CN217162248U - Multidirectional porous guider for femoral neck fracture - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a multi-directional porous guider for femoral neck fracture, which comprises a guiding body and a handle arranged on the guiding body, wherein the guiding body is provided with six end surfaces, namely a rear end surface, a front end surface, a first side end surface and a second side end surface which are parallel, and an upper end surface and a lower end surface which are parallel; the center of the lower half part of the guide body is provided with three first guide holes which are parallel to each other in a penetrating way from the rear end surface to the front end surface, and the three first guide holes are distributed in a vertical array and are parallel to the first side end surface and the upper end surface simultaneously; the first half of direction body runs through along the preceding terminal surface of rear end face and has seted up second guiding hole and third guiding hole. The utility model discloses simple structure easily operates, and is accurate and swift when putting into the guide pin, can make three pieces of hollow screw fixed with maximum dispersion degree's spatial configuration, and then obtains the biggest cortex and supports and strongest biomechanics stability.

Description

Multidirectional porous guider for femoral neck fracture

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of medical equipment, especially relate to a multidirectional porous director of femoral neck fracture.

Background

Femoral neck fractures are one of the common types of fractures, with an incidence of approximately 3.61% of total body fractures. Because the anatomy structure and blood supply are special, the incidence of fracture nonunion and aseptic necrosis of femoral head is higher than that of fractures at other parts, therefore, the fracture of femoral neck is treated by operation. For middle-aged and young patients with the age of less than 60 years, internal fixation therapy is the first clinical choice, wherein the cannulated screws are fixed to the internal fixation gold standard, and most of the cannulated screws are fixed by 3 parallel cannulated screws with inverted triangles.

The first method is to insert a guide pin by bare hand under X-ray monitoring and insert a hollow screw under the guide of the guide pin; the second is that after the guide pin is placed from the proximal end of the femur through the 3-hole parallel guider, the guider is taken off and the hollow screw is placed. Wherein bare-handed putting into the guide pin needs many times X line perspective, has increased medical staff and patient's radiation damage, and there is certain error rate in the bare-handed guide pin of putting into moreover, often needs direction and the angle of adjustment guide pin repeatedly, has increased the bone injury, has prolonged the operation time. The other type is that the guide pin is arranged in the guide pin through the 3-hole parallel guider, and then the hollow screw is arranged along the guide pin for parallel fixation, because the diameter of the femoral head on the anatomical structure is larger than that of the femoral neck, the front end of the 3 hollow screws is positioned in the central area in the femoral head, and the cadres of the screws are also positioned at the central part of the cross section of the femoral neck, the fixation mode ensures that the screws have large cortical distance from the femoral neck and the femoral head, the maximum cortical support of the femoral neck can not be obtained, the 3 screws are fixed in parallel, the mechanical stability is not strong enough, and the risks of femoral neck fracture displacement, retroversion and shortening are increased.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to solve the technical problem that, overcome prior art not enough, provide a multidirectional porous director of femoral neck fracture, its simple structure easily operates, and is accurate and swift when putting into the guide pin, can make three pieces of hollow screw fixed with maximum dispersion degree's spatial configuration, and then obtains the biggest cortex and supports and strongest biomechanics stability.

In order to solve the technical problem, the technical scheme of the utility model is that:

a multi-directional porous guider for femoral neck fracture comprises a guiding body and a handle arranged on the guiding body, wherein the guiding body is provided with six end surfaces, namely a rear end surface, a front end surface, a first side end surface, a second side end surface, an upper end surface and a lower end surface, which are parallel to each other, respectively;

the center of the lower half part of the guide body is provided with three first guide holes which are parallel to each other in a penetrating way from the rear end surface to the front end surface, and the three first guide holes are distributed in a vertical array and are parallel to the first side end surface and the upper end surface simultaneously;

first half of the terminal surface runs through along the rear end and has seted up second guiding hole and third guiding hole to the preceding terminal surface of direction body, the second guiding hole is close to first side terminal surface and presses close to up end and first side terminal surface gradually along rear end to front end, the third guiding hole is close to second side terminal surface and presses close to up end and second side terminal surface gradually along rear end to front end.

Further, the included angle between second guiding hole and the up end is 2, the included angle between second guiding hole and the first side terminal surface is 2, the included angle between third guiding hole and the up end is 2, the included angle between third guiding hole and the second side terminal surface is 3.

Furthermore, be provided with three location nail on the preceding terminal surface, and three location nail is regular triangle distribution.

Further, the included angle between the front end face and the lower end face is 115 degrees.

Further, the anterior face is shaped to fit an arcuate surface of the lateral side of the proximal end of the femur.

Further, the distance between two adjacent first guide holes is 3 mm.

Further, the aperture of the first guide hole, the aperture of the second guide hole and the aperture of the third guide hole are all 2.7 mm.

Further, the handle is arranged at the rear end of the upper end face, and an included angle between the handle and the upper end face is 115 degrees.

