CN216812644U

CN216812644U - Hydraulic damper

Info

Publication number: CN216812644U
Application number: CN202122791824.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 龚颖
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2021-11-16
Filing date: 2021-11-16
Publication date: 2022-06-24
Anticipated expiration: 2031-11-16

Abstract

The hydraulic damper comprises an outer shell, a hydraulic cylinder body, a switch baffle driving device, a one-way valve and a piston located in the hydraulic cylinder body, wherein the hydraulic cylinder body is arranged in the outer shell, an overflow cavity is formed between the outer shell and the hydraulic cylinder body, and the piston divides the hydraulic cylinder body into an upper balance cavity and a lower working pressure cavity. A plurality of longitudinal communication channels are arranged on the hydraulic cylinder body at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the hydraulic cylinder body. When the piston is compressed or extended in the hydraulic cylinder, the equivalent cross-sectional area of the communication channel in the working pressure cavity is changed, so that the damping coefficient is changed along with the movement of the piston.

Description

Hydraulic damper

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of dampers, in particular to a hydraulic damper for shock absorption.

Background

The conventional hydraulic damper has a general structure that: the piston is axially movable in the cylinder housing. A quantity of hydraulic fluid is contained in a working pressure chamber in the housing. The working cavity is communicated with the overflow cavity through a throttling hole oil circuit and a special structure valve.

During compression of the damper, when a load pushes the piston into the housing, hydraulic fluid will be forced through the orifice oil passage and the specially configured valve into the spill cavity simultaneously as the working pressure chamber decreases in volume.

When piston rod speed was less than the shutting speed under the normal operating mode, orifice oil circuit and special construction valve switched on simultaneously, and the flow that the pressure chamber flowed toward the overflow chamber is great, and damping coefficient is less, and when the impact load in the twinkling of an eye took place, when the increase of piston rod speed reached shutting speed, hydraulic oil pushed case, made the case overcome the spring force and closed, and hydraulic oil can only flow through from the orifice oil circuit, and the flow that the pressure chamber flowed toward the overflow chamber is very little, and damping coefficient becomes very big.

The damping coefficient of the damper jumps between two values, namely one value larger and one value smaller, instead of gradual transition from the smaller value to the larger value, and the damping coefficient cannot be adjusted.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to provide a hydraulic damper which can solve the technical problems, wherein the larger the compression stroke of a piston is, the larger the damping coefficient is, the damping coefficient is gradually transited from small to large, and the hydraulic damper can be adjusted within a certain range.

The present invention provides a hydraulic damper, comprising: the hydraulic cylinder comprises an outer shell, a hydraulic cylinder body, a switch baffle driving device, a piston rod and a one-way valve.

The hydraulic cylinder body is arranged in the outer shell; a piston moving along the axial direction of the hydraulic cylinder is arranged in the hydraulic cylinder; an overflow cavity is arranged between the outer shell and the hydraulic cylinder body; the piston divides the hydraulic cylinder into an upper balance cavity and a lower working pressure cavity; the overflow cavity is communicated with the working pressure cavity in a one-way mode through a one-way valve. The hydraulic cylinder body is provided with a plurality of longitudinal communication channels at equal intervals along the circumferential direction; the pressure cavity is communicated with the overflow cavity through a communication channel; a switch baffle plate capable of moving longitudinally is arranged in the communication channel of the hydraulic cylinder body; the communication channel on the hydraulic cylinder body is a longitudinal slit relative to the inner wall of the hydraulic cylinder body, and the communication channel is a plurality of circulation holes which are longitudinally arranged relative to the outer wall of the hydraulic cylinder body; the switch baffle is provided with the same number of circulation holes at corresponding positions relative to the circulation holes on the outer wall of the hydraulic cylinder; when the switch baffle sheet is moved to enable the hole of the switch baffle sheet and the circulation hole on the outer wall of the hydraulic cylinder to be opposite in position, the communication channel is conducted, and when the switch baffle sheet is moved to enable the hole of the switch baffle sheet and the circulation hole on the outer wall of the pressure cavity to be staggered in position, the communication channel is closed; hydraulic oil is arranged in the outer shell;

