CN217156820U - TSP advanced geological forecast seismic wave continuous excitation system - Google Patents
TSP advanced geological forecast seismic wave continuous excitation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN217156820U CN217156820U CN202220819231.5U CN202220819231U CN217156820U CN 217156820 U CN217156820 U CN 217156820U CN 202220819231 U CN202220819231 U CN 202220819231U CN 217156820 U CN217156820 U CN 217156820U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a TSP advanced geological forecast seismic wave arouses system in succession. The seismic wave continuous excitation system comprises a signal trigger, a signal recording unit, a detonator initiator, a digital electronic detonator embedded in each blast hole and three-component sensors respectively fixed in receiving holes at two sides of the tunnel; the digital electronic detonators and the explosive package are arranged at the bottom of the blast hole together, and the detonator leg wire of each digital electronic detonator extends out of the blast hole and is connected with the detonator initiator through a detonator connecting wire; one end of the signal trigger is connected with a signal trigger wire fixed on the first digital electronic detonator through a lead, the other end of the signal trigger is connected with a signal recording unit, and the signal recording unit is respectively connected with the two three-component sensors. The utility model discloses only need carry out once detonating just can detonate the downthehole explosive of 24 big gun, arouse and record 24 times seismic waves, improved work efficiency greatly, reduced the safety risk that technical staff must work a telephone switchboard detonating work repeatedly.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a tunnel advance geology forecast field specifically is a TSP advance geology forecast seismic wave arouses system in succession.
Background
The advance geological forecast of the tunnel is to forecast the geological characteristics, structural characteristics, integrity state, grade of surrounding rock and stability of tunnel excavation in a certain position and a certain range in front of the tunnel by geophysical prospecting, drilling or pit guiding and matching with data collected by means of geological mapping or geological survey and the like, and to provide a report of tunnel excavation and support suggestions in front of the tunnel. The tunnel advance geological prediction method mainly comprises a geological survey method, an advance drilling method, a reflection seismic wave method, a geological radar method, a transient electromagnetic method, an infrared detection method and the like.
The tunnel advanced geological forecast technology belongs to the reflection Seismic wave method, and is characterized by that a portion of spherical wave produced by artificial Seismic source is passed through the tunnel axial direction and propagated towards the front of palm face, when the front of palm face is met with unfavorable geologic bodies of stratum interface, karst cave and fissure, the reflected wave can be produced, and according to the reflection time, propagation speed, intensity, waveform and direction of reflected wave said reflected wave can be expressed by means of different data forms, then received by high-sensitivity sensor, and processed by computer to predict the related properties and production form of the unfavorable geologic body of palm face. TSP has characteristics such as long forecast distance, application scope are wide, obtains wide application in tunnel engineering.
Before TSP advanced geological prediction, 24 blast holes are required to be distributed along one side wall, and receiving holes 1 and receiving holes 2 are respectively distributed on the left side wall and the right side wall of the tunnel. When the TSP technology is adopted for geological prediction, a host, a sensor, a trigger, a data recorder and the like are connected according to requirements, and the trigger is connected with an initiator to control the initiation detonator and the explosive. In the process of actually exciting seismic waves, each blast hole needs to be detonated, and the data recorder collects rebound wave information once. After the collection is completed and the next collection is ready, the next shot point can be detonated. At present, the method has two defects:
1. the operation time is long, and 24 times of repeated wiring and detonation operations need to be carried out on 24 blast holes;
2. safety accidents easily occur in the process of wiring detonation operation.
Therefore, it is highly desirable to invent a device capable of continuously exciting seismic waves, which not only simplifies the operation and improves the working efficiency, but also reduces the risk of blasting.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the utility model is to provide a TSP advanced geological forecast seismic wave arouses system in succession to the not enough problem of above-mentioned prior art.
In order to realize the aim, the utility model provides a TSP advanced geological forecast earthquake wave continuous excitation system, which comprises a signal trigger, a signal recording unit, a detonator exploder, a digital electronic detonator embedded in each blast hole and two three-component sensors respectively fixed in receiving holes at two sides of a tunnel; the digital electronic detonators are placed in the explosive package and are arranged at the bottom of the blast hole together with the explosive package, and the detonator leg wire of each digital electronic detonator extends out of the blast hole and is connected with the detonator initiator through a detonator connecting wire; one end of the signal trigger extends to the vicinity of the blast hole through a lead and is connected with a signal trigger wire fixed on the first digital electronic detonator, and the other end of the signal trigger is connected with the signal recording unit and is used for triggering the signal recording unit; and the signal recording unit is respectively connected with the two three-component sensors and is used for receiving the reflected seismic waves.
The utility model discloses better technical scheme: the digital electronic detonator is provided with 24 detonators which are correspondingly arranged in 24 blast holes, and the explosive charge of each blast hole is a strip-shaped emulsion explosive.
The utility model discloses better technical scheme: the signal trigger wire is a thin copper wire wound on the first digital electronic detonator, and when the first digital electronic detonator is detonated, the signal trigger wire is broken, and the signal recording unit is immediately triggered when the circuit is broken.
