CN210694889U - Opposed swash plate high-speed pneumatic precision seed metering device for bud seeds - Google Patents

Opposed swash plate high-speed pneumatic precision seed metering device for bud seeds Download PDF

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Publication number
CN210694889U
CN210694889U CN201921234086.9U CN201921234086U CN210694889U CN 210694889 U CN210694889 U CN 210694889U CN 201921234086 U CN201921234086 U CN 201921234086U CN 210694889 U CN210694889 U CN 210694889U
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China
Prior art keywords
seed
box body
universal joint
suction disc
bud
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN201921234086.9U
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
夏俊芳
王镜朝
杨全军
周丽朗
陆程梅
李自拓
山弘道
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Huazhong Agricultural University
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Huazhong Agricultural University
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Abstract

The utility model discloses an opposed swash plate high-speed pneumatic bud seed precision seed sowing device, which comprises a box body, wherein an air chamber is arranged on the outer wall of an inclined wall surface, and a seed sucking plate corresponding to the air chamber is arranged on the inner wall of the inclined wall surface; seed cleaning sawteeth are arranged above the seed suction disc, a universal joint transmission device is arranged in the box body, the universal joint transmission device comprises a constant velocity universal joint and a transmission shaft arranged at the end part of the constant velocity universal joint, two ends of the constant velocity universal joint are arranged on the seed suction disc, and the transmission shaft penetrates through the seed suction disc and the box wall of the box body and extends out of the air chamber; a transmission chain wheel is arranged at the end part of a transmission shaft outside the box body, and a seed blocking baffle plate is arranged in the box body below the seed suction disc; seed falling holes are reserved between the inner walls of other side wall surfaces of the box body and the seed blocking partition plates. The utility model discloses simple structure, long service life, satisfy the seed metering requirement under the high-speed operating condition, have inhale kind of performance height, throw and unload kind of stability good, adaptability good, operating efficiency height, miss rate and breakage rate low, the advantage that the energy consumption is low.