the utility model has the advantages of

Because the communication channel is a longitudinal flow gap on the inner wall of the hydraulic cylinder, the width of the gap is fixed, when the piston moves in the hydraulic cylinder, the stroke distance is changed, the length of the flow gap in the working pressure cavity is changed, and during the compression stroke, the length of the flow gap in the working pressure cavity is shortened from long to short, the flow passing through the gap is reduced, and the damping coefficient is increased; during the extension stroke, the length of a flow gap in the working pressure cavity is changed from short to long, the flow passing through the gap is increased, and the damping coefficient is reduced; so that the damping coefficient changes with the change of the piston stroke. The piston resistance can be further adjusted by actively opening or closing one or more channels, so that a proper damping coefficient is obtained.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is an overall schematic view of a hydraulic damper according to the present invention.

Figure 2 wherein: a is a schematic cross section of the hydraulic cylinder: b is a longitudinal section schematic diagram of the hydraulic cylinder: c is a schematic diagram of the switch washer.

Description of reference numerals: 1. A hydraulic cylinder portion; 1-1, the outer wall of the hydraulic cylinder; 1-2, switching a baffle sheet; 1-3, a flow hole on the outer wall of the hydraulic cylinder; 1-4, opening and closing a circulation hole on the baffle sheet; 1-5, longitudinal flow-through seams on the inner wall of the hydraulic cylinder; 1-6. a switch baffle driving device; 2. A piston portion; 2-1, a piston rod; 2-2, a piston; 3. An outer housing; 4. A one-way valve; q-1, a pressure chamber; q-2, an overflow cavity; q-3, balance cavity.

Detailed Description

Referring to the drawings, a hydraulic damper comprises: the hydraulic cylinder comprises an outer shell 3, a hydraulic cylinder body 1, a piston 2 and a one-way valve 4; switch washer 1-2; switch flap drive 1-6.

The hydraulic cylinder body 1 is arranged in the outer shell 3; a piston 2-2 moving along the axial direction of the hydraulic cylinder is arranged in the hydraulic cylinder; an overflow cavity Q-2 is formed between the outer shell 3 and the inner hydraulic cylinder body 1; a hydraulic working pressure cavity Q-1 with variable volume is arranged in the hydraulic cylinder, and the hydraulic working pressure cavity Q-1 is limited by the inner end of the piston 2-2 and the hydraulic cylinder; the hydraulic cylinder is internally provided with a hydraulic balance cavity Q-3 with variable volume, the hydraulic balance cavity Q-3 is limited in an annular space between the outer end of the piston 2-2 and the hydraulic cylinder, the pressure cavity Q-1 and the balance cavity Q-3 are separated by the piston 2-2 in the hydraulic cylinder, and the balance cavity Q-3 is directly connected with the overflow cavity Q-2.

A plurality of longitudinal communication channels are arranged on the hydraulic cylinder body at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the hydraulic cylinder body; the pressure cavity Q-1 is communicated with the overflow cavity Q-2 through a communication channel; the communication channel is: the working pressure cavity Q-1 is communicated with the overflow cavity Q-2 through a longitudinal gap 1-5 on the inner wall of the hydraulic cylinder, a plurality of circulation holes 1-4 on the switch baffle sheet 1-2 and a plurality of circulation holes 1-3 on the outer wall of the hydraulic cylinder body; the number of the circulation holes 1-4 on the switch baffle sheet 1-2 is the same as that of the circulation holes 1-3 on the outer wall of the hydraulic cylinder body, and the positions of the circulation holes correspond to those of the circulation holes; the switch baffle is driven by a driving device 1-6; when the switch baffle sheet 1-2 is moved to enable the circulation hole 1-4 to be opposite to the circulation hole 1-3, the communication channel is opened, the pressure cavity Q-1 can be communicated to the overflow cavity Q-2 through the communication channel, when the switch baffle sheet 1-2 is moved to enable the circulation hole 1-4 to be staggered with the circulation hole 1-3, the communication channel is closed, and the pressure cavity Q-1 cannot be communicated to the overflow cavity Q-2 through the communication channel.

