CN216892256U - A waterproof construction for handling earth and rockfill dam body seepage under water - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a waterproof structure for underwater processing seepage of an earth and rockfill dam body, which is characterized in that: the earth and rockfill dam body is equipped with the upper reaches bank protection, and the surface of upper reaches bank protection is filled with rubble screed-coat, and rubble screed-coat surface is filled with not dispersion mortar layer under water, and not dispersion mortar layer surface is connected with the waterproofing membrane layer under water, and the upside on waterproofing membrane layer is connected with water level fluctuation district waterproofing membrane protective layer, and waterproofing membrane top concrete coping is installed at the top of waterproofing membrane protective layer in water level fluctuation district, and waterproofing membrane layer bottom is connected with not dispersion concrete enclosed bed under water. The utility model provides a method for underwater processing seepage of an earth and rockfill dam body, when the method is adopted, a reservoir does not need to be emptied, the safety of the dam body is not influenced, and environmental pollution is not caused; the dam body treated by the method not only can thoroughly eliminate leakage, but also can enable a newly-added waterproof structure of the dam body to adapt to subsequent deformation of the dam body such as settlement, displacement and the like to a great extent.

Description

A waterproof construction for handling earth and rockfill dam body seepage under water

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of underwater processing of leakage of hydraulic structures, and particularly relates to a waterproof structure for underwater processing leakage of an earth-rock dam body.

Background

The earth and rockfill dam belongs to a granular structure, and the leakage phenomenon of the earth and rockfill dam body is caused by poor construction quality of the dam body, improper selection of dam construction materials, dam foundation settlement and the like;

for the leakage of the dam body of the earth and rockfill dam, an emptying reservoir is generally adopted to process under the dry land condition, or the dam top is processed; the current treatment modes mainly comprise: inclined wall method, filling type grouting method, impervious wall method, high-pressure jet grouting method, splitting grouting method;

the inclined wall method is to additionally make a diaphragm wall on an upstream dam slope or reinforce the original diaphragm wall so as to stop the seepage of a dam body. Although the inclined wall method can radically cure dam body leakage, dry land construction is needed, a reservoir needs to be emptied, and the engineering quantity is large;

the filling type grouting method does not need to empty the reservoir, and can be constructed under the normal use condition of the reservoir; the filling type grouting method can reduce dam body leakage to a certain extent, but the dam body leakage is difficult to eliminate completely;

the impervious wall method is that the hole is first made with machine, then the impervious material is filled in the hole, finally a impervious body is formed in the dam body, so as to block the seepage of the dam body. The diaphragm wall method can be constructed under the condition of not emptying a reservoir, the reliability of the diaphragm wall is higher, but certain damage can be generated to the integrity of a dam body structure in the construction processes of pore forming and the like, and certain potential safety hazards exist;

the high-pressure jet grouting method is that a drilling machine is used for drilling holes, then a grouting pipe with a nozzle is put to a preset position of a soil layer, and slurry (including water when a triple pipe is used) is jetted out from a nozzle by using high pressure to impact the surrounding soil body; the soil body is cut and stirred by jet flow, a part of fine soil particles flow out of the hole along with the slurry, and the rest of the soil body is mixed with the slurry to form an anti-seepage body with certain strength. The high-pressure jet grouting method has a good water stopping effect and high construction speed, but can also damage the integrity of the dam body structure to a certain extent in the construction process, can also generate construction wastes such as slurry, waste mortar and the like, and can generate adverse effects on the surrounding environment;

the splitting grouting method is characterized in that pressure mud (or cement and other materials can be added) is utilized, the dam body is controllably split through reasonable hole position arrangement, and the mud is rapidly filled, so that the defects of the dam body can be effectively compensated, and the stability of the dam body is improved. The split grouting can form a vertical continuous impervious curtain which can fill various cracks, pores and caves. After a grouting channel is split in the dam body by pressure mud, the channel can also communicate the positions with various defects in the dam body, so that more thick mud is pressed in, and the purposes of treating hidden troubles, filling the dam body and constructing an anti-seepage curtain are achieved. The filling and splitting actions are carried out simultaneously, and filling is carried out along with the filling and splitting, so that the slurry is filled into the full slurry after the seam is opened. The splitting grouting has the advantages of simple equipment, convenient operation, locally available slurry, light environmental pollution, obvious leakage stopping effect and the like; but in the splitting grouting process, the integrity of the dam body structure is damaged to a greater extent, and certain potential safety hazards exist;

in summary, although there are many methods for treating the seepage of the earth-rock dam and each method has advantages, each method has certain disadvantages, and the methods for treating the seepage of the dam are not very strong in adapting to the subsequent deformation of the dam. Therefore, the prior art is yet to be further studied.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In view of the problems raised by the above background art, the present invention is directed to: aims to provide a waterproof structure for treating the seepage of an earth-rock dam body underwater.

