CN216829660U

CN216829660U - Clamp for broaching blade tenon

Info

Publication number: CN216829660U
Application number: CN202122733052.8U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 林绿高
Original assignee: Changsha Luli Intelligent Equipment Co ltd
Current assignee: Changsha Luli Intelligent Equipment Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-11-09
Filing date: 2021-11-09
Publication date: 2022-06-28
Anticipated expiration: 2031-11-09

Abstract

The utility model relates to a clamp for broaching blade tenon, which comprises: a fixed seat; the profiling fixture is arranged on the fixed seat and comprises a profiling block structure used for clamping a blade body of a blade workpiece to be machined, the profiling block structure comprises two profiling blocks which are oppositely arranged at intervals and can be close to or far away from each other, and matching surfaces matched with the shape of the blade body of the blade workpiece to be machined are arranged on the opposite side walls of the two profiling blocks; the first driving mechanism is arranged on the fixed seat, and the power output end of the first driving mechanism acts on at least one of the two profiling blocks so that the two profiling blocks are close to each other to clamp a blade workpiece to be machined. The profiling fixture is used for positioning the blade body of the blade workpiece, so that the blade workpiece can be clamped in place, shaking or shifting cannot occur easily, and the broaching precision of the blade tenon is further ensured.

Description

Clamp for broaching blade tenon

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of blade tenon machining, in particular to a clamp for broaching blade tenon.

Background

Turbine blades are important components of aircraft engines. The turbine blade and the turbine disk are usually connected through a blade tenon and a mortise on the periphery of the turbine disk, wherein the machining and forming precision of the blade tenon directly influences the performance of a product. As shown in fig. 1, the blade tenon machining generally includes machining a tenon side surface section 13 on the front and rear sides, machining a tenon end surface section 14 on the left and right sides, and machining a bottom surface groove 15 of the tenon, and correspondingly, the blade tenon has two opposite side surfaces 16, two opposite end surfaces 17, and a bottom surface 18 on the side away from the blade body. At present, a five-axis numerical control machining center is generally adopted for machining blade tenons, and in order to achieve high precision, an imported five-axis numerical control machining center is basically adopted.

When the blade tenon is machined, the blade part needs to be clamped. However, because the shape of the blade is irregular, the space angle is large, and the positioning and clamping have certain difficulty, the mainstream method is to pour the blade part to form a pouring block with a standard shape so as to be convenient for clamping during the current tenon machining. For example, a method for positioning a workpiece with a complex shape by alloy pouring disclosed in the Chinese invention patent with the application number of CN201510882146.8 (with the publication number of CN105382202B) and a method for machining a circular arc tooth tenon blade of an aero-engine compressor disclosed in the Chinese invention patent with the application number of CN201410312140.2 (with the publication number of CN105269277B) are disclosed.

However, in the clamping manner in the above patent, the pouring part needs to be completely cut off after the blade tenon is machined, and the machining process is complicated, so that the production efficiency is low, and meanwhile, serious material waste is caused, and the production cost is high.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to solve the technical problem of the prior art and provides a clamp for broaching blade tenon, which can effectively simplify the clamping process and can realize firm clamping of a blade workpiece.

The technical scheme adopted by the utility model for solving the technical problems is as follows: a fixture for broaching of a bucket dovetail, comprising:

a fixed seat;

the profiling fixture is arranged on the fixed seat and comprises a profiling block structure used for clamping a blade body of a blade workpiece to be processed, the profiling block structure comprises two profiling blocks which are oppositely arranged at intervals and can be close to or far away from each other, and the opposite side walls of the two profiling blocks are provided with matching surfaces matched with the shape of the blade body of the blade workpiece to be processed;

the first driving mechanism is arranged on the fixed seat, and the power output end of the first driving mechanism acts on at least one of the two profiling blocks so that the two profiling blocks are close to each other to clamp a blade workpiece to be machined.

In order to conveniently adjust the posture of the blade workpiece, broaching machining is carried out on different areas of a blade tenon of the blade workpiece, the profile modeling fixture further comprises a supporting seat, the fixing seat is provided with a central axis, the fixing seat is arranged on the supporting seat in a manner of rotating around the central axis of the fixing seat, and the profile modeling fixture is arranged close to the central axis of the fixing seat.

