CN216980665U - Battery equalization circuit and system - Google Patents
Battery equalization circuit and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN216980665U CN216980665U CN202220429331.7U CN202220429331U CN216980665U CN 216980665 U CN216980665 U CN 216980665U CN 202220429331 U CN202220429331 U CN 202220429331U CN 216980665 U CN216980665 U CN 216980665U
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Abstract
The present disclosure relates to a battery equalization circuit and system, the battery equalization circuit includes an amplifier, an amplifier tube and a feedback branch; the output end of the amplifier is connected with the control end of the amplifier tube, the input end of the amplifier tube is used for connecting the positive electrode of the battery cell in the battery, the output end of the amplifier tube is connected with the negative electrode of the battery cell through the feedback branch, the feedback branch is connected with the inverting input end of the amplifier, the balance control signal output by the controller can be received through the non-inverting input end of the amplifier, the balance control signal is amplified under the condition that the amplifier receives the balance control signal, a target control signal is output, the on-state current of the amplifier tube is changed under the action of the target control signal, the voltage of the battery cell is adjusted, the voltage of the battery cell can be effectively maintained at a stable voltage value, the service life of the battery can be effectively prolonged, and the safety performance of the battery can be improved.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of batteries, and in particular, to a battery equalization circuit and system.
Background
Unmanned delivery is to realize the delivery of articles by unmanned delivery modes such as unmanned aerial vehicles and unmanned vehicles, and belongs to the main development trend of the delivery of articles in the future, most of power systems in the unmanned vehicles and the unmanned aerial vehicles adopt lithium ion batteries, and generally, in order to meet the power consumption requirement of the power systems, the lithium ion batteries need to be connected in series by a plurality of battery cells to supply power to loads, since the performance of each cell is not absolutely uniform, there may be a difference in voltage between cells, if this difference is severe, it may result in the cells with lower voltages not being fully charged or always entering the over-discharge state first, and the cells with higher voltages always entering the over-charge state first, which not only reduces the cycle life of the battery, but also can cause unsafe accidents because part of the battery cells are frequently overcharged and overdischarged, which is very unfavorable for improving the safety performance of the battery.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The purpose of this disclosure is to provide a battery equalizer circuit and system.
In order to achieve the above object, in a first aspect, the present disclosure provides a battery equalization circuit, including an amplifier, an amplifying tube and a feedback branch;
the output end of the amplifier is connected with the control end of the amplifying tube, the non-inverting input end of the amplifier is used for receiving an equalization control signal, and the amplifier is used for amplifying the equalization control signal and then outputting a target control signal to the control end of the amplifying tube under the condition that the equalization control signal is received;
the input end of the amplifying tube is used for being connected with the positive electrode of an electric core in a battery, the output end of the amplifying tube is connected with the negative electrode of the electric core through the feedback branch, and the amplifying tube is used for changing the conduction current of the amplifying tube under the action of the target control signal so as to adjust the voltage of the electric core;
the feedback branch is connected with the inverting input end of the amplifier and used for feeding back the conduction current to the amplifier.
Optionally, the battery further comprises a switching tube, an input end of the switching tube is connected with the positive electrode of the battery cell, and an output end of the switching tube is connected with a power supply access end of the amplifier;
the switch tube is used for conducting under the condition of receiving a starting signal so as to supply power to the amplifier.
Optionally, the battery further comprises a voltage limiting branch, the voltage limiting branch comprises a first resistor and a second resistor, a first end of the first resistor is connected to the output end of the switching tube, a second end of the first resistor is connected to a first end of the second resistor, a second end of the second resistor is connected to the negative electrode of the battery cell, and a first end of the second resistor is further connected to the non-inverting input end;
and the voltage limiting branch is used for providing lower limit voltage for the non-inverting input end.
Optionally, the voltage limiting branch further includes a zener diode and a third resistor, a first end of the third resistor is connected to the second end of the first resistor and the cathode of the zener diode, a second end of the third resistor is connected to the non-inverting input terminal, an anode of the zener diode is connected to the cathode of the electric core, and the zener diode is configured to provide a stable lower limit voltage to the non-inverting input terminal.
Optionally, the feedback branch includes a fourth resistor, a first end of the fourth resistor is connected to the output end of the amplifying tube and the inverting input end, and a second end of the fourth resistor is connected to the negative electrode of the battery cell.
