CN216958506U - Dual-polarized panel antenna unit - Google Patents
Dual-polarized panel antenna unit Download PDFInfo
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- CN216958506U CN216958506U CN202220962295.0U CN202220962295U CN216958506U CN 216958506 U CN216958506 U CN 216958506U CN 202220962295 U CN202220962295 U CN 202220962295U CN 216958506 U CN216958506 U CN 216958506U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a dual-polarized panel antenna unit, which comprises an antenna main body, wherein the upper end of the antenna main body is provided with a radiation aperture, the lower end of the radiation aperture is provided with a resonant cavity, the lower end of the resonant cavity is communicated with the upper end of a square feed waveguide through a stepped impedance change section, the side surface of the antenna main body is also respectively provided with a first waveguide feed port and a second waveguide feed port, the first waveguide feed port, the second waveguide feed port and the square feed waveguide form an orthogonal mode converter, the outer end of the first waveguide feed port is provided with a first flange, and the outer end of the second waveguide feed port is provided with a second flange. The effect is as follows: simple structure, processing is convenient, can print integrative quick machine-shaping through 3D, and the radiation bore has great gain and bore efficiency, and the unit has low cross polarization and low side lobe characteristic.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a dual-polarized panel antenna unit.
Background
With the development of wireless communication technology, there is an increasing demand for dual-polarized antennas, and common dual-polarized antennas include dual-polarized microstrip array antennas, dual-polarized waveguide array antennas, and the like. Microstrip antennas have been widely used due to their low profile, small size, and easy conformability to the carrier, and various linear, circular, dual, and multi-polarization configurations have been developed according to the application requirements, but the efficiency of large high-gain microstrip arrays is always low due to dielectric loss.
For dual-polarization waveguide slot array antennas, most researchers improve on the basis of waveguide slot array antennas, the position and orientation of a slot serving as a radiation element in a conventional waveguide slot array are fixed, and the radiation polarization of a slot unit is also fixed, so that one waveguide slot antenna can only provide one polarization generally, two single-polarization waveguide slot antenna array forms are adopted to realize dual-polarization work, the structure of the antenna is complex, and the utilization efficiency of the mouth surface is low.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of the above requirements, the present invention provides a dual-polarized planar antenna unit, which realizes dual-polarization feeding by constructing an orthogonal-to-analog converter through improving the structure of an antenna main body.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the utility model is as follows:
a dual-polarized panel antenna unit is characterized in that: including antenna body (1), radiation bore (2) have been seted up to the upper end of antenna body (1), the lower extreme of radiation bore (2) is provided with resonant cavity (3), resonant cavity's (3) lower extreme communicates with each other through the upper end of notch cuttype impedance variation section (4) and square feed waveguide (5) the side of antenna body (1) still is provided with first waveguide feed port (6) and second waveguide feed port (7) respectively, first waveguide feed port (6) second waveguide feed port (7) with square feed waveguide (5) constitute the orthomode converter the outer end of first waveguide feed port (6) is provided with first flange (8) the outer end of second waveguide feed port (7) is provided with second flange (9).
Optionally, the radiation aperture (2) is square, and a cross-shaped separation frame (21) is arranged inside the radiation aperture.
Optionally, a metal diaphragm (10) for isolating the first waveguide feed port (6) from the second waveguide feed port (7) is disposed in an inner cavity of the square feed waveguide (5), and the first waveguide feed port (6) and the second waveguide feed port (7) are respectively located at upper and lower sides of the metal diaphragm (10).
Optionally, the antenna main body (1), the radiation aperture (2), the resonant cavity (3), the stepped impedance variation section (4), the square feed waveguide (5), the first waveguide feed port (6), the second waveguide feed port (7), the first flange (8), the second flange (9) and the metal diaphragm (10) are all printed in one piece through 3D.
Optionally, the stepped impedance change section (4) is provided with 1-5 steps according to a square caliber.
Optionally, the first waveguide feed port (6) and the second waveguide feed port (7) are energy-coupled with the square feed waveguide (5) through coupling slots, respectively.
Optionally, the first waveguide feed port (6) and the second waveguide feed port (7) both adopt a rectangular waveguide structure, and the first waveguide feed port (6) is used for providing x-axis linear polarization, and the second waveguide feed port (7) is used for providing y-axis linear polarization.