When the piston 2-2 is compressed and moved along the axial direction, the volume of the pressure cavity Q-1 is reduced, the pressure is increased, hydraulic oil in the cavity flows to the overflow cavity Q-2 through the communicating channel, the width of the flow gap 1-5 is fixed, the length of the flow gap 1-5 in the pressure cavity Q-1 is shortened, the flow is reduced, the piston resistance is increased, the moving distance is longer, the length of the flow gap 1-5 in the pressure cavity Q-1 is shorter, and the piston resistance is larger. When the piston 2-2 moves in an extending mode along the axial direction, the volume of the pressure cavity Q-1 is increased, the pressure is reduced, hydraulic oil in the overflow cavity Q-2 flows to the pressure cavity Q-1 through the communicating channel, the length of the flow gap 1-5 in the pressure cavity Q-1 is increased, the flow is increased, the piston resistance is reduced, the moving distance is larger, the length of the flow gap 1-5 in the pressure cavity Q-1 is longer, and the piston resistance is smaller. In order to control the damping coefficient of the damper, a plurality of communication channels are arranged, one or more channels are actively opened or closed, and the appropriate damping coefficient can be obtained.

In the extreme case, the piston 2-2 is compressed to the bottom end, the volume of the pressure chamber Q-1 becomes extremely small, and the length of the flow gap 1-5 in the pressure chamber Q-1 becomes extremely short. In this case, when the piston 2-2 is extended in the return stroke, the flow rate of the hydraulic oil in the relief chamber Q-2 into the pressure chamber Q-1 is too small, which results in an excessively large damping coefficient. In order to solve the problem, a check valve 4 is added between an overflow cavity Q-2 and a pressure cavity Q-1 at the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder, the pressure in the pressure cavity Q-1 is always higher than that of the overflow cavity Q-2 during the compression stroke of the piston, the check valve 4 is in a cut-off state, the pressure in the pressure cavity Q-1 is lower than that of the overflow cavity Q-2 during the extension stroke of the piston, and the check valve 4 is conducted at the moment so as to reduce the resistance of the piston during the extension stroke.

In a preferred scheme, the check valve 4 is directly arranged in the piston 2-2, and when the piston 2-2 extends to make a stroke, hydraulic oil in the overflow cavity Q-2 flows into the pressure cavity Q-1 through the check valve 4 through the balance cavity Q-3.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the utility model has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydraulic damper comprising: the hydraulic cylinder comprises an outer shell, a hydraulic cylinder body, a switch baffle driving device, a one-way valve, a piston and a piston rod; the method is characterized in that: the hydraulic cylinder body is arranged in the outer shell; a piston moving along the axial direction of the hydraulic cylinder is arranged in the hydraulic cylinder; an overflow cavity is arranged between the outer shell and the hydraulic cylinder body; the piston divides the hydraulic cylinder into an upper balance cavity and a lower working pressure cavity; the overflow cavity is communicated with the pressure cavity in a one-way through way by a one-way valve; a plurality of longitudinal communication channels are arranged on the hydraulic cylinder body at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the hydraulic cylinder body; the pressure cavity is communicated with the overflow cavity through a communication channel; and a switch baffle plate capable of moving longitudinally is arranged in the communication channel of the hydraulic cylinder body.

2. The hydraulic damper according to claim 1, wherein the cylinder block has a plurality of longitudinal communication channels spaced at equal intervals along a circumferential direction thereof, the communication channels have a longitudinal communication slit in an inner wall of the cylinder block, the communication channels have a plurality of longitudinally arranged communication holes in an outer wall of the cylinder block, and the communication channels have cavities for receiving the switch plates.

3. The hydraulic damper of claim 1, wherein the switch dam is disposed within a switch dam cavity in a communication passage in the cylinder body; the switch baffle is provided with a plurality of small circulation holes, and the positions and the sizes of the small circulation holes are the same as those of the small circulation holes on the outer wall of the hydraulic cylinder body.