CN217029484U

CN217029484U - Oil cylinder built-in sensor mounting structure and pressurizing oil cylinder

Info

Publication number: CN217029484U
Application number: CN202220480978.2U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李勇键; 钟磊; 邓昊; 钟炜航; 吴俊逸
Original assignee: HUNAN TELI HYDRAULIC CO Ltd; Zoomlion Heavy Industry Science and Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: HUNAN TELI HYDRAULIC CO Ltd; Zoomlion Heavy Industry Science and Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-03-07
Filing date: 2022-03-07
Publication date: 2022-07-22
Anticipated expiration: 2032-03-07

Abstract

The utility model discloses an oil cylinder built-in sensor mounting structure and a pressurizing oil cylinder. Including the cylinder bottom, install cylinder, sensor and the piston rod of setting in the cylinder on the cylinder bottom, the piston rod is including the piston rod pole head, the piston rod body of rod and the piston rod pole tail that connect gradually, be equipped with in the piston rod pole body along its axial hollow structure, seted up first mounting hole in the piston rod pole head, seted up the second mounting hole in the piston rod pole tail, first mounting hole, hollow structure and second mounting hole link to each other and form the space that is used for holding the center tube, and the both ends of center tube with the bottom of first mounting hole and the bottom of second mounting hole butt respectively, be equipped with the center tube backup pad on the center tube periphery to the distance that radially moves is in hollow structure to the restriction center tube, the sensor is including setting up the sensor pole inside the center tube and the sensor head of being connected with the cylinder bottom, the sensor pole is connected with the sensor head. The problem of center tube displacement can be avoided, simple structure, convenient operation.

Description

Oil cylinder built-in sensor mounting structure and pressurizing oil cylinder

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an oil cylinder, in particular to an oil cylinder built-in sensor mounting structure. In addition, the utility model also relates to a pressurizing oil cylinder containing the oil cylinder built-in sensor mounting structure.

Background

The pressurizing oil cylinder is generally used for a rotary drilling rig in foundation construction, and the rotary drilling rig is also called a rotary drilling rig and a pile driver. The rotary drilling machine is a comprehensive drilling machine, can be used for various bottom layers, and has the characteristics of high hole forming speed, less pollution, strong maneuverability and the like. Short auger bits perform dry excavation operations, and rotary drill bits may also be used to perform wet excavation operations with mud dado. The rotary digging machine can be matched with a ram to drill and dig holes after a hard stratum is crushed. If the reamer is matched with a reaming head drilling tool, reaming operation can be carried out at the bottom of the hole. The rotary excavating machine adopts a plurality of layers of telescopic drill rods, has less drilling auxiliary time and low labor intensity, does not need slurry to circularly discharge slag, saves cost and is particularly suitable for the basic construction of urban construction. Therefore, the rotary drilling machine has a high demand for the pressurizing cylinder, and not only has a light weight demand for the pressurizing cylinder, but also needs to have a sensor inside to detect the position of the cylinder, and the cylinder needs to have a long stroke.

In the currently grasped technology, a cylinder is designed to be a hollow piston rod in order to lighten the weight of the pressurizing cylinder, and the hollow piston rod is designed to be hollow in order to embed a sensor, but the cylinder is often connected by adopting a welding method when the sensor is installed, and when the cylinder has large vibration and the welding line fails, the central pipe of the sensor is in danger of falling off.

Therefore, a cylinder built-in sensor mounting structure needs to be designed to solve the above technical problems.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide the mounting structure of the built-in sensor of the oil cylinder, the mounting structure of the built-in sensor of the oil cylinder can fix the central tube between the rod head and the rod tail of the piston, is not easy to fall off, does not need welding connection, and is simple in structure and convenient to operate.

