CN212326542U - Femoral neck fracture fixing device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a femoral neck fracture fixing device, which comprises a side locking plate and a plurality of femoral neck main nails, wherein the appearance of the main body of the side locking plate has an anatomical radian which is in line with the outer side of the proximal end of a femur, the femoral neck main nails comprise a first femoral neck main nail, a second femoral neck main nail, a third femoral neck main nail and a fourth femoral neck main nail, and the side locking plate is provided with a plurality of main nail holes which are matched with the femoral neck main nails; the first femoral neck main nail is locked at the central part of the femoral neck, the second femoral neck main nail is vertically locked at the fracture end of the femoral neck, the third femoral neck main nail and the fourth femoral neck main nail are respectively tightly attached to the cortex of the left femoral neck bone and the cortex of the right femoral neck bone and locked, and the third femoral neck main nail and the fourth femoral neck main nail are respectively unfolded towards the respective sides, so that the femoral neck fracture fixing device which has both clinical curative effect and minimally invasive effect is provided.

Description

Femoral neck fracture fixing device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the field of medical equipment, specifically relate to a femoral neck fracture fixing device.

Background

Femoral neck fracture is one of common clinical hip fractures, and old patients often suffer from osteoporosis under slight external force such as falling, while young and old patients are often secondary to larger violence such as traffic accidents, high-altitude falling injuries and the like. According to anatomical positions, femoral neck fractures can be divided into subcephalic, medium cervical and basal types; according to the angle of Pauwell's, the fracture surface can be divided into type I (<30 degrees), type II (30-50 degrees) and type III (>50 degrees), and the shearing force of the fracture end increases along with the increase of the angle, thereby increasing the treatment difficulty.

The current clinical common treatment strategy is to use total hip or half hip replacement for elderly patients. Joint replacement is not the preferred option for young patients with femoral neck fractures due to the limited useful life of the prosthetic joint and the higher mobility requirements of young patients. For young and middle-aged patients, the main treatment targets are to keep self joints through internal fixation, promote fracture healing and recover the activity function of hip joints. The internal fixation treatment of femoral neck fracture mainly comprises the following modes: a hollow compression screw, a Dynamic Hip Screw (DHS), a hollow compression screw attached to an inner anti-skid steel plate of the femoral neck, a lateral locking nail plate system, and the like. The hollow compression screws are arranged in parallel by adopting an inverted triangle or a regular triangle conventionally, which allows minimally invasive percutaneous operation, theoretically can achieve dynamic compression fixation of fracture broken ends, and is a mode adopted by more doctors at present. But the requirement on technical operation is high, and iatrogenic fracture around the femoral trochanter can be caused by repeatedly feeding nails for many times; and the retaining force of the self on the proximal lateral wall of the femur is weak, and the screw is easy to withdraw, so that adverse complications such as femoral neck shortening, hip varus and the like are caused. DHS is a steel plate device with a fixed angle, has better shearing resistance, but the near end of the DHS is a single main nail with weaker anti-rotation capability, the near end of the DHS is easy to rotate when being placed in, and the lateral steel plate has larger volume and is easy to irritate soft tissues on the outer side of the femur to cause the discomfort of the outer side of the hip of a patient. The lateral locking steel plate can theoretically resist the screw from withdrawing and avoid the shortening of the femoral neck, but also has the defect of irritation of the lateral steel plate, and more importantly, the risk of the screw penetrating out of the femoral head or the fracture of the screw, the fracture nonunion and the like is easy to occur. Despite the numerous treatment modalities available at present, the incidence of complications such as femoral head necrosis, nonunion of fracture, excessive shortening of femoral neck, hip dysfunction, etc. after internal fixation of femoral neck fracture is still high. Therefore, internal fixation treatment of femoral neck fracture is one of the most challenging orthopedic problems.

In summary, each internal fixation mode of femoral neck fracture has the defects, and the design of the fixation mode which gives consideration to clinical curative effect and minimally invasive property has important clinical value by improving the existing mode.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims at providing a femoral neck fracture fixing device to a take into account clinical curative effect and wicresoft's femoral neck fracture fixing device is provided.

The specific scheme is as follows:

a femoral neck fracture fixing device comprises a side locking plate and a plurality of femoral neck main nails, wherein the shape of a main body of the side locking plate has an anatomical radian which is in accordance with the outer side of the proximal end of a femur, the femoral neck main nails comprise first, second, third and fourth femoral neck main nails, and the side locking plate is provided with a plurality of main nail holes which are matched with the femoral neck main nails; first femur neck owner nail lock solid is in the central part of femur neck, second femur neck owner nail perpendicular lock solid is in the fracture end of femur neck, left and right femur neck bone cortex is hugged closely respectively to third femur neck owner nail and fourth femur neck owner nail, and third femur neck owner nail and fourth femur neck owner nail expand towards side separately.

Furthermore, the main nail holes on the side locking plates are guide holes with axial guide function, and each main nail hole can guide the femoral neck main nail in the main nail hole so that the femoral neck main nail is inserted along the axial direction of the main nail hole.