In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the utility model is as follows:

the utility model provides a waterproof construction that is used for underwater processing earth and rockfill dam body seepage which characterized in that: the soil and rock dam body bottom has laid the clay shop layer, one side of soil and rock dam body is equipped with the upper reaches bank protection, the surface of upper reaches bank protection is filled with rubble screed-coat, rubble screed-coat surface is filled with not dispersing the mortar layer under water, not dispersing the mortar layer surface under water and being connected with the waterproofing membrane layer, the upside on waterproofing membrane layer is connected with water level fluctuation district waterproofing membrane protective layer, waterproofing membrane top concrete capping is installed at the top of water level fluctuation district waterproofing membrane protective layer, waterproofing membrane bottom of layer is connected with not dispersing the concrete seal under water.

Further limiting, the particle size of the broken stone leveling layer is 15-35 mm, and the average thickness of the broken stone leveling layer is 280-350 mm. Due to the structural design, the gravel leveling layer can fill and level gaps and pits with different sizes.

Further limited, the underwater undispersed mortar layer contains an anti-dispersing agent, and the anti-dispersing agent is a UWB flocculating agent. The structural design ensures that the anti-dispersion effect of the underwater undispersed mortar layer is good.

Further limiting, the waterproof roll layer is formed by splicing a plurality of small-width waterproof rolls into a large-width waterproof roll, and the splicing position is firm and tight. The structure design is convenient for carrying and moving.

The utility model has the following advantages:

1. the utility model adds two waterproof of rigidity, flexibility on the upstream slope of the earth and rockfill dam of seepage at the same time, both accord with the 'up-blocking and down-discharging' principle of controlling seepage, have increased the reliability of plugging the seepage of the earth and rockfill dam;

2. the waterproof coil material layer has higher flexibility and ductility, and can ensure that the earth-rock dam body does not leak when the earth-rock dam body is settled or deformed to a certain degree;

3. during and after the implementation process, the utility model has only beneficial seepage-proofing and reinforcing effects on the dam structure, can not damage the dam structure, has no hidden trouble of influencing the safety of the dam structure, can not generate adverse influence on the surrounding environment during the implementation, and can not generate a large amount of construction waste;

4. the utility model adopts diver underwater construction, does not need to empty the reservoir, and does not influence the normal use of the reservoir;

the utility model provides a method for underwater processing earth and rockfill dam body leakage, when the method is adopted, a reservoir does not need to be emptied, the safety of the dam body is not influenced, and the environmental pollution is not caused; the dam body treated by the method not only can thoroughly eliminate leakage, but also can enable a newly added waterproof structure of the dam body to adapt to subsequent deformation of the dam body such as settlement, displacement and the like to a great extent.

Drawings

The utility model is further illustrated by the non-limiting examples given in the accompanying drawings;

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a waterproof structure for underwater seepage treatment of an earth-rock dam body according to an embodiment of the present invention;

the main element symbols are as follows:

the concrete waterproof dam comprises a macadam leveling layer 1, an underwater undispersed mortar layer 2, a waterproof roll layer 3, a waterproof roll protective layer 4 in a water level change region, a waterproof roll top concrete coping 5, an underwater undispersed concrete sealing layer 6, an earth-rock dam body 10, an upstream slope protection 11 and a clay paving layer 12.

