CN217009534U - Conformal antenna that bears of electrical compensation - Google Patents
Conformal antenna that bears of electrical compensation Download PDFInfo
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- CN217009534U CN217009534U CN202220923303.0U CN202220923303U CN217009534U CN 217009534 U CN217009534 U CN 217009534U CN 202220923303 U CN202220923303 U CN 202220923303U CN 217009534 U CN217009534 U CN 217009534U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to an electric compensation conformal bearing antenna, which comprises M multiplied by N microstrip antenna units; each microstrip antenna unit comprises a metal ground, a first dielectric layer, a second dielectric layer, a radiation patch, a honeycomb layer and a covering layer; the first dielectric layer is positioned above the metal ground, the second dielectric layer is positioned above the first dielectric layer, the radiation patch is arranged on the second dielectric layer, and the honeycomb layer is arranged above the radiation patch to protect the radiation patch from external impact; the cover layer is disposed over the honeycomb layer to further protect the radiating patches and to enable an increase in antenna gain through focusing. According to the utility model, the radiation patch is protected by adding the honeycomb layer, so that the antenna is prevented from being directly impacted by the outside, the coverage layer is added, the radiation patch is further protected, and the effect similar to focusing is realized, so that the antenna gain is increased, the wave beam is narrowed, and the directional diagram deterioration caused by the antenna deformation is supplemented in an electric compensation mode.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to an electrically compensated conformal load-bearing antenna.
Background
With the development of the world military technology, the requirements on tactics and technical indexes of the conformal array antenna are higher and higher, and the caliber, gain, side lobe level, beam pointing direction and the like of the conformal antenna have close relations with the requirements, so that the performance of the conformal array antenna is determined to a great extent. The structure of the conformal array antenna is deformed due to working loads such as wind load, high temperature, low temperature, impact, vibration and the like, the position of an array element is deviated, the problems of gain reduction, poor directivity, beam pointing deviation and the like are caused, and the realization of the excellent performance of the conformal array antenna is seriously restricted.
The conformal array antenna is formed by attaching array units on a non-planar carrier to form a smart skin on the carrier. Compared with the traditional area array, the conformal array has the characteristics of excellent aerodynamic performance, wider beam scanning range and the like, and is widely applied to missiles, rockets, airplanes, ships and warships and the like. However, in the conventional conformal load-bearing antenna, due to the unstable carrier structure and the influence of installation errors, the array unit may generate position deviation, and array amplitude and phase errors are generated, which causes severe degradation of the performance such as beam width, gain and the like of the conformal array.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide an electrically-compensated conformal bearing antenna, which solves the defects of the conventional conformal bearing antenna.
The purpose of the utility model is realized by the following technical scheme: an electrically compensated conformal carrier antenna having M x N microstrip antenna elements; each microstrip antenna unit comprises a metal ground, a first dielectric layer, a second dielectric layer, a radiation patch and a honeycomb layer; the first dielectric layer is located above the metal ground, the second dielectric layer is located above the first dielectric layer, the radiation patch is arranged on the second dielectric layer, and the honeycomb layer is arranged above the radiation patch to protect the radiation patch from external impact.
Further, the microstrip antenna unit further comprises a covering layer, wherein the covering layer is arranged above the honeycomb layer to further protect the radiation patch and increase the antenna gain through focusing.
The length of the first dielectric layer and the covering layer in each microstrip antenna unit is 15mm, the width of the first dielectric layer and the covering layer is 14.6mm, the height of the first dielectric layer and the covering layer is 1.5mm, the dielectric constant of the first dielectric layer and the covering layer is 3.4, and the dielectric loss angle of the first dielectric layer and the covering layer is 0.4%; the second dielectric layer had a length of 15mm, a width of 14.6mm, a height of 0.203mm, and a dielectric constant of 3.38.
The length of the radiation patch in each microstrip antenna unit is 7.5mm, and the width of the radiation patch in each microstrip antenna unit is 7.3 mm; the honeycomb layer had a length of 15mm, a width of 14.6mm, a height of 20mm, and a dielectric constant of 1.063.
When the antenna does not contain a covering layer, the central frequency of the microstrip antenna unit is 9.8GHz and the coverage range below minus 10dB is 9.3GHz to 10.38GHz, the bandwidth is 1.08GHz, the gain of the microstrip antenna unit is 5.6dBi, the E-plane 3dB wave beam width of the unit antenna is 90 degrees, and the H-plane 3dB wave speed width is 92 degrees.