Optionally, the non-inverting input of the amplifier is used for connecting a controller, and the controller is used for:
the method comprises the steps of obtaining the voltages of the battery cores, obtaining preset balance reference voltages under the condition that the voltages of the battery cores are determined to be unbalanced according to the voltages of the battery cores, determining balance control signals according to the preset balance reference voltages, and outputting the balance control signals to the battery balance circuit in a working state.
Optionally, the battery equalization circuit further includes a fifth resistor, a first end of the fifth resistor is connected to the non-inverting input terminal, and a second end of the fifth resistor is connected to the controller.
Optionally, an alarm module is connected to the controller,
the controller is used for acquiring the target times of the battery equalization circuit entering a working state within a preset time length, and outputting a first preset alarm signal to the alarm module under the condition that the target times are greater than or equal to a preset time threshold value;
and the alarm module is used for giving an alarm in a preset alarm mode under the condition of receiving the first preset alarm signal.
Optionally, the controller is configured to:
recording the working time of the battery equalization circuit in each working state, determining the accumulated working time of the battery equalization circuit according to the working time, and outputting a second preset alarm signal under the condition that the accumulated working time is greater than or equal to a preset time threshold.
In a second aspect, a battery equalization system is provided, where the system includes a plurality of battery equalization circuits described in the above first aspect, and a battery formed by a plurality of battery cells connected in series, and the battery equalization circuits correspond to the battery cells one to one.
According to the technical scheme, the battery equalization circuit comprises an amplifier, an amplifying tube and a feedback branch circuit; the battery equalization circuit can receive an equalization control signal through a non-inverting input end of the amplifier, amplify the equalization control signal through the amplifier, and then output a target control signal to a control end of the amplification tube, the amplification tube changes the conduction current of the amplification tube under the action of the target control signal so as to adjust the voltage of the battery cell, the battery equalization circuit can also obtain the conduction current through the feedback branch, and the closed-loop feedback control of the conduction current is realized through the amplifier and the feedback branch, so that the voltage of the battery cell can be effectively maintained at a stable voltage value, the stability and the reliability of the voltage regulation process of the battery cell can be effectively improved, the voltages of a plurality of battery cells can be effectively equalized, and the service life of the battery can be prolonged, the probability of unsafe accidents of the battery can be effectively reduced, and the safety performance of the battery is favorably improved.
Additional features and advantages of the disclosure will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the disclosure without limiting the disclosure. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a battery configuration shown in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a battery equalization circuit shown in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a battery equalization system shown in the embodiment of FIG. 2 according to the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of a battery equalization system shown in the embodiment of FIG. 3 according to the present disclosure;
FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of a battery equalization system shown in the embodiment of FIG. 4 according to the present disclosure;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a battery equalization system shown in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the present disclosure is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the present disclosure, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.
Before describing the embodiments of the present disclosure in detail, an application scenario of the present disclosure is first described below, where the present disclosure may be applied to a process of performing voltage equalization on a battery formed by serially connecting a plurality of battery CELLs, and may be applied to a process of performing equalization control on a battery assembly formed by serially connecting a plurality of battery CELLs, where the process of performing equalization control on a battery formed by serially connecting a plurality of battery CELLs is taken as an example for description, fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a battery structure shown in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 1, the battery is formed by serially connecting CELL1 to CELL N battery CELLs, if an internal resistance of one of the battery CELLs (for example, CELL3) is large, the CELL3 may reach an over-discharge protection voltage first than other battery CELLs during a discharging process, if the discharging is continued, an over-discharge problem of CELL3 is easily caused, and if the discharging is no longer continued, the discharging of other battery CELLs is incomplete, there is a surplus of power; in the subsequent charging process, because the remaining power of other CELLs is still relatively large, and because the internal resistances of other CELLs are relatively small, the charging current is relatively large, so other CELLs are charged earlier than the CELL3, at this time, if the charging is continued, other batteries are easily overcharged, if the charging is no longer performed, the CELL3 is not fully charged, then the CELL3 is discharged to the end of the discharging more quickly than the first time in the second discharging process, and the over-discharge protection voltage is reached more quickly, so a vicious circle is formed, so long-term nausea and cycling are caused, the performance of the whole lithium battery is greatly compromised, and long-term over-charging or over-discharging is easy, unsafe accidents are easily caused, and the safety performance of the battery is not favorably improved.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present disclosure provides a battery equalization circuit and system, the battery equalization circuit including an amplifier, an amplifier tube and a feedback branch; the battery equalization circuit can receive an equalization control signal through the in-phase input end of the amplifier, and output a target control signal to the control end of the amplification tube after the equalization control signal is amplified by the amplifier under the condition that the amplifier receives the equalization control signal, the amplification tube changes the conduction current of the amplification tube under the action of the target control signal so as to adjust the voltage of the battery cell, the battery equalization circuit can also obtain the conduction current through the feedback branch, the closed-loop feedback control of the conduction current is realized through the amplifier and the feedback branch, the voltage of the battery cell can be effectively maintained at a stable voltage value, the stability and the reliability of the voltage regulation process of the battery cell can be effectively improved, the voltages of a plurality of battery cells can be effectively equalized, the service life of the battery can be favorably prolonged, and the probability of unsafe accidents of the battery can be effectively reduced, the safety performance of the battery is improved.
