CN216653472U

CN216653472U - Extrusion continuous feeding supercritical CO2Extraction kettle

Info

Publication number: CN216653472U
Application number: CN202220108201.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张永太; 张毅
Original assignee: Shanghai Yonghong Electromechanical Equipment Co ltd
Current assignee: Shanghai Yonghong Electromechanical Equipment Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-01-17
Filing date: 2022-01-17
Publication date: 2022-06-03
Anticipated expiration: 2032-01-17

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of material extraction, and particularly relates to supercritical CO for extrusion continuous feeding₂The extraction kettle comprises an extraction kettle, a forced extrusion feeder arranged at the top of the extraction kettle, and an extrusion discharging component arranged at the bottom of the extraction kettle, wherein a stirring component is arranged at the center of the bottom of the extraction kettle, and comprises a stirring shaft and a sleeveStirring blades outside the stirring shaft, wherein the stirring shaft is driven by a motor to rotate, and supercritical CO is arranged at the bottom of the extraction kettle₂The extraction kettle comprises a fluid inlet, a feed inlet at the center of the top of the extraction kettle is communicated with a premixer, the top of the premixer is provided with an extraction mixed fluid outlet, and the extraction mixed fluid outlet is communicated with an inlet of a separation and recovery system.

Description

Extrusion continuous feeding supercritical CO2Extraction kettle

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of oil extraction, and particularly relates to supercritical CO for extrusion continuous feeding₂And (4) an extraction kettle.

Background

The common material extraction processes mainly comprise a squeezing method, a solvent extraction method, an aqueous enzymatic method and a subcritical/supercritical extraction method. The extraction yield of the traditional cold pressing method is too low. The residual solvent in the finished product by the solvent extraction method cannot be completely recovered, the quality of the finished product is reduced by the residual solvent, and the finished product is harmful to human health after being eaten frequently. The aqueous enzymatic method has high comprehensive cost due to high price of enzyme preparations. The subcritical/supercritical fluid extraction technology is a natural product extraction and separation technology emerging in recent years, the pressure of the subcritical fluid extraction process is lower than that of the supercritical process, but the selectivity of the subcritical/supercritical fluid extraction process is not as high as that of the supercritical process. Supercritical fluid extraction can be realized by adjusting the temperature and pressure of an extractor, so that an extracting agent in the extractor is in a supercritical state, extracted components in materials flowing through the extractor are dissolved and diffused into the extracting agent in the supercritical state and are brought into a separator, the temperature and pressure of the separator are adjusted, the extracting agent is finally converted from the supercritical state into a gas state to flow away, and a liquid extract is settled and aggregated in the separator, so that the aim of extracting and separating effective components is fulfilled₂The loss of (c).

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to provide an extrusion continuous feeding supercritical CO₂The extraction kettle can realize continuous feeding extraction separation of oil, fatty acid, water, light fraction and other components in compressible materials such as soybean, peanut, sesame and other materials through the extraction of the device, and the subsequent extraction materials are convenient for use due to the fact that supercritical carbon dioxide is adopted as an extracting agent in the whole processThe separation, and the forced extrusion feeder of this application can guarantee to form the material at the in-process of feeding and seal, guarantee the pressure stability in the extraction cauldron, extraction process high efficiency goes on.

In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model adopts the technical scheme that:

extrusion continuous feeding supercritical CO₂The extraction cauldron, including the extraction cauldron, set up in the forced extrusion feeder at extraction cauldron top to and be located the forced extrusion ejection of compact subassembly of extraction cauldron bottom, extraction cauldron bottom center is equipped with the stirring subassembly, the stirring subassembly includes that the (mixing) shaft and cover locate the outer stirring vane of (mixing) shaft, the (mixing) shaft is rotatory by motor drive, extraction cauldron bottom is equipped with supercritical CO₂The inlet, the feed inlet at extraction cauldron top center is linked together with the premixer, and the premixer top is equipped with the extraction and mixes the mouth, and the extraction mixes mouth and separation recovery system inlet UNICOM, and the extraction cauldron of this kind of form can guarantee to extract the continuous going on of process, and the compulsory feeding form guarantees to form the material and seals, guarantees that the pressure in the extraction cauldron is normal.