The central frequency of the microstrip antenna unit is 9.74GHz, the coverage range below minus 10dB is 9.32GHz-10.26GHz, the bandwidth is 0.94GHz, the gain of the microstrip antenna unit is 7.4dBi, the E-plane 3dB wave beam width is 76 degrees, and the H-plane 3dB wave speed width is 76 degrees.
The utility model has the following advantages: an antenna is protected by adding a honeycomb layer, the antenna is prevented from being directly impacted by the outside, a covering layer is added to further protect the radiating patch and play a role similar to focusing, so that the antenna gain is increased and the wave beam is narrowed, and the directional diagram deterioration caused by the antenna deformation is supplemented in an electric compensation mode.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a view of a cell without an overlay;
FIG. 2 is a view showing a structure of a cell having a covering layer;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
in the figure: 1-metal ground, 2-first dielectric layer, 3-radiation patch, 4-honeycomb layer, 5-covering layer and 6-second dielectric layer.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application, generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, can be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided below in connection with the appended drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present application without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application. The utility model is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, when the cover layer 3 is not provided, the microstrip antenna unit sequentially includes from bottom to top: the antenna comprises a metal ground 1, a first dielectric layer 2, a second dielectric layer 6 and a radiation patch 3; wherein, the length of the first dielectric layer 2 is 15mm, the width is 14.6, the height is 1.5mm, the dielectric constant is 3.4, and the dielectric loss angle is 4 per mill; the length, the width and the height of the second dielectric layer 6 are 15mm, 14.6mm and 0.203mm respectively, and the dielectric constant is 3.38; the honeycomb has the length of 15mm, the width of 14.6mm, the height of 20mm and the dielectric constant of 1.063; the radiating patch 3 is 7.5mm long and 7.3mm wide. The central frequency of the microstrip antenna of the unit is 9.8GHz, -10dB lower coverage range 9.3GHz-10.38GHz, the bandwidth is 1.08GHz, and the microstrip antenna is arranged at theta,
When the gain is equal to 0 (in the direction perpendicular to the microstrip antenna surface), the element gain is maximized and the maximum gain is 5.6dBi, the E-plane 3dB beam width of the element antenna without the cover layer 3 is 90 °, and the H-plane 3dB wave velocity width is 92 °.
As shown in fig. 2, the microstrip antenna unit includes, from bottom to top when the covering layer 3 is disposed: the antenna comprises a metal ground 1, a first dielectric layer 2, a second dielectric layer 6, a radiation patch 3, a honeycomb layer 4 and a covering layer 5; the first dielectric layer 2 and the covering layer 5 are 15mm long, 14.6mm wide, 1.5mm high, 3.4 dielectric constant and 4 per mill of dielectric loss angle; the length of the second dielectric layer 6 is 15mm, the width is 14.6mm, the height is 0.203mm, and the dielectric constant is 3.38; the length of the radiation patch 3 is 7.5mm, and the width of the radiation patch 3 is 7.3 mm; the honeycomb layer 4 has a length of 15mm, a width of 14.6mm, a height of 20mm, and a dielectric constant of 1.063. In the case of the cover layer 3, the center frequency of the microstrip antenna is 9.74GHz, the coverage range below-10 dB is 9.32GHz-10.26GHz, the bandwidth is 0.94GHz, the unit gain is 7.4dBi, the E-plane 3dB wave beam width of the cover layer 3 is 76 °, and the H-plane 3dB wave velocity width of the cover layer is 76 °.
The center frequency of the cover layer 3 was shifted downward by 60MHz and the cover was narrowed by 140MHz at-10 dB or less, compared with the cover layer 3. The gain of the unit antenna is increased by 1.8dBi, and the E-plane beam width is narrowed by 14 degrees and the H-plane beam width is narrowed by 16 degrees under the condition of containing a covering layer. The inclusion of the cladding layer results in increased gain and narrowing of the beam because the cladding layer acts like a focus.