Description

Opposed swash plate high-speed pneumatic precision seed metering device for bud seeds
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the field of agricultural machinery, concretely relates to high-speed pneumatic type bud kind smart volume seed metering ware of opposition sloping cam plate.
Background
At present, a great amount of labor force in rural areas is transferred to urban and rural areas, the labor force is seriously lost, the decentralized operation of rural areas is changed to large-scale operation, and the high-speed and high-efficiency operation seed sowing is an important research direction in the future. The seed sowing device is a core component of a direct sowing machine, the performance of the seed sowing device is directly related to the sowing quality and efficiency, and the seed sowing device plays an important role in the development of a rice direct sowing technology. Compared with a mechanical type, the pneumatic type seed sowing machine has the characteristics of good adaptability to the shape of seeds, low breakage rate, high operation quality, good seed sowing uniformity and the like.
The seed filling effect is not good when the working speed of the existing seed sowing device is improved, so that the serious seeding leakage phenomenon is caused, the seed filling performance can be improved by increasing the pressure to a certain degree, the seed flying phenomenon is reduced, but the re-sowing index is greatly increased, so that the waste of seeds is caused, and the planting agronomic requirements are influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide an opposed swash plate high-speed pneumatic bud seed precision seed sowing device, which is a pneumatic high-speed seed sowing device and adopts an opposed swash plate structure, and seed sowing plate holes are arranged in a staggered way at a certain angle, so that the seed sowing frequency is improved; the double-disk high-speed pneumatic bud precision seed sowing device has the advantages of simple structure, good stability, long service life, small volume, high operation efficiency, low miss-seeding rate, good seed feeding and discharging stability, low breakage rate, good shape adaptability to rice seeds, low operation cost and suitability for high-speed operation.
In order to realize the aim, the utility model designs an opposed swash plate high-speed pneumatic bud seed precision seed sowing device, which comprises a box body, wherein a feed pipe is arranged on the box body, and a seed guide pipe is arranged at the bottom of the box body; a pair of inclined wall surfaces which are symmetrical and obliquely arranged are arranged in the plurality of side wall surfaces of the box body, an air chamber is arranged on the outer wall of each inclined wall surface, and the air chamber is communicated with the box body; a seed suction disc corresponding to the air chamber is arranged on the inner wall of the inclined wall surface, and the seed suction disc rotates back and forth on the inner wall of the inclined wall surface; seed cleaning sawteeth are arranged above the seed suction disc, a universal joint transmission device is arranged in the box body and comprises a constant velocity universal joint and a transmission shaft arranged at the end part of the constant velocity universal joint, two ends of the constant velocity universal joint are arranged on the seed suction disc, and the transmission shaft penetrates through the seed suction disc and the box wall of the box body and extends out of the air chamber; a transmission chain wheel is arranged at the end part of a transmission shaft outside the box body (the transmission chain wheel is connected in the box body through a constant velocity universal joint to realize synchronous rotation of a left swash plate and a right swash plate), a seed blocking partition plate is arranged in the box body below the seed suction disc, and the seed blocking partition plate divides a box chamber of the box body into an upper seed filling chamber and a lower seed dropping chamber; seed falling holes are reserved between the inner walls of other side wall surfaces of the box body and the seed blocking partition plates.
Furthermore, radial seed disturbing strips are uniformly arranged on the disc surface of the seed sucking disc along the circumference by taking the transmission shaft as the circle center, radial seed sucking hole groups are arranged between the seed disturbing strips, and each seed sucking hole group comprises two bilaterally symmetrical seed sucking holes.
Still further, clear kind of sawtooth is including side by side and the interval sets up arc backplate and arc mounting panel, arc backplate and arc mounting panel pass through the bolt fastening, the slot that forms between arc backplate and the arc mounting panel, it inserts on the point clock direction of inhaling kind of a dish, arc backplate top and both sides all are provided with fixed screw, clear kind of sawtooth is fixed on the slope wall of box is inside through fixed screw, arc mounting panel bottom is provided with clear kind of board (clear kind of sawtooth is clear away unnecessary seed, guarantees that the seed number in every group type hole is at the grain, accords with precision seeding's requirement).
Still further, clear blank is the U template, clear blank both sides vertical board top is the arc.
Still further, be provided with protective housing 0 on the constant velocity joint surface (in order to prevent the damage of bud kind granule to the universal joint).
Still further, the seed stirring wheel is arranged on a transmission shaft on one side of the seed suction disc. (the seed stirring wheel rotates along with the seed sowing plate, so that the bud seeds obtain an initial speed, which is more beneficial to the adsorption of the bud seeds).
Still further, the included angle between the inclined wall surface and the bottom surface of the box body 1 is 15-30 degrees.
Still further, a seed cleaning brush is arranged between the inner wall of the symmetrical inclined wall surface of the box body and the seed blocking partition plate, and the top of the seed cleaning brush is in surface contact with the bottom of the seed sucking disc (the box chamber divided by the seed blocking partition plate is divided into two chambers, namely an upper seed filling chamber and a lower seed dropping chamber, and the seed cleaning brush is in surface contact with the seed sucking disc to brush off future and dropped seeds).