In order to solve the above technical problems, an aspect of the present invention provides an installation structure for a sensor installed in an oil cylinder, including a cylinder bottom, a cylinder barrel installed on the cylinder bottom, a sensor, and a piston rod disposed in the cylinder barrel, where the piston rod includes a piston rod head, a piston rod body, and a piston rod tail connected in sequence, a hollow structure is disposed in the piston rod body along an axial direction of the piston rod body, a first installation hole is disposed in the piston rod head, a second installation hole is disposed in the piston rod tail, the first installation hole, the hollow structure, and the second installation hole are connected to form a space for accommodating a center tube, two ends of the center tube are respectively abutted against the bottom end of the first installation hole and the bottom end of the second installation hole, a center tube support plate is disposed on the outer circumference of the center tube to limit a distance that the center tube moves in a radial direction in the hollow structure, the sensor comprises a sensor rod arranged inside the central tube and a sensor head connected with the cylinder bottom, and the sensor rod is connected with the sensor head.

Preferably, a sealing element is arranged between the central tube and the piston rod head and the piston rod tail respectively.

Specifically, seal grooves for mounting the sealing elements are formed in the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole.

Specifically, both ends of the central tube are provided with chamfer structures.

Preferably, a gap of not more than 1.5mm exists between the outer peripheral surface of the center tube supporting plate and the inner surface of the piston rod body.

Preferably, a pressure pipe for preventing the sensor rod from being soaked by hydraulic oil is mounted on the outer surface of the sensor rod, and one end of the pressure pipe, which is close to the cylinder bottom, is connected with the sensor head in a welding manner.

Specifically, the pressure tube is made of stainless steel material.

Preferably, a sealing element is arranged between the central tube and the piston rod head and between the central tube and the piston rod tail.

Preferably, one end of the rod tail of the piston rod, which is close to the cylinder bottom, is sequentially provided with a non-magnetic gasket, an annular magnet and a non-magnetic gland.

Specifically, the rod tail of the piston rod is in threaded connection with the non-magnetic gland.

The utility model also discloses a pressurizing oil cylinder which comprises the oil cylinder built-in sensor mounting structure in any one of the technical schemes.

Through the technical scheme, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

the utility model provides an oil cylinder built-in sensor mounting structure which mainly comprises a cylinder bottom, a cylinder barrel arranged at the front end of the cylinder bottom, a sensor and a piston rod arranged in the cylinder barrel, wherein the piston rod also comprises a piston rod head, a piston rod body and a piston rod tail, a hollow structure is arranged in the piston rod body, the piston rod head and the piston rod tail are respectively provided with a first mounting hole and a second mounting hole, the two mounting holes are connected with the hollow structure to form a space capable of accommodating a central tube, the central tube is connected with the bottom end of the first mounting hole and the bottom end of the second mounting hole, and a central tube supporting plate is also arranged on the central tube. If the welding mode is used for connection, the phenomenon that the welding seam fails due to the fact that external vibration is too large and the like, so that the central tube displaces and the like can occur.

Additional features and advantages of the utility model will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the utility model and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the utility model and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the utility model and not to limit the utility model. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of an embodiment of the cylinder built-in sensor mounting structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view at A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view at B of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the connection between a pressure pipe and an inductor head in the installation structure of the sensor built in the oil cylinder.

Description of the reference numerals

1 cylinder bottom and 2 piston rod heads

3 piston rod body and 4 piston rod tails

5 sensor head 6 sensor rod

7 center tube 8 first mounting hole

9 second mounting hole 10 pressure-resistant pipe

11 center tube support plate 12 seal

13 non-magnetic conductive pad 14 ring magnet

15 non-magnetic conductive press cover

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of the present invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it is to be understood that the detailed description is provided only for the purpose of illustrating and explaining the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following detailed description.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "disposed," "provided," "mounted" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, for example, the connection may be direct connection, indirect connection via an intermediate medium, fixed connection, detachable connection or integral connection; either directly or indirectly through intervening connectors, either internally or in cooperative relationship to each other. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated, and therefore the features defined "first", "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features described.

