of motor superpose and promote electromagnetic torque in the same or close current phase angle department moreover, and then promotes the utility model discloses mixed excitation wire wound synchronous machine's torque density, efficiency and power factor isoelectromagnetic performance.

Description

Mixed excitation wound rotor and mixed excitation wound synchronous motor
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a hybrid excitation synchronous machine technical field especially relates to a hybrid excitation wire wound rotor and hybrid excitation wire wound synchronous machine.
Background
The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.
In recent years, permanent magnet synchronous motors have attracted considerable attention with their high torque density and high efficiency. However, since rare earth permanent magnet materials are expensive, it is imperative to develop high performance motors with less or no rare earth permanent magnets. The wound rotor synchronous motor does not depend on permanent magnetic materials, and has low cost, strong stability and relatively low performance. Many researchers have proposed a number of techniques to improve the performance of wound rotor synchronous machines, but the performance still differs greatly from that of permanent magnet synchronous machines. The hybrid excitation wound rotor synchronous motor integrating the advantages of the two motors receives more and more attention because the hybrid excitation wound rotor synchronous motor improves the torque density and the efficiency and has better weak magnetic capacity. The traditional mixed excitation wound-rotor synchronous motor is designed based on a rotor structure of symmetrical permanent magnets and excitation windings, so that the motor cannot fully utilize all torque components.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model discloses a solve above-mentioned problem, provided a hybrid excitation wire wound rotor and hybrid excitation wire wound synchronous machine, make full use of direct current excitation torque, permanent magnet torque and reluctance torque, improved the torque density, efficiency and the power factor of motor.
In some embodiments, the following technical scheme is adopted:
a hybrid excitation wound rotor comprising: the permanent magnet synchronous motor comprises a rotating shaft positioned in the center of a rotor, wherein a rotor core is arranged outside the rotating shaft, a set number of salient poles are arranged on the rotor core, a rotor excitation winding is formed by winding coils on each salient pole, a surface-mounted permanent magnet is arranged on one side of the geometric center line of each salient pole along the reverse direction of the rotating motion direction of the motor rotor, and the permanent magnets of the whole rotor are asymmetrically distributed.
Further, the rotor core is manufactured by laminating silicon steel sheets.
Further, the permanent magnet is a neodymium iron boron permanent magnet or other permanent magnet materials.
Further, the permanent magnet is tile-shaped.
Furthermore, the permanent magnets are magnetized outwards or inwards along the radial direction, and the magnetizing directions of the permanent magnets on two adjacent magnetic poles are opposite.
Further, the magnetomotive force direction generated after the rotor excitation winding is electrified is the same as the magnetizing direction of the permanent magnet arranged on the magnetic pole.
In other embodiments, the following technical solutions are adopted:
a hybrid excitation wound synchronous machine comprising: the stator part and the rotor part adopt the mixed excitation wound rotor.
Further, the stator part includes: stator core and stator winding, stator core is cylindric, extends along the pivot direction.
Furthermore, a set number of stator slots are arranged on the inner periphery of the stator core at equal intervals along the circumferential direction, and the stator slots extend to be convex from the stator core side to the rotating shaft direction; and a three-phase stator winding is arranged in the stator slot.
Further, an annular air gap interval is formed between the stator core and the rotor core.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:
the utility model discloses but mixed excitation winding rotor exports direct current excitation torque, permanent magnet torque and reluctance torque simultaneously, is showing torque, efficiency and the electromagnetic properties such as power factor that improve the motor.
The utility model discloses the permanent magnet design installation of mixed excitation rotor salient pole side has asymmetry, and this asymmetric structure can optimize traditional wire-wound rotor synchronous machine and permanent magnet synchronous machine's torque composition stack relation, makes the utility model discloses mixed excitation wire-wound synchronous machine's direct current excitation torque, permanent magnet torque and reluctance torque superpose in the same or close electric current phase angle department to improve the motor to the utilization ratio of its torque composition, under the prerequisite that does not change the motor size, improve the torque output of motor, further improvement motor's torque density, wholeness such as efficiency and power factor.
