CN216795702U

CN216795702U - Disturbance limiting type high-speed precision seed sowing device

Info

Publication number: CN216795702U
Application number: CN202220095205.2U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄玉祥; 高国杰; 伍景涛
Original assignee: Northwest A&F University
Current assignee: Northwest A&F University
Priority date: 2022-01-14
Filing date: 2022-01-14
Publication date: 2022-06-24
Anticipated expiration: 2032-01-14

Abstract

The utility model provides a disturbance limit type high-speed precise seed sowing device, which consists of a seed inlet pipe, a fixed front shell, a flexible seed disturbing convex plate, a flexible limit slope plate, a seed sowing wheel, a transmission shaft, a fixed rear shell, a lateral drainage plate, a bucket shovel type forward seed taking unit and a backflow seed cleaning plate. According to the utility model, through designing the lateral drainage plate, the bucket shovel type forward seed taking unit, the flexible seed disturbing convex plate and the flexible limiting slope plate, the operations of seed filling, seed clearing, seed carrying and seed throwing are completed, and high-speed precision seeding is realized.

Description

Disturbance limiting type high-speed precision seed sowing device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a precision seed-metering device of a soybean seeder, in particular to a disturbance limiting type high-speed precision seed-metering device.

Background

The precision seed-metering device is used as a core working component of a precision seeding technology, the working performance of the precision seed-metering device directly influences seeding precision, efficiency, emergence rate of seeds and the like, and the precision seed-metering device is always a key point and a hot point for researches of scholars at home and abroad. The precision seed-metering device is divided into a mechanical type and a pneumatic type according to the working principle. The pneumatic seed sowing device utilizes air flow to take, clear, carry and throw seeds, has the advantages of high sowing precision, strong seed adaptability and the like, is easy to realize high-speed and precise sowing, and therefore, the pneumatic seed sowing device occupies an active position on a medium-high speed precise sowing machine. However, the pneumatic seeding system also has the disadvantages of large power consumption, numerous and complex auxiliary equipment, high price, unstable seeding quality under variable working conditions and the like. Compared with a pneumatic seed sowing device, the mechanical precision seed sowing device has the advantages of simple structure, good matching performance, low manufacturing and using cost and the like, and is popular with farmers. However, with the increase of the operation speed, the seed-metering precision of the mechanical precision seed-metering device is linearly decreased, and the actual precision seed-metering operation requirement cannot be completely met, thereby directly restricting the scale and range of application and popularization. The reason is that the mechanical precision seed sowing device has fatal defects of seed filling, seed cleaning and seed carrying effects obviously reduced during high-speed operation in the field, the seeding missing phenomenon is serious, further the seedling breaking and the yield reduction are caused, a plurality of advantages of simple structure, low cost and the like cannot be exerted, and the optimized design of the mechanical seed sowing device still has a great space for improvement. On the basis of analyzing and referring to the design of the existing seed sowing device, the high-speed precise seed sowing device aiming at soybean seeds is designed to realize the high-efficiency seed cleaning and carrying as a breakthrough, a bucket-shovel type positive seed taking unit on a seed sowing wheel is utilized to break a group force arch, soybean groups are guided through a lateral drainage plate, the group mobility is increased, and the high-efficiency seed filling is realized; disturbance seed cleaning is carried out on the seeds through the multiple disturbance action of the flexible seed disturbance convex plate, the cleaned seeds are limited by the backflow seed cleaning plate and flow back to the seed filling area, and stable seed cleaning is realized; the flexible limiting slope plate limits the seeds to be sowed in the seed taking unit with the reduced volume to complete limiting seed carrying, then the flexible limiting slope plate continues to keep motion constraint of the seeds to be sowed, the seeds to be sowed leave the seed sowing device through the seed throwing port to be thrown, and precise seed sowing under the high-speed operation condition is realized.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In view of the above situation, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art and achieve the above object, the present invention provides a disturbance limiting type high-speed precision seed-metering device, which can adapt to high-speed vibration operation conditions, and effectively solves the problems of poor seed filling, seed cleaning and seed carrying effects and easy seed damage of the traditional mechanical seed-metering device.