Optionally, the rectangular coupling slots inside the first waveguide feed port (6) and the second waveguide feed port (7) are stepped.
Optionally, the first flange (8) and the second flange (9) are rectangular.
Optionally, the main body profile of the antenna main body (1) is cuboid.
The utility model has the following effects:
the dual-polarized panel antenna unit provided by the utility model has the advantages of simple structure and convenience in processing, can be integrally and quickly processed and molded through 3D printing, has larger radiation aperture and aperture efficiency, and has the characteristics of low cross polarization and low side lobe.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the detailed description of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the detailed description of the utility model or the prior art will be briefly described below.
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a dual-polarized planar antenna unit according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a top view of a dual-polarized planar antenna unit provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 2;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an internal structure of a dual-polarized panel antenna unit provided by the present invention;
fig. 5 is a simulation result of S parameter of the dual-polarized panel antenna provided by the present invention;
fig. 6 shows y-polarization E-plane and H-plane directional patterns (f is 25GHz) of the dual-polarized planar antenna provided by the present invention;
fig. 7 shows x-polarization E-plane and H-plane directional patterns (f is 25GHz) of the dual-polarized planar antenna provided by the present invention;
fig. 8 is a curve of the gain of the dual-polarized panel antenna provided by the present invention polarized in the y direction along with the frequency variation;
fig. 9 is a curve of the gain of the dual-polarized panel antenna polarized in the x direction according to the frequency.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and therefore are only examples, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
It is to be noted that, unless otherwise specified, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by those skilled in the art to which the utility model pertains.
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, and fig. 4, this embodiment provides a dual-polarized planar antenna unit, which includes an antenna body 1, a radiation aperture 2 has been seted up at the upper end of the antenna body 1, a resonant cavity 3 is provided at the lower end of the radiation aperture 2, the lower end of the resonant cavity 3 communicates with the upper end of a square feed waveguide 5 through a stepped impedance change section 4, a first waveguide feed port 6 and a second waveguide feed port 7 are further respectively provided at the side of the antenna body 1, the first waveguide feed port 6, the second waveguide feed port 7 and the square feed waveguide 5 constitute an orthogonal mode converter, a first flange 8 is provided at the outer end of the first waveguide feed port 6, a second flange 9 is provided at the outer end of the second waveguide feed port 7, and an inner cavity of the square feed waveguide 5 is provided with a second flange 9 for isolating the first waveguide feed port 6 from the second waveguide feed port 7 The metal diaphragm 10, the first waveguide feed port 6 and the second waveguide feed port 7 are respectively located on the upper side and the lower side of the metal diaphragm 10, all components are integrally formed through a 3D printing process, the structure is simple, and the processing is rapid.
As can be seen from fig. 1 and fig. 2, in this embodiment, the main body profile of the antenna main body 1 is a cuboid, the radiation aperture 2 is a square, a cross-shaped separation frame 21 is arranged inside the main body, the cross-sectional opening of the resonant cavity 3 is also a square, the stepped impedance change section 4 is provided with 3 steps according to the square aperture, the radiation aperture 2 of the square is equally divided into 2 x 2 arrays by the separation frame 21, the electric fields at the four corners where the resonant cavity 3 is connected with the radiation aperture 2 are equal in amplitude and in phase, which is equivalent to being composed of 4 small radiation apertures, the electric field distribution is similar to the array electric field distribution, so that the square feed waveguide 5 has larger gain and aperture efficiency, the square feed waveguide 5 is connected with the resonant cavity 3 through the stepped impedance change section 4, the structures of the resonant cavity 3 and the extended radiation aperture 2 can effectively enhance the antenna bandwidth, and has a stable directional diagram in the working frequency band, better broadband matching can be achieved.
As can be seen from fig. 3 and 4, the first waveguide feed port 6 and the second waveguide feed port 7 are respectively coupled with the square feed waveguide 5 through coupling gaps, wherein the first waveguide feed port 6 and the second waveguide feed port 7 both adopt a rectangular waveguide structure, the first waveguide feed port 6 is used for providing linear polarization in the x-axis direction, the second waveguide feed port 7 is used for providing linear polarization in the y-axis direction, the rectangular coupling gaps inside the first waveguide feed port 6 and the second waveguide feed port 7 are arranged in a stepped manner, and for convenience of connection, the first flange 8 and the second flange 9 are rectangular.
