CN216600966U

CN216600966U - Plant fiber blanket for repairing photosta

Info

Publication number: CN216600966U
Application number: CN202122100827.8U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王朝晖; 丁玲; 季遥; 李松; 李瑶; 魏伟; 张蒙生; 骆蓓菁
Original assignee: Shanghai Investigation Design and Research Institute Co Ltd SIDRI
Current assignee: China Three Gorges Corp; Shanghai Investigation Design and Research Institute Co Ltd SIDRI
Priority date: 2021-09-01
Filing date: 2021-09-01
Publication date: 2022-05-27
Anticipated expiration: 2031-09-01

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the new technical field of ocean engineering and water environmental engineering, and relates to a plant fiber blanket for repairing a beach, which has the technical scheme that: the plant fiber blanket comprises a framework grid and a planting net block; the planting net blocks are embedded in the skeleton grids and fixed; the framework grid comprises a main rope and a moso bamboo disc; a plurality of main cables are fixed in a criss-cross mode to form a net shape, and a net shape is formed; the moso bamboo disc is a semicircular moso bamboo with a downward concave surface and is connected in series on the main rope in the same posture; the planting net blocks are filled with planting soil. The plant fiber blanket for repairing the beach can be used for planting aquatic plants and constructing a planar fish reef. It is similar to the software row, can protect the beach face, can provide the bed for aquatic plant again, provides the guarantee for seed germination growth. The components of the utility model are standard components and have universality, so that the utility model can be subjected to standardized design, industrialized production and assembly type construction; simple structure, safety and reliability.

Description

Plant fiber blanket for repairing photosta

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a novel technology of ocean engineering and water environment engineering, in particular to a plant fiber blanket seaweed planting device in a technology of constructing an ecological system on a light beach of a horizontal sand island at a Yangtze river mouth, so as to assist in the ecological environment treatment of the Yangtze river mouth.

Background

The coastline of China is long, and the ocean resources are rich. However, in recent years, as the land-source pollutants are discharged and the offshore engineering generates a large amount of suspended silt, the natural wetland is reduced, the 'vegetation' of part of coastal beaches disappears rapidly, or as the sand coming from the sea outlet is accumulated continuously, part of the beaches are becoming a 'desert'. For example, the area of a horizontal sand island in Shanghai city with only 0m to 2m elevation line has hundreds of square kilometers, has no vegetation, and is a true plain beach. The light beach makes many fishes lose inhabitation places, the biodiversity is reduced, and the inhabitation density is reduced. The concrete frame fish reef, the lump stone fish reef and the like are mainly adopted at present, practice shows that the water ecological environment cannot be created when the fish reef is available, and the function of the fish reef cannot be played because the beach does not have an ecological substrate.

The most effective way for the beach is manual repair, but aquatic plants cannot be planted on the beach, and the sea weeds are washed away by ocean currents on the seabed before growing on the seabed. The currently adopted fish reef has a single function and has no auxiliary planting function; if only a fish reef is built on the beach, the appearance of the beach is difficult to change, and fishes and aquatic organisms cannot be attracted to stay in the beach. The fish shelter and the float have aquatic plants and fish reefs, and can create a suitable aquatic ecological environment when being eaten and played, and fish and aquatic life can be kept if they live.

In conclusion, an aquatic ecological restoration technology is urgently needed for the light beach to control the desertification of the water areas at the estuary and provide a habitat for the bait organisms at the bottom of various food chains. The ecological restoration of the light beach can change the living environment of fishes in the sea and has the effects of proliferation and aggregation. Therefore, the construction of the ecological environment of the Yangtze estuary ocean can not be started, and the flood prevention of the beach can be protected. However, the beach cannot be planted by the traditional method, and a new seaweed planting mode and a new beach aquatic plant planting mode are urgently needed to change the severe environment of the beach.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to solve the technical problems, the utility model provides a plant fiber blanket for repairing a beach, which can be used for planting aquatic plants, constructing a planar fish reef and protecting the beach from scour.

The technical scheme of the utility model is as follows: a plant fiber blanket for repairing a photosea comprises a skeleton grid and a planting net block; the planting net blocks are embedded in the skeleton grids and fixed; the framework grid comprises a main rope and a moso bamboo disc; a plurality of main cables are fixed in a criss-cross mode to form a net shape; the moso bamboo disc is a semicircular moso bamboo, the concave surface is downward, and the moso bamboo discs are connected in series on the main rope in the same posture; the planting net blocks are filled with planting soil for planting submerged plants.

Based on the technical characteristics: the prefabricated blocks are arranged at two outer corners of the end of the plant fiber blanket and are connected with the outer corners of the plant fiber blanket, namely the outer corners of the skeleton grids through bridles.

Based on the technical characteristics: the planting net block comprises a bamboo chip net, a plant fiber net, side wall geotextile and planting soil filled in; the upper layer and the lower layer of the planting net block are respectively bamboo chip nets; side wall geotextiles are arranged around the planting net blocks; the plant fiber net is arranged on the inner side of the bamboo chip net.