In the present invention, without being stated to the contrary, the terms of orientation such as "inside and outside" are used as defined inside and outside of the corresponding parts, and "axial" is defined as the direction of arrangement of the cylinder built-in sensor mounting structure provided by the present invention, and particularly in the drawings provided by the present invention, the used orientation or positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and what is contacted is merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus cannot be understood as limiting the present invention; the directional terminology of the present invention should be understood in conjunction with the actual installation state.

The utility model provides an oil cylinder built-in sensor mounting structure, referring to figure 1, mainly comprising a cylinder bottom 1, a cylinder barrel arranged on the cylinder bottom 1, a sensor and a piston rod arranged in the cylinder barrel, wherein the piston rod mainly comprises three parts, namely a piston rod head 2, a piston rod body 3 and a piston rod tail 4 which are sequentially connected, a hollow structure is arranged in the piston rod body 3 along the axial direction of the hollow structure, a first mounting hole 8 is arranged in the piston rod head 2, a second mounting hole 9 is arranged in the piston rod tail 4, a space formed by connecting the first mounting hole 8, the hollow structure and the second mounting hole 9 is used for accommodating a central tube 7, in order to prevent the central tube 7 from displacing in the axial direction of the piston rod body 3 in the space, two ends of the central tube 7 are abutted against the bottom ends of the first mounting hole 8 and the second mounting hole 9, furthermore, a center support plate 11 is provided on the outer periphery of the center tube 7, the center support plate 11 mainly functions to limit the distance of displacement of the center tube 7 in the radial direction of the rod body 3 in the hollow structure inside the rod body 3, and the sensor used in the present invention is divided into two parts, one part is a sensor head 5 connected to the cylinder bottom 1, and the other part is a sensor rod 6 installed inside the center tube 7, and the sensor head 5 is connected to the sensor rod 6. The utility model changes the prior art that a welding connecting means is used for installing the central tube, and provides an installation space with a limiting effect on the central tube 7 by arranging the first installation hole 8, the second installation hole 9 and the hollow structure, thereby avoiding the phenomenon that the central tube 7 is displaced after a welding seam loses effectiveness due to the influence of external factors such as vibration and the like during welding, and having simple structure and convenient installation.

It should be noted that, as an embodiment of the present invention, the second mounting hole 9 may be a through hole penetrating the rod tail 4 of the piston rod, but the second mounting hole 9 is internally provided with a step capable of abutting against the central tube 7, so that the sensor rod 6 can be smoothly connected with the sensor head 5, and the sensor head 5 is arranged on the working surface of the cylinder bottom 1 facing away from the piston rod as shown in fig. 1, so that the cylinder bottom 1 is also provided with the through hole to facilitate the connection of the sensor rod 6 with the sensor head 5 after penetrating through the through hole. For the second mounting hole 9, one end of the second mounting hole 9, which is far away from the hollow structure in the piston rod body 3, is the bottom end of the second mounting hole 9, and one end of the second mounting hole 9, which is close to the hollow structure in the piston rod body 3, is the open end of the second mounting hole 9; similarly, to first mounting hole 8, the one end that hollow structure in the piston rod body 3 was kept away from to first mounting hole 8 is the bottom of first mounting hole 8, and the one end that is close to the hollow structure in the piston rod body 3 is the open end of first mounting hole 8.

It should be noted that the number of the center tube support plates 11 provided on the outer periphery of the center tube 7 in the present invention is not limited to the number shown in fig. 1, and may be one, two, three, or the like, as long as the purpose of limiting the displacement distance of the center tube 7 in the radial direction of the rod body 3 in the hollow structure can be satisfied.

Referring to fig. 2 to 3, as an embodiment of the present invention, a sealing member 12 is disposed between the center tube 7 and the piston rod head 2 and between the center tube 7 and the piston rod tail 4, and the sealing member 12 is used for preventing hydraulic oil from entering into the hollow structure inside the piston rod body 3.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, a seal groove for mounting a seal 12 is provided in each of the first mounting hole 8 and the second mounting hole 9. It will be appreciated that the sealing member 12 may be made of a rubber material, which has the ability to elastically deform to provide a good sealing effect.