By constituting an orthogonal mode converter by the first waveguide feed port 6, the second waveguide feed port 7 and the square feed waveguide 5, since the square feed waveguide 5 can transmit the TE10 mode and the TE01 mode at the same time, dual-polarization feeding can be realized. The first waveguide feed port 6 provides x-direction linear polarization, the second waveguide feed port 7 provides y-direction linear polarization, and the first waveguide feed port 6 and the second waveguide feed port 7 have high isolation because the metal diaphragm 10 has an isolation function to couple energy into the square feed waveguide 5 through a gap.
Since the orthogonal mode converter uses a common waveguide of a square uniform cross section for TE during the design processmnThe mode, the cutoff wavelength of which is calculated as:
wherein:
a-the dimension of the width of the rectangular waveguide;
b-the rectangular waveguide narrow side dimension;
λcthe rectangular waveguide cutoff wavelength.
In order to ensure that the square waveguide of the main channel of the orthogonal mode coupler works in a single main mode, namely TE10Die or TE01(λc2a) mode, TE must be suppressed11、TM11(λc1.414a), the main waveguide aperture size is as follows: lambda [ alpha ]L/2＜a＜λHThe design is/1.414. Wherein: lambda [ alpha ]LIs the wavelength of the lower end of the operating band, λHIs the high end wavelength of the operating band.
The cross-section is bisected by inserting a metal diaphragm 10 in the middle of the square waveguide. TE generated by a lower gap10The signal is split at the entrance of the metal diaphragm 10 into two halves which pass through the diaphragm area and recombine after passing. The thinner the membrane, the lower the loss, and the thinnest 0.5mm of the membrane can be achieved by 3D printing techniques. TE generated for upper gap01The membrane is equivalent to a short circuit surface, so that the two input ports are isolated. The distance of the coupling slot from the diaphragm or short-circuited surface is also important for matching and is typically set to 1/4 wavelengths.
For the radiation cavity, a corresponding resonance mode is excited in the radiation cavity by the feed waveguide, and energy is uniformly distributed to four radiation apertures connected in parallel through the resonance mode; the resonant mode is used for replacing a waveguide power distribution network, so that the feed loss is effectively reduced, and the performance characteristic of high gain of the broadband is realized. The operating bandwidth of the antenna is mainly determined by the number of resonant frequencies of the resonant mode. Because the resonant cavity is composed of a large cube and four small cubes, the resonant mode is more, and therefore the bandwidth is wider.
Regarding the step-type impedance change section 4, as a transition structure, a second-order chebyshev broadband impedance converter is usually adopted, and first, the length of each section of converter is determined according to the working bandwidth of the antenna:
the impedance of each section of converter is determined by a numerical simulation mode, wherein the cross section of a transition section close to one end of the radiation cavity is large, the cross section of a transition section close to the square feed waveguide is small, and the cross sections of the resonance cavity 3, the stepped impedance change section 4 and the square feed waveguide 5 in the XOY sequentially change from large to small.
The performance of the dual-polarized panel antenna unit designed by the utility model is further understood through analysis of simulation experiment data.
Note that the first waveguide feed port 6 is a 1 port, the second waveguide feed port 7 is a 2 port, and fig. 5 is an S-parameter simulation result of the dual-polarized panel antenna. Isolation | S of 1,2 ports in the frequency range of 20 GHz-27 GHz21I is lower than-37.5 dB. Reflection coefficient | S of 1 port11The | -is lower than-15 dB in the frequency range of 22.07 GHz-25.64 GHz, and the relative bandwidth is 14.97%; reflection coefficient | S of 2-port22The | is lower than-15 dB in the frequency range of 21.96 GHz-26.18 GHz, and the relative bandwidth is 17.53%.
Fig. 6 is a y-direction linear polarization directional diagram of the dual-polarized panel antenna at 25GHz, and it can be seen from fig. 6 that the E-plane and the H-plane of the antenna are almost completely coincident, the cross polarization of the antenna in the maximum radiation direction is 50.62dB, and the sidelobe levels of the E-plane and the H-plane of the antenna are 15.46dB and 14.26dB, respectively.
