CN212661905U - Femoral neck fracture fixing device - Google Patents
Femoral neck fracture fixing device Download PDFInfo
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- CN212661905U CN212661905U CN202020451662.1U CN202020451662U CN212661905U CN 212661905 U CN212661905 U CN 212661905U CN 202020451662 U CN202020451662 U CN 202020451662U CN 212661905 U CN212661905 U CN 212661905U
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- main nail
- nail hole
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- femoral neck
- hole
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- 208000020089 femoral neck fracture Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 210000002436 femur neck Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 210000001694 thigh bone Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 210000000689 upper leg Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000001054 cortical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000037237 body shape Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 206010017076 Fracture Diseases 0.000 abstract description 15
- 208000010392 Bone Fractures Diseases 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 210000001624 hip Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 210000004872 soft tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000035876 healing Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007794 irritation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 208000024779 Comminuted Fractures Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 206010017088 Fracture nonunion Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000000642 iatrogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002324 minimally invasive surgery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010020100 Hip fracture Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000001132 Osteoporosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010039203 Road traffic accident Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000469816 Varus Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004064 dysfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004394 hip joint Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000011540 hip replacement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000528 lesser trochanter Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000017074 necrotic cell death Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000399 orthopedic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011277 treatment modality Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011269 treatment regimen Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a femoral neck fracture fixing device, which comprises a lateral fixing plate, a plurality of femoral neck main nails and a transverse locking nail, wherein the lateral fixing plate has an anatomical shape, the lateral fixing plate is provided with a first main nail hole, a second main nail hole and a third main nail hole, and the first main nail hole, the second main nail hole and the third main nail hole are respectively used for receiving one femoral neck main nail; the far end of the lateral fixing plate, which corresponds to the cortical bone of the proximal femur, is also provided with a transverse locking nail hole which is used for receiving a transverse locking nail; the downthehole bone neck owner nail of first main nail locks in thighbone neck central part, and the main nail of thighbone neck in second main nail hole and third main nail hole locks in the upper and lower part of thighbone neck respectively to hug closely the front and back side cortex and place, and the main nail of thighbone neck in second main nail hole and third main nail hole is towards keeping away from the side of other side and scattering the setting, in order to provide one kind and be different from prior art's thighbone neck fracture internal fixation device.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the field of medical equipment, specifically relate to a femoral neck fracture fixing device.
Background
Femoral neck fracture is one of common clinical hip fractures, and old patients often suffer from osteoporosis under slight external force such as falling, while young and old patients are often secondary to larger violence such as traffic accidents, high-altitude falling injuries and the like. According to anatomical positions, femoral neck fractures can be divided into subcephalic, medium cervical and basal types; according to the angle of Pauwell's, the fracture surface can be divided into type I (<30 degrees), type II (30-50 degrees) and type III (>50 degrees), and the shearing force of the fracture end increases along with the increase of the angle, thereby increasing the treatment difficulty. According to Garden type, type I and II are non-displacement fracture, type III and type IV are displacement fracture, and the displacement fracture is often combined with comminuted fracture block. The current clinical common treatment strategy is to use total hip or half hip replacement for elderly patients. Joint replacement is not the preferred option for young patients with femoral neck fractures due to the limited useful life of the prosthetic joint and the higher mobility requirements of young patients. For young and middle-aged patients, the main treatment targets are to keep self joints through internal fixation, promote fracture healing and recover the activity function of hip joints.