Furthermore, the discharge port of the extrusion feeder is communicated with the feed port of the premixer, and the extrusion feeder comprises a horizontal feed mechanism, a vertical feed mechanism and a multi-stage compression mechanism; the inside extrusion screw assembly that is equipped with of multistage compression mechanism and forms the casing or the press cage of different cavitys with the extrusion screw assembly, the extrusion screw assembly includes the extrusion screw of multistage variable pitch, the casing front end is equipped with the pressure-bearing drum, the extrusion screw assembly end still is equipped with supports the material pressure head, supports the annular discharge ring that the material pressure head formed the extrusion material with the terminal drum of casing, supports through threaded connection between material pressure head and the screw assembly, supports the material pressure head through the rotation, changes the size of discharge ring, and the pressure of adjustment discharge gate (or make to support the material pressure head through hydraulic pressure and prolong screw assembly endwise slip, change the size of discharge ring, the pressure of adjustment discharge gate).

Further, extraction cauldron material outlet links to each other with the buffer tank import, and the buffer tank export links to each other with extruding the glassware, extrudes glassware export and pressure release jar UNICOM, and the material discharge is collected to the pressure release jar export.

Furthermore, a pre-squeezed liquid outlet is further formed in the extrusion feeder, and a hydraulic plugging assembly is further arranged on the premixer.

Further, the extruding feeder comprises a buffer tank, a material collecting mechanism and a multi-stage compression mechanism; the inside extrusion screw assembly that is equipped with of multistage compression mechanism and forms the casing of different cavitys with the extrusion screw assembly, the extrusion screw assembly includes the extrusion screw of multistage variable pitch, casing front end inlayer is the pressure-bearing drum, the screw assembly end still is equipped with supports the material pressure head, supports the material pressure head and forms extrusion material annular discharge ring with the terminal drum of casing, supports through threaded connection between material pressure head and the screw assembly, supports the material pressure head through the rotation, changes the size of discharge ring, and the pressure of adjustment discharge gate (or make to support the material pressure head through hydraulic pressure and prolong screw assembly axial slip, change the size of discharge ring, the pressure of adjustment discharge gate).

The utility model has the advantages that:

1. the raw materials of the utility model adopt a forced feeding form, which not only ensures the working pressure in the extraction reactor, but also utilizes the principles of a bulking machine and an oil press to pre-squeeze and collect the oil in the materials by forced feeding, thereby reducing the working pressure of subsequent countercurrent extraction;

2. the extrusion screw of the extrusion screw assembly is a multi-stage variable-pitch extrusion screw, the pitch of the extrusion screw is gradually reduced from the front end to the tail end along the shaft core, the front end of the extrusion screw is also provided with a pressure-bearing cylinder, the tail end of the screw assembly is also provided with a material-resisting pressure head, the material-resisting pressure head and the tail end cylinder of the shell form an annular material discharging ring for extruding materials, the material-resisting pressure head is connected with the screw assembly through threads, the size of the material discharging ring is changed by rotating the material-resisting pressure head, and the pressure of a material discharging port is adjusted (or the material-resisting pressure head slides along the axial direction of the screw assembly through hydraulic pressure, the size of the material discharging ring is changed, and the pressure of the material discharging port is adjusted);

3. the supercritical CO provided by the utility model₂The extraction process can realize continuous feeding, breaks through the defect of low yield caused by the conventional intermittent feeding, is suitable for a plurality of raw materials, and has wide application.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the construction of the extrusion screw assembly of the present invention.

