CN202840562U - Lithium battery pack balanced charge-discharge protective circuit and system - Google Patents
Lithium battery pack balanced charge-discharge protective circuit and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN202840562U CN202840562U CN 201220384389 CN201220384389U CN202840562U CN 202840562 U CN202840562 U CN 202840562U CN 201220384389 CN201220384389 CN 201220384389 CN 201220384389 U CN201220384389 U CN 201220384389U CN 202840562 U CN202840562 U CN 202840562U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a lithium battery pack balanced charge-discharge protective circuit and a system. The protective circuit comprises a controller, a voltage acquisition circuit used for acquiring terminal voltage of a single lithium battery in a lithium battery pack and an equalizing circuit, wherein each single lithium battery in the lithium battery pack is connected in parallel to at least one equalizing circuit; and the equalizing circuit comprises two protective circuits which are respectively connected in parallel with a single lithium battery. According to the utility model, the voltage acquisition circuit acquires terminal voltage of a single lithium battery and sends the terminal voltage to the controller; and then the controller controls the protective circuits based on the terminal voltage to realize charge-discharge protection of a single lithium battery and further realize energy balance between single lithium batteries in the lithium battery pack. In comparison with the prior art, the controller needn't to control relay network so as to reduce control logic; and at the same time, the controller can control a plurality of protective circuits at a time, namely, realize charge-discharge protection of a plurality of single lithium batteries, so as to raise efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to the lithium battery technical group field, more particularly, relates to a kind of lithium battery group balance charging and discharging protection circuit and system.
Background technology
The lithium battery group makes it become gradually the main flow of electrokinetic cell owing to having that volume is little, quality is light, voltage is high, power is large, self discharge is few and the advantage such as long service life.But when lithium battery group series connection is used in the power-equipment, because bulk properties inconsistent between each single-lithium-battery pond can cause respectively saving the inconsistent of lithium battery charge and discharge.When overcharging appears in the lithium battery group, overdischarge, discharging current is excessive or during short circuit, lithium battery group temperature is risen, heavy damage lithium battery group performance causes shorter battery life.Therefore; for prolonging lithium battery group useful life; need a kind of lithium battery group balance charging and discharging protection circuit that the lithium battery group is carried out Real Time Monitoring when the charge and discharge, provide overvoltage, overcurrent, temperature protection, with the balancing energy between each single-lithium-battery pond of realizing the lithium battery group.
Lithium battery group balance charging and discharging protection circuit conventional design is balanced for concentrating at present.Wherein, concentrated equilibrium is to switch equalizing circuit by controller control relay network to link to each other from different single-lithium-batteries pond, by equalizing circuit single-lithium-battery pond group is carried out charge and discharge protecting.
Although the protective circuit of above-mentioned concentrated Equalization Design can realize the charge and discharge protecting to the single-lithium-battery pond, its hardware device is simple.But because it uses an equalizing circuit; switch the annexation in equalizing circuit and single-lithium-battery pond by controller control relay network, therefore high to the requirement of relay network control logic, simultaneously; can only carry out charge and discharge protecting to a single-lithium-battery pond at every turn, thereby lower efficiency.
The utility model content
In view of this; the utility model provides a kind of lithium battery group balance charging and discharging protection circuit and system; high to the requirement of relay network control logic to solve available circuit, and only a single-lithium-battery pond group is carried out the problem that charge and discharge protecting causes Efficiency Decreasing at every turn.Technical scheme is as follows:
The utility model provides a kind of lithium battery group balance charging and discharging protection circuit, comprising:
Controller;
Link to each other with described controller, for the voltage collection circuit of the terminal voltage that gathers described lithium battery group single-lithium-battery pond;
Be connected to the equalizing circuit between described controller and the lithium battery group; wherein; each single-lithium-battery pond of described lithium battery group at least one equalizing circuit that is connected in parallel, described equalizing circuit comprises two protective circuits, described two protective circuits are connected in parallel with described single-lithium-battery pond respectively.
