CN216752689U - Saline-alkali soil improvement system - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a saline-alkali soil improvement system, which belongs to the technical field of saline-alkali soil treatment and comprises a saline-alkali soil layer and a desalination system, wherein the saline-alkali soil layer comprises a surface layer, a filter layer, a seepage guiding layer, a bearing layer and an underground layer which are arranged from top to bottom, a plurality of drainage pipes are embedded in the bearing layer at intervals side by side, water inlet holes are distributed in the peripheral wall of each drainage pipe, the seepage guiding layer comprises a quick seepage layer positioned above the drainage pipes and a slow seepage layer filled between the quick seepage layers, the quick seepage layers are arranged along the length direction of the drainage pipes, and the ends of the drainage pipes are communicated with the desalination system through water guide pipes. The seepage rate that oozes the layer fast in the layer and ooze the layer slowly is different, makes the infiltration water concentrate to oozing layer department and flow fast to the infiltration water causes drain pipe department down, improves the drain pipe and to the rate of recovery of infiltration water down, has solved the problem that the water between people's drain pipe is difficult to be retrieved always puzzled.

Description

Saline-alkali soil improvement system

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of saline-alkali soil treatment, in particular to a saline-alkali soil improvement system.

Background

Saline-alkali soil is a kind of accumulated salt, which means that the normal growth of crops is influenced by the salt contained in the soil, and plants in severe saline-alkali soil regions can hardly survive. The drought climate, the high evaporation intensity of surface soil and the high content of soluble salts in the groundwater are the main causes of the saline-alkali soil, the groundwater level is higher than the critical depth, the upward movement of capillary water and the strong evaporation of the soil finally enable the salt in the soil water to be accumulated on the surface of the soil to form the saline-alkali soil. At present, for the improvement of saline-alkali soil, the key point is to improve the moisture condition of soil, and the improvement is generally carried out by a plurality of steps, namely, firstly, salt is drained, the salt is irrigated and washed, silt is discharged for improvement, and the salt content of the soil is reduced; planting saline-alkali tolerant plants, and fertilizing soil; and finally planting crops.

A lot of saline and alkaline land improvement systems have been promoted gradually in recent years, just disclose a saline and alkaline land improvement system like the utility model of patent number "201720891449.0", include by lower supreme salt separating layer, sodium ion absorbed layer, organic fertilizer bed of material and the surface soil layer that sets gradually, still be equipped with the salt elimination pipe that runs through salt separating layer, sodium ion absorbed layer, organic fertilizer bed of material and surface soil layer, be equipped with a plurality of water inlets along the axial on the salt elimination pipe. By utilizing the salt discharge pipe, the infiltration water containing salt water can be discharged after the surface layer is irrigated, and the infiltration water is reused for irrigation after desalination treatment, thereby reducing the salt content of the soil for a long time. And in order to improve drainage effect and infiltration recovery effect, the utility model patent of patent number "201922260033.0" discloses a saline and alkaline land improvement system, including top-down's improvement soil layer, infiltration rete, filter layer, saline and alkaline stratum, the supporting layer has been laid to the inside in saline and alkaline stratum, and a plurality of infiltration pipes side by side have been laid to the inside in supporting layer, improve the area of infiltration under the recovery to the rate of recovery of infiltration improves down. However, although the parallel permeation tubes increase the recovery area of the downward permeation water, in order to ensure that the permeation tubes are not crushed, pebbles are required to be filled between the permeation tubes to support the upper and lower saline-alkali strata, so as to avoid crushing the permeation tubes, and thus a certain distance must be reserved between the permeation tubes, and the downward permeation water is easy to directly permeate into underground water through the distance between the permeation tubes, so that the downward permeation water recovery rate is difficult to increase.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to solve the technical problems and provides a saline-alkali soil improvement system which is characterized in that the water seepage rates of a fast seepage layer and a slow seepage layer in a seepage guiding layer are different, so that the downward seepage water flows to the fast seepage layer in a centralized manner, the downward seepage water is guided to a drainage pipe, and the recovery rate of the downward seepage water by the drainage pipe is improved.