Further, in order to prevent the sealing member 12 from being damaged when the center pipe 7 is inserted into the first mounting hole 8 or the second mounting hole 9, chamfers are provided at both ends of the center pipe 7.

In addition, in order to allow the center pipe 7 to be better inserted into the first and

second mounting holes

8 and 9, chamfers may be provided at the open ends of the first and

second mounting holes

8 and 9 as well.

In the present invention, in order to prevent the sagging or displacement phenomenon caused by the self-weight of the center tube 7, a center tube support plate 11 is disposed on the outer circumference of the center tube 7, the center tube support plate 11 is welded and mounted on the outer circumference of the center tube 7, and preferably, a gap exists between the outer circumference of the center tube support plate 11 and the inner surface of the hollow structure inside the piston rod body 3, and the size of the gap is not more than 1.5 mm.

Referring to fig. 4, as an embodiment of the present invention, a pressure pipe 10 is sleeved on the outer surface of the sensor rod 6, the pressure pipe 10 is mainly used to protect the sensor rod 6 from being soaked and pressurized by hydraulic oil, and one end of the pressure pipe 10 close to the cylinder bottom 1 is welded to a sensor head 5.

It should be noted that the pressure-resistant pipe 10 is installed between the outer surface of the sensor rod 6 and the inner surface of the center pipe 7, so there is a certain requirement for the sizes of the center pipe 7 and the pressure-resistant pipe 10, because there is a gap between the inner surface of the pressure-resistant pipe 10 and the outer surface of the sensor rod 6, the size of the gap is not less than 1.5mm, there is a gap between the outer surface of the pressure-resistant pipe 10 and the inner surface of the center pipe 7, and the size of the gap is not less than 1 mm.

It should be noted that, of course, the pressure-resistant pipe 10 may not be provided in the sensor rod 6 that is immersed in the oil-resistant liquid. For example, the pressure pipe 10 may be made of stainless steel, which is defined in GB/T20878-2007 to have stainless steel and corrosion resistance as main characteristics, and the steel with at least 10.5% of chromium and no more than 1.2% of carbon is short for stainless acid-resistant steel, and the steel with weak corrosion resistance such as air, steam, water, etc. or stainless steel is called stainless steel; while steel grades resistant to corrosion by chemically aggressive media (chemical attacks such as acids, bases, salts, etc.) are called acid-resistant steels. Of course, if the sensor rod 6 itself has the properties of corrosion resistance and high pressure resistance, then there is no need to install the pressure pipe 10.

Referring to fig. 1, as an embodiment of the present invention, a non-magnetic gasket 13, a ring magnet 14 and a non-magnetic gland 15 are sequentially disposed at one end of the piston rod tail 4 close to the cylinder bottom 1. The ring magnet 14 interacts with a sensor, which can sense the position of the piston rod tail 4 by means of the position of the ring magnet 14. The non-magnetic conductive gasket 13 is used for isolating the ring magnet 14 from magnetizing the rod tail 4 of the piston rod, and the non-magnetic conductive gland 15 is used for fixing the ring magnet 14.

Specifically, the non-magnetic pressure cap 15 is screwed to the piston rod tail 4. It is understood that the screw connection is only an embodiment and the connection may be a snap connection, so long as the ring magnet 14 can be fixed.

In addition, the utility model also provides a pressurizing oil cylinder which comprises the oil cylinder built-in sensor mounting structure in the specific embodiment and the technical scheme.

The cylinder built-in sensor mounting structure of the present invention has been described above with reference to the specific embodiments, and it is understood that the structural body and the size of the cylinder built-in sensor mounting structure of the present invention are not limited to the specific structural forms described in the above embodiments, and may be in other structural forms as long as the purpose of forming a space capable of preventing the displacement of the center tube 7 and having good mounting reliability by combining the first mounting hole 8 on the rod head 2, the hollow structure inside the rod body 3, and the second mounting hole 9 on the rod tail 4 is satisfied.

