CN212812689U

CN212812689U - Rice hole direct seeding mechanism capable of achieving precise seed taking on two sides

Info

Publication number: CN212812689U
Application number: CN202021062867.7U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李向军; 赵大勇; 张成亮; 崔波
Original assignee: Harbin Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Current assignee: Harbin Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Priority date: 2020-06-02
Filing date: 2020-06-02
Publication date: 2021-03-30
Anticipated expiration: 2030-06-02

Abstract

A rice hole direct seeding mechanism with double-side precision seed taking belongs to agricultural machinery, a shell of the mechanism is divided into a left seed cavity and a right seed cavity, and an eccentric wheel, a seed discharging guide rod, a seed picking brush, a flexible follow-up seed protecting belt and a seed discharging pipe are sequentially arranged on the lower part of the shell from right to left; during operation, the seed discharging guide rod drives the left seed discharging nozzle and the right seed discharging nozzle to reciprocate under the action of the eccentric wheel; firstly, when a left seed discharging nozzle translates from a left seed taking position to the right, a left picking brush is used for removing redundant seeds, then under the protection of a flexible following belt, the left seed discharging nozzle reaches a seed discharging port position, the seeds fall into a seed discharging pipe to complete seed discharging operation, and at the moment, the right seed discharging nozzle reaches a right seed taking position to take seeds; secondly, the seed sowing guide rod moves horizontally leftwards, redundant seeds are removed by a right hairbrush in the period, then under the protection of a flexible follow-up belt, the right seed sowing nozzle carries the seeds to reach the position of a seed sowing port for seed sowing, at the moment, the left seed sowing nozzle reaches the left seed taking position for seed taking, and then the next round of reciprocating motion is carried out; the device realizes the rice hole direct seeding operation with accurate and adjustable seeding quantity.

Description

Rice hole direct seeding mechanism capable of achieving precise seed taking on two sides

Technical Field

The invention belongs to agricultural machinery, and mainly relates to a rice hole direct seeding mechanism for bilateral precision seed taking.

Background

At present, the rice planting modes in China mainly include manual direct seeding, manual transplanting, machine seedling throwing, machine seedling transplanting, machine direct seeding and the like, wherein the machine seedling transplanting, the machine seedling throwing and the machine direct seeding are main directions of rice planting mechanization in China, the mechanization proportion of the machine seedling transplanting in the rice planting is high, but is limited by factors such as seedling raising, machinery, yield, cost and the like, the improvement of the rice planting level by simply improving the area of the machine seedling transplanting has certain difficulty and is unrealistic, and the machine direct seeding has the characteristics of labor saving, cost saving, labor saving, high yield, high efficiency, strong adaptability and the like, and has a good popularization and application effect under the current rural economic condition. The seed sowing device is a core component for precision sowing, and the main types of the seed sowing device comprise an outer fluted-wheel type seed sowing device, a centrifugal type seed sowing device, a vertical disc type seed sowing device, a horizontal disc type seed sowing device, an air blowing type seed sowing device, an air pressure type seed sowing device and the like, most of the existing rice direct sowing machines adopt the outer fluted-wheel type seed sowing devices and a pocket type seed sowing device as the core components, the seed sowing devices are not suitable for the physical characteristics of rice seeds, are poor in sowing precision, poor in uniformity, high in void ratio and easy to damage the seeds, for example, the representative type of the early rice direct sowing machine is an Shanghai series outer fluted-wheel type rice strip direct sowing machine, the machine directly broadcasts the bud seeds onto mud in a paddy field, but due to the adoption of the outer fluted-wheel seed sowing device, a proper seed cleaning mechanism is not available, the seed damage; the 2BD-10 equal-row-spacing rice precision hole direct sowing machine developed by agriculture in south China has the advantages of good uniformity, simple structure, simplicity and convenience in operation, low energy consumption and the like, but the machine is not suitable for high-speed operation and has some common defects of a strip direct sowing machine.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a rice hole direct sowing mechanism with approximate stop type precision seed taking on two sides by combining the actual requirements of rice direct sowing operation, the device innovatively designs an eccentric wheel driving guide rod mechanism, realizes approximate stop on the left side and the right side of a guide rod according to the motion trail of the guide rod, ensures that seeds can fully enter and leave a seed sowing nozzle, and achieves the precision seed taking and full seed sowing effects; during operation, the seed discharging guide rod drives the left seed discharging nozzle and the right seed discharging nozzle to reciprocate under the action of the eccentric wheel, firstly, when the left seed discharging nozzle translates rightwards from a left seed taking position, redundant seeds are removed by the left hairbrush during the translation, then under the protection of the flexible follow-up belt, the left seed discharging nozzle reaches a seed discharging port position, the seeds fall into the seed discharging pipe under the self gravity, then the right seed discharging nozzle reaches a right seed taking position to take the seeds, secondly, the seed discharging guide rod drives the two seed discharging nozzles to translate leftwards, the redundant seeds are removed by the right hairbrush during the translation, then under the protection of the flexible follow-up belt, the right seed discharging nozzle reaches the seed discharging port position, the seeds fall into the seed discharging pipe under the self gravity, at the moment, the left seed discharging nozzle reaches the left seed taking position to take the seeds, and finally, the next round of reciprocating motion is carried out; the device realizes hole sowing operation of dry direct sowing of rice, can meet the requirement of accurate and adjustable sowing quantity by replacing the seed sowing nozzles with different diameters, and has very good sowing effect.