Furthermore, a transverse locking nail hole is formed in the end portion, opposite to the second main nail hole, of the side locking plate, and the transverse locking nail hole is used for accommodating a femoral lesser trochanter transverse locking nail which is locked on the femoral lesser trochanter in a substantially vertical mode.

Furthermore, the transverse lock pin hole is a combination hole.

Further, the femur lesser tuberosity transverse locking nail is a full thread solid screw.

Further, the main nail of the femoral neck is a half-thread hollow screw.

Furthermore, the inner wall of the main nail hole and the screw cap of the main nail of the femoral neck can be provided with an internal thread and an external thread which are matched with each other, so that the screw cap of the main nail of the femoral neck can be locked on the side locking plate in an inward sinking manner.

Furthermore, a plurality of guide pin holes are further formed in the side locking plate.

The utility model provides a femoral neck fracture fixing device compares with prior art and has following advantage: the utility model provides a femoral neck fracture fixation device which adopts a mode of combining main nail axis pressurization and lateral support for fixation, can promote fracture healing and avoid excessive shortening of the femoral neck; the small incision minimally invasive surgery in the operation reduces soft tissue stripping to the maximum extent, reduces soft tissue irritation and improves the comfort of patients; biomechanically stable, allowing early loading and functional exercise, suitable for femoral neck fractures in young adults (AO/OTA, 43-, B1, B2 and B3) and for fracture types treated with internal fixation in some elderly patients.

Drawings

Fig. 1 shows a schematic view of a femoral neck fracture fixation device.

Fig. 2 shows a top view of the side locking plate.

Fig. 3 shows a side view of the side locking plate.

Fig. 4 shows a schematic view of the fixation of a femoral neck fracture using a femoral neck fracture fixation device.

Detailed Description

To further illustrate the embodiments, the present invention provides the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this disclosure, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the embodiments. With these references, one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate other possible embodiments and advantages of the present invention. Elements in the figures are not drawn to scale and like reference numerals are generally used to indicate like elements.

The present invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the present embodiment provides a femoral neck fracture fixation device including a side locking plate 10 and a plurality of femoral neck main nails 20.

Wherein, the body of the side locking plate 10 has an external shape conforming to the anatomical curvature of the proximal outer side of the femur, which enables the steel plate to be well attached to the cortical bone, and the side locking plate 10 can increase the stability of the outer side wall of the femoral greater tuberosity. This side lockplate 10's main part is made by steel sheet integrated into one piece, and its thickness is moderate (about 8 ~ 10mm), and the edge is the blunt setting, can reduce the irritation to skin soft tissue.

The side locking plate 10 is provided with a plurality of main nail holes matched with the plurality of femoral neck main nails 20. Wherein, the multiple femoral neck main nails 20 comprise a first femoral neck main nail 201, a second femoral neck main nail 202, a third femoral neck main nail 203 and a fourth femoral neck main nail 204. Correspondingly, the side locking plate 10 is provided with a first main nail hole 101, a second main nail hole 102, a third main nail hole 103 and a fourth main nail hole 104 which are arranged corresponding to the first femoral neck main nail 201, the second femoral neck main nail 202, the third femoral neck main nail 203 and the fourth femoral neck main nail 204.

The femoral neck main nail 20 is a half-thread hollow screw which is produced and processed by adopting a titanium alloy material, the outer diameter of the femoral neck main nail 20 is phi 6.5 mm-phi 7.0mm, the length is 70 mm-120 mm, the thread is positioned at the front end, the thread length is 16 mm-48 mm, the rear end of the screw rod is a cylindrical polished rod, the rear end of the screw rod is allowed to slide in a corresponding driving hole, and the outer diameter of the nut is phi 8.0 mm-phi 8.5 mm. The femoral neck main nail 20 is a hollow screw, and a through hole in the hollow screw can be matched with a hollow guide pin, so that the femoral neck main nail 20 can be conveniently placed in a minimally invasive manner.

Although the first femoral neck main nail 201, the second femoral neck main nail 202, the third femoral neck main nail 203 and the fourth femoral neck main nail 204 have the same structure, the functions of the femoral neck main nails are different.

The first main nail hole 101 is located in the middle of the side lock plate 10, so that the first femoral neck main nail 201 in the first main nail hole 101 is locked at the center of the femoral neck, and acts to press the whole axis of the broken end of the femoral neck.

The second main nail hole 102 is located at one end of the side locking plate 10, so that the inner second femoral neck main nail 202 of the second main nail hole 102 is vertically locked to the fracture end of the femoral neck, and can further pressurize the fracture end.

The third main nail hole 103 and the fourth main nail hole 104 are arranged substantially side by side, on one side of the principle distal end of the first main nail hole 101, so that the third femoral neck main nail 203 and the fourth femoral neck main nail 204 are locked against the femoral neck cortex. But third femoral neck main nail 203 and fourth femoral neck main nail 204 are the nonparallel setting each other, but scatter towards the side respectively, play the effect that the side was supported to avoid the excessive slip of femoral neck and then cause the shortening, can also play the effect of rebuilding or replacing the cortex of bone in comminuted fracture.