The utility model discloses mixed excitation rotor adopts permanent magnet and direct current wire winding coil to regard as the source of excitation respectively, and the cooperation of two kinds of sources of excitation uses the performance of promotion motor that can be comprehensive the utility model discloses in, the direct current excitation torque and the permanent magnet torque that produce two kinds of sources of excitation are collectively called excitation torque. The asymmetric installation of the permanent magnets improves the utilization rate of each torque component and improves the integral torque output; the rotor flux linkage has the characteristic of easy control by using the winding coil, the weak magnetic speed raising of the motor can be realized more conveniently, and meanwhile, the torque output of the motor can be increased under the condition that the current on the stator side is not changed by controlling the current of the rotor winding, so that the performance of the motor is more stable.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional structural view of a 27-slot 4-pole high-electromagnetic-performance hybrid excitation wound rotor synchronous motor perpendicular to a rotating shaft in the first embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a rotor with the magnetizing direction of the permanent magnet and the current flowing through the winding according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a cross-sectional structure diagram of one magnetic pole of the hybrid excitation wound rotor according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a torque characteristic curve of an example motor of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a torque characteristic diagram of a conventional wound-rotor synchronous motor, a hybrid excitation synchronous motor or a salient-pole permanent magnet synchronous motor for comparison;
the magnetic torque motor comprises a stator core 1, a stator winding 2, an air gap 3, a rotor fixing screw 4, a rotor excitation winding 5, a rotor core 6, a permanent magnet 7, a rotating shaft 8, a direct-current excitation torque and permanent magnet torque (or excitation torque), a reluctance torque 10 and an electromagnetic torque 11.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
In the case of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.
Example one
In one or more embodiments, a hybrid excitation wound rotor is disclosed for use in a wound-rotor permanent magnet machine, the rotor including a shaft 8, a rotor core 6 fixed to the shaft 8, winding coils on the rotor core 6, and permanent magnets 7 mounted on salient-pole ends of the rotor. And each salient pole is provided with a set of winding coil for generating rotor magnetomotive force. A tile-shaped permanent magnet 7 is arranged on the opposite side of the geometric center line of each salient pole end along the rotation movement direction of the motor rotor, and the permanent magnet 7 causes the rotor to have asymmetry. The iron core of the rotor part is formed by axially laminating cold-rolled silicon steel sheets. The winding on the rotor iron core 6 is connected to a direct current power supply through an electric brush slip ring, and the current generates rotor magnetomotive force through the winding.
The motor part comprises the mixed excitation wound rotor, a stator core 1 and a stator winding 2, wherein the stator core 1 is formed by laminating silicon steel sheets. The stator winding 2 is constituted by a coil. The stator winding 2 is electrified with three-phase alternating current to generate stator magnetomotive force.
This embodiment adopts 27 grooves 4 utmost point distributed winding structures to right the utility model discloses rotor structure and motor structure explain, nevertheless do not show that this motor can only use 27 grooves 4 utmost points structure distributed winding, and the winding form of stator slot number, rotor pole number and coil all can change as long as guarantee that the rotor structure designs the rotor that obtains according to above-mentioned form and all belongs to the protection scope of this patent.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the rotor portion includes: rotor fixing screws 4, a rotor excitation winding 5, a rotor iron core 6, tile-shaped permanent magnets 7 made of neodymium iron boron materials and a rotating shaft 8. The rotating shaft 8 is positioned in the center of the rotor, and two ends of the rotating shaft are fixed on the shell through bearings. The rotor core 6 is made of silicon steel sheets by laminating. In the present embodiment, an excitation method in which two excitation methods of permanent magnet 7 excitation and coil excitation are mixed is adopted, and the rotor core 6 is provided with 4 salient poles. A coil is wound on each salient pole to form a rotor excitation winding 5, and tile-shaped permanent magnets 7 made of neodymium iron boron materials are attached to one side of the geometric center line of each salient pole along the reverse direction of the rotating motion direction of the motor rotor and are distributed asymmetrically.