The technical scheme of the disclosure is explained in detail by combining specific embodiments.
Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a battery equalization circuit shown in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure; as shown in fig. 2, the battery equalization circuit includes an amplifier a, an amplifying tube Q1 and a feedback branch;
the output end of the amplifier a is connected with the control end of the amplifying tube Q1, the non-inverting input end of the amplifier a is used for receiving an equalization control signal, and the amplifier a is used for amplifying the equalization control signal and then outputting a target control signal to the control end of the amplifying tube Q1 under the condition that the equalization control signal is received;
the input end of the amplifying tube Q1 is used for connecting the positive electrode of a battery core in a battery, the output end of the amplifying tube Q1 is connected with the negative electrode of the battery core through the feedback branch, and the amplifying tube Q1 is used for changing the conduction current of the amplifying tube Q1 under the action of the target control signal so as to adjust the voltage of the battery core;
the feedback branch is connected with the inverting input end of the amplifier A and used for feeding back the conducting current to the amplifier A.
It should be noted that the equalization control signal may be a voltage signal with a preset magnitude, and the amplifier amplifies the received equalization control signal and outputs a target control signal to the control end of the amplifying tube Q1, where as can be known from the virtual short and virtual break principle of the amplifier, the equalization control signal (e.g., voltage DA) is in a linear relationship with the current (I) in the feedback branch; therefore, the current I can be adjusted by changing the balance control signal, and the effect of changing the voltage of the battery cell can be achieved; according to the principle of a feedback circuit, when the current (I) in the feedback branch is reduced, the inverting input end of the amplifier receives reduced conducting current (namely, the voltage of a battery cell is reduced), under the condition that the input voltage DA of the non-inverting input end is not changed, the voltage of the output end of the amplifier A is increased, the conducting current of the amplifying tube Q1 is increased, so that the supply current of the battery cell is increased, and under the condition that the resistance of the feedback branch is not changed, the voltage of the battery cell is increased; when the current (I) in the feedback branch increases, the inverting input terminal of the amplifier a receives an increasing conducting current (i.e., the voltage of the cell increases), the output terminal voltage of the amplifier decreases while the input voltage DA of the non-inverting input terminal is unchanged, the conducting current of the amplifying tube Q1 decreases, so that the supply current of the cell decreases, and the voltage of the cell decreases while the resistance of the feedback branch is unchanged, so that the voltage of the cell can be maintained at a stable voltage value while the balance control signal (the voltage DA input by the non-inverting input terminal) is unchanged. Under the condition that the voltage imbalance of the plurality of battery cells is determined, since the equalization control signal (for example, the voltage DA) has a linear relationship with the current (I) in the feedback branch, the current in the feedback branch can be adjusted by changing the equalization control signal, so as to adjust the voltage stable value of the battery cell, and then the voltage of the battery cell is maintained at a new stable voltage value by the feedback circuit principle.
