CN217265685U - Cow dung and corn stalk are anaerobic digestion processing system in coordination - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of agricultural production equipment, in particular to a cow dung and corn straw synergistic anaerobic digestion treatment system, which comprises a crusher, a belt conveyor, an organic fertilizer fermentation tank, two screw conveyors, an anaerobic digestion reactor, a biogas residue and biogas slurry separator, a homogenizer and a gas collecting bag; the crusher and the organic fertilizer fermentation tank transmit materials through a belt conveyor, a discharge hole of the organic fertilizer fermentation tank is communicated with a feed hole of a first screw conveyor, and a discharge hole of the first screw conveyor is communicated with a feed hole of the anaerobic digestion reactor; the discharge hole of the homogenizer is communicated with the feed inlet of the second screw conveyor, and the discharge hole of the second screw conveyor is communicated with the other feed inlet of the anaerobic digestion reactor; the gas inlet of the gas collecting bag is communicated with the gas outlet of the anaerobic digestion reactor through a rubber pipe, and the discharge port of the anaerobic digestion reactor is communicated with the feed port of the biogas residue and biogas slurry separator. The system improves the utilization efficiency of biomass energy in agricultural wastes.

Description

Cow dung and corn stalk are anaerobic digestion processing system in coordination

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of agricultural production equipment, concretely relates to cow dung and corn stalk anaerobic digestion processing system in coordination.

Background

As a big agricultural country in China, a large amount of agricultural wastes are generated every year, the treatment demand of the agricultural wastes is great, the theoretical yield of straws in China is 7.97 hundred million tons and the amount of collectable resources is about 6.67 hundred million tons as far as 2020. The straw varieties mainly comprise grain crops such as rice, corn, wheat and the like. The agricultural wastes are not timely and scientifically treated, which is the main cause of pollution of the agricultural wastes. Meanwhile, with the rapid development of the dairy cow breeding industry in scale and intensification, the problem of environmental pollution caused by concentrated excrement discharge in dairy farms is increasingly prominent.

Agricultural wastes such as corn stalks, cow dung and the like are biodegradable substances and contain a large amount of organic matters. The cattle manure has high nitrogen content and moderate moisture and contains more humus. The corn stalks mainly comprise a series of organic matters consisting of elements such as carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and the like, and are rich in a large amount of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. Because the cow dung is rich in various nutrients, after proper treatment, the digestibility and the metabolic energy of protein can be improved, pathogenic bacteria can be killed, the palatability can be improved, and the cow dung can be used as feed. The corn straws are rich in a large amount of cellulose and lignin which are difficult to degrade, and in the process of independent anaerobic digestion, the substances which are difficult to degrade can reduce the gas production rate, prolong the digestion period and increase the cost input. The livestock manure does not have the defect, so that the livestock manure becomes a main raw material of biogas for rural users. However, in practice, these agricultural wastes are not used effectively, and most of the crop straw is incinerated or discarded, and only a few are used for producing biogas. The burning of the crop straws can enable the surface layer of the soil to generate high temperature instantly and inhibit the activity of microorganisms, thereby reducing the degradation rate of nutrient substances in the crops and causing the loss of part of organic matters, and the crop straws can generate dense smoke in the burning process to reduce the quality of air around the burning land. In addition, the livestock and poultry manure contains certain heavy metals, pathogenic bacteria and parasites, and can be naturally degraded after being stacked for a long time, so that a large amount of harmful substances and odor are generated. After the harmful substances enter the soil, the self nutrition structure of the soil is changed, the growth environment of soil microorganisms is damaged, and meanwhile, a large amount of insects and flies are attracted by odor, so that viruses are rapidly spread, diseases are spread, and the human health is threatened. Therefore, the straw and the excrement are treated by the anaerobic digestion technology, so that energy substance biogas can be generated, the environmental pollution can be reduced, and the recycling, reduction and harmlessness of organic solid wastes are effectively realized.

The anaerobic digestion of a single raw material can cause unbalance of nutrient elements and easily cause acidification phenomenon of a reaction system, so that the pH value in the system is reduced, and the growth of methanogens is inhibited. Methane production from livestock and poultry manure is low. Mixed anaerobic digestion of livestock manure and other substrates has been applied as an alternative to improve process efficiency while being economically viable.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to solve the problem that single straw digestion rate is low, single excrement and urine raw materials is not enough, improve the utilization efficiency of the biomass energy among the agricultural wastes, and then provide a cow dung and corn stalk anaerobic digestion processing system in coordination.