By adopting the technical scheme, the utility model discloses following beneficial effect has:

1. the utility model discloses a terminal surface pastes tight thighbone near-end outside before the direction body, utilizes one in second guiding hole, third guiding hole and the three first guiding hole to guide respectively and puts into the guide pin, treat the guide pin and put into and take off this director after finishing, three guide pins of rethread put into three pieces of hollow screw can, whole simple structure easily operates to accurate and swift when putting into the guide pin, the bone damage has been reduced, the security of operation has been improved simultaneously, the operation time has been shortened.

2. The utility model discloses a set up second guiding hole and the third guiding hole of angulation design, including three optional first guiding hole, make the guide pin that passes through can the multi-angle dispersion, and then make three pieces of hollow screw of putting into can distribute in the peripheral region in thighbone neck and femoral head as far as possible, obtain the bigger support of thighbone neck and head cortex, effectively confront the shearing force between the thighbone section, three pieces of hollow screw apart from the distance at thighbone neck center with increased, the triangle-shaped area that makes its constitution accounts for the proportion grow of thighbone neck cross section, three pieces of hollow screw form the multi-angle fixed, holistic biomechanics stability is stronger, can prevent effectively that thighbone neck from breaking the aversion, hypsokinesis and short shrink.

3. The utility model relates to a three optional first guiding hole can select suitable first guiding hole as the summit of falling the triangle among three hollow screw according to each people's thighbone neck diameter to satisfy clinical application, guaranteed the operation quality.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the portion A in FIG. 1;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of another perspective structure of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the structure of the portion B in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a rear view of the partial structure of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a left side view of the partial structure of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a top view of a partial structure of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a view showing a usage state of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a view showing a state of the femur inserted into the cannulated screw through the guide pin according to the embodiment;

FIG. 10 is a view showing the femur after insertion of cannulated screws according to an embodiment;

FIG. 11 is another perspective view of the femur after cannulated screws of the example embodiment;

wherein, 1, the guide body; 11. a first guide hole; 12. a second guide hole; 13. a third guide hole; 2. a handle; 3. a rear end face; 4. a front end face; 40. positioning nails; 5. a first side end surface; 6. a second side end surface; 7. guiding a needle; 8. a cannulated screw; 9. the femur.

Detailed Description

In order that the present invention may be more readily and clearly understood, the following detailed description of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1-11, in the present embodiment, there is provided a multi-directional multi-hole guider for fracture of femoral neck, comprising a guiding body 1 and a handle 2 arranged on the guiding body 1, wherein the guiding body 1 is a six-sided block structure, the guiding body 1 has six end faces, namely a rear end face 3, a front end face 4, a first side end face 5 and a second side end face 6 which are parallel to each other, and upper and lower end faces which are parallel to each other, and an included angle between the upper end face and the first side end face 5 is preferably 90 °. Wherein the center of the lower half part of the guide body 1 runs through the front end face 4 along the rear end face 3 and is provided with three first guide holes 11 which are parallel to each other, the three first guide holes 11 are distributed in a vertical array and are parallel to the first side end face 5 and the upper end face, and one of the holes is selected according to the actual diameter of the femoral neck of each person during use. First half of direction body 1 runs through along rear end face 3 and has seted up second guiding hole 12 and third guiding hole 13 to preceding terminal surface 4, second guiding hole 12 and third guiding hole 13 all become the angular design, wherein second guiding hole 12 is close to first side terminal surface 5, the specific incline orientation of second guiding hole 12 is pressed close to up end and first side terminal surface 5 along rear end to front end gradually, third guiding hole 13 is close to second side terminal surface 6, the specific incline orientation of third guiding hole 13 is pressed close to up end and second side terminal surface 6 along rear end to front end gradually. Preferably, a plane where the central axes of the three first guide holes 11 are located is a first plane, a plane which passes through the central axis of the uppermost first guide hole 11 and is perpendicular to the first plane is a second plane, rear ports of the second guide holes 12 and rear ports of the third guide holes 13 are symmetrical with respect to the first plane on the rear end surface 3, distances from centers of the rear ports of the second guide holes 12 and the third guide holes 13 to the first plane are both 7mm, and distances from centers of the rear ports of the second guide holes 12 and the third guide holes 13 to the second plane are both 13 mm.