Detailed Description

In order that those skilled in the art can better understand the present invention, the following technical solutions are further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

As shown in fig. 1, the waterproof structure for underwater processing leakage of an earth-rock dam body of the utility model is characterized in that a clay paving layer 12 is paved at the bottom of the earth-rock dam body 10, an upstream revetment 11 is arranged on one side of the earth-rock dam body 10, a macadam leveling layer 1 is filled on the surface of the upstream revetment 11, an underwater non-dispersed mortar layer 2 is filled on the surface of the macadam leveling layer 1, a waterproof roll layer 3 is connected on the surface of the underwater non-dispersed mortar layer 2, a waterproof roll protective layer 4 for a water level change area is connected on the upper side of the waterproof roll layer 3, a waterproof roll top concrete coping 5 is installed on the top of the waterproof roll protective layer 4 for the water level change area, and an underwater non-dispersed concrete sealing layer 6 is connected at the bottom of the waterproof roll layer 3.

In the embodiment, the underwater operation mode is adopted for laying, pipe supply type air diving can be adopted during underwater operation, a diver enters water according to a preset action route, and is provided with a pipe supply type air diving harness, underwater lighting equipment, an underwater camera, a diving phone and an underwater construction tool, underwater operation is carried out according to technical interaction and instructions of technical personnel, the underwater camera and the underwater phone are connected with an above-water monitor through cables, the underwater camera can carry out whole-course shooting on underwater construction, synchronously transmits videos to the above-water monitor, and enables technical personnel above a water surface to watch the videos; technicians can keep contact with divers in real time through the video monitoring system, can check and guide underwater operation of divers through the monitoring system, can realize synchronization and unification of underwater construction operation and water coordinated command,

when laying, a diver preliminarily levels the surface of the upstream slope protection 11 and puts stones protruding out of the slope surface into the low recess; the surface flatness allowable deviation of the upstream revetment after preliminary flattening can be controlled according to 300 mm;

then under the cooperation of personnel above the water surface and equipment, a diver fills a macadam leveling layer 1, the particle size of the macadam leveling layer 1 is 10-30mm, and the average thickness of the macadam leveling layer 1 can be controlled according to 300 mm; the flatness allowable deviation of the surface after the leveling layer is paved and filled can be controlled according to 50 mm;

then paving and filling an underwater undispersed mortar layer 2 on the surface of the gravel leveling layer 1, wherein the design label of the underwater undispersed mortar strength of the underwater undispersed mortar layer 2 is not lower than C30, the anti-permeability label of the underwater undispersed mortar is determined according to the design water level of the dam, the thickness of the underwater undispersed mortar layer 2 can be controlled according to 50mm, the anti-freezing label of the mortar at the position of a water level change area is determined according to the local meteorological conditions, and F200 can be selected under the general condition; in order to avoid adverse effects of temperature changes on the underwater undispersed mortar layer 2, 1 deformation joint is arranged at intervals of 15m along the longitudinal direction, the width of the deformation joint is 20mm, a flexible sealing material needs to be filled in the deformation joint, the slump of the underwater undispersed mortar layer 2 is determined according to the surface gradient of the gravel leveling layer 1 and can be generally controlled according to 120mm-140mm, and the specific index of the mortar slump during construction is controlled according to the principle of being convenient for paving and filling on the surface of the gravel leveling layer 1; when the underwater undispersed mortar layer 2 is paved and filled, a mortar test block which is cured under the same conditions under water is reserved, and the test block is placed at the position with the lowest water temperature for curing under the same conditions;

before the underwater undispersed mortar layer 2 is initially set, a waterproof coil layer 3 is paved; the waterproof roll layer 3 can be an SBS roll with sand, and the SBS waterproof roll with the width of 1m is spliced into a large-width roll with the width of 3-6m in advance on land; the lapping width between two coiled materials is not less than 100mm, and the lapping part needs to be fully coated with an underwater special adhesive to bond and seal the adjacent coiled materials; coating underwater sealant on the joint after the joint is pasted, and strictly checking the spliced joint after splicing; rolling the coil material qualified by inspection into a shaft shape by using a steel pipe with enough strength and rigidity; the purpose of splicing the small coiled materials into the large coiled materials on land is as follows: improving the efficiency and quality of paving the waterproof coiled material underwater, and then paving the surface with sand below the waterproof coiled material; the underwater paving operation is completed by a diver, and personnel above the water surface are matched with equipment;

after the strength of the underwater non-dispersed mortar same-condition curing test block reaches 10MPa, paving a waterproof coiled material protective layer 4 in a water level change area; the water-proof coiled material protection layer 4 in the water level change area adopts SBS with the thickness of the aluminum foil reflection layer being not less than 4 mm; paving and sticking the waterproof coiled material protective layer below the water surface by using an underwater special adhesive; for the parts above the water surface, the parts are paved by adopting a traditional method;