In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model provides the following scheme: the utility model discloses a saline and alkaline land improvement system, including saline and alkaline stratum and desalination system, the saline and alkaline stratum includes top-down set up the top ground layer, filter layer, draws and oozes layer, bearing layer and sublayer, a plurality of drain pipes have been laid in the bearing layer side by side interval, the inlet opening has been laid to the perisporium of drain pipe, draw and ooze the layer including being located the fast layer, the packing of oozing of drain pipe top are in ooze the layer slowly between the layer fast, ooze the layer soon and follow drain pipe length direction sets up, the end of drain pipe pass through the aqueduct with desalination system intercommunication.

Preferably, the cross section of the slow permeation layer is trapezoidal, and the cross section of the fast permeation layer is inverted trapezoidal.

Preferably, the slow infiltration layer is filled with fine pebbles, and the fast infiltration layer is filled with coarse pebbles.

Preferably, one end of the drain pipe, which is communicated with the water guide pipe, is obliquely and downwards embedded in the bearing layer.

Preferably, the bearing layer is filled with pebbles.

Preferably, the drain pipes are located in coarse pebbles, and the pebbles between adjacent drain pipes are fine pebbles.

Preferably, the desalination system comprises an acidification treatment tank and a methane tank which are communicated in sequence, and the acidification treatment tank is communicated with the water guide pipe.

Preferably, a plurality of spray pipes are laid on the surface layer side by side, and the ends of the spray pipes are communicated with the methane tank through water suction pipes and water suction pumps.

Preferably, alkali-resistant plants are planted on the surface layer, and an organic fertilizer layer is arranged between the surface layer and the filter layer.

Preferably, a salt isolation layer is arranged between the supporting layer and the underground layer.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following technical effects:

1. in the saline-alkali soil improvement system, the filter layer can filter silt and broken stone of the downward seepage water, so that a water inlet hole of a drain pipe is prevented from being blocked, the seepage rate of a quick seepage layer and a slow seepage layer in a seepage guiding layer is different, the downward seepage water can flow to the quick seepage layer in a centralized manner, the downward seepage water is guided to the drain pipe, the recovery rate of the downward seepage water by the drain pipe is improved, the problem that the water between the drain pipes which is always headache in the traditional saline-alkali soil improvement system is difficult to recover is solved, and meanwhile, the water recovered into the drain pipe can be reused for irrigation or other purposes after being treated by a desalination system through the water guide pipe, so that the water is recycled, and resources are saved; meanwhile, when rainfall is heavy in summer and the drainage pipe cannot meet drainage requirements, the downward seepage water can still be directly drained into the underground layer through the slow seepage layer without worrying about the problem that drainage cannot be performed in time.

2. In the saline-alkali soil improvement system, the sections of the slow seepage layers are trapezoidal, and the sections of the fast seepage layers are inverted trapezoidal, so that a funnel-like water diversion port is formed between the slow seepage layers, the downward seepage water is better guided to a drainage pipe in a centralized manner, and the downward seepage water recovery rate is improved.

3. The desalting system comprises an acidification treatment tank and a methane tank which are sequentially communicated, and under the step-by-step treatment of the acidification treatment tank and the methane tank, saline-alkali water can be thoroughly purified, so that the safety standard is reached, and the deepening of the salinization of the surface layer due to incomplete treatment is avoided.

4. The alkali-resistant plants are planted on the surface layer of the soil, so that the salt and alkali degree of the surface layer can be improved, and the soil is solidified and the soil erosion and water loss are prevented; the organic fertilizer layer can effectively neutralize the alkalinity of the saline-alkali soil, provide enough nutrition for the growth of plants and ensure the normal growth of alkali-resistant plants.

5. The salt separation layer between the bearing layer and the underground layer can effectively prevent the reverse salt of underground water, particularly in seaside areas, the surging of the underground water is frequent, and the arrangement of the salt separation layer ensures that the system can adapt to the characteristics of coastal areas besides arid areas and semiarid areas.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a saline-alkali soil improvement system;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a bleed-through layer and a support layer;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of another infiltration guiding layer and a supporting layer;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a drain pipe and a water introduction pipe.