As a preferred embodiment, the fixing seat is substantially cylindrical, the two profiling blocks are respectively a fixed block fixed on the fixing seat and a movable block radially and movably constrained on the fixing seat, the movable block is in transmission connection with the first driving mechanism, and the fixed block is arranged adjacent to the central axis of the fixing seat, so that the central line of a blade workpiece to be broached is substantially collinear with the central axis of the fixing seat after the blade workpiece is pressed on the fixed block by the movable block.

In order to drive the movable block to stably slide, the power output end of the first driving mechanism can be along with the parallel linear reciprocating motion of the central axis of the fixing seat, the power output end of the first driving mechanism is provided with a driving block, the driving block is in sliding fit with the movable block through an inclined plane, and therefore the driving block is along the axial movement of the fixing seat is converted into the movement of the movable block along the radial direction of the fixing seat.

In order to realize that the movable block can reset when the driving block moves reversely, the fixed seat is provided with a guide groove which is formed by extending in the radial direction, the movable block can be constrained in the guide groove in a sliding manner, the driving block is provided with a first inclined surface, one end of the movable block, which is adjacent to the driving block, is provided with a second inclined surface which is consistent with the inclined direction of the first inclined surface, one of the first inclined surface of the driving block and the second inclined surface of the movable block is provided with a T-shaped groove, the other one is provided with a T-shaped block, and the T-shaped block is constrained in the T-shaped groove in a sliding manner.

It is conceivable that the structural design of the T-shaped groove and the T-shaped block may be omitted, and the elastic member which can act on the movable block correspondingly and move the movable block radially outward is added, so that the purpose that the driving block can be automatically reset after contacting the pressing state of the movable block is achieved.

The first driving mechanism can adopt various driving parts in the prior art, and preferably, in order to ensure the firm clamping of the blade workpiece, the first driving mechanism is a driving oil cylinder.

In order to drive the fixing base to rotate, still include:

the second driving mechanism is arranged on the supporting seat and provided with a power output end capable of reciprocating along a linear direction perpendicular to the central axis of the fixed seat, a rack is arranged on the power output end of the second driving mechanism, a gear coaxially arranged is arranged on the fixed seat, and the rack is meshed with the gear.

In order to realize the stable rotation of the fixed seat relative to the supporting seat and achieve the purpose of accurate indexing, the supporting seat is provided with a mounting cavity which is transversely arranged in an extending manner, the fixed seat is rotatably arranged in the mounting cavity, part of the fixed seat is exposed out of the mounting cavity, and the profiling clamp is arranged on the part of the fixed seat, which is exposed out of the mounting cavity.

In order to facilitate the replacement of the shape blocks, the two shape blocks are detachably connected to the fixed seat. The above-mentioned shape-imitating block is a standard block, and can be replaced according to the blade work pieces of different specifications.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages that: the profiling fixture is used for positioning the blade body of the blade workpiece, so that the blade workpiece can be clamped in place, shaking or shifting cannot occur easily, and the broaching precision of the blade tenon is further ensured. The clamp structure can save the mode of adopting the blade to pour the block structure in the prior art for clamping and fixing, effectively reduces the material consumption and reduces the production cost. In the preferred scheme, the fixing seat can drive the blade workpiece which is clamped by the profiling fixture to perform posture adjustment, the purpose of broaching a plurality of parts of the blade tenon by one-time clamping is met, the complex feeding and discharging process is omitted, and the production efficiency is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a blade workpiece according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of another angle of a blade workpiece according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention (the movable block is in a state far away from the blade body);

FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention (with the movable block pressed against the blade body);

FIG. 5 is an exploded view of FIG. 3;

FIG. 6 is a top view of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken at A-A of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a right side view of an embodiment of the utility model (with the side region of the bucket workpiece in the broaching path);

FIG. 9 is a right side view of an embodiment of the utility model (with the end or bottom surface region of the bucket workpiece in the broaching path).

Detailed Description

The utility model is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying examples.