The femoral neck fracture fixing device provided by the embodiment adopts a mode of combining main nail axis pressurization and lateral support for fixation, can promote fracture healing and avoid excessive shortening of the femoral neck; the small incision minimally invasive surgery in the operation reduces soft tissue stripping to the maximum extent, reduces soft tissue irritation and improves the comfort of patients; biomechanically stable, allowing early loading and functional exercise, suitable for femoral neck fractures in young adults (AO/OTA, 43-, B1, B2 and B3) and for fracture types treated with internal fixation in some elderly patients.

In this embodiment, the main nail holes formed in the side locking plate 10 are guiding holes having an axial guiding function, and each main nail hole guides the femoral neck main nail located in the main nail hole, so that the femoral neck main nail is inserted along the axial direction of the main nail hole, and the guiding holes can guide the insertion of the intraoperative guide pin and the femoral neck main nail, thereby reducing the number of intraoperative perspectives, reducing the probability of iatrogenic fractures, and simplifying the surgical operation steps.

In the present embodiment, the other end of the side lock plate 10 opposite to the second main nail hole 102 is provided with a transverse nail hole 105, and the transverse nail hole 105 is used for accommodating a femoral lesser tuberosity transverse locking nail 30. The transverse locking nail hole 105 is a combination hole, so that the position of the femur lesser trochanter transverse locking nail 30 therein can be adjusted in the vertical direction, so that the lesser trochanter transverse locking nail 30 can be locked on the femur lesser trochanter approximately vertically. The femur minor tuberosity transverse locking nail 30 is a full thread solid screw, can tightly attach the lateral locking plate 10 to the proximal cortex of femur, and forms an angulation locking device with the lateral locking plate 10, and has the functions of unloading vertical stress and avoiding the vertical displacement of fracture.

In this embodiment, the side locking plate 10 is further provided with a plurality of guide pin holes 106, and these guide pin holes 106 facilitate the insertion of the thin guide pin and the temporary fracture fixation guide pin in the surgical operation, and facilitate the adjustment of the position of the side locking plate 10, so that the main screw can be smoothly implanted.

In this embodiment, the inner wall of the main nail hole and the nut of the main femoral neck nail can be further provided with an internal thread and an external thread which are matched with each other, so that the nut of the main femoral neck nail can be locked on the side locking plate 10 in an inward sinking manner, the locking connection between the side locking plate 10 and the nut of the main femoral neck nail is realized, and the situation that the main femoral neck nail is loosened to cause nail withdrawal is prevented. In addition, the screw cap of the femoral neck main nail can not have external threads, namely, a non-locking design is adopted between the lateral locking plate 10 and the screw cap of the femoral neck main nail, so that personalized screw fixation can be carried out according to clinical needs.

While the invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (8)

1. A femoral neck fracture fixing device which characterized in that: the femoral neck main nail comprises a side locking plate and a plurality of femoral neck main nails, wherein the shape of a main body of the side locking plate has an anatomical radian which is in accordance with the outer side of the proximal end of a femur, the femoral neck main nails comprise a first femoral neck main nail, a second femoral neck main nail, a third femoral neck main nail and a fourth femoral neck main nail, and the side locking plate is provided with a plurality of main nail holes which are matched with the femoral neck main nails; first femur neck owner nail lock solid is in the central part of femur neck, second femur neck owner nail perpendicular lock solid is in the fracture end of femur neck, left and right femur neck bone cortex is hugged closely respectively to third femur neck owner nail and fourth femur neck owner nail, and third femur neck owner nail and fourth femur neck owner nail expand towards side separately.

2. A femoral neck fracture fixation device as in claim 1, wherein: the main nail holes on the side locking plates are guide holes with axial guide function, and each main nail hole can guide the femoral neck main nail in the main nail hole so that the femoral neck main nail is inserted along the axial direction of the main nail hole.

3. A femoral neck fracture fixation device as in claim 1, wherein: and the end part of the side locking plate, which is opposite to the second main nail hole, is provided with a transverse locking nail hole, the transverse locking hole is used for accommodating a femoral lesser trochanter transverse locking nail, and the lesser trochanter transverse locking nail is approximately vertically locked on the femoral lesser trochanter.

4. A femoral neck fracture fixation device as in claim 3, wherein: the transverse lock pin hole is a combination hole.

5. A femoral neck fracture fixation device as in claim 1, wherein: the femur lesser trochanter transverse locking nail is a full thread solid screw.

6. A femoral neck fracture fixation device as in claim 1, wherein: the main nail of the femoral neck is a half-thread hollow screw.

7. A femoral neck fracture fixation device as in claim 1, wherein: the inner wall of the main nail hole and the screw cap of the main nail of the femoral neck can be provided with an internal thread and an external thread which are matched with each other, so that the screw cap of the main nail of the femoral neck can be locked on the side locking plate in an inward sinking mode.

8. A femoral neck fracture fixation device as in claim 1, wherein: and a plurality of guide pin holes are also formed in the side locking plate.

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