The utility model provides the following technical scheme: a disturbance limiting type high-speed precise seed sowing device comprises a seed inlet pipe 1, a fixedly-mounted front shell 2, a flexible seed disturbing convex plate 8, a flexible limiting slope plate 9, a seed sowing wheel 4, a transmission shaft 3, a fixedly-mounted rear shell 5, a lateral drainage plate 6, a bucket shovel type forward seed taking unit 7 and a backflow seed cleaning plate 10. The method is characterized in that: the lateral drainage plate 6 is additionally arranged on the inner wall of the seed sowing wheel 4, so that the mobility and the seed filling effect of the seed group are improved; the flexible seed disturbing convex plate 8 is arranged on the left upper side of the fixed rear shell 5, and can affect the internal space of the bucket-shovel type forward seed taking unit 7 for multiple times in a seed cleaning stage, so that seeds to be cleaned fall off from the bucket-shovel type forward seed taking unit 7 under the disturbance action, the separation of redundant seeds and seeds to be sowed is completed, and then seed cleaning is completed; the excessive seeds falling from the bucket shovel type forward seed taking unit 7 are limited in space through the backflow seed cleaning plate 10, and the excessive seeds are prevented from directly falling from the seed discharging port; the upper right side of the fixed rear shell 5 is provided with a flexible limiting slope plate 9 which can limit the inner space of the bucket shovel type forward seed taking unit 7, so that the seeds to be sowed are prevented from falling off from the bucket shovel type forward seed taking unit 7 in the seed taking process, and then the seed taking is completed.

The seed sowing wheel 4 is used as a core component of the seed sowing device, the main components of the seed sowing wheel are a bucket shovel type positive seed taking unit 7 and a lateral drainage plate 6, the seeds are guided to be supplemented to a seed filling plane along the lateral drainage plate 6 by utilizing the gravity component, and the population density and the population mobility of the seed filling plane in the seed filling process are ensured; the bucket shovel type forward seed taking unit 7 exerts a forward shearing force on the soybean particle population to achieve the effect of breaking an arch and filling seeds, and forms a seed metering device seed taking space together with the inner wall part of the front side of the rear shell 5 fixedly installed on the seed metering device, and the three components act together to achieve the lateral drainage and seed filling of the soybean particles.

The flexible seed disturbing convex plate 8 is a gentle convex structure made of flexible materials, is arranged on the fixed rear shell 5 and is uniformly distributed at intervals, so that the disturbance action is repeatedly exerted on the internal space of the seed taking unit in the seed clearing stage, seeds to be cleared are cleared under the disturbance action, and the rebroadcasting phenomenon caused by the fact that the seeds to be cleared cannot be cleared in time due to the fact that the rotating speed of the seed sowing device is too high is solved; and the flexible seed disturbing convex plate 8 is made of flexible materials, so that the damage rate of seeds is reduced.

The flexible limiting slope plate 9 is a continuous plate-shaped structure made of flexible materials, is arranged on the fixed rear shell 5 and continuously changes, when seeds to be thrown pass through a seed carrying stage, the seeds to be thrown are positioned in a space between the flexible limiting slope plate 9 and the arc-shaped inner cavity of the seed taking unit, and the seeds to be thrown are subjected to space constraint due to the gradual increase of the protrusion degree of the flexible limiting slope plate 9, so that the seeds are prevented from being separated from the seed taking unit, and the seeding quality is improved; and the flexible limiting slope plate 9 is made of flexible materials with deformability, so that the phenomenon of seed injury is reduced.

The backflow seed cleaning plate 10 is arranged on the front shell 2 and does not change position along with the rotation of the transmission shaft 3, and during the disturbance seed cleaning process, cleaned seeds are limited by the backflow seed cleaning plate 10 to flow back to the seed filling area, so that stable seed cleaning is realized.