1. The purpose of the invention is realized as follows: the seed metering device comprises a seed metering shell and all parts assembled on the seed metering shell, wherein two flow control plates are fixedly installed at the positions of flow control plate holes on two side walls in the middle of the seed metering shell by bolts; the flow control plate can slide up and down along the side wall of the seeding shell so as to control the seed inlet flow; an eccentric wheel, a seeding guide rod, a seed picking brush and a flexible follow-up seed protecting belt are sequentially arranged at the lower part of the seeding shell from right to left; the seeding guide rod is positioned in a seeding guide rod cavity of the seeding shell, the seeding guide rod can slide in a left-right reciprocating manner in the seeding guide rod cavity, and the other end of the seeding guide rod is fixedly provided with a translation frame; the translation frame is assembled on an eccentric wheel, and the diameter of the eccentric wheel is equal to the width of an inner frame of the translation frame; the eccentric wheel is fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft through a flat key; the rotating shaft is arranged in a rotating shaft mounting hole of the seed sowing shell and performs rotary motion, and a driving chain wheel is fixedly arranged at the other end of the rotating shaft; two seeding nozzles are respectively and fixedly arranged on the seeding guide rod; a flexible follow-up seed protecting belt is arranged in the middle position above the seed sowing guide rod, the flexible follow-up seed protecting belt is assembled on a seed protecting belt shaft, and the seed protecting belt shaft is assembled in a belt shaft mounting hole of the seed sowing shell and can perform rotary motion; two seed picking brushes are respectively arranged at the two sides of the flexible follow-up seed protecting belt, the two seed picking brushes are respectively and fixedly arranged on a driving brush shaft and a driven brush shaft, the two ends of the driving brush shaft and the driven brush shaft are assembled in two brush shaft mounting holes of the seed discharging shell, and one end of the brush shaft is assembled in a hole of a square brush seat; the square brush seat slides up and down along the slide way adjusting plate through the adjusting bolt; a driving brush gear and a driven chain wheel are fixedly arranged at the other extending end of the driving brush shaft respectively, and the driven chain wheel is assembled with the driving chain wheel through a chain and can perform rotary motion; a driven brush gear is fixedly arranged at the other extending end of the driven brush shaft, and the driven brush gear is meshed with the driving brush gear; the seed tube is fixedly arranged at the position of the seed tube mounting hole at the lower part of the seed shell.