As shown in fig. 3, the present invention designs an 8 × 8 microstrip antenna array based on a microstrip antenna unit having a cover layer 3, and the microstrip antenna array sequentially includes, from bottom to top: the antenna comprises a metal ground 1, a first dielectric layer 2, a second dielectric layer 6, a radiation patch 3, a honeycomb layer 4 and a covering layer 5; the length of the first dielectric layer 2 and the covering layer 3 is 119.3mm, the width is 117.5mm, the height is 1.5mm, the dielectric constant is 3.4, and the dielectric loss angle is 4 per mill; the length of the second dielectric layer 6 is 119.3mm, the width is 117.5mm, the height is 0.203mm, and the dielectric constant is 3.38; the honeycomb layer 4 has a length of 119.3mm, a width of 117.5mm, a height of 20mm, and a dielectric constant of 1.063. The microstrip array antenna is arranged at the position of theta,
When equal to 0, the antennaThe array gain was 22.9dBi, and the E-plane 3dB beamwidth with the cladding was 12 °
The electric compensation of the utility model is to embed a small amount of fiber grating strain sensors in the conformal antenna to measure the strain, thereby reconstructing the displacement of the central position of the array antenna unit, then obtaining the phase adjustment quantity of each array antenna unit according to the electric compensation principle, and finally compensating the electric performance of the antenna by adjusting the phase through the phase shifter.
The electric compensation test consists of a windows platform, a matlab environment, a 300 mm-1200 mm antenna array, a development board, a T/R assembly, a 12v constant voltage power supply, a cable and a clamp; during testing, the windows platform is connected with the development board through the usb interface, the development board is connected with the T/R assembly through the direct-insertion pin structure, the connecting end 1(smp) and the connecting end 2(ssma) of a coaxial cable (ssma to smp) are respectively connected with the T/R assembly and the antenna, the T/R assembly feeds power to the antenna through the coaxial cable, and the amplitude and the phase of excitation of each unit of the antenna array can be controlled simultaneously. The 12v constant voltage source is connected with the T/R component through the direct-insert pin structure through a cable, and the T/R component feeds power to the antenna through 64 SSMA connectors.
To verify whether the beam pointing variation caused by the deformation of the antenna can be corrected to the original beam pointing by the T/R module. The antenna is not deformed, 10mm of deformation and 20mm of deformation are generated respectively. Four scenarios can be distinguished:
scene one: no deformation is caused;
a second scene is 10mm deformation, wherein the difference between the highest point (the center of the long-edge antenna) and the lowest point (two edges of the long edge) of the 300mm 1200mm antenna array is 10 mm;
scene three: 20mm deformation, wherein the difference between the highest point (the center of the long-edge antenna) and the lowest point (two edges of the long edge) of the 300mm 1200mm antenna array is 20 mm;
scene four: one end of the antenna is fixed, and force is applied to the other end of the antenna, so that the antenna is twisted, and at the moment, the antenna is deformed and rotates in a pointing direction.
When the antenna is not deformed, 10mm deformation is generated, and the result after compensation is shown in the following table, the directional pattern of the antenna is not obviously changed, because the deformation of the antenna is too small, the deformation of the antenna does not have a significant influence on the directional pattern.
| Frequency point | 9.5GHz | 9.6GHz | 9.7GHz | 9.8GHz | 9.9GHz | 10GHz |
| No deformation (dB) | 27.2 | 32.6 | 29.8 | 32.8 | 28.7 | 27.6 |
| 10mm deformation (dB) | 27.2 | 32.7 | 29.8 | 32.8 | 28.7 | 27.7 |
| 10mm Compensation (dB) | 27.2 | 32.7 | 29.7 | 32.9 | 28.8 | 27.7 |
| Correction rise back (dB) | 0 | 0 | -0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0 |
The comparative test that the antenna is not deformed, is deformed by 20mm and is compensated is shown in the following table, because the antenna is deformed, the gains of the antennas with different frequencies are all reduced, the antenna gain reduction value at the frequency point of 9.6GHz is the largest, the maximum value is 2.6dB, the antenna gain reduction value at the frequency point of 9.9GHz is the smallest, and the minimum value is 0.7 dB. After the phase is compensated by the T/R, the gains are all increased, the gain is increased by 0.4dB at 9.5GHz, the gain is increased by 0.5dB at 9.6GHz, the gain is increased by 0.5dB at 9.7GHz, the gain is increased by 0.4dB at 9.8GHz, the gain is increased by 0.1dB at 9.9GHz and the gain is increased by 0.4dB at 10 GHz.