The technical scheme can receive the balance control signal through the non-inverting input end of the amplifier in the battery balancing circuit under the condition of determining the voltage imbalance of the plurality of battery cells, amplify the balance control signal under the condition that the amplifier receives the balance control signal, and output a target control signal to the control end of the amplifying tube, the amplifying tube changes the conduction current of the amplifying tube under the action of the target control signal so as to adjust the voltage of the battery cells, the battery balancing circuit can also obtain the conduction current through the feedback branch, the closed-loop feedback control of the conduction current is realized through the amplifier and the feedback branch, the voltage of the battery cells can be effectively maintained at a stable voltage value, the stability and the reliability of the voltage regulation process of the battery cells can be improved, and the voltages of the plurality of battery cells can be effectively balanced, the service life of the battery can be prolonged, the probability of unsafe accidents of the battery can be effectively reduced, and the safety performance of the battery can be improved.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a battery equalization system according to the embodiment shown in fig. 2 of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 3, the battery equalization system includes a controller 201, a plurality of battery equalization circuits 202 shown in fig. 2 above, and a battery formed by a plurality of battery cells 203 connected in series, the battery equalization circuits 202 are in one-to-one correspondence with the battery cells 203, and the battery equalization circuits 202 include an amplifier a, an amplifying tube Q1 and a feedback branch;
the controller 201 is configured to obtain voltages of the battery cells 203, control one or more of the battery balancing circuits 202 to enter an operating state when the voltages of the battery cells 203 are determined to be unbalanced according to the voltages of the battery cells 203, and output a balancing control signal to the battery balancing circuit 202 entering the operating state;
the non-inverting input terminal of the amplifier a is connected to the controller 201, the output terminal of the amplifier a is connected to the control terminal of the amplifying tube Q1, and the amplifier a is configured to, after amplifying the equalization control signal and receiving the equalization control signal, output a target control signal to the control terminal of the amplifying tube Q1;
the input end of the amplifying tube Q1 is connected with the positive electrode of the battery cell, the output end of the amplifying tube Q1 is connected with the negative electrode of the battery cell 203 through the feedback branch, and the amplifying tube Q1 is used for changing the on-state current of the amplifying tube Q1 under the action of the target control signal so as to adjust the voltage of the battery cell 203;
the feedback branch is connected with the inverting input end of the amplifier A and used for feeding back the conducting current to the amplifier A.
The Controller 201 may be a single chip, a micro-control Logic chip such as an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), a DSP (Digital Signal Processing), a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller), or other controllers in the prior art, where the amplifying transistor Q1 may be a triode or an MOS transistor, the feedback branch includes at least one resistor, a current flowing through the resistor is fed back to the inverting input terminal of the amplifier a as the on-state current, the feedback branch may also be formed by connecting a plurality of resistors and diodes in series, or other implementation manners, a circuit capable of implementing the function of the feedback branch in the prior art is more, and details of the present disclosure are omitted here.
It should be noted that, the above-described embodiment of determining whether the voltages of the multiple battery cells 203 are balanced according to the voltages of the multiple battery cells 203 may include: the controller is configured to determine a maximum voltage and a minimum voltage from voltages of the plurality of battery cells, obtain a voltage difference between the maximum voltage and the minimum voltage, and determine that voltages of the plurality of battery cells are unbalanced when the voltage difference is greater than or equal to a preset voltage difference threshold; and determining the voltage balance of the plurality of battery cells under the condition that the voltage difference value is smaller than a preset voltage difference value threshold.
The above-described embodiments for controlling one or more of the plurality of cell balancing circuits 202 to enter the operating state may include the following two ways:
in a first aspect, the controller is configured to: and taking the battery equalization circuit connected with the battery core corresponding to the maximum voltage in the battery cores and/or the battery equalization circuit connected with the battery core corresponding to the minimum voltage in the battery cores as the target battery equalization circuit, and controlling the target battery equalization circuit to enter a working state. In this embodiment, only the cell corresponding to the maximum voltage in the current plurality of cells and/or the cell corresponding to the minimum voltage in the plurality of cells is subjected to the voltage balancing operation until it is determined that the voltages of the plurality of cells are balanced.
Mode two, the controller is to: determining a balancing sequence of the plurality of battery cells according to the voltages of the plurality of battery cells and a preset sorting mode; and sequentially taking each battery equalization circuit as the target battery equalization circuit according to the equalization sequence.
In the second mode, the preset sorting mode may be a voltage decreasing sequence, and in a specific implementation process, the plurality of battery cells may be sorted according to the voltage decreasing sequence to obtain the balancing priority of each battery cell, that is, the balancing sequence of the plurality of battery cells is obtained, where the higher the voltage is, the earlier the voltage is in the balancing sequence, and the controller may use the battery balancing circuit corresponding to the battery cell with the highest current priority as the target battery balancing circuit to enable the target battery balancing circuit to enter the working state.