The invention realizes the hole sowing operation of the rice direct sowing device in the field, has accurate and adjustable sowing quantity, has the characteristics of unique, novel and reasonable structure, convenient operation, high accuracy, low failure rate and the like, and provides technical support for the popularization and application of the mechanized direct sowing technology of the rice.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a rice hole direct sowing mechanism for double-sided precision seed taking;

FIG. 2 is a bottom view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a rear view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a schematic three-dimensional view of a seed metering housing;

FIG. 6 is a semi-sectional view of the seed metering housing;

FIG. 7 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of a rice hole direct sowing mechanism for double-sided precision seed taking;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a fixed structure of a seed discharging guide rod, a seed discharging nozzle and a translation frame;

description of part numbers in the figures:

1. a seed discharge housing; 1-1, flow control plate holes; 1-2, a brush shaft mounting hole; 1-3, a seed sowing guide rod cavity; 1-4, belt shaft mounting holes; 1-5, seed tube mounting holes; 1-6, a rotating shaft mounting hole; 2. a flow control panel; 3. a bolt; 4. adjusting the bolt; 5. a square brush base; 6. a driven brush shaft; 7. a slideway adjusting plate; 8. protecting the belt shaft; 9. a seed discharge pipe; 10. a drive brush shaft; 11. a seed discharging guide rod; 12. an eccentric wheel; 13. Translating the frame; 14. a rotating shaft; 15. a drive sprocket; 16. a chain; 17. a driven sprocket; 18. a driving brush gear; 19. a driven brush gear; 20. picking the seeds with a brush; 21. a seed discharge nozzle; 22. flexible follow-up protects kind of belt.

Detailed Description

2. The following detailed description of the inventive embodiments is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings. A rice hole direct seeding mechanism with double-side precision seed taking comprises a seeding shell 1 and all parts assembled on the seeding shell 1, wherein two flow control plates 2 are fixedly installed on flow control plate holes 1-1 on two side walls in the middle of the seeding shell 1 through bolts 3; the flow control plate 2 can slide up and down along the side wall of the seeding shell 1 so as to control the seed inlet flow; an eccentric wheel 12, a seeding guide rod 11, a hair picking brush 20 and a flexible follow-up seed protecting belt 22 are sequentially arranged at the lower part of the seeding shell 1 from right to left; the seeding guide rod 11 is positioned in a seeding guide rod cavity 1-3 of the seeding shell 1, the seeding guide rod 11 can slide in a left-right reciprocating manner in the seeding guide rod cavity 1-3, and the other end of the seeding guide rod 11 is fixedly provided with a translation frame 13; the translation frame 13 is assembled on an eccentric wheel 12, and the diameter of the eccentric wheel 12 is equal to the width of an inner frame of the translation frame 13; the eccentric wheel 12 is fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft 14 through a flat key; the rotating shaft 14 is arranged in a rotating shaft mounting hole 1-6 of the seeding shell 1 and performs rotary motion, and a driving chain wheel 15 is fixedly arranged at the other end of the rotating shaft 14; two seeding nozzles 21 are respectively and fixedly arranged on the seeding guide rod 11; a flexible following seed protecting belt 22 is arranged in the middle position above the seed sowing guide rod 11, the flexible following seed protecting belt 22 is assembled on a seed protecting belt shaft 8, and the seed protecting belt shaft 8 is assembled in belt shaft mounting holes 1-4 of the seed sowing shell 1 and can perform rotary motion; two sides of the flexible follow-up seed protecting belt 22 are respectively provided with a seed picking brush 20, the two seed picking brushes 20 are respectively and fixedly arranged on a driving brush shaft 10 and a driven brush shaft 6, two ends of the driving brush shaft 10 and the driven brush shaft 6 are assembled in two brush shaft mounting holes 1-2 of the seeding shell 1, and one end of the brush shaft is assembled in a hole of a square brush seat 5; the square brush seat 5 slides up and down along the slideway adjusting plate 7 through the adjusting bolt 4; a driving brush gear 18 and a driven sprocket 17 are fixedly mounted at the other extending end of the driving brush shaft 10, and the driven sprocket 17 is assembled with the driving sprocket 15 through a chain 16 and can rotate; a driven brush gear 19 is fixedly arranged at the other extending end of the driven brush shaft 6, and the driven brush gear 19 is meshed with the driving brush gear 18; the seed tube 9 is fixedly arranged on the seed tube mounting hole 1-5 at the lower part of the seed shell 1.