| Frequency point | 9.5GHz | 9.6GHz | 9.7GHz | 9.8GHz | 9.9GHz | 10GHz |
| No deformation (dB) | 27.2 | 32.6 | 29.8 | 32.8 | 28.7 | 27.6 |
| 20mm deformation (dB) | 25 | 30 | 27.8 | 31.3 | 28 | 26.5 |
| 20mm Compensation (dB) | 25.4 | 30.5 | 28.3 | 31.7 | 28.1 | 26.9 |
| Correction boost (dB) | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.1 | 0.4 |
The three states of no deformation, distortion deformation and distortion deformation compensation are shown in the following table, and the overall gain is reduced from the deformation-free test to the unilateral distortion deformation test, mainly because the gain of the array factor is reduced, so that the overall gain is reduced. Meanwhile, compared with single-side distortion, the difference between the beam direction without deformation after compensation is obviously smaller than that between distortion and the beam direction without deformation, and the beam direction of the antenna can be corrected to a certain extent.
From the result of 20mm deformation, it can be seen that the corrected directional diagram has a gain increased by about 0.5dB compared with the directional diagram before correction, and performance deterioration caused by deformation is compensated to a certain extent. From the test result of scene four (distortion deformation), it can be seen that the performance deterioration caused by the deformation can be compensated to some extent by correcting the amplitude and phase values of the excitation.
The foregoing is illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it is to be understood that the utility model is not limited to the precise form disclosed herein and is not to be construed as limited to the exclusion of other embodiments, and that various other combinations, modifications, and environments may be used and modifications may be made within the scope of the concepts described herein, either by the above teachings or the skill or knowledge of the relevant art. And that modifications and variations may be effected by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. An electrically compensating conformal loaded antenna, comprising: m multiplied by N microstrip antenna units; each microstrip antenna unit comprises a metal ground (1), a first dielectric layer (2), a second dielectric layer (6), a radiation patch (3), a honeycomb layer (4) and a covering layer (5); the first dielectric layer (2) is positioned above the metal ground (1), the second dielectric layer (6) is positioned above the first dielectric layer (2), the radiation patch (3) is arranged on the second dielectric layer (6), and the honeycomb layer (4) is arranged above the radiation patch (3) to protect the radiation patch (3) from external impact; the cover layer (5) is arranged above the honeycomb layer (4) to further protect the radiating patch (3) and to enable an increase of the antenna gain by focusing.
2. The electrically compensated conformal carrier antenna of claim 1, wherein: the length of the first dielectric layer (2) and the width of the covering layer (5) in each microstrip antenna unit are 15mm, the width of the first dielectric layer is 14.6mm, the height of the first dielectric layer is 1.5mm, the dielectric constant of the first dielectric layer is 3.4, and the dielectric loss angle of the first dielectric layer is 0.4%; the second dielectric layer (6) has a length of 15mm, a width of 14.6mm, a height of 0.203mm, and a dielectric constant of 3.38.
3. The electrically compensated conformal carrier antenna of claim 1, wherein: the length of the radiation patch (3) in each microstrip antenna unit is 7.5mm, and the width of the radiation patch is 7.3 mm; the honeycomb layer (4) had a length of 15mm, a width of 14.6mm, a height of 20mm and a dielectric constant of 1.063.
4. The electrically compensated conformal carrier antenna of claim 1, wherein: the central frequency of the microstrip antenna unit is 9.74GHz, the coverage range below minus 10dB is 9.32GHz-10.26GHz, the bandwidth is 0.94GHz, the gain of the microstrip antenna unit is 7.4dBi, the E-plane 3dB wave beam width is 76 degrees, and the H-plane 3dB wave speed width is 76 degrees.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202220923303.0U CN217009534U (en) | 2022-04-20 | 2022-04-20 | Conformal antenna that bears of electrical compensation |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202220923303.0U CN217009534U (en) | 2022-04-20 | 2022-04-20 | Conformal antenna that bears of electrical compensation |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN217009534U true CN217009534U (en) | 2022-07-19 |
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| CN202220923303.0U Active CN217009534U (en) | 2022-04-20 | 2022-04-20 | Conformal antenna that bears of electrical compensation |
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