Description of reference numerals: 1. alkali-resistant plants; 2. a surface layer; 3. an organic fertilizer layer; 4. a filter layer; 5. a permeation guiding layer; 6. a support layer; 7. a salt-separating layer; 8. an underground layer; 9. a drain pipe; 10. a water conduit; 11. an acidification treatment tank; 12. a biogas generating pit; 13. a water pumping pipe; 14. a water pump; 15. a shower pipe; 16. a fast-permeability layer; 17. a slow-permeation layer; 18. a slow infiltration section; 19. a drainage section; 2. a delivery pump.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The embodiment provides a saline-alkali soil improvement system, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, comprising a saline-alkali stratum and a desalination system, wherein the saline-alkali stratum comprises a surface layer 2, a filtering layer 4, a permeability guiding layer 5, a supporting layer 6 and an underground layer 8 which are arranged from top to bottom; a plurality of water discharge pipes 9 (the arrangement mode is shown in figure 4) are embedded in the bearing layer 6 at intervals side by side, and water inlet holes are distributed in the peripheral wall of each water discharge pipe 9; the seepage guiding layer 5 comprises a quick seepage layer 16 and a slow seepage layer 17, the quick seepage layer 16 is formed by laying along the length direction of the drain pipe 9 and is just positioned above the drain pipe 9, and the slow seepage layer 17 is filled between two adjacent quick seepage layers 16; the end of the water discharge pipe 9 communicates with the desalination system through a water guide pipe 10. The filter layer 4 is mainly used for filtering silt and fine broken stone, avoiding blocking the water inlet hole of the drain pipe 9, and thick geotextile can be adopted. The water permeability of the fast permeation layer 16 is different from that of the slow permeation layer 17, the fast permeation layer 16 is mainly filled with materials with coarse grain size, and the slow permeation layer 17 is filled with materials with fine grain size.

When the surface layer 2 is irrigated or rains, surface water with water-soluble salt seeps downwards, and the filter layer 4 filters silt and the like in the surface water to prevent the silt from blocking a water inlet on the drain pipe 9; after surface water continuously seeps into the seepage guiding layer 5, because the seepage rates of the slow seepage layer 17 and the fast seepage layer 16 are different, the seepage speed of the water at the fast seepage layer 16 is higher, so that the water at the slow seepage layer 17 is guided to flow to the fast seepage layer 16, most of the seepage water flows to the lower drainage pipe 9 from the fast seepage layer 16, and then is intensively drained into the drainage pipe 9, and the water recovery rate of the drainage pipe 9 is improved; the water is then drained and directed from the conduit 10 into a desalination system for desalination, and the desalinated water can be reused for irrigation or other purposes. When rainfall is heavy in summer and the drainage pipe 9 for the infiltration water cannot meet the drainage requirement, the infiltration water can directly flow into the underground layer 8 through the bearing layer 6 between the slow infiltration layer 17 and the drainage pipe 9.

In this embodiment, referring to fig. 2 and 3, the section of the slow seepage layer 17 is trapezoidal, and the section of the fast seepage layer 16 is inverted trapezoidal, so as to form a funnel-shaped water diversion port, and the drain pipe 9 is located right below the water diversion port, so as to sufficiently guide the downward seepage water to the drain pipe 9, and improve the recovery rate of the downward seepage water.

Further, in the present embodiment, referring to fig. 2 and 3, the slow infiltration layer 17 is filled with fine pebbles, and the fast infiltration layer 16 is filled with coarse pebbles. The coarse pebbles have a larger particle size than the fine pebbles, resulting in different infiltration rates of water, thereby guiding the infiltration water to flow to the coarse pebbles. The slow-permeability layer 17 is laid first, and then the fast-permeability layer 16 is filled.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, one end of the drainage pipe 9 communicating with the water guide pipe 10 is embedded in the supporting layer 6 obliquely downward, and water can be effectively drained into the water guide pipe 10 by using the gravity of water, and then drained into the desalination system. A filter screen can be arranged at the water outlet of the water guide pipe 10 to intercept silt, broken stone and the like.

Further, referring to fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the supporting layer 6 is filled with pebbles, which can play a role of fixing and supporting the drain pipe 9, and at the same time, avoid the infiltration layer 5 from crushing the drain pipe 9.