The internal fixation treatment of femoral neck fracture mainly comprises the following modes: a hollow compression screw, a Dynamic Hip Screw (DHS), a hollow compression screw attached to an inner anti-skid steel plate of the femoral neck, a lateral locking nail plate system, and the like. The hollow compression screws are arranged in parallel by adopting an inverted triangle or a regular triangle conventionally, which allows minimally invasive percutaneous operation, theoretically can achieve dynamic compression fixation of fracture broken ends, and is a mode adopted by more doctors at present. But the requirement on technical operation is high, and iatrogenic fracture around the femoral trochanter can be caused by repeatedly feeding nails for many times; and the retaining force of the self on the proximal lateral wall of the femur is weak, and the screw is easy to withdraw, so that adverse complications such as femoral neck shortening, hip varus and the like are caused. The improved F-shaped nail is fixed by three hollow screws, can theoretically resist larger shearing stress of the femoral neck, but has larger screw inclination and is positioned below the lesser trochanter, so that the nail placing difficulty is larger. DHS is a steel plate device with a fixed angle, has better shearing resistance, but the near end of the DHS is a single main nail with weaker anti-rotation capability, the near end of the DHS is easy to rotate when being placed in, and the lateral steel plate has larger volume and is easy to irritate soft tissues on the outer side of the femur to cause the discomfort of the outer side of the hip of a patient. The lateral locking steel plate can theoretically resist the screw from withdrawing and avoid the shortening of the femoral neck, but also has the defect of irritation of the lateral steel plate, and more importantly, the risk of the screw penetrating out of the femoral head or the fracture of the screw, the fracture nonunion and the like is easy to occur. Despite the numerous treatment modalities available at present, the incidence of complications such as femoral head necrosis, nonunion of fracture, excessive shortening of femoral neck, hip dysfunction, etc. after internal fixation of femoral neck fracture is still high. Therefore, internal fixation treatment of femoral neck fracture is one of the most challenging orthopedic problems.
In summary, each internal fixation mode of femoral neck fracture has the defects, and the design of the fixation mode which gives consideration to clinical curative effect and minimally invasive property has important clinical value by improving the existing mode.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at providing a femoral neck fracture fixing device to a femoral neck fracture internal fixation scheme who is different from prior art is provided.
The specific scheme is as follows:
a femoral neck fracture fixing device, which comprises a lateral fixing plate, a plurality of femoral neck main nails and a transverse locking nail, wherein,
the lateral fixing plate is provided with a main body shape which is in accordance with the external anatomical radian of the proximal femur, the lateral fixing plate is provided with a first main nail hole which is arranged corresponding to the central part of the femoral neck, a second main nail hole and a third main nail hole which are corresponding to the upper part and the lower part of the femoral neck and are closely attached to the front bone cortex and the rear bone cortex, and the first main nail hole, the second main nail hole and the third main nail hole are respectively used for receiving one femoral neck main nail; the far end of the lateral fixing plate, which corresponds to the cortical bone of the proximal femur, is also provided with a transverse locking nail hole which is used for receiving a transverse locking nail;
the downthehole bone neck owner nail of first main nail locks in thighbone neck central part, and the main nail of thighbone neck in second main nail hole and third main nail hole locks in the upper and lower part of thighbone neck respectively to hug closely the front and back bone cortex and place, and the main nail of thighbone neck in second main nail hole and third main nail hole is towards keeping away from the side scatter setting of other side.
In some embodiments, the first main nail hole, the second main nail hole and the third main nail hole are frustum-shaped axial guide holes with a large inner diameter at the inlet and a small inner diameter at the outlet.
In some embodiments, the femoral neck main nail is a half-threaded cannulated screw.
In some embodiments, a screw pressing cap is further screwed on the nut of the femoral neck main screw, an external thread is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the screw pressing cap, and internal threads matched with the external thread of the screw pressing cap are arranged in the first main screw hole, the second main screw hole and the third main screw hole.
In some embodiments, the cross pin hole is a slide hole.
In some embodiments, the cross locking pin is a full thread screw.
In some embodiments, a plurality of guide pin holes are further disposed on the lateral fixing plate.
The utility model provides a femoral neck fracture fixing device compares with prior art and has following advantage: the utility model provides a femoral neck fracture fixing device which adopts the combined action of axle center pressurization, lateral support and angle locking to fix the femoral neck fracture of a patient in an internal fixation treatment mode, can promote fracture healing and avoid the excessive shortening of the femoral neck; moreover, small incision minimally invasive surgery operation can be adopted, soft tissue stripping is reduced to the maximum extent, soft tissue irritation is reduced, and the comfort of a patient is improved; after fixation, the biomechanics is stable, early loading and functional exercise are allowed, and the device is particularly suitable for the femoral neck fracture of young and middle-aged people with displacement.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows a schematic view of a femoral neck fracture fixation device.
Fig. 2 shows a schematic view of a side fixing plate.
Fig. 3 shows a schematic view of a femoral neck fracture fixation device secured to a femoral neck bone.