Detailed Description

Examples

As shown, an extruded continuous feed supercritical CO₂The extraction cauldron, including extraction cauldron 4, set up in the forced extrusion feeder 1 at extraction cauldron 4 top to and be located the forced extrusion ejection of compact subassembly 6 of extraction cauldron bottom, extraction cauldron 4 bottom center is equipped with stirring assembly 8, stirring assembly includes that the (mixing) shaft and cover locate the outer stirring vane of (mixing) shaft, the (mixing) shaft is rotatory by motor drive, extraction cauldron 4 bottom is equipped with supercritical CO₂The import, the feed inlet at extraction cauldron top center is linked together with premixer 3, and premixer 3 top is equipped with the extraction and mixes the mouth, and the extraction mixes mouth and separation recovery system inlet UNICOM, and the extraction cauldron of this kind of form can guarantee going on in succession of extraction process, and the compulsory feeding form is guaranteed to form the material and is sealed, ensures that the pressure in the extraction cauldron is normal. The discharge port of the extrusion feeder 1 is communicated with the feed port of the premixer 3, and the extrusion feeder 1 comprises a horizontal feed mechanism 11, a vertical feed mechanism 12 and a multi-stage compression mechanism; the multi-stage compression mechanism is internally provided with an extrusion screw assembly 9 and a shell or a pressing cage which forms different cavities with the extrusion screw assembly, the extrusion screw assembly 9 comprises a multi-stage variable-pitch extrusion screw 91 and a central shaft, the front end of the shell is provided with a pressure-bearing cylinder, the tail end of the extrusion screw assembly is also provided with a material pushing pressure head 92, the material pushing pressure head and a cylinder at the tail end of the shell form an annular material discharging ring for extruding materials, the material pushing pressure head is connected with the screw assembly through threads, the size of the discharging ring is changed by rotating the material supporting pressure head, the pressure of the discharging port is adjusted (or the material supporting pressure head slides along the axial direction of the spiral assembly by hydraulic pressure, the size of the discharging ring is changed, the pressure of the discharging port is adjusted), the screw pitch is gradually reduced, thereby ensuring smooth feeding, meanwhile, the gradual increase of the material sealing pressure is ensured, the extraction pressure in the extractor can be approached, and the stable operation of the extraction process is ensured; the material outlet of the extraction kettle 4 is connected with the inlet of the buffer tank, and the outlet of the buffer tank 5 is connected with the extrusion dischargeThe extruder 6 is connected, an outlet of the extruder 6 is communicated with a pressure relief tank 7, an outlet of the pressure relief tank 7 discharges and collects materials, a pre-squeezed liquid outlet 2 is further arranged on the extruder feeder 1, a hydraulic plugging component is further arranged on the premixer 3, and the extruder discharger comprises a material collecting mechanism and a multistage compression mechanism; the inside extrusion screw assembly 9 that is equipped with of multistage compression mechanism and forms the casing of different cavitys with the extrusion screw assembly, extrusion screw assembly 9 includes multistage variable pitch's extrusion screw 91, the casing front end inlayer is the pressure-bearing drum, the screw assembly end still is equipped with supports material pressure head 92, supports to expect that the pressure head forms extrusion material annular discharging ring with the terminal drum of casing, supports through threaded connection between material pressure head and the screw assembly, supports through rotatory material pressure head, changes discharging ring's size, and the pressure of adjustment discharge gate (or make through hydraulic pressure support the material pressure head and prolong screw assembly endwise slip, change discharging ring's size, the pressure of adjustment discharge gate).

In particular, the method for using the soybean flakes is exemplified by continuous extraction to obtain low-temperature soybean meal and high-quality soybean oil.