Next, in order to better understand the technical solution and the method of using the present invention, preferred embodiments will be described below with reference to relatively comprehensive preferred technical features.

The utility model provides a built-in sensor mounting structure of an oil cylinder, and referring to fig. 1 to 3, an optimal implementation mode of the utility model is provided, the utility model mainly comprises a cylinder bottom 1, a cylinder body, a sensor and a piston rod, wherein the cylinder body is mounted on the cylinder bottom 1, the piston rod is mounted in the cylinder body, the piston rod is formed by sequentially connecting a piston rod head 2, a piston rod body 3 and a piston rod tail 4, and a hollow structure is arranged in the piston rod body 4 along the axial direction of the piston rod body; a first mounting hole 8 is formed in the piston rod head 2, a sealing groove for mounting a sealing element 12 is formed in the mounting hole, the sealing element 12 made of rubber is mounted in the sealing groove, and the edge of the opening end of the first mounting hole 8 is chamfered; set up second mounting hole 9 in piston rod pole tail 4, second mounting hole 9 is inside to be provided with seal groove and sealing member 12 equally, and the chamfer is done to the open end edge of second mounting hole 9, and the place different with first mounting hole 8 lies in, and second mounting hole 9 is for the through-hole that runs through piston rod pole tail 4, and its inside is provided with the step. First mounting hole 8, hollow structure and second mounting hole 9 connect gradually and form the space that can hold center tube 7, be used for limiting the axis unwrapping wire displacement of well spool 7 along the piston rod body of rod 3, the both ends of center tube 7 are provided with the chamfer that prevents to damage sealing member 12, the one end of center tube 7 and the bottom butt of first mounting hole 8, the step butt that sets up in one section and the second mounting hole 9, the welding has a plurality of centre bore backup pads 11 on the outer peripheral face of center tube 7, the clearance has between the outer peripheral face of backup pad 11 and the hollow structure's of the piston rod body of rod 3 inside internal surface. The function of the support plate 11 is mainly to prevent the central tube 7 from sagging due to its own weight. The sensor comprises a sensor rod 6 and a sensor head 5, the sensor head 5 is installed on a working surface of the cylinder bottom 1, the working surface is opposite to the cylinder body, the sensor rod 6 is connected with the sensor head 5, the sensor rod 6 is inserted into a central pipe 7 through a through hole formed in the cylinder bottom 1 and a second installation hole 9, in order to prevent the sensor rod 6 from being corroded by hydraulic oil, a pressure pipe 10 is arranged on the periphery of the sensor rod 6, and one end, close to the cylinder bottom 1, of the pressure pipe 10 is connected with the sensor head 5. A non-magnetic-conductive gasket 13, an annular magnet 14 and a non-magnetic-conductive gland 15 are sequentially arranged at one end, close to the cylinder bottom 1, of the piston rod tail 4, the annular magnet 14 can enable a sensor to sense the position of the piston rod tail 4, the non-magnetic-conductive gasket 13 prevents the annular magnet 14 from magnetizing the piston rod tail 4, and the non-magnetic-conductive gland 15 is used for fixing the annular magnet 14.

The above is an overview of the structure of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the following is a description of the mounting method of the preferred embodiment of the present invention:

firstly, a first mounting hole 8 in a piston rod head 2 and a second mounting hole 9 on a piston rod tail 4 are processed and a sealing element 12 is arranged; then, welding the central tube 7 and the central tube supporting plate 11, inserting the welded central tube assembly into the second mounting hole 9, then sleeving the piston rod body 3 on the central tube assembly through the hollow structure inside the piston rod body, connecting and fixing the piston rod body 3 and the piston rod tail 4, and then mounting the piston rod head 2 through the first mounting hole 8; next, a non-magnetic gasket 13, an annular magnet 14 and a non-magnetic gland 15 are sequentially arranged at the rod tail 4 of the piston rod; finally, the cylinder bottom 1 is installed, a sensor rod 6 sleeved with a pressure pipe 10 in the sensor is inserted into the central pipe 7 through a preset through hole, and the sensor head 5 is connected with the cylinder bottom 1.