Fig. 4 shows another schematic view of a femoral neck fracture fixation device secured to a femoral neck bone.
Detailed Description
To further illustrate the embodiments, the present invention provides the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this disclosure, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the embodiments. With these references, one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate other possible embodiments and advantages of the present invention. Elements in the figures are not drawn to scale and like reference numerals are generally used to indicate like elements.
The present invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
In order to overcome the defects of the conventional internal fixation method for femoral neck fracture, the present embodiment provides a femoral neck fracture fixation device, which, referring to fig. 1 to 3, includes a lateral fixing plate 10, a plurality of femoral neck main nails 20, and a transverse locking nail 30. Wherein,
the lateral fixing plate 10 has a main body shape conforming to the external anatomical curvature of the proximal femur, the lateral fixing plate 10 has a first main nail hole 101 corresponding to the central portion of the femoral neck, a second main nail hole 102 and a third main nail hole 103 corresponding to the upper and lower portions of the femoral neck and closely attached to the anterior and posterior bone cortex, the first main nail hole 101, the second main nail hole 102 and the third main nail hole 103 are respectively used for receiving one femoral neck main nail 20, for convenience of description, the femoral neck main nail 20 in the first main nail hole 101 is defined as a first main nail 201, the femoral neck main nail 20 in the second main nail hole 102 is defined as a second main nail 202, and the femoral neck main nail 20 in the third main nail hole 103 is defined as a third main nail 203.
First main nail 201 locks in thighbone neck central part, play whole axle center pressurized effect to thighbone neck broken end, second main nail 202 and third main nail 203 lock in the upper and lower part of thighbone neck respectively, and hug closely the front and back side cortex and place, and second main nail 202 and third main nail 203 are non-parallel arrangement each other, but scatter towards side, in order to play the effect that side supported, avoid the thighbone neck excessive slip and then cause the shortening, can also play the effect of rebuilding or replacing the cortex of bone in comminuted fracture.
The distal end of the lateral fixing plate 10 corresponding to the proximal cortical bone of femur is further provided with a transverse locking nail hole 104, the transverse locking nail hole 104 is used for receiving a transverse locking nail 30, the transverse locking nail 30 can make the lateral fixing plate 10 cling to the proximal cortical bone of femur after being locked, and form an angle locking device with the lateral fixing plate 10, so that the device has the functions of unloading vertical stress and avoiding fracture vertical displacement. The cross pin hole 104 is preferably provided as a slide hole to facilitate the up-and-down position adjustment of the cross pin 30 in the cross pin hole 104. The cross locking pin 30 is preferably a fully threaded screw.
The femoral neck fracture fixing device provided by the embodiment adopts the combined action of axis pressurization, lateral support and angle locking, fixes the femoral neck fracture of a patient in an internal fixation treatment mode, can promote fracture healing and avoid excessive shortening of the femoral neck; moreover, small incision minimally invasive surgery operation can be adopted, soft tissue stripping is reduced to the maximum extent, soft tissue irritation is reduced, and the comfort of a patient is improved; after fixation, the biomechanics is stable, early loading and functional exercise are allowed, and the device is particularly suitable for the femoral neck fracture of young and middle-aged people with displacement.
In this embodiment, the first main nail hole 101, the second main nail hole 102 and the third main nail hole 103 are all frustum-shaped axial guide holes with a large inner diameter at the inlet and a small inner diameter at the outlet, and the first main nail hole 101, the second main nail hole 102 and the third main nail hole 103 can guide the insertion of the intraoperative guide pin and the femoral neck main nail 20, reduce the number of intraoperative perspectives and reduce the occurrence of iatrogenic fractures, and simplify the operation steps of the operation.
In the embodiment, the femur neck main nail 20 is a half-thread hollow screw produced and processed by adopting a titanium alloy material, the diameter of a screw rod of the femur neck main nail 20 is phi 6.5 mm-phi 7.0mm, the length of the screw rod is 70 mm-120 mm, the length of a thread at the front section of the screw rod is 16 mm-48 mm, and the rear section of the screw rod is in a polished rod cylinder shape and allows the rear section of the screw rod to slide in a corresponding main nail hole; the diameter of the screw cap of the femoral neck main nail 20 is 8.0 mm-8.5 mm, and the hollow center of the femoral neck main nail 20 can be matched with the hollow guide needle, so that the micro-wound implantation is facilitated.