The inner wall surface of the seed sowing wheel 4 is provided with lateral drainage plates 6 which are equal to the bucket-shovel type forward seed taking units 7, and each lateral drainage plate 6 corresponds to the bucket-shovel type forward seed taking units 7 one by one, so that the lateral drainage plates are well butted, and the mobility of the seed group and the seed filling efficiency in the seed filling stage are increased.

The bucket-shovel type forward seed taking unit 7 removes a bottom plate at the lower part, and the inner space of the bucket-shovel type forward seed taking unit 7 can be adjusted by the flexible seed disturbing convex plate 8 and the flexible limiting slope plate 9.

The flexible seed disturbing convex plate 8 arranged on the left upper side of the fixed rear shell 5 is gently convex, has multiple sections and is relatively uniform in interval.

The right upper side of the fixedly-mounted rear shell 5 is provided with a flexible limiting slope plate 9, and the protruding degree of the flexible limiting slope plate 9 is continuously increased in the transition process from the seed cleaning stage to the seed carrying stage.

The utility model has the following advantages:

the self gravity component and the lateral drainage of the seed population are utilized to improve the density of the seed population in the seed filling area, increase the carrying effect of the seed sowing wheel 4 on the seed population and improve the seed filling effect.

The seed filling, seed clearing and seed carrying problems under the high-speed operation condition can be solved, the operation adaptability of the seed sowing device is improved, the flexible seed disturbing convex plate 8 and the flexible limiting slope plate 9 are made of materials with yielding performance, and the damage rate of seeds is reduced.

The bottom of the bucket shovel type forward seed taking unit 7 is exposed, and the inner space of the seed taking unit can be adjusted by the flexible seed disturbing convex plate 8 and the flexible limiting slope plate 9. Compared with the traditional mechanical high-speed precise seed sowing device, the seed sowing device has the advantages that the integral structure is greatly simplified, the difficulty coefficient of processing and manufacturing parts is low, the production and installation are relatively easy, and the seed sowing device has higher economic and practical values and the potential of mass production.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a disturbance limiting type high-speed precision seed-metering device of the utility model, fig. 2 is an exploded view of fig. 1, fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a seed-metering wheel 4, fig. 4 and 5 are schematic structural diagrams of a fixedly-mounted rear shell 5, and fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a fixedly-mounted front shell 2.

In the

drawings

1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, 1 is a seed inlet pipe 2, a front shell 3 is fixedly arranged, a transmission shaft 4 is arranged, a seed sowing wheel 5 is fixedly arranged, a rear shell 6 is fixedly arranged, a lateral flow guide plate 7 is arranged, a bucket shovel type forward seed taking unit 8 is provided with a flexible seed disturbing convex plate 9, a flexible limit slope plate 10 is provided, and a backflow seed cleaning plate is arranged.

Detailed Description

The foregoing and other aspects, features and advantages of the utility model will be apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which fig. 1-6 are shown. The structural content mentioned below is all referred to the attached drawings of the specification.

The working link of the disturbance limiting type high-speed precise seed sowing device can be divided into four stages of lateral drainage seed filling, disturbance seed cleaning, limitation seed carrying and stable seed throwing. When the seed sowing device works, seeds continuously enter the inner cavity of the seed sowing device from the seed box through the seed inlet pipe 1, the motor drives the transmission shaft 3 to rotate, power is input into the seed sowing device through the transmission shaft 3, and the seed sowing wheel 4 is driven to do rotary motion in the inner cavity of the seed sowing device.

When the bucket shovel type positive seed taking unit 7 on the seed sowing wheel 4 passes through the seed group in the seed filling area, the seed group flows to the 7-shaped holes of the bucket shovel type positive seed taking unit along the lateral drainage plates 6 distributed on the inner wall of the seed sowing wheel 4 under the action of gravity component, so that high-efficiency seed filling is realized.