The utility model discloses better technical scheme: the digital electronic detonator is set to have delay time within the range of 0-16000 ms through programming and is set randomly at intervals of 1 ms.
The utility model discloses better technical scheme: the signal recording unit can set the time interval of two times of sampling at will and has the function of continuously and automatically recording seismic wave signals.
The utility model discloses better technical scheme: the detonator initiator is a digital electronic detonator initiator which can initiate 24 digital electronic detonators at one time.
The utility model discloses can only need carry out once detonating just can detonate the downthehole explosive of 24 big gun, arouse and record 24 times seismic waves, realize the preceding geology forecast of face front, and low cost, easy operation, safe and reliable have improved work efficiency greatly, have reduced the technical staff and must work a telephone switchboard the safe risk of detonating work repeatedly, have realized essential safety.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a first digital electronic detonator placing mode.
In the figure: the detonator comprises 1-a digital electronic detonator, 2-a signal trigger line, 3-a signal trigger, 4-a signal recording unit, 5-a three-component sensor, 6-a detonator initiator, 7-a detonator leg line, 8-a detonator connecting line, 9-a conducting wire, 10-a blast hole and 11-an explosive package.
Detailed Description
The following describes the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. Embodiments are shown in fig. 1 and 2, and the following technical solutions shown in the drawings are specific solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention. Based on the embodiments in the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of the present disclosure.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "left", "right", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship which the present invention patented product is usually put in use, or the orientation or positional relationship which the skilled person conventionally understands, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be further noted that, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "disposed" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, and for example, "connected" may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; the connection may be direct or indirect via an intermediate medium, and may be a communication between the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
The seismic wave continuous excitation system for the TSP advanced geological forecast comprises, as shown in fig. 1, a signal trigger 3, a signal recording unit 4, a detonator initiator 6, a digital electronic detonator 1 embedded in each blast hole 10, and two three-component sensors 5 respectively fixed in receiving holes at two sides of a tunnel; the digital electronic detonators 1 are placed in the explosive package 11 and are placed at the bottom of the blast hole together with the explosive package 11, and the detonator leg wire of each digital electronic detonator 1 extends out of the blast hole and is connected with the detonator initiator 6 through the detonator connecting wire 8; one end of the signal trigger 3 extends to the vicinity of the blast hole through a lead 9 and is connected with a signal trigger wire 2 fixed on a first digital electronic detonator, and the other end is connected with a signal recording unit 4 and is used for triggering the signal recording unit 4; the signal recording unit 4 is respectively connected with the two three-component sensors 5 and used for receiving the reflected seismic waves. The digital electronic detonator 1 is provided with 24 detonators which are correspondingly arranged in 24 blast holes, the explosive charge of each blast hole is strip-shaped emulsion explosive, and the detonator initiator 6 is a digital electronic detonator initiator for initiating 24 detonators at one time. The signal trigger wire 2 is a thin copper wire wound on the first digital electronic detonator, and when the first digital electronic detonator is detonated, the signal trigger wire 2 is broken, and the signal recording unit 4 is immediately triggered while the circuit is broken. The digital electronic detonator 1 is set to have delay time within the range of 0-16000 ms through programming and is set randomly at intervals of 1 ms. The signal recording unit 4 can set the time interval of two times of sampling at will, and has the function of continuously and automatically recording seismic wave signals.
The signal recording unit can set the time interval of two times of sampling at will and has the function of continuously and automatically recording seismic wave signals. The time required for the seismic wave to be received by the sensor from excitation is calculated as follows:
wherein, t 1 Time of propagation of longitudinal waves in the surrounding rock, t 2 The propagation time of transverse waves in surrounding rocks, L is the effective forecast distance, L 1 Distance between blast hole and tunnel face, L 2 Distance of receiving hole from face, v p Is the velocity of longitudinal wave v in the surrounding rock p The wave velocity of the shear wave in the surrounding rock. By v p ＞v s Knowing t 1 ＜t 2 In order to avoid the superposition of seismic wave waveforms generated by two excitations, the requirement of detonation of two blast holes is metInterval t > t 2 。
The utility model discloses specific application method as follows:
(1) the method is characterized in that 24 blast holes are arranged along the side wall of one side in parallel to the central axis of the tunnel, 24 drill holes are arranged on the same horizontal plane, the distance between the blast hole S1 and the tunnel face can be selected from 5-10 m, the distance between the blast holes (S1-S2, S2-S3 … … and the like) is 1.5 m, the adjacent blast holes of the 24 blast holes are equidistant, the aperture of the blast holes is 40-50 mm, and the downward inclination angle is about 10-15 degrees;
(2) the two receiver holes are respectively arranged on the left side wall and the right side wall of the tunnel, the distance between the two receiver holes and the S24 blast hole can be selected within 15-20 m, the aperture of the receiving hole is 50mm, the hole depth is 2m, the receiving hole direction is vertical to the axial direction of the tunnel, and the receiving hole direction is inclined upwards by 5-10 degrees;
(3) placing and fixing two three-component sensors 5 in receiving holes respectively;