During field operation, when a rotary external force acts on the rotary shaft 14, the rotary shaft 14 drives the eccentric wheel 12 and the driving chain wheel 15 to do uniform-speed circular motion together, on one hand, the rotary eccentric wheel 12 is converted into reciprocating motion of the seed sowing guide rod 11 under the action of the translation frame 13, and operations such as bidirectional seed taking, seed feeding and seed sowing are completed; on the other hand, the driving sprocket 15 drives the driven sprocket 17 to make a rotary motion together through the chain 16, the driven sprocket 17 makes a rotary motion together with the driving brush gear 18 through the driving brush shaft 10, the driving brush gear 18 drives the driven brush gear 19 to make a rotary motion in opposite directions, and the driving brush gear 18 and the driven brush gear 19 respectively drive the hair-picking brushes 20 to finish the removal operation of the left and right redundant seeds. The specific detailed process comprises the following three aspects:

when a rotary external force acts on the rotary shaft 14, the rotary shaft 14 drives the eccentric wheel 12 to do uniform-speed circular motion, the eccentric wheel 12 drives the translation frame 13 and the seed sowing guide rod 11 to do left-right reciprocating motion, as shown in fig. 3, the left seed sowing nozzle 21 is just positioned under the left seed cavity of the seed sowing shell 1 to perform seed taking operation; the right seed discharging nozzle 21 is positioned at the position of the opening of the middle seed discharging pipe 9, and seeds fall down to perform seed discharging operation.

Secondly, when the eccentric wheel 12 rotates 180 degrees continuously from the position shown in the figure 3, the seed sowing guide rod 11 translates rightwards; firstly, the seed discharging mouth 21 on the left carries seeds to pass through the hair picking brush 20 on the left to pick redundant seeds, the size of the removed quantity can be adjusted by the adjusting bolt 4, when the seed discharging mouth is adjusted upwards, the removed quantity is reduced, and when the seed discharging mouth is adjusted downwards, the removed quantity is increased; secondly, the seed discharge nozzle 21 carries the seeds and passes through a flexible following seed protection belt 22, the flexible following seed protection belt 22 is made of flexible rubber, and the flexible following seed protection belt reciprocates along with the seed discharge guide rod 11 under the action of friction force of the seed discharge guide rod 11, so that the seeds are protected from being abraded, and the emergence rate of the seeds is ensured; finally, the seed discharging nozzle 21 on the left carries the seeds to the position of the opening of the seed discharging pipe 9, and the seeds fall into the seed discharging pipe 9 under the action of self gravity to complete the seed discharging operation; meanwhile, the right seed discharging nozzle 21 is positioned right below the right seed cavity of the seed discharging shell 1 for seed taking operation; the left seed discharging nozzle 21 is just positioned at the opening of the middle seed discharging pipe 9, and seeds fall down to perform seed discharging operation.

Thirdly, when the eccentric wheel 12 rotates 180 degrees again and returns to the position shown in the figure 3, the seed sowing guide rod 11 translates leftwards; firstly, the right seed discharging nozzle 21 carries seeds to pass through the right hairbrush picking 20 to remove redundant seeds; secondly, the seed discharging nozzle 21 carries seeds and passes through a flexible follow-up seed protecting belt 22; finally, the right seed discharging nozzle 21 carries the seeds to the position of the opening of the seed discharging pipe 9, and the seeds fall into the seed discharging pipe 9 under the action of self gravity to complete seed discharging operation; meanwhile, the left seed discharging nozzle 21 is positioned under the left seed cavity of the seed discharging shell 1 for seed taking operation; then, the next round of reciprocating motion is carried out to finish the operations of seed taking, seed feeding, seed discharging, returning and the like.