Preferably, described controller comprises single-chip microcomputer;
Described voltage collection circuit comprises analog switch and differential amplifier, and described analog switch links to each other with described single-chip microcomputer, and described differential amplifier is connected between described analog switch and the described single-chip microcomputer.
Preferably, be connected with photoelectric isolating circuit between described controller and the described equalizing circuit.
Preferably, described controller also is connected with host computer.
Preferably, described protective circuit comprises diode, resistance and NPN triode;
The positive pole in the described single-lithium-battery of the anodic bonding of described diode pond, negative electrode connects described resistance, and the other end of described resistance connects the collector electrode of NPN triode;
The emitter of described NPN triode connects the negative pole in described single-lithium-battery pond, and base stage connects the control signal output of controller.
The utility model also provides a kind of lithium battery group balance charge/discharge protection system, comprises the lithium battery group, also comprises the above-mentioned lithium battery group balance charging and discharging protection circuit that is connected with described lithium battery group.
Use technique scheme, each single-lithium-battery pond of lithium battery group at least one equalizing circuit that is connected in parallel, described equalizing circuit comprises two protective circuits, described two protective circuits are connected in parallel with described single-lithium-battery pond respectively.Voltage collection circuit gathers the terminal voltage in single-lithium-battery pond; described terminal voltage is sent to controller; protective circuit is controlled according to terminal voltage by described controller again; with the charge and discharge protecting of realization to the single-lithium-battery pond, and then the balancing energy between each single-lithium-battery pond of realization lithium battery group.Compared with prior art, controller need not the control relay network, reduces control logic.Simultaneously, controller can once be realized the control to a plurality of protective circuits, namely realizes the charge and discharge protecting in more piece single-lithium-battery pond is raised the efficiency.
Further, when the single-lithium-battery pond is connected in parallel a plurality of equalizing circuit, can accelerate charge and discharge protecting speed, realize fast the balancing energy between the single-lithium-battery pond, prolong lithium battery group useful life.
Description of drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the utility model embodiment or technical scheme of the prior art, the below will do to introduce simply to the accompanying drawing of required use in embodiment or the description of the Prior Art, apparently, the accompanying drawing that the following describes only is some embodiment that put down in writing in the utility model, for those of ordinary skills, under the prerequisite of not paying creative work, can also obtain according to these accompanying drawings other accompanying drawing.
A kind of structural representation of the lithium battery group balance charging and discharging protection circuit that Fig. 1 provides for the utility model;
The another kind of structural representation of the lithium battery group balance charging and discharging protection circuit that Fig. 2 provides for the utility model;
Another structural representation of the lithium battery group balance charging and discharging protection circuit that Fig. 3 provides for the utility model;
Fig. 4 provides the circuit diagram of protective circuit in the lithium battery group balance charging and discharging protection circuit for the utility model.
Embodiment
Battery coupling unbalance comprising: battery charge state is unbalance and battery capacity or energy unbalance.Wherein, battery charge state is unbalance to refer to that the capacity in all single-lithium-battery ponds is identical, but makes or shelve in the process in the lithium battery group, and the state-of-charge in single-lithium-battery pond is different.Adopt lithium battery group balance charging and discharging protection circuit just can solve above two kinds unbalance, thereby improve the lithium battery group electrical property, prolong lithium battery group useful life.
At present, the unbalance need of battery charge attitude adopt lithium battery group balance charging and discharging protection circuit that the lithium battery group is carried out charge and discharge protecting, with the balancing energy between each single-lithium-battery pond of realizing the lithium battery group when lithium battery group charging process and first discharge.Battery capacity or energy are unbalance then must all to carry out charge and discharge protecting by lithium battery group balance charging and discharging protection circuit to the lithium battery group in the charge and discharge process.
Usually, when the capacity in all single-lithium-battery ponds is identical with state-of-charge in the lithium battery group, can show the balancing energy between each single-lithium-battery pond of lithium battery group, perhaps the capacity in all single-lithium-battery ponds is different, but when the state-of-charge of cell is identical, also can show the balancing energy between each single-lithium-battery pond of lithium battery group.Wherein state-of-charge refers to the existing capacity in single-lithium-battery pond and the ratio of actual capacity.