The principle of the utility model
1) The utility model discloses change vertical disc structure into to put the structure to one side, put the disc to one side and compare with vertical disc, smart volume seed metering ware improves the filling ability, and the former says, and it fills and mainly relies on the horizontal side pressure stress sigma between the kind3The realization is that the filling force is of a single type; the latter, in addition to the inter-seed lateral compressive stress σ3In the presence of a vertical compressive stress sigma1And gravity stress sigmaGThe component (b) increases the type of filling force, and the seed filling rate of the seed sowing device can be improved while the operation speed is increased (figure 9).
2) Because the bud seeds have characteristics, the surface of the bud seeds has burs, the friction force among the seed groups is large, and the spatial distribution of the bud seeds in a seed storage area is random, so that the fluidity is low during feeding (seed filling), the phenomena of poor seed filling performance and bud seed arching occur.
Under the high-speed operation, the miss-seeding rate of the seed sowing device is obviously improved, the seed filling process is a key link of the seed sowing device, the opposite swash plate structure is adopted, the problem of seed filling miss-filling is effectively solved, the filling force type is increased, and the possibility of the bud seed being adsorbed by the molded hole is greatly increased.
The utility model has the advantages that:
1. the utility model discloses change vertical disc structure into put the structure to one side, increase the kind of filling power, improve greatly and fill kind of performance, the chamber that fills of air chamber sharing about, reduce the seed metering ware volume, the sloping cam plate adopts the constant velocity universal joint structure to realize synchronous rotation, crisscross seed metering, its operation effect is equal to the double single dish of hole number, thereby improve the seed metering frequency, the key problem of the high-speed direct seeding of rice seed has been solved, it is good to inhale kind of performance, miss-seeding rate and breakage rate are low, improve greatly work efficiency, prevent to be too late to inhale kind or "flying kind" phenomenon because of coming at a high speed, can reduce the linear velocity when the seed is filled, guarantee pressure stability and fill kind, unload kind, prevent too late to inhale kind or "flying kind" phenomenon because of coming at a high speed, can reduce the linear velocity when the seed is filled, can satisfy the requirement of high-speed;
2. the utility model discloses a seed suction disc sharing throws kind of a mouth, and make full use of spatial arrangement realizes crisscross seed metering, can improve seed metering speed one time theoretically.
3. The utility model discloses in along with inhaling the seed dish pivoted together and stirring the wheel, obtain an initial velocity in advance, be favorable to the absorption in type hole.
4. The utility model discloses be provided with and separate kind of baffle, can separate the district of throwing kind on the seed suction disc and the district that fills kind, the brush on separating kind of baffle can also carry out the operation of scraping kind in succession to seed suction disc surface, scrapes the seed that will follow and drop on adhering to the kind of district of throwing kind of a suction hole, further reduces the rate of sowing without leaking, reduces the damage to the seed, guarantees that the seed throws out smoothly, also can conveniently dismantle the change.
5. The utility model discloses a crisscross even seed metering of opposition structure is realized to the constant velocity cardan joint structure, and two seed suction discs share same seed throwing pipe, accomplish the precision seeding requirement of single file.
To sum up, the utility model discloses simple structure, long service life, satisfy the seed metering requirement under the high-speed operating condition, have seed absorption performance height, throw unload kind stability good, adaptability good, the operating efficiency height, miss seeding rate and breakage rate low, the low advantage of energy consumption, the high-speed operating mode that specially adapted operating speed is greater than 8 km/h.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an opposed swash plate high-speed pneumatic bud seed precision seed metering device;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an assembly view of the seed sucking disc 5 and the seed cleaning saw teeth 6;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a seed cleaning serration;
FIG. 5 is a front view of the seed cleaning serration;
FIG. 6 is a top view of the seed clearing serration;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a seed chuck;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of an impeller wheel;
FIG. 9 is a graph showing a comparison of filling forces at two sets of seed suction holes;
FIG. 10 is a projection diagram of various regions of the seed chuck;
in the figure, a box body 1, a feeding pipe 2, a seed guide pipe 3, an air chamber 4, a negative pressure area 4.1, a negative pressure air port 4.2, a seed sucking disc 5, a seed disturbing strip 5.1, a seed sucking hole group 5.2, a seed sucking hole 5.21, seed cleaning sawteeth 6, an arc-shaped back plate 6.1, an arc-shaped mounting plate 6.2, a fixed screw hole 6.3, a seed cleaning plate 6.4, a universal joint transmission device 7, a constant velocity universal joint 7.1, a transmission shaft 7.2, a transmission chain wheel 8, a seed blocking baffle plate 9, a protective shell 10, a seed stirring wheel 11, a seed cleaning brush 12, a seed charging area I, a seed cleaning area II, a seed carrying area III and a seed falling area IV.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments for the understanding of those skilled in the art.