Directional terms such as "front," "rear," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "side," "top," "bottom," and the like are used in the description and claims of the present invention to describe various example structural portions and elements of the utility model, but are used herein for convenience of description only and are to be determined based on the example orientations shown in the drawings. Because the disclosed embodiments of the present invention may be oriented in different directions, the directional terms are used for descriptive purposes and are not to be construed as limiting, e.g., "upper" and "lower" are not necessarily limited to directions opposite to or coincident with the direction of gravity.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the machining of the blade tenon 12 of the blade workpiece 10 generally includes machining of tenon side surface sections 13 on the front and rear sides, machining of tenon end surface sections 14 on the left and right sides, and machining of a bottom surface groove 15 of the tenon, and correspondingly, the blade tenon 12 has two opposite side surfaces 16, two opposite end surfaces 17, and a bottom surface 18 on the side away from the blade body 11, wherein the tenon side surface sections 13 are formed on the two opposite side surfaces 16 of the blade tenon 12, the tenon end surface sections 14 are formed on the two opposite end surfaces 17 of the blade tenon 12, and the bottom surface groove 15 of the tenon is formed on the bottom surface 18 of the blade tenon 12.

Referring to fig. 3 to 9, in order to clamp the blade body 11 of the blade workpiece 10, the present embodiment discloses a fixture for broaching a blade tenon, which comprises a supporting seat 30, a fixed seat 50, a profiling fixture 40, a first driving mechanism 43 and a second driving mechanism 31.

Referring to fig. 3, the supporting seat 30 is a square structure, and has a mounting cavity 300 extending transversely, and the fixing seat 50 is rotatably disposed in the mounting cavity 300 around its central axis O. The fixing seat 50 is cylindrical, and the shape of the mounting cavity 300 of the fixing seat 50 is substantially consistent with that of the fixing seat 50, and is a cylindrical cavity. In a state where the fixing base 50 is fitted into the mounting cavity 300 of the support base 30, one end portion (front end portion) of the fixing base 50 is slightly exposed outside the mounting cavity 300 of the support base 30.

Referring to fig. 3 and 5, the profiling fixture 40 is disposed on the end surface of the fixing base 50 exposed at the front end of the mounting cavity 300 of the supporting base 30, and can rotate together with the fixing base 50, so as to adjust different postures, and thus different regions to be broached of the blade tenon 12 are sequentially located in corresponding broaching paths. For example, using vertical broaching as an example, FIG. 8 illustrates the side regions 16 of the bucket dovetail 12 being located in corresponding vertical broaching paths; fig. 9 shows that the end surface region 17 and the base surface region 18 of the blade pin 12 are located in the corresponding vertical broaching path.

Referring to fig. 6 and 7, in order to drive the fixing seat 50 to rotate, the second driving mechanism 31 is disposed on the top of the supporting seat 30, the second driving mechanism 31 has a power output end capable of reciprocating along a linear direction perpendicular to the central axis O of the fixing seat 50, specifically, the power output end of the second driving mechanism 31 reciprocates in a vertical direction, a vertically extending rack 311 is disposed on the power output end of the driving mechanism of the fixing seat 50, correspondingly, the rear end of the fixing seat 50 has a rotating shaft disposed coaxially with the central axis O thereof, the rotating shaft is coaxially connected with a gear 312, and the gear 312 is engaged with the rack 311. In the process that the driving mechanism of the fixed seat 50 drives the rack 311 to move up and down, the torsion can be transmitted to the fixed seat 50 through the gear 312, so that the angle adjustment of the fixed seat 50 (and the profiling fixture 40 arranged on the fixed seat) is realized.

Referring to fig. 3, when the fixing seat 50 is rotated to a proper position for broaching, the fixing seat 50 is locked with respect to the supporting seat 30 by the locking mechanism 32 to prevent the fixing seat from rotating. The locking mechanism 32 is disposed on the top of the supporting base 30, and can be any expansion locking structure or a locking structure with a protrusion and a groove.

The blade tenon broaching machining jigs of the present embodiment are shown in two sets which may be disposed on opposite sides of a table 20, specifically, the profiling jigs 40 of the two sets are disposed to be apart from each other.

The second driving mechanism 31 preferably uses a motor as a power source, and the motor can move the rack 311 up and down through a worm gear assembly or other existing transmission mechanisms.