The utility model discloses a technical scheme do: a cow dung and corn straw collaborative anaerobic digestion treatment system comprises a crusher, a belt conveyor, an organic fertilizer fermentation tank, a first screw conveyor, an anaerobic digestion reactor, a biogas residue and biogas slurry separator, a homogenizer, a second screw conveyor and a gas collecting bag; the crusher and the organic fertilizer fermentation tank transmit materials through a belt conveyor, a discharge hole of the organic fertilizer fermentation tank is communicated with a feed hole of a first spiral conveyor, and a discharge hole of the first spiral conveyor is communicated with a feed hole of the anaerobic digestion reactor; the discharge hole of the homogenizer is communicated with the feed inlet of the second screw conveyor, and the discharge hole of the second screw conveyor is communicated with the other feed inlet of the anaerobic digestion reactor; the gas inlet of the gas collecting bag is communicated with the gas outlet at the top of the anaerobic digestion reactor through a rubber pipe, and the discharge port of the anaerobic digestion reactor is communicated with the feed port of the biogas residue and biogas slurry separator for material conveying.

Further, the reaction temperature of the materials in the anaerobic digestion reactor is 35 ℃ to 2 ℃ to 37 ℃, and the pH value of the materials is 7 to 8.

Further, the reaction time of the materials in the anaerobic digestion reactor is 15-20 days.

Furthermore, the crusher is a shear type crusher and is used for crushing and refining the corn straws.

Further, the homogenizer is a high-speed homogenizing stirrer and is used for homogenizing the cow dung.

This neotype beneficial effect: in order to improve the utilization efficiency of biomass energy in agricultural wastes, a cow dung and corn straw synergistic anaerobic digestion treatment system is provided. The corn straw and the cow dung are mixed for anaerobic digestion, so that two pollutants, namely the crop straw and the cow dung, can be treated, and green fuel methane can be obtained. The system operation is basically stable in the whole treatment process, energy is saved, environment is protected, waste resource utilization and sustainable development can be realized to a large extent, and the popularization of the anaerobic digestion technology is facilitated.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the construction of an anaerobic digestion treatment system according to a first embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a process flow diagram of the treatment of cow dung and corn stover using the anaerobic digestion treatment system of example one.

Detailed Description

Example one

Referring to fig. 1, a cow dung and corn straw collaborative anaerobic digestion treatment system comprises a crusher 1, a belt conveyor 2, an organic fertilizer fermentation tank 3, a first screw conveyor 4, an anaerobic digestion reactor 5, a biogas residue and biogas slurry separator 6, a homogenizer 7, a second screw conveyor 8 and a gas collecting bag 9; the crusher 1 and the organic fertilizer fermentation tank 3 transmit materials through the belt conveyor 2, a discharge hole of the organic fertilizer fermentation tank 3 is communicated with a feed inlet of the first spiral conveyor 4, and a discharge hole of the first spiral conveyor 4 is communicated with a feed inlet of the anaerobic digestion reactor 5; a discharge hole of the homogenizer 7 is communicated with a feed hole of a second screw conveyor 8, and a discharge hole of the second screw conveyor 8 is communicated with the other feed hole of the anaerobic digestion reactor 5; the gas inlet of the gas collecting bag 9 is communicated with the gas outlet at the top of the anaerobic digestion reactor 5 through a rubber pipe, and the discharge port of the anaerobic digestion reactor 5 is communicated with the feed port of the biogas residue and biogas slurry separator 6 for material conveying; the reaction temperature of the materials in the anaerobic digestion reactor 5 is 36 ℃, the pH value of the materials is 7.5, and the reaction time of the materials in the anaerobic digestion reactor 5 is 18 days; the crusher 1 is a shear type crusher; the homogenizer 7 is a high-speed homogenizing stirrer.