It should be noted that, in the first and second manners, when performing the voltage balancing operation, the controller 201 outputs a balancing control signal to the battery balancing circuit 202 (i.e. the target battery balancing circuit) entering the working state, where the balancing control signal is provided by a variable voltage source in the controller, the balancing control signal is a voltage signal with a preset magnitude, and after the amplifier amplifies the received balancing control signal, the amplifier outputs a target control signal to the control end of the amplifying tube Q1, and as can be known from the principle of virtual short and virtual break of the amplifier, the balancing control signal (e.g. the voltage DA) is linearly related to the current (I) in the feedback branch; therefore, the current I can be adjusted by changing the balance control signal, and the effect of changing the voltage of the battery cell can be achieved; according to the principle of a feedback circuit, when the current (I) in the feedback branch is reduced, the inverting input end of the amplifier receives reduced conducting current (namely, the voltage of a battery cell is reduced), under the condition that the input voltage DA of the non-inverting input end is not changed, the voltage of the output end of the amplifier A is increased, the conducting current of the amplifying tube Q1 is increased, so that the supply current of the battery cell is increased, and under the condition that the resistance of the feedback branch is not changed, the voltage of the battery cell is increased; when the current (I) in the feedback branch increases, the inverting input terminal of the amplifier a receives an increasing conducting current (i.e., the voltage of the cell increases), the output terminal voltage of the amplifier decreases while the input voltage DA of the non-inverting input terminal is unchanged, the conducting current of the amplifying tube Q1 decreases, so that the supply current of the cell decreases, and the voltage of the cell decreases while the resistance of the feedback branch is unchanged, so that the voltage of the cell can be maintained at a stable voltage value while the balance control signal (the voltage DA input by the non-inverting input terminal) is unchanged. Under the condition that the voltage imbalance of the plurality of battery cells is determined, since the equalization control signal (for example, the voltage DA) has a linear relationship with the current (I) in the feedback branch, the current in the feedback branch can be adjusted by changing the equalization control signal, so as to adjust the voltage stable value of the battery cell, and then the voltage of the battery cell is maintained at a new stable voltage value by the feedback circuit principle.
According to the technical scheme, the equalization control signal output by the controller can be received through the non-inverting input end of the amplifier in the battery equalization circuit under the condition that the voltages of a plurality of battery cells are determined to be unbalanced, the equalization control signal is amplified by the amplifier under the condition that the amplifier receives the equalization control signal, a target control signal is output to the control end of the amplification tube, the conduction current of the amplification tube is changed by the amplification tube under the action of the target control signal so as to adjust the voltages of the battery cells, the conduction current can be obtained by the battery equalization circuit through the feedback branch, closed-loop feedback control over the conduction current is realized through the amplifier and the feedback branch, the voltages of the battery cells can be effectively maintained at a stable voltage value, the stability and the reliability of the voltage regulation process of the battery cells are improved, and the voltages of the plurality of battery cells can be effectively equalized, the service life of the battery can be prolonged, the probability of unsafe accidents of the battery can be effectively reduced, and the safety performance of the battery can be improved.
Fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of a battery equalization system according to the embodiment shown in fig. 3 of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 4, the battery equalization circuit 202 further includes a switching tube Q2, an input end of the switching tube Q2 is connected to the positive electrode of the battery cell 203, an output end of the switching tube Q2 is connected to the power supply input end of the amplifier a, a control end of the switching tube Q2 is connected to the controller 201,
the controller 201 is configured to determine one or more target battery balancing circuits from the plurality of battery balancing circuits and output a start signal to the target battery balancing circuits when the voltage imbalance of the plurality of battery cells 203 is determined;
the switching tube Q2 is used for conducting to supply power to the amplifier a when receiving the on signal output by the controller 201.
The switching tube Q2 may be a transistor or a MOS tube, and may also be replaced by a relay, and the turn-on signal may be a high-low level signal.
It should be noted that, for the implementation of determining one or more target battery equalization circuits from among the plurality of battery equalization circuits, reference may be made to the above description of the implementation of controlling one or more of the plurality of battery equalization circuits 202 to enter the operating state in fig. 3, and details of the disclosure are not repeated here.
Optionally, the battery equalization circuit 202 further includes a voltage limiting branch, the voltage limiting branch includes a first resistor R1 and a second resistor R2, a first end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the output end of the switching tube Q2, a second end of the first resistor R1 is connected to a first end of the second resistor R2, a second end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the negative electrode of the battery cell 203, a first end of the second resistor R2 is further connected to the non-inverting input terminal, and the voltage limiting branch is configured to provide a lower limit voltage to the non-inverting input terminal.