Referring to fig. 5, the profiling fixture 40 includes a profiling block structure for clamping the blade body 11 of the blade workpiece 10 to be processed, the profiling block structure includes two profiling blocks which are oppositely arranged at intervals and can be close to or far away from each other, and the two profiling blocks have matching surfaces 400 on opposite side walls which are matched with the shape of the blade body 11 of the blade workpiece 10 to be processed.

The two profiling blocks are respectively a fixed block 41 and a movable block 42. The end face of the fixed seat 50 is provided with a mounting groove 51 for placing the fixed block 41 and a guide groove 52 communicated with the mounting groove 51, the guide groove 52 extends along the radial direction of the fixed seat 50, the movable block 42 is slidably constrained in the guide groove, and the fixed block 41 is arranged in the mounting groove 51 and is adjacent to the central axis O of the fixed seat 50. After the blade workpiece 10 to be broached is pressed against the fixed block 41 by the movable block 42, it is ensured that the center line M (see fig. 2 in detail) of the blade workpiece 10 is substantially collinear with the central axis O of the fixed block 50, so that the blade workpiece 10 does not deviate significantly from the central axis O of the fixed block 50 after the attitude adjustment.

The fixed block 41 and the movable block 42 are standard blocks and detachably connected to the fixed seat 50, and can be replaced according to different specifications of blade workpieces 10.

Referring to fig. 5, the first driving mechanism 43 of the present embodiment is preferably a driving cylinder, which is disposed in the fixed base 50 and whose power output end can reciprocate along a straight line parallel to the central axis O of the fixed base 50. Specifically, the power output end of the oil cylinder is provided with a driving block 44, and the driving block 44 and the movable block 42 are in sliding fit through an inclined surface, so that the axial movement of the driving block 44 along the fixed seat 50 is converted into the radial movement of the movable block 42 along the fixed seat 50. More specifically, the driving block 44 has a first inclined surface 441, one end of the movable block 42 adjacent to the driving block 44 has a second inclined surface 421 whose inclined direction is consistent with the inclined direction of the first inclined surface 441, one of the first inclined surface 441 of the driving block 44 and the second inclined surface 421 of the movable block 42 is provided with a T-shaped groove 440, and the other is provided with a T-shaped block 420, and the T-shaped block 420 is slidably constrained in the T-shaped groove 440.

The end face of the fixed seat 50 is also provided with a baffle 53, and the baffle 53 covers the opening position of the guide groove 52 to realize the limit of the movable block 42 in the axial direction. Because the movable block 42 is limited in the axial direction of the fixed seat 50, when the first driving mechanism 43 drives the driving block 44 to move axially outward (i.e. forward), the movable block 42 can be driven to move toward the fixed block 41 along the guide groove 52 of the fixed seat 50, so as to clamp the vane workpiece 10; when the second driving mechanism 31 drives the driving block 44 to move axially inward (i.e. backward), under the limiting action of the T-shaped block 420 and the T-shaped groove, the driving block 44 can drive the movable block 42 to move away from the fixed block 41 along the guide groove 52 of the fixed seat 50, and the pressing state of the blade workpiece 10 is released.

In order to avoid the deformation problem of the blade workpiece 10 during the broaching process, the blade tenon 12 portion is supported by an auxiliary supporting device, which includes a first supporting member 61 and a second supporting member 62, wherein the first supporting member 61 and the second supporting member 62 are both disposed on the fixing seat 50. The first supporting member 61 and the second supporting member 62 are circumferentially spaced apart from each other on the outer periphery of the fixing base 50, and specifically, the first supporting member 61 and the second supporting member 62 can independently reciprocate along the radial direction of the fixing base 50 and correspondingly act on the end surface area 17 and the side surface area 16 of the blade tenon 12. For example, taking vertical broaching as an example, fig. 8 shows that the side region 16 of the bucket dovetail 12 is located in the corresponding vertical broaching path, and in this state, the first support 61 is supported at the end surface region 17 of the bucket dovetail 12 from bottom to top, and the second support 62 is distant from the side region 16 of the bucket dovetail 12; fig. 9 shows that the end surface region 17 and the base surface region 18 of the blade dovetail 12 are located in the corresponding vertical broaching paths, in which the second support 62 is supported from the bottom to the top in the side region 16 of the blade dovetail 12, and the first support 61 is spaced apart from the end surface region 17 of the blade dovetail 12.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a anchor clamps that is used for broach of blade tenon, its characterized in that includes:

a fixed seat (50);

the profiling fixture (40) is arranged on the fixed seat (50) and comprises a profiling block structure used for clamping a blade body (11) of a blade workpiece (10) to be processed, the profiling block structure comprises two profiling blocks which are oppositely arranged at intervals and can be close to or far away from each other, and matching surfaces (400) matched with the shape of the blade body (11) of the blade workpiece (10) to be processed are respectively arranged on the opposite side walls of the two profiling blocks;

the first driving mechanism (43) is arranged on the fixed seat (50), and the power output end of the first driving mechanism acts on at least one of the two copying blocks so that the two copying blocks are close to each other to clamp the blade workpiece (10) to be machined.

2. The jig for broaching a bucket tenon according to claim 1, wherein: the profile modeling fixture is characterized by further comprising a supporting seat (30), wherein the fixing seat (50) is provided with a central axis (O), the fixing seat (50) is arranged on the supporting seat (30) in a mode of rotating around the central axis (O) of the fixing seat, and the profile modeling fixture (40) is arranged close to the central axis (O) of the fixing seat (50).

3. The jig for broaching a bucket tenon according to claim 2, wherein: the fixed seat (50) is basically cylindrical, the two profiling blocks are respectively a fixed block (41) fixed on the fixed seat (50) and a movable block (42) radially and movably constrained on the fixed seat (50), the movable block (42) is in transmission connection with the first driving mechanism (43), and the fixed block (41) is arranged close to the central axis (O) of the fixed seat (50), so that the central line of a blade workpiece to be broached is basically collinear with the central axis (O) of the fixed seat (50) after the blade workpiece is pressed on the fixed block (41) by the movable block (42).

4. The jig for broaching the blade tenon according to claim 3, wherein: the power output end of the first driving mechanism (43) can move in a reciprocating mode along a straight line parallel to the central axis (O) of the fixed seat (50), a driving block (44) is arranged at the power output end of the first driving mechanism (43), and the driving block (44) is in sliding fit with the movable block (42) through an inclined plane, so that the driving block (44) is axially moved along the fixed seat (50) and is converted into the movable block (42) to move along the radial direction of the fixed seat (50).

5. The jig for broaching the blade tenon according to claim 4, wherein: the fixing seat (50) is provided with a guide groove (52) which extends in the radial direction, the movable block (42) can be slidably constrained in the guide groove (52), the driving block (44) is provided with a first inclined surface (441), one end, adjacent to the driving block (44), of the movable block (42) is provided with a second inclined surface (421) which is consistent with the inclined direction of the first inclined surface (441), one of the first inclined surface (441) of the driving block (44) and the second inclined surface (421) of the movable block (42) is provided with a T-shaped groove (440), the other one is provided with a T-shaped block (420), and the T-shaped block (420) is slidably constrained in the T-shaped groove (440).

6. The jig for broaching the blade tenon according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: the first driving mechanism (43) is a driving oil cylinder.

7. The jig for broaching the blade tenon according to any one of claims 2 to 5, further comprising:

the second driving mechanism (31) is arranged on the supporting seat (30), the second driving mechanism (31) is provided with a power output end capable of reciprocating along a linear direction perpendicular to the central axis (O) of the fixed seat (50), a rack (311) is arranged on the power output end of the second driving mechanism (31), a gear (312) which is coaxially arranged is arranged on the fixed seat (50), and the rack (311) is meshed with the gear (312).

8. The jig for broaching the blade tenon according to claim 7, wherein: the supporting seat (30) is provided with a mounting cavity (300) which is transversely extended and arranged, the fixing seat (50) is rotatably arranged in the mounting cavity (300), part of the fixing seat is exposed out of the mounting cavity (300), and the profiling fixture (40) is arranged on the part, exposed out of the mounting cavity (300), of the fixing seat (50).

9. The jig for broaching a blade tenon according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: the two contour blocks are connected to the fixed seat (50) in a detachable mode.