Preferably, the screw cap of the femur neck main nail 20 and the first to third main nail holes further have a structure matched with the screw pressing cap 40, specifically, the screw cap of the femur neck main nail 20 has an external thread matched with the internal thread of the screw pressing cap 40, and the first to third main nail holes all have an internal thread matched with the external thread of the screw pressing cap 40, so that the screw pressing cap can lock the femur neck main nail 20 and the side fixing plate 10 into a whole. Therefore, the locking and non-locking design is considered for the connection between the lateral fixing plate 10 and the nut of the main nail 20 of the femoral neck, the individualized screw fixation can be carried out according to the clinical requirement, and the flexible selection can be more conveniently carried out according to the actual situation in the operation.
In this embodiment, the lateral fixing plate 10 is further provided with a plurality of guide pin holes 105, and these guide pin holes 105 can be used for inserting a fine guide pin and a temporary fracture fixing guide pin in an operation, so as to facilitate the adjustment of the position of the lateral fixing plate 10 and enable the femoral neck main nail 20 to be implanted more smoothly.
While the invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A femoral neck fracture fixing device which characterized in that: comprises a lateral fixed plate, a plurality of femoral neck main nails and a transverse locking nail, wherein,
the lateral fixing plate is provided with a main body shape which is in accordance with the external anatomical radian of the proximal femur, the lateral fixing plate is provided with a first main nail hole which is arranged corresponding to the central part of the femoral neck, a second main nail hole and a third main nail hole which are corresponding to the upper part and the lower part of the femoral neck and are closely attached to the front bone cortex and the rear bone cortex, and the first main nail hole, the second main nail hole and the third main nail hole are respectively used for receiving one femoral neck main nail; the far end of the lateral fixing plate, which corresponds to the cortical bone of the proximal femur, is also provided with a transverse locking nail hole which is used for receiving a transverse locking nail;
the downthehole bone neck owner nail of first main nail locks in thighbone neck central part, and the main nail of thighbone neck in second main nail hole and third main nail hole locks in the upper and lower part of thighbone neck respectively to hug closely the front and back bone cortex and place, and the main nail of thighbone neck in second main nail hole and third main nail hole is towards keeping away from the side scatter setting of other side.
2. The fixture according to claim 1, wherein: the first main nail hole, the second main nail hole and the third main nail hole are frustum-shaped axial guide holes with large inner diameter at an inlet and small inner diameter at an outlet.
3. A femoral neck fracture fixation device as in claim 1, wherein: the main nail of the femoral neck is a half-thread hollow screw.
4. A femoral neck fracture fixation device as in claim 3, wherein: the screw cap is connected to the screw cap of the femur neck main nail in a screwed mode, an external thread is arranged on the outer peripheral face of the screw cap, and internal threads matched with the external thread of the screw cap are arranged in the first main nail hole, the second main nail hole and the third main nail hole.
5. A femoral neck fracture fixation device as in claim 1, wherein: the transverse lock pin hole is a sliding hole.
6. A femoral neck fracture fixation device as in claim 1, wherein: the transverse locking nail is a full-thread screw.
7. A femoral neck fracture fixation device as in claim 1, wherein: and a plurality of guide pin holes are also formed in the lateral fixing plate.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202020451662.1U CN212661905U (en) | 2020-04-01 | 2020-04-01 | Femoral neck fracture fixing device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202020451662.1U CN212661905U (en) | 2020-04-01 | 2020-04-01 | Femoral neck fracture fixing device |
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| CN212661905U true CN212661905U (en) | 2021-03-09 |
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| CN202020451662.1U Active CN212661905U (en) | 2020-04-01 | 2020-04-01 | Femoral neck fracture fixing device |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115399859A (en) * | 2022-08-31 | 2022-11-29 | 天津科技大学 | Femoral screw based on orthogonal test |
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2020
- 2020-04-01 CN CN202020451662.1U patent/CN212661905U/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115399859A (en) * | 2022-08-31 | 2022-11-29 | 天津科技大学 | Femoral screw based on orthogonal test |
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