CN102593974A - Hybrid excitation switched flux motor - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a hybrid excitation switching flux motor, which belongs to the technical field of motor manufacturing and includes a rotating shaft, a stator and a rotor. A rectangular permanent magnet slot is dug along the direction of the rotating shaft in the stator pole core at the center line ML of each stator pole. The permanent magnet and the stator field winding are placed in the permanent magnet slot. The first effective side of the stator field winding is placed at the bottom of the permanent magnet slot, and the second effective side is placed at the top of the permanent magnet slot. The permanent magnet is inserted into the two effective sides of the stator field winding. between. The excitation magnetic field can be adjusted to improve the control performance of the motor. At the same time, the armature magnetic field will not demagnetize the magnetic field of the permanent magnet, protect the permanent magnet and increase the mechanical strength of the stator core, reduce the leakage flux of the permanent magnet, and improve The utilization rate of the permanent magnets and the existence of the magnetic isolation bridge on the top make the surface of the stator poles without slots, which can reduce the distortion of the air gap magnetic field and induced potential caused by the slots.

Description

A Hybrid Excitation Switched Flux Motor

technical field

The invention relates to a switched flux motor, in particular to a hybrid excitation switched flux motor, which belongs to the technical field of motor manufacturing.

Background technique

As the energy crisis continues to intensify, it has become a worldwide consensus to use permanent magnet excitation instead of electric excitation to save energy consumption. At the same time, since my country is the country with the richest rare earth resources in the world, it is necessary to develop, research and promote the application of new structure rare earth permanent magnet motors. , which has important theoretical significance and practical value. However, due to the shortcomings of the permanent magnet motor itself that the air gap magnetic field cannot be adjusted, it has become a bottleneck that limits its application and promotion.

At present, the hybrid excitation motor based on the rotor permanent magnet motor has a very complicated motor structure, which is facing great challenges in terms of manufacturing process and mass production of finished products; and the switching flux based on permanent magnet The excitation magnetic field of the motor cannot be adjusted, and the control performance is poor.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a hybrid excitation switched flux motor, which has a simple structure, is convenient to implement, and realizes the purpose of adjusting the excitation magnetic field.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a hybrid excitation switched flux motor, including a rotating shaft, a stator and a rotor, the stator includes a stator yoke and stator poles connected to the stator yoke, and every two A stator power winding wire slot is arranged between adjacent stator poles, a stator power winding is arranged in the stator power winding wire slot, the stator power winding is a concentrated winding, and the two effective sides of each stator power winding are respectively arranged in In the stator power winding slots on both sides of the corresponding stator poles, the rotor includes rotor yokes and rotor poles, and a rectangular permanent magnet slot is excavated in the stator pole core at the center line ML of each stator pole along the direction of the rotation axis. A permanent magnet and a stator field winding are placed in a permanent magnet slot, the stator field winding is a concentrated winding, the first effective side of the stator field winding is placed at the bottom of the permanent magnet slot, and the second effective side is placed at the top of the permanent magnet slot , the permanent magnet is inserted between the two effective sides of the stator field winding, the magnetic field direction of the permanent magnet is tangential to its own stator pole, and the magnetic field direction of the permanent magnet on the adjacent stator pole is opposite. The stator field windings on adjacent stator poles are energized in the opposite direction.