Of course, the permanent magnet 7 can also adopt other forms of permanent magnet 7 materials, such as: samarium cobalt permanent magnets 7, alnico permanent magnets 7, ferrite permanent magnets 7, or the like.
Fig. 2 is a rotor cross-sectional view showing the high-performance hybrid excitation wound-rotor synchronous machine according to the first embodiment, in which the direction of magnetization of the permanent magnet 7 and the direction of the winding current are indicated.
Permanent magnets 7 are asymmetrically distributed at the installation positions of salient poles, so that the rotor structure has asymmetry, the asymmetric structure of the rotor can change the coupling superposition relationship of direct current excitation torque, permanent magnet torque and reluctance torque 10, the maximum values of armature reaction torque and reluctance torque 10 are superposed at the same or close current phase angles, and the utilization rate of the two torque components of the motor is improved, so that electromagnetic torque 11 output by the motor is obviously improved, the permanent magnets 7 are positioned on one side of the center line of the end part of the salient poles of the rotor in the opposite direction of the rotation movement direction of the rotor of the motor, in the example, the permanent magnet span is 30 electrical degrees, the magnetizing direction is outward or inward along the radial direction, the magnetizing directions of the permanent magnets 7 on two adjacent magnetic poles are opposite, for example, the magnetizing direction of neodymium iron boron permanent magnet 7-1 is outward along the radial direction, the magnetizing direction of the permanent magnet 7-2 is inward along the radial direction, a rotor winding is connected into a direct current power supply, current flows in from one side of the winding, flows out from the other side, for clarity, × in the rotor winding coil represents current inflow, and the current outflow is generated in the rotor winding 5-1, and the same direction of the rotor winding after the current outflow direction of the rotor winding.
Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing one magnetic pole of the hybrid excitation wound rotor according to the first embodiment. A permanent magnet 7 is mounted on each salient pole, rotor excitation windings 5 are wound on two sides of a pole body of each salient pole to provide magnetomotive force for the rotor together, the permanent magnet 7 is located on one side of the center line of the end part of each salient pole of the rotor in the opposite direction of the rotating motion direction of the motor rotor, and the permanent magnet span is 30 electrical degrees in the example. The rotor is composed of four magnetic poles with the same structure, and the magnetizing directions of the permanent magnets of two adjacent magnetic poles are opposite. The asymmetric rotor structure allows the maximum values of the field torque and reluctance torque 10 to be superimposed at the same or similar current phase to increase the output torque of the motor.
Example two
In one or more embodiments, a hybrid excitation wound synchronous machine is disclosed, and referring to fig. 1, a high performance hybrid excitation wound synchronous machine has a stator portion and a rotor portion inside a housing.
Wherein, the rotor part adopts the rotor part structure disclosed in the first embodiment.
The stator portion includes: stator core 1, stator winding 2. The stator core 1 is formed by laminating silicon steel sheets, which are thin plates made by adding silicon to iron in order to reduce eddy current loss, in the direction of the rotation shaft 8. The stator core 1 is cylindrical and extends in the direction of the rotation shaft 8. The stator slots are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction on the inner circumference of the stator, and extend in a convex shape from the stator core 1 side toward the rotating shaft 8 side. The present embodiment provides 27 stator slots while the three-phase stator winding 2 is provided in the stator slots. The three-phase stator winding 2 adopts distributed winding wiring, and an annular air gap 3 interval is formed between the stator core 1 and the rotor core 6.
Fig. 4 shows a schematic diagram that, when a high-performance hybrid excitation wound-rotor synchronous motor normally operates, excitation torque is per unit according to the excitation torque maximum values generated by two excitation sources and reluctance torque 10 maximum values are per unit according to the reluctance torque 10, and the coupling superposition relationship between the rotor excitation torque and the reluctance torque 10 of the motor is changed through an asymmetric hybrid excitation wound-rotor, so that the excitation torque and the reluctance torque 10 maximum values generated by the rotor excitation sources can be superposed at the same or similar current phase angle, torque components are fully utilized, and electromagnetic torque 11 reaches 2.