As can be seen from above: balancing energy refers in the use procedure of lithium battery group, the state-of-charge that guarantees each single-lithium-battery pond is identical, therefore to realize balancing energy, make unmatched single-lithium-battery pond reach identical state-of-charge, the charge volume or the discharge capacity that then need to control a certain single-lithium-battery pond are higher than other single-lithium-battery ponds.
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing among the utility model embodiment, the technical scheme among the utility model embodiment is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment only is the utility model part embodiment, rather than whole embodiment.Based on the embodiment in the utility model, those of ordinary skills belong to protection range of the present utility model not making the every other embodiment that obtains under the creative work prerequisite.
See also Fig. 1, the structural representation that it shows a kind of lithium battery group balance charging and discharging protection circuit that the utility model provides comprises: controller 11, voltage collection circuit 12 and equalizing circuit 13.
Wherein, voltage collection circuit 12 links to each other with described controller 11, is used for gathering the terminal voltage in described lithium battery group single-lithium-battery pond.
Equalizing circuit 13 is connected between controller 11 and the lithium battery group, wherein, and each single-lithium-battery pond of described lithium battery group at least one equalizing circuit 13 that is connected in parallel.Described equalizing circuit 13 comprises two protective circuits, and a protective circuit is as charge protector, and another protective circuit is as discharge protection circuit.Charge protector and discharge protection circuit are connected in parallel with the single-lithium-battery pond respectively.
The operation principle of above-mentioned lithium battery group balance charging and discharging protection circuit is: voltage collection circuit 12 gathers the terminal voltage in each single-lithium-battery pond in the lithium battery group successively, and the terminal voltage in each single-lithium-battery pond is sent to controller 11.Whether controller 11 judges the terminal voltage in each single-lithium-battery pond greater than the first predeterminated voltage, and less than the second predeterminated voltage, wherein, the first predeterminated voltage is greater than the second predeterminated voltage.In charging process, greater than the first predeterminated voltage, the charge protector that control links to each other with this single-lithium-battery pond is to reduce the charging rate in this single-lithium-battery pond in the terminal voltage of judging the single-lithium-battery pond for controller 11.In discharge process; controller 11 in the terminal voltage of judging the single-lithium-battery pond greater than the second predeterminated voltage; the discharge protection circuit that control links to each other with this single-lithium-battery pond; to accelerate the velocity of discharge in this single-lithium-battery pond; thereby make rapidly all single-lithium-battery ponds reach identical state-of-charge, the balancing energy between each single-lithium-battery pond of realization lithium battery group.When all single-lithium-battery ponds all reached identical state-of-charge, lithium battery group gross energy increased, and each single-lithium-battery pond can not overcharge and cross and put, thus prolongation lithium battery group useful life.
The first predeterminated voltage and the second predeterminated voltage are set according to the average voltage of lithium battery group, and at the average voltage of lithium battery group not simultaneously, it is different that the first predeterminated voltage of different lithium battery pack and the second predeterminated voltage can be distinguished, and this is not set forth.
In the present embodiment, controller 11 can be judged terminal voltage, thereby according to judged result control equalizing circuit 13, reduce the control logic of controller 11.Simultaneously, each single-lithium-battery pond of lithium battery group at least one equalizing circuit that is connected in parallel, so controller can once realize the control to a plurality of protective circuits, namely realizes the charge and discharge protecting in more piece single-lithium-battery pond is raised the efficiency.
Further, when the single-lithium-battery pond is connected in parallel a plurality of equalizing circuit 13, can accelerate charge and discharge protecting speed, realize fast the balancing energy between the single-lithium-battery pond, prolong lithium battery group useful life.
Particularly, the controller 11 in the present embodiment can comprise single-chip microcomputer, for example the MSP430 single-chip microcomputer.
The structural representation of above-mentioned voltage collection circuit 12 sees also Fig. 2.Wherein, Fig. 2 is the another kind of structural representation of a kind of lithium battery group balance charging and discharging protection circuit of providing of the utility model, and it has increased the concrete structure of voltage collection circuit 12 on Fig. 1 basis.