Above technical scheme can provide a basic voltage for this non inverting input end through adding this voltage limiting branch road, with the voltage restriction of the non inverting input end of this amplifier more than basic voltage, can avoid the controller to need to export great voltage as this balanced control signal, is favorable to promoting the control efficiency of controller, and then promotes the balanced efficiency of whole battery equalizing system.
Fig. 5 is a circuit diagram of a battery equalization system according to the embodiment shown in fig. 4 of the present disclosure, and as shown in fig. 5, the voltage limiting branch further includes a zener diode D and a third resistor R3, a first end of the third resistor R3 is connected to a second end of the first resistor R1 and a cathode of the zener diode D, a second end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the non-inverting input terminal, an anode of the zener diode D is connected to the cathode of the battery cell 203, and the zener diode D is configured to provide a stable lower limit voltage to the non-inverting input terminal.
It should be noted that the second end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the cathode of the zener diode D, the first end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the anode of the battery cell through the switching tube Q2, the cathode of the zener diode D (the second end of the first resistor R1) can provide a stable reference voltage, and the reference voltage is divided by the second resistor and the first resistor to provide a stable lower limit voltage to the non-inverting input terminal of the amplifier a.
Optionally, the feedback branch includes a fourth resistor R4, a first end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the output end of the amplifying tube and the inverting input end, and a second end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the negative electrode of the battery cell.
Optionally, the battery equalization circuit further includes a fifth resistor R5, a first end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the non-inverting input terminal, and a second end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the controller 201.
It should be noted that, taking the example of fig. 4 as an example, the non-inverting input terminal of the amplifier a is port 3, the inverting input terminal of the amplifier is port 2, the positive power terminal of the amplifier is port 7, the negative power terminal of the amplifier is port 4, the output terminal of the amplifier is port 7, the voltage of the port 3 is represented by Vpin3, the port 3 is connected to a controller, the controller provides a continuously adjustable voltage (as the equalization control signal, for example, the current equalization control signal is voltage DA) to the port 3, and the Vpin3 can be represented by Vpin3
VREFThe voltage at the port 2 of the reference voltage supplied to the zener diode is represented by Vpin2, the current at the fifth resistor R5 is represented by I, and the Vpin2 is known as I · R5 based on the principle of virtual amplifier interruption, and the Vpin2 is known as Vpin3, i.e., based on the principle of virtual amplifier interruption
Due to the above formulas of R2, R3, R5 and VREFTherefore, a linear relationship between I and the DA may be determined, the current I flowing through the fifth resistor R5 may be changed by adjusting the DA, and the voltage of the battery cell may be adjusted by changing the current I flowing through the fifth resistor R5, so that the voltage of one or more battery cells in the plurality of battery cells may be adjusted, and the voltage balance effect on the battery may be achieved.
Optionally, the non-inverting input of the amplifier is used to connect to a controller 201, and the controller 201 is used to: the method comprises the steps of obtaining the voltage of the battery cell, obtaining preset balance reference voltage under the condition that the voltages of the battery cells are determined to be unbalanced according to the voltages of the battery cells, determining a balance control signal according to the preset balance reference voltage, and outputting the balance control signal to the battery balance circuit in a working state.
For example, the preset equalization reference voltage is a voltage of a battery cell corresponding to an equalization control signal preset in the controller, and still taking the example shown in fig. 5 as an example for description, if the preset equalization reference voltage is U1, the current equalization control signal (DA, voltage value) may be calculated by the following calculation formula:
wherein, U1, R2, R3, R5 and VREFThe voltage values DA corresponding to the current equalization control signal can be calculated, and thus the equalization control signal is obtained.
Above technical scheme can set up different preset equalizing reference voltages to different electric cores to make the voltage of every electric core stabilize on this preset equalizing reference voltage, can guarantee in a flexible way that a plurality of electric cores are in voltage balanced state reliably.
Optionally, the controller 201 is further connected to an alarm module, and is configured to acquire a target number of times that the battery equalization circuit enters a working state within a preset duration, and output a first preset alarm signal to the alarm module when the target number of times is greater than or equal to a preset number threshold;
the alarm module is used for giving an alarm in a preset alarm mode under the condition that the first preset alarm signal is received. The alarm mode can be at least one of character prompt alarm, light prompt alarm and audio/video prompt alarm, and the preset time can be half an hour, 15 minutes, 1 minute, 24 hours and the like.