1. Non-transgenic soybeans are subjected to fine cleaning, color selection, crushing, peeling, embryo rolling and uniform feeding after temperature adjustment to 50-60 ℃, the uniform feeding enters a variable-pitch multistage extrusion feeder, the required pressure is reached under the action of a material supporting pressure head at the head of the extrusion feeder, the soybean embryos are compressed, partial soybean oil is extruded at the front end, the effect of material sealing and high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide fluid separation is achieved at a discharge port, in order to reduce the abrasion of the material supporting pressure head and a discharge outer ring and prevent protein denaturation caused by temperature rise of the soybean embryos due to friction, a small amount of water is added at the front end of the discharge of an extruder, the extruded soybean embryos enter a supercritical fluid premixer for premixing, then enter an extraction kettle, and the materials are subjected to countercurrent mixing, dissolution and extraction with supercritical carbon dioxide with the adjusted temperature of 55-65 ℃ and the pressure of 25-30 MPa from top to bottom in the extraction kettle, the solvent ratio of extraction is generally 1: 2-4, and the extraction time is 50-150 minutes; according to the yield of processed soybean embryo, the extractors can be connected in series by more stages (multiple stages), wet soybean meal subjected to multistage countercurrent extraction with supercritical fluid enters the buffer tank from the lower part of the last stage (stage), and the wet soybean meal falls downTo the buffer tank, the wet dregs of beans that the spiral dregs of beans collection device of area mesh of design in the buffer tank collected gets into the glassware that extrudes that links to each other, one section is through the extrusion soybean oil in the middle of the material and the fluid mixture of carbon dioxide- -thin miscella in the middle of the material in its front, extrude away through the orifice plate in the middle of the material, multistage extrusion through the back end discharge end supports under the effect of material pressure head formation pressure, play the material seal and cut off the effect of high-pressure fluid, extrusion device releases the dregs of beans jar to the pressure release jar, make remaining carbon dioxide and dregs of beans separate in the pressure release jar, the packing of the low temperature dregs of beans that obtain is as the product. Prepared supercritical CO₂And (3) the soybean embryos enter an extraction kettle, countercurrent extraction is carried out on the soybean embryos, the concentration of soybean oil in the fluid is gradually increased from bottom to top, and the supercritical fluid with high-concentration soybean mixed oil is separated by multiple times of pressure reduction and then is respectively recovered.

Claims

1. Extrusion continuous feeding supercritical CO₂The extraction cauldron, its characterized in that: including the extraction cauldron, set up in the forced extrusion feeder at extraction cauldron top to and be located the forced extrusion ejection of compact subassembly of extraction cauldron bottom, extraction cauldron bottom center is equipped with the stirring subassembly, the stirring subassembly includes that the (mixing) shaft and cover locate the outer stirring vane of (mixing) shaft, the (mixing) shaft is rotatory by motor drive, extraction cauldron bottom is equipped with supercritical CO₂And the inlet, a feed inlet in the center of the top of the extraction kettle is communicated with the premixer, the top of the premixer is provided with an extraction mixing port, and the extraction mixing port is communicated with the inlet of the separation and recovery system.

2. Extrusion continuous feed supercritical CO according to claim 1₂The extraction cauldron, its characterized in that: the discharge port of the extrusion feeder is communicated with the feed port of the premixer, and the extrusion feeder comprises a horizontal feed mechanism, a vertical feed mechanism and a multi-stage compression mechanism; an extrusion screw assembly and a shell or a pressing cage which forms different cavities with the extrusion screw assembly are arranged in the multistage compression mechanism, the extrusion screw assembly comprises a multistage variable-pitch extrusion screw, the front end of the shell is provided with a pressure-bearing cylinder, the tail end of the extrusion screw assembly is also provided with a material-supporting pressure head,the material supporting pressure head and the tail end cylinder of the shell form an annular material discharging ring for extruding materials, and the material supporting pressure head is connected with the spiral assembly through threads.

3. Extrusion continuous feed supercritical CO according to claim 2₂The extraction cauldron, its characterized in that: extraction cauldron material export links to each other with the buffer tank import, and the buffer tank export links to each other with extruding the glassware, extrudes glassware export and pressure release jar UNICOM, and the material discharge is collected to the pressure release jar export.

4. Extrusion continuous feed supercritical CO according to claim 3₂The extraction cauldron, its characterized in that: the extrusion feeder is also provided with a pre-squeezing liquid outlet, and the premixer is also provided with a hydraulic plugging component.

5. Extrusion continuous feed supercritical CO according to claim 4₂The extraction cauldron, its characterized in that: the extruding feeder comprises a buffer tank, a material collecting mechanism and a multi-stage compression mechanism; the multistage compression mechanism is inside to be equipped with extrusion screw assembly and forms the casing of different cavitys with extrusion screw assembly, extrusion screw assembly includes the extrusion screw of multistage variable pitch, casing front end inlayer is the pressure-bearing drum, the screw assembly end still is equipped with supports the material pressure head, supports the material pressure head and forms extrusion material annular discharge ring with the terminal drum of casing, supports through threaded connection between material pressure head and the screw assembly.