The top surface of the permanent magnet slot of the permanent magnet slot is 1 to 2 millimeters from the iron core thickness of the stator pole surface, forming a magnetic isolation bridge at the top of the stator pole. The thickness of the iron core from the bottom surface of the permanent magnet slot of the permanent magnet slot to the outer surface of the stator yoke is also 1 to 2 mm, forming the magnetic isolation magnetic bridge at the bottom of the stator pole.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: (1), the above-mentioned hybrid excitation switched flux motor has a stator field winding on each stator pole, and the magnetic field size of the motor can be easily adjusted by controlling the current of the stator field winding, and the pole Greatly improve the control performance of the motor; (2), the magnetic field direction of the permanent magnet on each stator pole is tangential to its own stator pole body, and the armature magnetic field direction generated by the current of the stator power winding on both sides of the corresponding stator pole It is radial, so the armature magnetic field will not demagnetize the magnetic field of the permanent magnet; (3), there is a magnetic isolation bridge on the top and bottom of the permanent magnet slot, and these magnetic isolation bridges can protect the permanent magnet and increase the mechanical strength of the stator core, and at the same time, the magnetic isolation bridge can reduce the leakage flux of the permanent magnet and improve the utilization rate of the permanent magnet; (4). Distortion of air gap magnetic field and induced potential due to slotting.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the tooth structure of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. Stator yoke, 2. Stator pole, 2-1, Magnetic isolation bridge at the top of stator pole, 2-2, Magnetic isolation bridge at the bottom of stator pole, 2-3, Surface of stator pole, 3. Stator power winding Wire slot, 4, stator power winding, 5, permanent magnet slot, 5-1, top surface of permanent magnet slot, 5-2, bottom surface of permanent magnet slot, 6, permanent magnet, 7, stator excitation winding, 8, rotor yoke, 9. Rotor pole, 10. Rotating shaft, 11. Stator, 12. Rotor, ML, stator pole midline.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below by taking a conventional hybrid excitation switched flux motor with a six-pole stator and an eight-pole rotor as an example and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, this hybrid excitation switching flux motor includes a rotating shaft 10, a stator 11 and a rotor 12, and the stator 11 includes a stator yoke 1 and a stator pole 2 connected to the stator yoke 1, each A stator power winding slot 3 is arranged between two adjacent stator poles 2, and a stator power winding 4 is arranged in the stator power winding slot 3, and the stator power winding 4 is a concentrated winding, and each stator power winding 4 The two effective sides of the two effective sides are respectively arranged in the stator power winding slots 3 on both sides of the corresponding stator pole 2. The rotor 12 includes the rotor yoke 8 and the rotor pole 9, and the stator pole 2 at the midline ML of each stator pole A rectangular permanent magnet slot 5 is excavated along the direction of the rotating shaft 10 in the iron core, and a permanent magnet 6 and a stator field winding 7 are placed in each permanent magnet slot 5. The stator field winding 7 is a concentrated winding, and the first stator field winding 7 One effective side is placed on the bottom of the permanent magnet slot 5, and the second effective side is placed on the top of the permanent magnet slot 5. The permanent magnet 6 is inserted between the two effective sides of the stator field winding 7. The magnetic field of the permanent magnet 6 The direction is tangential to its own stator pole 2, the magnetic field direction of the permanent magnet 6 on the adjacent stator pole 2 is opposite, and the electrification direction of the stator field winding 7 on the adjacent stator pole 2 is opposite. In this embodiment, the iron cores of the stator 11 and the rotor 12 of the above-mentioned hybrid excitation switching flux motor are all made of silicon steel sheets with a thickness of 0.5 mm and die-cast, so that the ends of the windings can be shortened, and the amount of wires and copper loss can be reduced. The stator power windings 4 on the two radially opposite stator poles 2 are connected in series or in parallel to form a one-phase winding, so that the six stator power windings 4 in this embodiment are divided into ABC three-phase windings.

The permanent magnet groove top surface 5-1 of the permanent magnet groove 5 is 1 to 2 millimeters away from the iron core thickness of the stator pole surface 2-3, which constitutes the magnetic isolation magnetic bridge 2-1 at the top of the stator pole, and the permanent magnet groove of the permanent magnet groove 5 The iron core thickness between the bottom surface 5-2 and the outer surface 2-4 of the stator yoke is also 1 to 2 millimeters, forming the magnetic isolation bridge 2-2 at the bottom of the stator pole.