In order to guarantee voltage accuracy, should select temperature to float as far as possible low, the differential amplifier that input offset voltage is little can be selected CA3140 in the present embodiment.Voltage is processed through differential amplification in addition, so the precision of resistance should reach 0.1% in voltage collection circuit 12, to reduce error.
Certainly, in order to improve the antijamming capability of controller 11, improve the functional reliability of controller 11, can between controller 11 and equalizing circuit 13, connect photoelectric isolating circuit 14, as shown in Figure 3.Wherein, Fig. 3 is another structural representation of a kind of lithium battery group balance charging and discharging protection circuit of providing of the utility model, and it is take Fig. 1 as the basis, and the structural representation of voltage collection circuit 12 can be consulted Fig. 2 among Fig. 3, and this no longer is illustrated.
In addition, above-mentioned lithium battery group balance charging and discharging protection circuit middle controller 11 can also connect host computer, and the operating state in each single-lithium-battery pond is shown to host computer, and the handled easily personnel are to the control of lithium battery group.
In the present embodiment, above-mentioned protective circuit can comprise diode 15, resistance 16 and NPN triode 17, as shown in Figure 4.Wherein, the positive pole in the described single-lithium-battery of the anodic bonding of diode 15 pond, negative electrode connects described resistance 16, and the other end of described resistance 16 connects the collector electrode of NPN triode 17.The emitter of described NPN triode 17 connects the negative pole in described single-lithium-battery pond, and base stage connects the control signal output of controller 11.
The control signal of controller 11 can be a pulse signal, and wherein, the high level in the pulse signal shows and need to protect the single-lithium-battery pond.In charging process, the NPN triode 17 in the conducting charge protector reduces the charging rate in connected single-lithium-battery pond.In discharge process, the NPN triode 17 in the conducting discharge protection circuit is accelerated the velocity of discharge in connected single-lithium-battery pond, thereby makes rapidly all single-lithium-battery ponds reach identical state-of-charge.
During protecting circuit designed, must be noted that the selection of NPN triode 17 and resistance 16, so that the electric current that flows through in the single-lithium-battery pond is in preset range.If electric current is too high, then can increase power consumption, cause that the lithium battery group heats up or the increase element, such as NPN triode 17 and resistance 16 burdens; On the contrary, if electric current is excessively low, the time that then needs to grow discharges and recharges effect to the single-lithium-battery pond, thereby lowers efficiency.Therefore, when choosing NPN triode 17 and resistance 16, should be noted two indexs of inequality extent and single-lithium-battery tankage, the reduce circuit power consumption, wherein inequality extent refers to the voltage difference between the different single-lithium-batteries pond.
Here it may be noted that: the voltage transitions of charger and induction resonance can cause the output voltage burr in charging process; cause the terminal voltage in the single-lithium-battery pond that gathers wrong; and then cause the charge and discharge protecting mistake; therefore, controller 11 must periodically stop the charging of lithium battery group so that voltage collection circuit 12 gathers the terminal voltage in single-lithium-battery pond.
In discharge process, especially discharge the later stage, the single-lithium-battery cell voltage descends very fast, therefore, for fear of the overdischarge of single-lithium-battery pond, after one or more single-lithium-battery cell voltages were less than the first magnitude of voltage, controller 11 all equalizing circuits 13 of control quit work, as control all NPN triodes 17 and be in cut-off state, with conserve energy.After one or more single-lithium-battery cell voltages were less than the second voltage value, controller 11 control lithium battery groups no longer provided power supply to external equipment, until the lithium battery group is charged again, side's control lithium battery group provides power supply to external equipment.
The lithium battery group balance charging and discharging protection circuit that the applicant uses the utility model to provide draws through verification experimental verification: the voltage in single-lithium-battery pond can be adjusted at 3.5v～4.5v as required, and minimum current can reach 150mA, and maximum current can reach 1.5A.Can guarantee when being full of electricity that voltage differences between each single-lithium-battery pond is less than set point---20mV.When the nominal capacity error between each single-lithium-battery pond surpasses 15%, still can reach all and fill, make that each single-lithium-battery pond all can be full of and not overvoltage in the lithium battery group.