It should be noted that the number of times that the controller 201 outputs the start signal to the battery equalization circuit 202 may be used as the number of times that the battery equalization circuit 202 enters the operating state; for example, the controller 201 outputs a high-level signal to the battery equalization circuit as the start signal, and determines that the number of times the battery equalization circuit enters the working state is increased by one when a rising edge is output from a designated port of the controller 201, where the designated port is a port at which the controller outputs a signal to the control end of the switching tube Q2 in the battery equalization circuit 202.
For example, as shown in fig. 6, fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a battery equalization system shown in an exemplary embodiment of the disclosure, where the Controller 201 is an MCU (Micro Controller Unit, also called a "single chip microcomputer"), each of the CELLs CELL1 to CELLN includes the above battery equalization circuit 202 shown in fig. 5, ports DA1 to DAN in the MCU provide equalization control signals to the battery equalization circuit 202 of each CELL, ports DRV1 to DRVN in the MCU provide turn-on signals to the battery equalization circuit 202 of each CELL, CL-SIG in the MCU is used to receive the voltage of each CELL, and the MCU is connected to an alarm module, where the MCU may count the number of rising edges output by each port from DRV1 to DRVN to obtain a target number of times that each CELL enters a working state, and when the target number of times is greater than or equal to a preset number threshold, an alarm module alarms the CELL, the system can prompt the user that the multiple battery cells still can not keep the voltage balance state after the system is balanced for multiple times, so as to prompt the user to perform manual intervention in time.
According to the technical scheme, the target times of each battery equalization circuit entering the working state within the preset time length are obtained, and under the condition that the target times are larger than or equal to the preset time threshold value, the alarm is given out in a preset alarm mode to prompt a worker that a system still cannot keep a plurality of battery cores in a voltage equalization state after multiple times of equalization, so that a user is prompted to perform manual intervention in time, and the reliability of the battery equalization circuit is guaranteed.
Optionally, the controller 201 is configured to:
recording the working time of the battery equalization circuit in the working state every time, determining the accumulated working time of the battery equalization circuit according to the working time, and outputting a second preset alarm signal under the condition that the accumulated working time is greater than or equal to a preset time threshold.
Still taking the example shown in fig. 6 as an example, when the opening signal is a high level signal, the cumulative operating time of each battery equalization circuit can be obtained by recording the cumulative time length of each port from DRV1 to DRVN ports in the controller outputting a high level, and when the cumulative operating time length is greater than or equal to the preset time length threshold, the second preset alarm signal can be output to the alarm module, so that the alarm module gives an alarm.
It should be noted that the first preset alarm signal and the second preset alarm signal may be the same or different, and the alarm modes triggered by the alarm module for the first preset alarm signal and the second preset alarm signal may be the same or different, which is not limited in this disclosure.
According to the technical scheme, the accumulated working time of the battery equalization circuit is obtained, and an alarm is given out under the condition that the accumulated working time is greater than or equal to the preset time threshold value, so that a worker is prompted to pay attention to the problem that the reliability of the equalization effect is reduced due to the fact that the battery equalization circuit is long in service time, the worker can replace the battery equalization circuit in time, and the reliability of the whole battery equalization system is guaranteed.
In addition, the controller can be connected with an upper computer through a bus and is used for transmitting the voltage of each battery cell, the working time of each battery equalization circuit in the working state each time, the accumulated working time, the target times of each battery equalization circuit in the working state in a preset time period and a control instruction for controlling the battery equalization circuit to perform voltage equalization operation to the upper computer through a bus signal in a log mode, so that the upper computer can acquire the current condition of the battery equalization system in time.
The host computer includes but is not smaller than various intelligent devices such as a computer, a PAD, a mobile phone, and the like, and the Bus includes but is not limited to a GPIB (General-Purpose-Bus), an RS232, an RS244, an RS485, a CAN Bus, I2C, an SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface), a USB (Universal Serial Bus), a CHDMI Interface, a PCIE (Peripheral Component Interface Express), and an infrared, a bluetooth, a ZigBee (ZigBee protocol), a Wifi (wireless network communication technology), a GPRS, a 3G, a 4G, a 5G, and the like wirelessly connected.