The induction potential principle of the hybrid excitation switched flux motor is as follows: when the motor rotates, the direction of the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 6 remains unchanged, while the main magnetic flux circuit of the motor formed by the motor stator 11 and the rotor 12 changes, so that each phase of the motor stator Alternating magnetic flux is generated under the power winding 4, thereby inducing a three-phase alternating electromotive force in the stator power winding 4, in order to protect the permanent magnet 6 and increase the mechanical strength of the iron core of the stator 11, while reducing the leakage flux of the permanent magnet 6, To improve the utilization rate of the permanent magnet 6, a magnetic isolation magnetic bridge is respectively provided at the top and bottom of the permanent magnet slot 5, namely the magnetic isolation magnetic bridge 2-1 at the top of the stator pole and the magnetic isolation magnetic bridge 2-2 at the bottom of the stator pole ; In addition, due to the existence of the top magnetic isolation magnetic bridge 2-1, the surface of the stator pole 2 is a plane or arc surface, and there is no groove, which reduces the air gap magnetic field caused by slotting on the stator pole in the prior art and the degree of distortion of the induced potential.

The excitation adjustment principle of the above-mentioned hybrid excitation switch flux motor is: when it is necessary to increase the excitation flux of each pole, pass a positive direction DC current to the stator field winding 7 on each pole, and the direction of the magnetic field it produces is the same as the direction of the magnetic field of the permanent magnet 6 Similarly, when the two parts of the magnetic field are added together, the total excitation flux under each pole will increase; when it is necessary to reduce the excitation flux of each pole, pass a negative direction DC current to the stator field winding 7 on each pole, and the magnetic field it generates The direction is opposite to the direction of the magnetic field of the permanent magnet 6, the two parts of the magnetic field are subtracted, and the total excitation flux under each pole will decrease. By controlling the current of the stator field winding 7, the magnetic field size of the motor can be easily adjusted to meet the requirements of motor control. Since each stator field winding 7 is wound on the permanent magnet 6 in the permanent magnet slot 5 on its own stator pole, When the permanent magnet 6 on a certain stator pole is demagnetized, the stator excitation winding 7 on the stator pole is passed a positive direction current to re-magnetize the permanent magnet, thereby restoring the magnetism of the permanent magnet 6 .

Claims (2)

1. A hybrid excitation switched flux motor, including a shaft (10), a stator (11) and a rotor (12), the stator (11) includes a stator yoke (1) and a motor connected to the stator yoke (1) Stator poles (2), a stator power winding slot (3) is arranged between every two adjacent stator poles (2), and a stator power winding (4) is arranged in the stator power winding slot (3) ), the stator power windings (4) are concentrated windings, and the two effective sides of each stator power winding (4) are respectively arranged in the stator power winding slots (3) on both sides of the corresponding stator pole (2). The rotor (12) includes a rotor yoke (8) and a rotor pole (9), which is characterized in that a rectangular permanent magnet slot is dug in the iron core of the stator pole (2) at the center line ML of each stator pole along the direction of the rotation axis (10) (5), place a permanent magnet (6) and a stator field winding (7) in each permanent magnet slot (5), the stator field winding (7) is a concentrated winding, the first stator field winding (7) One effective side is placed on the bottom of the permanent magnet slot (5), the second effective side is placed on the top of the permanent magnet slot (5), and the permanent magnet (6) is inserted between the two effective sides of the stator field winding (7), The magnetic field direction of the permanent magnet (6) is tangential to its own stator pole (2), the magnetic field direction of the permanent magnet (6) on the adjacent stator pole (2) is opposite, and the adjacent stator pole (2) ) on the stator field winding (7) is energized in the opposite direction. 2. A hybrid excitation switched flux motor according to claim 1, characterized in that the permanent magnet slot top surface (5-1) of the permanent magnet slot (5) is at a distance from the stator pole surface (2-3 ) with an iron core thickness of 1 to 2 mm, which constitutes the magnetic isolation magnetic bridge (2-1) at the top of the stator pole. ) The core thickness is also 1 to 2 mm, which constitutes the magnetic isolation magnetic bridge (2-2) at the bottom of the stator pole.

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