In the present embodiment, when operating and using, the handle 2 is firstly held to tightly attach the front end surface 4 of the guide body 1 to the proximal outer side of the femur 9, and then a first guide hole 11 is selected according to the actual diameter of the femoral neck to insert the first guide pin 7, in the present embodiment, the middle first guide hole 11 is selected in fig. 8; after the first guide pin 7 is arranged, a second guide pin 7 and a third guide pin 7 are respectively arranged in the first guide pin and the second guide pin sequentially through a second guide hole 12 and a third guide hole 13; after the three guide pins 7 are completely inserted, the embodiment is taken away, three hollow screws 8 are inserted along the three guide pins 7, and the three guide pins 7 are pulled out after the hollow screws 8 are completely inserted in place. The whole structure of this embodiment is simple and easy to operate to when putting into the guide pin accurate and swift, reduced the bone injury, improved the security of operation simultaneously, shortened the operation time, brought a lot of convenience for the doctor. Meanwhile, the embodiment is provided with the inclined second guide hole 12 and the inclined third guide hole 13, and the three selectable first guide holes 11 are added, so that the passing guide pins can be dispersed as much as possible, and then the three embedded hollow screws can be distributed in the peripheral regions of the femoral neck and the femoral head as much as possible, so as to obtain larger support of the femoral neck and the head cortex, effectively resist the shearing force between the femoral sections, increase the distance between the three hollow screws and the center of the femoral neck, increase the proportion of the formed triangular area occupying the femoral neck cross section, and fix the three hollow screws in a dispersing multi-angle manner, so that the holding force of the screws is stronger, the stability of the whole biomechanics is stronger, the compression stress below the femoral neck and the tension stress above the femoral neck can be effectively resisted, and further the fracture displacement, retroversion and short shrinkage of the femoral neck are prevented.

Specifically, in order to adapt to the diameter of most of human femoral necks and obtain stronger and more stable supporting force, the included angle between the second guide hole 12 and the upper end surface is 2 °, the included angle between the second guide hole 12 and the first lateral end surface 5 is 2 °, the included angle between the third guide hole 13 and the upper end surface is 2 °, and the included angle between the third guide hole 13 and the second lateral end surface 6 is 3 °.

In order to facilitate the surgical positioning of the guide body 1, three positioning nails 40 are arranged on the front end surface 4 of the embodiment, and the three positioning nails 40 are distributed in a regular triangle manner, so that when the proximal end of the femur 9 is tightly attached to the outer side, the positioning can be carried out through the three positioning nails 40, and the sliding and shaking in the surgery can be prevented.

In order to better adapt to the radian of the outer side of the proximal end of the femur 9, the included angle between the front end surface 4 and the lower end surface in the embodiment is 115 degrees, and the front end surface 4 is shaped into an arc surface adapted to the outer side of the proximal end of the femur, so that the guide pin is more fit when tightly attached to the proximal end of the femur 9, and the guide pin is ensured to be more accurately placed.

In order to match the diameter of most human femoral necks, the distance between two adjacent first guide holes 11 in this embodiment is 3 mm. In order to fit the optimum cannulated screw size, the hole diameters of the first guide hole 11, the second guide hole 12 and the third guide hole 13 are all 2.7 mm.

In order to save more labor and facilitate the operation of the doctor, the handle 2 in this embodiment is disposed at the rear end of the upper end surface, and the included angle between the handle 2 and the upper end surface is 115 °.

In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

The above embodiments further describe the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in detail, it should be understood that the above only are embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides a multidirectional porous director of femoral neck fracture which characterized in that: the guide device comprises a guide body (1) and a handle (2) arranged on the guide body (1), wherein the guide body (1) is provided with six end faces, namely a rear end face (3), a front end face (4), a first side end face (5), a second side end face (6) which are parallel to each other and an upper end face and a lower end face which are parallel to each other;

the center of the lower half part of the guide body (1) penetrates through the front end face (4) along the rear end face (3) to form three first guide holes (11) which are parallel to each other, and the three first guide holes (11) are distributed in a vertical array and are parallel to the first side end face (5) and the upper end face;

first one edge rear end face (3) runs through to preceding terminal surface (4) and has seted up second guiding hole (12) and third guiding hole (13) direction body (1), second guiding hole (12) are close to first side end face (5) and press close to up end and first side end face (5) along rear end to front end gradually, third guiding hole (13) are close to second side end face (6) and press close to up end and second side end face (6) along rear end to front end gradually.

2. A femoral neck fracture multidirectional multihole guide according to claim 1, wherein: the included angle between second guiding hole (12) and the up end is 2, the included angle between second guiding hole (12) and first side terminal surface (5) is 2, the included angle between third guiding hole (13) and the up end is 2, the included angle between third guiding hole (13) and second side terminal surface (6) is 3.

3. A femoral neck fracture multidirectional multihole guide according to claim 1, wherein: the front end face (4) is provided with three positioning nails (40), and the three positioning nails (40) are distributed in a regular triangle.

4. The multidirectional multihole guide for femoral neck fracture according to claim 1, wherein: the included angle between the front end face (4) and the lower end face is 115 degrees.

5. The multidirectional porous guide for femoral neck fractures according to claim 4, wherein: the front end face (4) is shaped to fit the arc-shaped surface of the outer side of the proximal end of the femur.

6. A femoral neck fracture multidirectional multihole guide according to claim 1, wherein: the distance between two adjacent first guide holes (11) is 3 mm.

7. A femoral neck fracture multidirectional multihole guide according to claim 1, wherein: the aperture of each of the first guide hole (11), the second guide hole (12) and the third guide hole (13) is 2.7 mm.

8. A femoral neck fracture multidirectional multihole guide according to claim 1, wherein: the handle (2) is arranged at the rear end of the upper end face, and an included angle between the handle (2) and the upper end face is 115 degrees.

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