Firstly, the corn straws are crushed and refined by a crusher, other organic wastes can be added, then the crushed straws are subjected to aerobic decomposition pretreatment by an organic fertilizer fermentation tank, and a part of the corn straws can be directly returned to the field for treatment. And finally, uniformly mixing the homogenized cow dung and the pretreated corn straw according to a certain total solid concentration (TS) and then putting the mixture into an anaerobic digestion reactor. The corn straw crushed and refined by the crusher is convenient for the microorganism to more efficiently utilize the raw material. When the cow dung is homogenized, the homogenizer uniformly mixes the dung liquid to make the dung liquid have fine texture, and the digestibility and the metabolic rate of protein can be improved. Uniformly mixing the pretreated cow dung and the corn straws according to the total solid concentration (TS) value of 12 percent, and adding the mixture into an anaerobic digestion reactor. Under the concentration, hemicellulose is most easily decomposed in the digestion process, the nutrient elements of the system are relatively balanced, and the anaerobic digestion system can stably run. The digestion temperature of the anaerobic digestion reactor was set at 37 + -2 deg.C. Can ensure that relatively high pollutant removal rate and energy recovery rate are obtained on the premise of low energy consumption. The gas inlet of the gas collecting bag is connected with the gas outlet of the anaerobic digestion reactor through a gas conveying rubber pipe and is used for collecting gas. After the anaerobic digestion reaction is finished, the obtained biogas residues and biogas slurry are treated by a biogas residue and biogas slurry separator. Most of separated biogas residues enter incineration or landfill facilities, and biogas slurry enters a sewage treatment system and is recycled or discharged after reaching standards after being treated. And (3) refining the biogas residues and the biogas slurry, wherein the residues after treatment can be used for preparing a soil conditioner and mixing and improving the soil.

As the straws contain a large amount of cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin and other high polymer, and are difficult to degrade, in the process of independent anaerobic digestion, the substances which are difficult to degrade can reduce the gas production rate, prolong the digestion period and increase the cost input. The livestock manure does not have the defect, so that the livestock manure becomes a main raw material of biogas for rural users. In addition, the carbon-nitrogen ratio in the livestock and poultry manure is low, so that the problems of long system starting time, low reaction rate and the like are caused, and the gas production performance is influenced. Therefore, the two raw materials are subjected to synergistic anaerobic digestion, the multi-raw material mixed fermentation technology is a process of fermenting multiple materials in the same container, the buffer capacity of fermentation liquor can be enhanced by keeping balance of nutrient elements, carbon-nitrogen ratio, pH value and the like in a fermentation substrate, the synergistic effect of microorganisms is improved, the inhibition of harmful substances to the fermentation process is reduced, and the production efficiency of the methane is effectively improved. Meanwhile, the residue after digestion is subjected to resource treatment, so that secondary pollution to the environment is prevented. And the method can be used for preparing soil conditioners to form organic fertilizers, so that the resource utilization maximization of the corn straws and the cow dung is realized. Meanwhile, the defect of anaerobic digestion of a single raw material is avoided, the conversion efficiency of organic matters in agricultural wastes is improved, and the resource utilization of straws and cow dung can be realized to a greater extent.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention should be covered by the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope defined by the claims.

Claims (3)

1. The utility model provides a cow dung and anaerobic digestion processing system in coordination with corn stalk which characterized in that: the treatment system comprises a crusher (1), a belt conveyor (2), an organic fertilizer fermentation tank (3), a first spiral conveyer (4), an anaerobic digestion reactor (5), a biogas residue and biogas slurry separator (6), a homogenizer (7), a second spiral conveyer (8) and a gas collecting bag (9); the crusher (1) and the organic fertilizer fermentation tank (3) transmit materials through the belt conveyor (2), a discharge hole of the organic fertilizer fermentation tank (3) is communicated with a feed hole of the first spiral conveyor (4), and a discharge hole of the first spiral conveyor (4) is communicated with a feed hole of the anaerobic digestion reactor (5); a discharge hole of the homogenizer (7) is communicated with a feed hole of a second screw conveyor (8), and a discharge hole of the second screw conveyor (8) is communicated with the other feed hole of the anaerobic digestion reactor (5); the gas inlet of the gas collecting bag (9) is communicated with the gas outlet at the top of the anaerobic digestion reactor (5) through a rubber pipe, and the discharge hole of the anaerobic digestion reactor (5) is communicated with the feed hole of the biogas residue and biogas slurry separator (6) for material conveying.

2. The system for the cooperative anaerobic digestion treatment of cow dung and corn stalks according to claim 1, wherein: the crusher (1) is a shear type crusher.

3. The system for the cooperative anaerobic digestion treatment of cow dung and corn stalks according to claim 1, wherein: the homogenizer (7) is a high-speed homogenizing stirrer.

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