Above-mentioned explanation to the disclosed embodiments makes this area professional and technical personnel can realize or use the utility model.Multiple modification to these embodiment is apparent to those skilled in the art, and General Principle as defined herein can be in the situation that do not break away from spirit or scope of the present utility model, in other embodiments realization.Therefore, the utility model will can not be restricted to these embodiment shown in this article, but will meet the wide region consistent with principle disclosed herein and features of novelty.
Claims (6)
1. a lithium battery group balance charging and discharging protection circuit is characterized in that, comprising:
Controller;
Link to each other with described controller, for the voltage collection circuit of the terminal voltage that gathers described lithium battery group single-lithium-battery pond;
Be connected to the equalizing circuit between described controller and the lithium battery group; wherein; each single-lithium-battery pond of described lithium battery group at least one equalizing circuit that is connected in parallel, described equalizing circuit comprises two protective circuits, described two protective circuits are connected in parallel with described single-lithium-battery pond respectively.
2. protective circuit according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described controller comprises single-chip microcomputer;
Described voltage collection circuit comprises analog switch and differential amplifier, and described analog switch links to each other with described single-chip microcomputer, and described differential amplifier is connected between described analog switch and the described single-chip microcomputer.
3. protective circuit according to claim 1 is characterized in that, is connected with photoelectric isolating circuit between described controller and the described equalizing circuit.
4. according to claim 1 to the described protective circuit of 3 any one, it is characterized in that, described controller also is connected with host computer.
5. according to claim 1 to the described protective circuit of 3 any one, it is characterized in that, described protective circuit comprises diode, resistance and NPN triode;
The positive pole in the described single-lithium-battery of the anodic bonding of described diode pond, negative electrode connects described resistance, and the other end of described resistance connects the collector electrode of NPN triode;
The emitter of described NPN triode connects the negative pole in described single-lithium-battery pond, and base stage connects the control signal output of controller.
6. a lithium battery group balance charge/discharge protection system comprises the lithium battery group, it is characterized in that, also comprise as claim 1 to 5 any one with as described in the lithium battery group balance charging and discharging protection circuit that is connected of lithium battery group.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201220384389 CN202840562U (en) | 2012-08-03 | 2012-08-03 | Lithium battery pack balanced charge-discharge protective circuit and system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201220384389 CN202840562U (en) | 2012-08-03 | 2012-08-03 | Lithium battery pack balanced charge-discharge protective circuit and system |
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| CN202840562U true CN202840562U (en) | 2013-03-27 |
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| CN 201220384389 Expired - Lifetime CN202840562U (en) | 2012-08-03 | 2012-08-03 | Lithium battery pack balanced charge-discharge protective circuit and system |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105990860A (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2016-10-05 | 中国移动通信集团甘肃有限公司 | Battery pack energy balancing method, battery pack energy balancing device and battery system |
| US10236694B2 (en) | 2016-07-29 | 2019-03-19 | Apple Inc. | Systems and methods for management of asymmetrical multi-tapped battery packs |
| CN111654088A (en) * | 2020-06-23 | 2020-09-11 | 北京迈世高科电子技术有限公司 | Time-sharing voltage acquisition method applied to battery balancing instrument |
-
2012
- 2012-08-03 CN CN 201220384389 patent/CN202840562U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105990860A (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2016-10-05 | 中国移动通信集团甘肃有限公司 | Battery pack energy balancing method, battery pack energy balancing device and battery system |
| CN105990860B (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2018-12-07 | 中国移动通信集团甘肃有限公司 | A kind of method, apparatus and battery system of battery pack power equilibrium |
| US10236694B2 (en) | 2016-07-29 | 2019-03-19 | Apple Inc. | Systems and methods for management of asymmetrical multi-tapped battery packs |
| CN111654088A (en) * | 2020-06-23 | 2020-09-11 | 北京迈世高科电子技术有限公司 | Time-sharing voltage acquisition method applied to battery balancing instrument |
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Granted publication date: 20130327 |
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| CX01 | Expiry of patent term |