During field operation, the flow control plate 2 can control the seed inlet flow, and the flow control plate has the functions of ensuring that the quantity of seeds at the seed inlet position is sufficient and the pressure is not large, and preventing the phenomenon that the seeds at the seed inlet position cannot be filled due to the fact that the pressure at the seed inlet position is too large when the flow is too large.

During field operation, the seeding nozzles 21 with different inner diameters can be replaced at any time according to different seeding quantities so as to meet different seeding quantity requirements.

The invention innovatively designs a mechanism for driving a seeding guide rod 11 to move horizontally by rotating an eccentric wheel 12 at a constant speed, and has the advantages that: when the eccentric wheel 12 is rotated at a constant speed to drive the seed sowing guide rod 11 to reciprocate, and when the seed sowing guide rod 11 is translated to be close to the positions of the left seed cavity and the right seed cavity, the transverse displacement speed of the seed sowing guide rod 11 is gradually reduced, so that sufficient time for seed taking and seed sowing can be ensured, and precision seeding is realized.

The invention innovatively adopts double-side seed taking and one reciprocating operation of the seed discharging guide rod 11, can finish two times of seed taking and seeding operations, greatly improves the operation efficiency, reduces the abrasion of the seed discharging guide rod 11 to the seed discharging shell 1 and prolongs the service life.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a rice cave direct seeding mechanism of two side smart volume seed fetches, includes seed metering casing (1) and joins in marriage all spare parts constitution on seed metering casing (1), its characterized in that: two flow control plates (2) are fixedly arranged at the positions of flow control plate holes (1-1) on two side walls in the middle of the seeding shell (1) by bolts (3); the flow control plate (2) can slide up and down along the side wall of the seeding shell (1) so as to control the seed feeding flow; an eccentric wheel (12), a seeding guide rod (11), a seed picking brush (20) and a flexible follow-up seed protecting belt (22) are sequentially arranged at the lower part of the seeding shell (1) from right to left; the seeding guide rod (11) is positioned in a seeding guide rod cavity (1-3) of the seeding shell (1), the seeding guide rod (11) can slide left and right in a reciprocating manner in the seeding guide rod cavity (1-3), and the other end of the seeding guide rod (11) is fixedly provided with a translation frame (13); the translation frame (13) is assembled on an eccentric wheel (12), and the diameter of the eccentric wheel (12) is equal to the width of an inner frame of the translation frame (13); the eccentric wheel (12) is fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft (14) through a flat key; the rotating shaft (14) is arranged in a rotating shaft mounting hole (1-6) of the seeding shell (1) to perform rotary motion, and the other end of the rotating shaft (14) is fixedly provided with a driving chain wheel (15); two seeding nozzles (21) are respectively and fixedly arranged on the seeding guide rod (11); a flexible follow-up seed protection belt (22) is arranged in the middle position above the seed sowing guide rod (11), the flexible follow-up seed protection belt (22) is assembled on a seed protection belt shaft (8), and the seed protection belt shaft (8) is assembled in a belt shaft mounting hole (1-4) of the seed sowing shell (1) and can perform rotary motion; two seed picking brushes (20) are respectively arranged at two sides of the flexible follow-up seed protecting belt (22), the two seed picking brushes (20) are respectively and fixedly arranged on a driving brush shaft (10) and a driven brush shaft (6), two ends of the driving brush shaft (10) and the driven brush shaft (6) are assembled in two brush shaft mounting holes (1-2) of the seed sowing shell (1), and one end of the brush shaft is assembled in a hole of a square brush seat (5); the square brush seat (5) slides up and down along the slideway adjusting plate (7) through an adjusting bolt (4) so as to adjust the quantity of the picked seeds; a driving brush gear (18) and a driven chain wheel (17) are fixedly arranged at the other extending end of the driving brush shaft (10) respectively, and the driven chain wheel (17) is assembled with the driving chain wheel (15) through a chain (16) and can rotate; a driven brush gear (19) is fixedly arranged at the other extending end of the driven brush shaft (6), and the driven brush gear (19) is meshed with the driving brush gear (18); a seed tube (9) is fixedly arranged at the position of a seed tube mounting hole (1-5) at the lower part of the seed shell (1).