An opposed swash plate high-speed pneumatic bud seed precision seed metering device shown in figures 1-6 comprises a box body 1 in an inverted regular frustum shape, wherein a feed pipe 2 is arranged on the box body 1, and a seed guide pipe 3 is arranged at the bottom of the box body 1; a pair of inclined wall surfaces which are symmetrically and obliquely arranged on the box body 1, wherein the included angle between the inclined wall surfaces and the bottom surface of the box body 1 is 15-30 degrees; an air chamber 4 is arranged on the outer wall of the inclined wall surface, the air chamber 4 is communicated with the box body 1, and a negative pressure air receiving port 4.2 of the air chamber 4 is communicated with a fan;
the inner wall of the inclined wall surface is provided with a seed suction disc 5 corresponding to the air chamber 4, and the seed suction disc 5 rotates back and forth on the inner wall of the inclined wall surface; radial seed disturbing strips 5.1 are uniformly arranged on the disc surface of the seed suction disc 5 along the circumference by taking the transmission shaft 7.2 as the center of a circle, a radial seed suction hole group 5.2 is arranged between the seed disturbing strips 5.1, and the seed suction hole group 5.2 comprises two bilaterally symmetrical seed suction holes 5.21;
seed cleaning sawteeth 6 are arranged above the seed sucking disc 5, the seed cleaning sawteeth 6 comprise arc-shaped back plates 6.1 and arc-shaped mounting plates 6.2 which are arranged side by side at intervals, the arc-shaped back plates 6.1 and the arc-shaped mounting plates 6.2 are fixed through bolts, slots are formed between the arc-shaped back plates 6.1 and the arc-shaped mounting plates 6.2 and are inserted in the 11 o' clock direction of the seed sucking disc 5, fixing screw holes 6.3 are formed in the top end and two sides of each arc-shaped back plate 6.1, the seed cleaning sawteeth 6 are fixed on the inner portion of the inclined wall surface of the box body 1 through the fixing screw holes 6.3, and seed cleaning plates 6; the seed cleaning plate 6.4 is a U-shaped plate, and the top ends of the vertical plates at the two sides of the seed cleaning plate 6.4 are arc-shaped;
a universal joint transmission device 7 is arranged in the box body 1, the universal joint transmission device 7 comprises a constant velocity universal joint 7.1 and a transmission shaft 7.2 arranged at the end part of the constant velocity universal joint 7.1, and a protective shell 10 is arranged on the outer surface of the constant velocity universal joint 7.1; the stirring wheel 11 is arranged at the end part of the protective shell 10;
two ends of a constant velocity universal joint 7 are arranged on the seed suction disc 5, and a transmission shaft 7.2 penetrates through the seed suction disc 5 and the wall of the box body 1 and extends out of the air chamber 4; a transmission chain wheel 8 is arranged at the end part of a transmission shaft 7.2 outside the box body 1, a seed blocking partition plate 9 is arranged in the box body 1 below the seed suction disc 5, and the seed blocking partition plate 9 divides a box chamber of the box body 1 into an upper seed filling chamber and a lower seed dropping chamber; seed falling holes 9.1 are reserved between the inner walls of the other two side wall surfaces of the box body 1 and the seed blocking partition plates 9; a seed cleaning brush 12 is arranged between the inner wall of the symmetrical inclined wall surface of the box body 1 and the seed retaining clapboard 9, the top of the seed cleaning brush 12 is contacted with the bottom surface of the seed sucking disc 5
The working process of the opposed swash plate high-speed pneumatic bud seed precision seed metering device comprises the following steps:
1. firstly, rice seeds are placed in a seed box body 1, the seeds enter a seed filling chamber under the action of gravity, and rotate together with left and right seed suction discs 5 under the transmission of a constant velocity universal joint 7.1, so that static and stable bud seeds entering the seed filling chamber obtain an initial velocity, and a flowing seed layer is formed;
2. under the drive of the transmission mechanism, the transmission shaft 7.2 rotates, the seed suction discs 5 are driven to rotate through the constant velocity universal joint 7.1, the seed stirring wheel 11 also rotates along with the seed suction discs 5, the seeds form flowing seed layers under the disturbance of the seed stirring wheel, the two seed suction discs 5 are obliquely arranged, along with the rotation of the seed suction discs, seed suction holes rotate around the transmission shaft 7.2 as the circle center and sequentially enter the seed filling area I, and under the action of negative pressure, the disturbed seeds are adsorbed on the seed suction discs 5, so that the seeds are smoothly adsorbed on the seed suction holes 5.21, and the seed filling process is completed;
3. the seed sucking disc 5 adopts an opposite inclined disc structure, seed sucking holes 5.21 are arranged in a staggered mode, the seed sucking holes complete seed filling, then seed cleaning is completed by means of gravity and seed cleaning sawteeth, and the sprouts enter a seed cleaning area II along with the rotation of the disc; then the bud seeds are transferred to a seed carrying area III; when the seeds enter the seed feeding area IV, the buds are separated from the negative pressure effect of the negative pressure area 4.1, the seeds are sowed under the action of gravity and the seed cleaning brush 12, the left and right holes are arranged in a staggered mode, the seeds are sowed in sequence, the sowing frequency is theoretically doubled under the condition that the rotating speed of the transmission shaft is not changed at 7.2, meanwhile, the seed filling performance of the sowing is improved due to the inclined structure, and the sowing operation is finally completed.
Adopt above-mentioned structure the utility model discloses an operation effect is equal to the double single-disk of hole number, vertical disc structure of comparing has increased the type of filling power, improves the seed metering frequency, is greater than under 8 km/h's high-speed operating mode at the operating speed, also can produce even seed stream, realizes high-speed operation.
Other parts not described in detail are prior art. Although the above embodiments have been described in detail, it is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments, and other embodiments can be obtained without inventive step according to the present embodiments.