When the bucket shovel type forward seed taking unit 7 filled with soybean seeds passes through the seed cleaning area, the inner space of the seed taking unit is acted by the flexible seed disturbing convex plate 8 arranged on the fixedly-arranged rear shell 5, redundant seeds which are less restrained are quickly separated from the seed taking unit under multiple disturbances, and the redundant seeds are limited by the backflow seed cleaning plate 10 arranged on the fixedly-arranged front shell 2 to flow back to the seed filling area, so that disturbance seed cleaning is realized.

After the seed taking unit which finishes seed cleaning operation rotates to a seed carrying area, the seeds to be sowed are limited in a space formed by the inner wall of the seed taking unit and the flexible limiting slope plate 9 through the flexible limiting slope plate 9 fixedly arranged on the rear shell 5, the volume is reduced, the movement constraint on the seeds is kept, the seeds are prevented from being separated from the seed taking unit due to vibration or other factors before reaching the seed sowing area, and therefore the limiting seed carrying is finished.

When the bucket shovel type forward seed taking unit 7 enters a seed throwing area, seeds to be sowed leave the seed sowing device through the seed throwing port to carry out seed throwing operation, so that stable seed throwing is realized.

The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and main features of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and those skilled in the art should make equivalent changes or modifications to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a spacing high-speed smart volume seed metering ware of disturbance, by the seed inlet pipe, adorn preceding shell admittedly, flexible seed disturbing flange, flexible spacing ramp, seed metering wheel, transmission shaft, adorn the backshell admittedly, side direction drainage board, fill shovel type forward get kind of unit and the clear seed board of backward flow and constitute its characterized in that: the lateral drainage plate is additionally arranged on the inner wall of the seed sowing wheel, so that the mobility and the seed filling effect of the seed group are improved; the flexible seed disturbing convex plate is arranged on the left upper side of the fixed rear shell, and can influence the internal space of the bucket-shovel type forward seed taking unit for multiple times in a seed cleaning stage, so that seeds to be cleaned fall from the bucket-shovel type forward seed taking unit under the disturbance action, the separation of redundant seeds and seeds to be sowed is completed, and then the seed cleaning is completed; the excessive seeds falling from the bucket shovel type forward seed taking unit are limited in space through the backflow seed cleaning plate, and the excessive seeds are prevented from directly falling from the seed discharging port; the upper right side of the fixed rear shell is provided with a flexible limiting slope plate which can limit the internal space of the bucket shovel type forward seed taking unit, so that the seeds to be sowed can be prevented from falling off from the bucket shovel type forward seed taking unit in the seed taking process, and seed taking is further completed.

2. The disturbance limiting type high-speed precision seed sowing device according to claim 1, wherein the inner wall surface of the seed sowing wheel is provided with lateral drainage plates which are equal to the bucket-shovel type positive seed taking units, and each lateral drainage plate corresponds to the bucket-shovel type positive seed taking units one by one, so that the mobility of the seed group and the seed filling efficiency in the seed filling stage are increased.

3. The disturbance limit type high-speed precision seed metering device according to claim 1, wherein the bucket-shovel type forward seed taking unit removes a lower bottom plate, and a flexible seed disturbance convex plate and a flexible limit slope plate can be used for adjusting the inner space of the bucket-shovel type forward seed taking unit.

4. The disturbance limit type high-speed precision seed-metering device according to claim 1, wherein the flexible seed-disturbing convex plate arranged on the left upper side of the fixed rear shell is gently convex, has multiple sections and is relatively uniform in interval.

5. The disturbance limit type high-speed precision seed-metering device according to claim 1, wherein the backflow seed-cleaning plate is additionally arranged on the fixedly-mounted front shell and does not change position along with the rotation of the transmission shaft.

6. The disturbance limit type high-speed precision seed-metering device according to claim 1, characterized in that a flexible limit slope plate is arranged on the right upper side of the fixed rear shell, and the protruding degree of the flexible limit slope plate is continuously increased in the transition process from the seed cleaning stage to the seed carrying stage.