the end of the waterproof roll layer 3 needs to be embedded into the clay covering layer 12 by not less than 600mm, and the end of the waterproof roll layer 3 needs to be sealed by the clay covering layer 12 during embedding. Pouring an underwater undispersed concrete sealing layer 6 formed by underwater undispersed concrete with the width of 1600mm and the thickness of not less than 200mm on the top of the tail end of the waterproof coil layer 3, wherein the strength label of the underwater undispersed concrete sealing layer 6 is not less than C20; thereby protecting and closing the embedded part at the tail end of the waterproof roll,

the top of the waterproof coil material layer 3 is bonded with the masonry retaining wall; after the construction of the waterproof coiled material protective layer 4 in the water level change area at the top is finished, a concrete coping 5 at the top of the waterproof coiled material with the height and the width of 400mm needs to be poured; the strength mark of the concrete coping 5 at the top of the water coil is not lower than C20, the frost resistance mark of the concrete coping is determined according to local meteorological conditions, and F200 can be selected under general conditions; 1 deformation joint is required to be arranged every 15m on the concrete top 5 at the top of the water coiled material, the width of the deformation joint is 20mm, and flexible sealing materials are required to be filled in the deformation joint to form the deformation joint; the waterproof roll material layer 3 needs to be properly extended at two ends of the dam, and the end part of the waterproof roll material layer 3 needs to be ensured to be sealed in the underwater non-dispersed concrete sealing layer 6.

The particle size of the gravels of the gravel leveling layer 1 is preferably 15-35 mm, and the average thickness of the gravel leveling layer 1 is 280-350 mm. Due to the structural design, the gravel leveling layer 1 can fill and level gaps and pits with different sizes. In fact, other structural shapes of the macadam screed 1 can be considered as the case may be.

Preferably, the underwater undispersed mortar layer 2 contains an anti-dispersant agent, and the anti-dispersant agent is a UWB flocculant. The structural design ensures that the anti-dispersion effect of the underwater undispersed mortar layer 2 is good. In fact, other configurations of the underwater non-dispersed slurry layer 2 are also contemplated, as the case may be.

Preferably, the waterproof coiled material layer 3 is formed by splicing a plurality of small-width waterproof coiled materials into a large-width waterproof coiled material, and the splicing position is firm and tight. The structure design is convenient for carrying and moving. In fact, other structural shapes of the waterproofing web layer 3 may be considered as the case may be.

The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention and its efficacy, and are not to be construed as limiting the utility model. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. The utility model provides a waterproof construction that is used for underwater processing earth and rockfill dam body seepage which characterized in that: including earth and rockfill dam body (10), clay shop layer (12) has been laid to earth and rockfill dam body (10) bottom, one side of earth and rockfill dam body (10) is equipped with upper reaches bank protection (11), the surface of upper reaches bank protection (11) is filled with rubble screed-coat (1), rubble screed-coat (1) surface is filled with under water undispersed mortar layer (2), under water undispersed mortar layer (2) surface connection has waterproofing membrane layer (3), the upside of waterproofing membrane layer (3) is connected with water level fluctuation district waterproofing membrane protective layer (4), waterproofing membrane top concrete capping (5) are installed at the top of water level fluctuation district waterproofing membrane protective layer (4), waterproofing membrane layer (3) bottom is connected with under water undispersed concrete seal (6).

2. The waterproofing structure according to claim 1 for underwater treatment of earth and rockfill dam body leaks, wherein: the gravel particle size of the gravel leveling layer (1) is 15-35 mm, and the average thickness of the gravel leveling layer (1) is 280-350 mm.

3. The waterproofing structure according to claim 2 for underwater treatment of earth and rockfill dam body leaks, wherein: the underwater undispersed mortar layer (2) contains an anti-dispersing agent, and the anti-dispersing agent is a UWB flocculating agent.

4. A water resistant structure for underwater treatment of earth and rockfill dam body seepage as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the waterproof roll layer (3) is formed by splicing a plurality of small-width waterproof rolls into a large-width waterproof roll, and the splicing position is firm and tight.

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