In fig. 4, reference numeral 9 denotes a dc excitation torque and a permanent magnet torque, or a combined excitation torque.
In contrast, fig. 5 shows a torque characteristic diagram of a conventional wound-rotor synchronous motor, a hybrid excitation synchronous motor, or a salient-pole permanent magnet synchronous motor. In the figure, the current phase angle corresponding to the maximum value of the excitation torque and the reluctance torque 10 is different by 45 electrical degrees, and the torque component can be only partially used. The electromagnetic torque 11 is made to be 1.76 at maximum by performing per unit processing in the above manner.
The rotor of the mixed excitation wound-rotor synchronous motor of the embodiment is excited by adopting two modes of the permanent magnet 7 and the wound coil, and meanwhile, the permanent magnet 7 is installed on each pole of the rotor in an asymmetric mode. The motor not only has the characteristic of adjustable excitation, but also has the characteristics of enhancing the salient pole ratio of the motor and improving the utilization rate of each torque component of the motor. On the premise of not changing the size, materials and input conditions of the motor, the electromagnetic torque 11 of the motor is obviously improved, so that the overall performances of the motor, such as torque density, efficiency, power factor and the like, are further improved.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art without inventive work are still within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A hybrid excitation wound rotor comprising: the permanent magnet synchronous motor is characterized in that a plurality of salient poles are arranged on the rotor core, a winding coil on each salient pole forms a rotor excitation winding, permanent magnets are arranged on the surfaces of the opposite sides of the geometric center line of each salient pole in the rotating direction of the motor rotor, and the permanent magnets of the whole rotor are distributed asymmetrically.
2. The hybrid excitation wound rotor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rotor core is made by laminating silicon steel sheets.
3. A hybrid excitation wound rotor as claimed in claim 1, wherein said permanent magnet is a neodymium iron boron permanent magnet.
4. A hybrid excitation wound rotor as claimed in claim 1, wherein said permanent magnets are tile shaped and asymmetrically distributed on the salient poles.
5. The hybrid excitation wound rotor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the permanent magnets are magnetized in a direction radially outward or inward, and the magnetization of the permanent magnets in two adjacent magnetic poles is opposite.
6. A hybrid excitation wound rotor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the magnetomotive force generated by energizing the rotor excitation winding is in the same direction as the direction of magnetization of the permanent magnets mounted on the poles.
7. A hybrid excitation wound synchronous machine comprising: a stator part and a rotor part, characterized in that the rotor part employs a hybrid excitation wound rotor according to any of claims 1-6.
8. A hybrid excitation wound synchronous motor as set forth in claim 7, wherein said stator portion includes: stator core and stator winding, stator core is cylindric, extends along the pivot direction.
9. A hybrid excitation wound-rotor type synchronous motor according to claim 8, wherein a plurality of stator slots are provided at equal intervals in a circumferential direction on an inner periphery of said stator core, said stator slots extending in a convex shape from a side of said stator core toward a direction of a rotation axis; and a three-phase stator winding is arranged in the stator slot.
10. A hybrid excitation wound synchronous machine as claimed in claim 8, wherein the stator core and the rotor core are disposed with an annular air gap spacing therebetween.
CN201922230573.4U 2019-12-12 2019-12-12 Mixed excitation wound rotor and mixed excitation wound synchronous motor Withdrawn - After Issue CN210867469U (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201922230573.4U CN210867469U (en) 2019-12-12 2019-12-12 Mixed excitation wound rotor and mixed excitation wound synchronous motor

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201922230573.4U CN210867469U (en) 2019-12-12 2019-12-12 Mixed excitation wound rotor and mixed excitation wound synchronous motor

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN210867469U true CN210867469U (en) 2020-06-26

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201922230573.4U Withdrawn - After Issue CN210867469U (en) 2019-12-12 2019-12-12 Mixed excitation wound rotor and mixed excitation wound synchronous motor

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN210867469U (en)

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