Claims (8)

1. An opposed swash plate high-speed pneumatic bud seed precision seed sowing device comprises a box body (1), wherein a feed pipe (2) is arranged on the box body (1), and a seed guide pipe (3) is arranged at the bottom of the box body (1); the method is characterized in that: a pair of inclined wall surfaces which are symmetrical and obliquely arranged are arranged in a plurality of side wall surfaces of the box body (1), an air chamber (4) is arranged on the outer wall of each inclined wall surface, and the air chamber (4) is communicated with the box body (1); a seed suction disc (5) corresponding to the air chamber (4) is arranged on the inner wall of the inclined wall surface, and the seed suction disc (5) rotates back and forth on the inner wall of the inclined wall surface; seed cleaning sawteeth (6) are arranged above the seed suction disc (5), a universal joint transmission device (7) is arranged in the box body (1), the universal joint transmission device (7) comprises a constant velocity universal joint (7.1) and a transmission shaft (7.2) arranged at the end part of the constant velocity universal joint (7.1), two ends of the constant velocity universal joint (7.1) are arranged on the seed suction disc (5), and the transmission shaft (7.2) penetrates through the seed suction disc (5) and the box wall of the box body (1) and extends out of the air chamber (4); a transmission chain wheel (8) is arranged at the end part of a transmission shaft (7.2) outside the box body (1), a seed blocking partition plate (9) is arranged in the box body (1) below the seed suction disc (5), and the seed blocking partition plate (9) divides a box chamber of the box body (1) into an upper seed filling chamber and a lower seed dropping chamber; a seed dropping hole (9.1) is reserved between the inner walls of other side wall surfaces of the box body (1) and the seed blocking partition plate (9).
2. The opposed swash plate high-speed pneumatic bud seed precision seed metering device of claim 1, which is characterized in that: radial seed disturbing strips (5.1) are uniformly arranged on the disc surface of the seed sucking disc (5) along the circumference by taking the transmission shaft (7.2) as the circle center, radial seed sucking hole groups (5.2) are arranged between the seed disturbing strips (5.1), and the seed sucking hole groups (5.2) are formed by two bilateral symmetry seed sucking holes (5.21).
3. The opposed swash plate high-speed pneumatic bud seed precision seed metering device of claim 2, which is characterized in that: clear kind of sawtooth (6) including side by side and the interval set up arc backplate (6.1) and arc mounting panel (6.2), arc backplate (6.1) and arc mounting panel (6.2) are through the bolt fastening, the slot that forms between arc backplate (6.1) and arc mounting panel (6.2), it is inserted on the 11 o' clock direction of inhaling kind of a dish (5), arc backplate (6.1) top and both sides all are provided with fixed screw (6.3), clear kind of sawtooth (6) are fixed on the slope wall of box (1) is inside through fixed screw (6.3), arc mounting panel (6.2) bottom is provided with clear kind of board (6.4).
4. The opposed swash plate high-speed pneumatic bud seed precision seed metering device of claim 3, which is characterized in that: the seed cleaning plate (6.4) is a U-shaped plate, and the top ends of the vertical plates at the two sides of the seed cleaning plate (6.4) are arc-shaped.
5. The opposed swash plate high-speed pneumatic bud seed precision seed metering device of claim 1, which is characterized in that: and a protective shell (10) is arranged on the outer surface of the constant velocity universal joint (7.1).
6. The opposed swash plate high-speed pneumatic bud seed precision seed metering device of claim 1, which is characterized in that: and a seed stirring wheel (11) is arranged on the transmission shaft (7.2) on one side of the seed suction disc (5).
7. The opposed swash plate high-speed pneumatic bud seed precision seed metering device of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the included angle between the inclined wall surface and the bottom surface of the box body (1) is 15-30 degrees.
8. The opposed swash plate high-speed pneumatic bud seed precision seed metering device of claim 1, which is characterized in that: a seed cleaning brush (12) is arranged between the inner wall of the symmetrical inclined wall surface of the box body (1) and the seed blocking partition plate (9), and the top of the seed cleaning brush (12) is in surface contact with the bottom of the seed suction disc (5).
CN201921234086.9U 2019-08-01 2019-08-01 Opposed swash plate high-speed pneumatic precision seed metering device for bud seeds Expired - Fee Related CN210694889U (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201921234086.9U CN210694889U (en) 2019-08-01 2019-08-01 Opposed swash plate high-speed pneumatic precision seed metering device for bud seeds

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201921234086.9U CN210694889U (en) 2019-08-01 2019-08-01 Opposed swash plate high-speed pneumatic precision seed metering device for bud seeds

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110393064A (en) * 2019-08-01 2019-11-01 华中农业大学 Opposed swash plate high speed Pneumatic type bud kind precise seeder
CN112385369A (en) * 2020-11-16 2021-02-23 温州大学 Combined type automatic seed sorting method and seed sorting device thereof

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110393064A (en) * 2019-08-01 2019-11-01 华中农业大学 Opposed swash plate high speed Pneumatic type bud kind precise seeder
CN112385369A (en) * 2020-11-16 2021-02-23 温州大学 Combined type automatic seed sorting method and seed sorting device thereof

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