(4) connecting a three-component sensor 5 with a signal recording unit 4, and connecting a signal trigger 3 with the signal recording unit 4;
(5) a signal trigger wire 2 connected with a signal trigger 3 is wound and fixed on a first digital electronic detonator, as shown in figure 2, the digital electronic detonator is inserted into the emulsion explosive and sent to the bottom of a first blast hole together with the explosive 11, and a leg wire of the digital electronic detonator is extended out of the hole;
(6) respectively inserting 23 explosives into the rest 23 digital electronic detonators, sequentially placing the detonators at the bottoms of the 23 blast holes, and extending the leg wires of the digital electronic detonators out of the holes;
(7) the detonator initiator 6 is connected with a pin wire of the 24-shot digital electronic detonator by a digital electronic detonator connecting wire 8;
(8) filling clear water into the 24 blast holes;
(9) setting the delay time of 24-shot digital electronic detonators as 500ms, the 1# detonation time as 0ms, the 2# detonation time as 500ms and the 3# detonation time as 1000ms … …;
(10) setting the sampling time interval of a recording unit to be 500 ms;
(11) and starting a switch of the detonator initiator 6, and when the detonator is used for initiating the digital electronic detonators, the digital electronic detonators are sequentially initiated according to the blasting design. When the first digital electronic detonator is detonated, the signal trigger wire 2 connected with the signal trigger is broken, the switch of the signal recording unit 4 is triggered, and the signal recording unit 4 starts to record signals. The 24-shot digital electronic detonators are detonated hole by hole at a delay time interval of 500ms, the sampling time interval of the signal recording unit 4 is the same as the delay time interval of the digital electronic detonators, the sampling time interval is 500ms, seismic waves generated by explosion of explosives in each hole are reflected by the three-component sensor and are stored into 24 independent seismic wave signals, and continuous excitation and continuous automatic recording of the seismic wave signals are completed.
Taking the advanced geological forecast of the TSP of the granite tunnel as an example, the wave velocity of the longitudinal wave of the granite is about 5500m/s, the wave velocity of the transverse wave is about 3200m/s, the effective forecast distance is 120m, the farthest distance between a blast hole and a tunnel face is 40m, and the distance between a receiving hole and the tunnel face is 60 m. Calculate according to equation 2
The time interval between the two blast holes is t > 106.25 ms.
The utility model is simple in operation, low cost and safe and reliable only need carry out once detonating and just can detonate the downthehole explosive of 24 big gun, arouses and record 24 times seismic waves, has improved work efficiency greatly, has reduced the technical staff and has had to work a telephone switchboard the safe risk of detonating work repeatedly, has realized essential safety.
The above description is only a detailed description of the specific embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made on the design concept of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A TSP advanced geological forecast seismic wave continuous excitation system is characterized in that: the seismic wave continuous excitation system comprises a signal trigger (3), a signal recording unit (4), a detonator initiator (6), a digital electronic detonator (1) embedded in each blast hole (10) and two three-component sensors (5) which are respectively fixed in receiving holes at two sides of a tunnel; the digital electronic detonators (1) are placed in the explosive packages (11) and are placed at the bottoms of the blast holes together with the explosive packages (11), and the detonator leg wire of each digital electronic detonator (1) extends out of the blast hole and is connected with the detonator initiator (6) through a detonator connecting wire (8); one end of the signal trigger (3) extends to the vicinity of the blast hole through a lead (9) and is connected with a signal trigger line (2) fixed on a first digital electronic detonator, and the other end of the signal trigger is connected with a signal recording unit (4) and is used for triggering the signal recording unit (4); the signal recording unit (4) is respectively connected with the two three-component sensors (5) and used for receiving the reflected seismic waves.
2. The TSP advanced geological prediction seismic wave continuous excitation system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the digital electronic detonator (1) is provided with 24 detonators which are correspondingly arranged in 24 blast holes, and the explosive charge of each blast hole is a strip-shaped emulsion explosive.
3. The TSP advanced geological prediction seismic wave continuous excitation system as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the signal trigger wire (2) is a thin copper wire wound on the first digital electronic detonator, and when the first digital electronic detonator detonates, the signal trigger wire (2) is broken, and the signal recording unit (4) is immediately triggered when the circuit is broken.
4. The TSP advanced geological prediction seismic wave continuous excitation system as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the digital electronic detonator (1) is set to have the delay time within the range of 0-16000 ms through programming and is set randomly at intervals of 1 ms.
5. The TSP advanced geological prediction seismic wave continuous excitation system as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the signal recording unit (4) can be used for randomly setting the time interval of two times of sampling and has the function of continuously and automatically recording seismic wave signals.
6. The TSP advanced geological prediction seismic wave continuous excitation system as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the detonator initiator (6) is a digital electronic detonator initiator which can initiate 24 digital electronic detonators at one time.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202220819231.5U CN217156820U (en) | 2022-04-11 | 2022-04-11 | TSP advanced geological forecast seismic wave continuous excitation system |
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| CN202220819231.5U CN217156820U (en) | 2022-04-11 | 2022-04-11 | TSP advanced geological forecast seismic wave continuous excitation system |
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