Fig. 7 is a directional diagram of x-direction linear polarization of the dual-polarized panel antenna at 25GHz, and it can be seen from fig. 7 that the E plane and the H plane of the antenna are almost completely overlapped, the cross polarization of the antenna in the maximum radiation direction is 44.71dB, and the sidelobe levels of the E plane and the H plane of the antenna are 15.22dB and 14.26dB, respectively.
Fig. 8 is a y-direction polarization gain versus frequency curve for a dual-polarized panel antenna, and it can be seen from fig. 8 that the antenna has the highest gain at 25GHz, which is 15.14 dB. The gain does not vary more than 2dB in the range of 22GHz to 27 GHz.
Fig. 9 is a graph of the gain of the dual-polarized panel antenna in the x-direction polarization as a function of frequency, and it can be seen from fig. 9 that the gain of the antenna is the highest at 25GHz, which is 15.2dB, and the gain does not change more than 2dB in the range of 22GHz to 27 GHz.
In summary, the utility model provides a dual-polarized panel antenna unit which is simple in structure and convenient to process, and through simulation test, the unit has the characteristics of low cross polarization and low side lobe and can be used as a unit of a dual-polarized panel antenna array.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; while the utility model has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention, and such changes are intended to be covered by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A dual-polarized panel antenna unit is characterized in that: including antenna body (1), radiation bore (2) have been seted up to the upper end of antenna body (1), the lower extreme of radiation bore (2) is provided with resonant cavity (3), resonant cavity's (3) lower extreme communicates with each other through the upper end of notch cuttype impedance variation section (4) and square feed waveguide (5) the side of antenna body (1) still is provided with first waveguide feed port (6) and second waveguide feed port (7) respectively, first waveguide feed port (6) second waveguide feed port (7) with square feed waveguide (5) constitute the orthomode converter the outer end of first waveguide feed port (6) is provided with first flange (8) the outer end of second waveguide feed port (7) is provided with second flange (9).
2. The dual polarized panel antenna unit of claim 1, wherein: the radiation caliber (2) is square, and a cross-shaped separation frame (21) is arranged inside the radiation caliber.
3. The dual polarized panel antenna unit of claim 1 or 2, wherein: and a metal diaphragm (10) used for isolating the first waveguide feed port (6) and the second waveguide feed port (7) is arranged in the inner cavity of the square feed waveguide (5), and the first waveguide feed port (6) and the second waveguide feed port (7) are respectively positioned at the upper side and the lower side of the metal diaphragm (10).
4. The dual polarized panel antenna unit of claim 3, wherein: antenna main part (1), radiation bore (2) resonant cavity (3) notch cuttype impedance change section (4) square feed waveguide (5) first waveguide feed port (6) second waveguide feed port (7) first flange (8) second flange (9) and metal diaphragm (10) all print integrated into one piece through 3D.
5. The dual polarized panel antenna unit of claim 4, wherein: the stepped impedance change section (4) is provided with 1-5 steps according to the square caliber.
6. The dual polarized panel antenna unit of claim 4, wherein: the first waveguide feed port (6) and the second waveguide feed port (7) are respectively in energy coupling with the square feed waveguide (5) through coupling gaps.
7. A dual polarized panel antenna element according to claim 1, 4 or 6, wherein: the first waveguide feed port (6) and the second waveguide feed port (7) both adopt rectangular waveguide structures, the first waveguide feed port (6) is used for providing x-axis direction linear polarization, and the second waveguide feed port (7) is used for providing y-axis direction linear polarization.
8. The dual polarized panel antenna unit of claim 7, wherein: the rectangular coupling gaps in the first waveguide feed port (6) and the second waveguide feed port (7) are arranged in a stepped mode.
9. The dual polarized panel antenna unit of claim 1, wherein: the first flange (8) and the second flange (9) are rectangular.
10. The dual polarized panel antenna unit of claim 1, wherein: the main body outline of the antenna main body (1) is cuboid.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202220962295.0U CN216958506U (en) | 2022-04-20 | 2022-04-20 | Dual-polarized panel antenna unit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202220962295.0U CN216958506U (en) | 2022-04-20 | 2022-04-20 | Dual-polarized panel antenna unit |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN216958506U true CN216958506U (en) | 2022-07-12 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202220962295.0U Active CN216958506U (en) | 2022-04-20 | 2022-04-20 | Dual-polarized panel antenna unit |
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