The preferred embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the present disclosure is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications may be made to the technical solution of the present disclosure within the technical idea of the present disclosure, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present disclosure.
It should be noted that, in the above embodiments, the various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner, and in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, various possible combinations will not be further described in the present disclosure.
In addition, any combination of various embodiments of the present disclosure may be made, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present disclosure, as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present disclosure.
Claims (10)
1. A battery equalization circuit is characterized by comprising an amplifier, an amplifying tube and a feedback branch;
the output end of the amplifier is connected with the control end of the amplifying tube, the non-inverting input end of the amplifier is used for receiving an equalization control signal, and the amplifier is used for amplifying the equalization control signal and then outputting a target control signal to the control end of the amplifying tube under the condition that the equalization control signal is received;
the input end of the amplifying tube is used for being connected with the positive electrode of an electric core in a battery, the output end of the amplifying tube is connected with the negative electrode of the electric core through the feedback branch, and the amplifying tube is used for changing the conduction current of the amplifying tube under the action of the target control signal so as to adjust the voltage of the electric core;
the feedback branch is connected with the inverting input end of the amplifier and used for feeding back the conduction current to the amplifier.
2. The battery equalization circuit according to claim 1, further comprising a switching tube, wherein an input end of the switching tube is connected to a positive electrode of the battery core, and an output end of the switching tube is connected to a power supply input end of the amplifier;
the switch tube is used for conducting under the condition of receiving a starting signal so as to supply power to the amplifier.
3. The battery equalization circuit according to claim 2, further comprising a voltage limiting branch, wherein the voltage limiting branch comprises a first resistor and a second resistor, a first end of the first resistor is connected to the output end of the switching tube, a second end of the first resistor is connected to a first end of the second resistor, a second end of the second resistor is connected to the negative electrode of the battery cell, and a first end of the second resistor is further connected to the non-inverting input end;
and the voltage limiting branch is used for providing lower limit voltage for the non-inverting input end.
4. The battery equalization circuit according to claim 3, wherein the voltage limiting branch further comprises a zener diode and a third resistor, a first end of the third resistor is connected to a second end of the first resistor and a cathode of the zener diode, a second end of the third resistor is connected to the non-inverting input terminal, an anode of the zener diode is connected to a cathode of the battery cell, and the zener diode is configured to provide a stable lower limit voltage to the non-inverting input terminal.
5. The battery equalization circuit of claim 1, wherein the feedback branch comprises a fourth resistor, a first end of the fourth resistor is connected to the output end of the amplifier tube and the inverting input end, and a second end of the fourth resistor is connected to the negative electrode of the battery cell.
6. The battery equalization circuit of claim 1 wherein the non-inverting input of the amplifier is configured to be coupled to a controller, the controller configured to:
the method comprises the steps of obtaining the voltages of the battery cores, obtaining preset balance reference voltages under the condition that the voltages of the battery cores are determined to be unbalanced according to the voltages of the battery cores, determining balance control signals according to the preset balance reference voltages, and outputting the balance control signals to the battery balance circuit in a working state.
7. The battery equalization circuit of claim 6 further comprising a fifth resistor, wherein a first terminal of the fifth resistor is connected to the non-inverting input terminal and a second terminal of the fifth resistor is connected to the controller.
8. The battery equalization circuit of claim 6 wherein an alarm module is coupled to the controller,
the controller is used for acquiring the target times of the battery equalization circuit entering a working state within a preset time length, and outputting a first preset alarm signal to the alarm module under the condition that the target times are greater than or equal to a preset time threshold value;
and the alarm module is used for giving an alarm in a preset alarm mode under the condition of receiving the first preset alarm signal.
9. The battery equalization circuit of claim 6, wherein the controller is configured to:
recording the working time of the battery equalization circuit in each working state, determining the accumulated working time of the battery equalization circuit according to the working time, and outputting a second preset alarm signal under the condition that the accumulated working time is greater than or equal to a preset time threshold.
10. A battery equalization system, characterized in that the system comprises a plurality of battery equalization circuits as claimed in any of the preceding claims 1-9, and a battery formed by a plurality of cells connected in series, and the battery equalization circuits are in one-to-one correspondence with the cells.
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| CN202220429331.7U CN216980665U (en) | 2022-02-28 | 2022-02-28 | Battery equalization circuit and system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202220429331.7U CN216980665U (en) | 2022-02-28 | 2022-02-28 | Battery equalization circuit and system |
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