According to the utility model, the fixing of the two ends of the central tube 7 is completed by arranging the first mounting hole 8 and the second mounting hole 9, so that the connection mode of a welding method in the conventional technical means is changed, the phenomena of failure of a welding seam and displacement of the central tube 7 caused by external factors such as vibration and the like are avoided, the structure is simple, and the installation is convenient.

In the description of the present invention, reference to the description of "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "a specific implementation," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In the present disclosure, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention within the technical idea of the present invention, and these simple modifications are within the protective scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that the various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner without departing from the scope of the utility model. The utility model is not described in detail in order to avoid unnecessary repetition.

In addition, any combination of the various embodiments of the present invention can be made, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present invention as long as the idea of the present invention is not violated.

Claims

1. The mounting structure of the sensor arranged in the oil cylinder is characterized by comprising a cylinder bottom (1), a cylinder barrel, a sensor and a piston rod, wherein the cylinder barrel and the sensor are mounted on the cylinder bottom (1), the piston rod is arranged in the cylinder barrel and comprises a piston rod head (2), a piston rod body (3) and a piston rod tail (4) which are sequentially connected, a hollow structure along the axial direction of the piston rod body is arranged in the piston rod body (3), a first mounting hole (8) is formed in the piston rod head (2), a second mounting hole (9) is formed in the piston rod tail (4), the first mounting hole (8), the hollow structure and the second mounting hole (9) are connected to form a space for accommodating a central tube (7), the two ends of the central tube (7) are respectively abutted against the bottom end of the first mounting hole (8) and the bottom end of the second mounting hole (9), the sensor is characterized in that a central pipe supporting plate (11) is arranged on the periphery of the central pipe (7) to limit the distance of the central pipe (7) moving in the radial direction in the hollow structure, the sensor comprises a sensor rod (6) arranged inside the central pipe (7) and a sensor head (5) connected with the cylinder bottom (1), and the sensor rod (6) is connected with the sensor head (5).

2. The cylinder built-in sensor mounting structure according to claim 1, characterized in that a seal (12) is provided between the center tube (7) and the piston rod head (2) and between the center tube (7) and the piston rod tail (4).

3. The cylinder built-in sensor mounting structure according to claim 2, wherein a sealing groove for mounting the sealing member (12) is provided in each of the first mounting hole (8) and the second mounting hole (9).

4. The cylinder built-in sensor mounting structure according to claim 2, wherein chamfers are provided at both ends of the central tube (7).

5. The cylinder built-in sensor mounting structure according to claim 1, wherein a clearance of not more than 1.5mm exists between the outer peripheral surface of the center tube support plate (11) and the inner surface of the rod body (3).

6. The cylinder built-in sensor mounting structure according to claim 1, wherein a pressure pipe (10) for preventing the sensor rod (6) from being soaked by hydraulic oil is mounted on the outer surface of the sensor rod (6), and one end of the pressure pipe (10) close to the cylinder bottom (1) is connected with the sensor head (5) in a welding manner.

7. The cylinder built-in sensor mounting structure according to claim 6, wherein the pressure pipe (10) is made of a stainless steel material.

8. The cylinder built-in sensor mounting structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that one end of the piston rod tail (4) close to the cylinder bottom (1) is provided with a non-magnetic gasket (13), a ring magnet (14) and a non-magnetic gland (15) in sequence.

9. The cylinder built-in sensor mounting structure according to claim 8, wherein the piston rod tail (4) is in threaded connection with the non-magnetically conductive gland (15).

10. A pressurizing cylinder characterized by comprising the in-cylinder sensor mounting structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9.