Further, referring to fig. 3, in the present embodiment, the supporting layer 6 is filled with pebbles with different particle diameters, the drainage pipe 9 is located with coarse pebbles to form a drainage section 19 mainly used for drainage, and the pebbles between the two drainage pipes 9 are fine pebbles to form a slow seepage section 18. Because the particle diameter is different, and the infiltration rate is different, therefore when the infiltration reaches bearing layer 6, water can be preferred to flow to drainage section 19 department, and the water that oozes section 18 slowly also can ooze to drainage section 19 department to further improve the infiltration rate of recovery of drain pipe 9.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the desalination system includes an acidification tank 11 and a methane tank 12, a water outlet of the water conduit 10 extends into the acidification tank 11, the acidification tank 11 is communicated with the methane tank 12 through a delivery pump 20 and a pipeline, and the methane tank 12 is completely sealed. The acidizing tank 11 is provided with desulfurized gypsum, after the infiltration water flows into the acidizing tank 11 through the aqueduct 10, the desulfurized gypsum can remove harmful substances in the infiltration water, the main component of the desulfurized gypsum is calcium sulfate, which can make calcium ions replace sodium ions and remove alkalinity in the infiltration water, when the infiltration water in the acidizing tank 11 reaches a certain safety standard, the delivery pump 20 is started to send the treated water into the methane tank 12, and the water entering the methane tank 12 can be fermented until the harmful substances are removed and reach the safety standard.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, a plurality of spray pipes 15 are laid side by side on the surface layer 2, the ends of the spray pipes 15 are communicated with the methane tank 12 through water pumping pipes 13, water pumping pumps 14 are arranged on the water pumping pipes 13, clean water treated in the methane tank 12 can be pumped out through the water pumping pumps 14, and then the clean water is sent to the spray pipes 15 to irrigate the surface layer 2.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, alkali-resistant plants 1 are planted on the surface layer 2 to play a role in soil stabilization and saline-alkali soil improvement. An organic fertilizer layer 3 is arranged between the surface layer 2 and the filter layer 4. The organic fertilizer layer 3 adopts acid fertilizer, and the acid fertilizer is neutralized with alkaline water to reduce the saline-alkali property of the soil, provide enough fertilizer, ensure the balanced nutrition of the plants, promote the root development and be beneficial to improving the survival rate of the vegetation.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, a salt-separating layer 7 is provided between the supporting layer 6 and the underground layer 8. The salt-isolating layer 7 can prevent salt return when the groundwater gushes. The salt isolation layer 7 can be formed by mixing chimney gypsum, phosphogypsum, sodium ion adsorbent, calcium superphosphate and the like with raw soil.

The principle and the implementation mode of the utility model are explained by applying a specific example, and the description of the embodiment is only used for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the utility model; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the utility model.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a saline and alkaline land improvement system, its characterized in that, includes saline and alkaline stratum and desalination system, saline and alkaline stratum includes top-down set up the top ground layer, filter layer, draws and oozes layer, bearing layer and sublayer, a plurality of drain pipes have been laid to the perisporium of drain pipe side by side interval in the bearing layer, draw and ooze the layer including being located the fast layer, the packing of oozing of drain pipe top are in ooze the layer slowly between the layer fast, ooze the layer soon and follow drain pipe length direction sets up, the end of drain pipe pass through the aqueduct with desalination system intercommunication.

2. The saline-alkali soil improvement system according to claim 1, wherein the section of the slow seepage layer is trapezoidal, and the section of the fast seepage layer is inverted trapezoidal.

3. The saline-alkali soil improvement system according to claim 2, wherein the slow infiltration layer is filled with fine pebbles, and the fast infiltration layer is filled with coarse pebbles.

4. The saline-alkali soil improvement system according to claim 3, wherein one end of the drainage pipe, which is communicated with the water guide pipe, is buried in the bearing layer in an inclined and downward manner.

5. The saline-alkali soil improvement system according to claim 4, wherein the supporting layer is filled with pebbles.

6. The saline-alkali soil improvement system according to claim 5, wherein the drainage pipes are located in coarse pebbles, and the pebbles between adjacent drainage pipes are fine pebbles.

7. The saline-alkali soil improvement system according to claim 1, wherein the desalination system comprises an acidification tank and a methane tank which are communicated in sequence, and the acidification tank is communicated with the water conduit.

8. The saline-alkali soil improvement system according to claim 7, wherein a plurality of spray pipes are laid on the surface layer side by side, and the ends of the spray pipes are communicated with the methane tank through water pumping pipes and water pumping pumps.

9. The system of claim 8, wherein said surface layer is planted with alkali-resistant plants, and an organic fertilizer layer is disposed between said surface layer and said filter layer.

10. The system of claim 1, wherein a salt-separating layer is disposed between the supporting layer and the underground layer.

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