Based on the technical characteristics: a drainage bamboo pipe is arranged in the planting net block; the drainage bamboo pipe vertically runs through the planting net blocks, and the length of the drainage bamboo pipe is the same as the thickness of the planting net blocks.

Based on the technical characteristics: the bamboo chip net is formed by long bamboo chips and connecting ropes which are connected in series in a criss-cross mode to form a net shape, and the arrangement direction of the long bamboo chips is vertical to the rolling direction of the plant fiber blanket; the arrangement direction of the connecting ropes is consistent with the rolling direction of the plant fiber blanket.

Based on the technical characteristics: the end of the long bamboo sheet and the connecting cable is provided with a connecting hook: the connecting hook is hooked with the main cable of the framework grid and locked by a bayonet.

Based on the technical characteristics: the fixing buckle is arranged in the middle of the concave surface of the moso bamboo disc and is clamped and locked with the main cable.

The utility model provides a plant fiber blanket beach repairing technology, which is a flexible structure body formed by combining a skeleton grid with a planting net block. For offshore beaches of oceans, the plant fiber blanket is used for restoring water ecology, and the limitation of the prior art is overcome. This repair plant fiber blanket of light beach can plant aquatic plant, can construct plane fish shelter again simultaneously, can also protect the light beach scour protection simultaneously. It is similar to the software row, can protect the beach face, can provide the foundation bed for aquatic plant again, provides the guarantee for seed germination growth. The carpet type cover beach surface can net loose beach bottom materials, so that microenvironment water flow is slowed down, suspended matters are settled, and nutritive salt is caught, and further the effects of stabilizing the bottom materials and fixing seaweed plants are achieved.

In the utility model, the components are standard components, and the same components have universality, so that the components can be subjected to standardized design, industrialized production and assembly type construction; simple structure, safety and reliability. The beneficial effects of the utility model are specifically explained as follows:

(1) the utility model creates the problem of planting aquatic plants on the plain beach, provides a novel technology of soft plant fiber blanket drainage with resource conservation, low carbon and environmental protection, and is a novel ecological management concept.

For offshore beaches of oceans, the plant fiber blanket is used for restoring water ecology, and the limitation of the prior art is overcome. The ecological plant fiber blanket can plant aquatic plants and can construct a planar fish reef. It is similar to the software row, can protect the beach face, can provide the foundation bed for aquatic plant again, provides the guarantee for seed germination growth. The carpet type covers the beach surface to enable the beach surface to net loose substrates, so that microenvironment water flow is slowed down, suspended matters are settled, and nutritive salts are caught, thereby further achieving the effects of stabilizing the substrates and fixing seaweed plants.

(2) The components are standard, the same components are convenient to use, standardized manufacture, factory manufacture and assembly type construction are facilitated; simple structure, safety and reliability. The plant fiber blanket material is easy to develop and produce; the construction is convenient, the building can be placed on the surface of the beach, and the building can be maintained for a long time.

(3) The plant fiber blanket with the planting bed is laid on the beach surface, slowly rooted on the beach, landed and rooted, and combined with the beach.

The plant fiber blanket is not only a carrier of aquatic plants, but also a plane fish reef, and both the bamboo sheet net and the plant fiber net which form the planting net block have affinity, so that habitat is provided for plankton, benthos and the like, a biological chain is provided for fish, and a marine ecosystem is a rejuvenation machine.

(4) The bamboo chip net is mainly made of moso bamboo, the moso bamboo is rich in resources, natural in material and good in biocompatibility, and is particularly suitable for water living beings to inhabit. The moso bamboo and plant fiber materials can be decomposed in seawater after more than ten years, and are natural and pollution-free; when the decomposition is carried out, lignin can be formed, the environment can not be damaged, and the nutrition can be continuously provided for aquatic plants and aquatic animals.

(5) The plant fiber blanket can be produced and processed by adopting straws of rice, wheat, corn and the like or palm, coconut, hemp fiber and the like by utilizing special mechanical weaving.

(6) The plant fiber blanket is similar to a soft raft, and protects a plain beach; the bed is a foundation bed for planting the seaweed, so that the shoal is prevented from being washed away, and the species are increased. The components are standard components and have universality, so that the components are convenient to manufacture in a factory and convenient to install on site.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic plan view of a plant fiber blanket for repairing a beach.

Fig. 2 is a schematic plan view (bottom view) of the skeletal grid.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the intersection of the skeletal grids.

Fig. 4 is a cross section of a moso bamboo disc.

Fig. 5 is a plan view of a planting net block.

Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the planting net block, and a cross-sectional view A-A of fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the planting net block, and a cross-sectional view B-B of fig. 5.

FIG. 8 is a skeletal grid assembly diagram.

Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the assembly of a plant fiber blanket with prefabricated blocks.

Fig. 10 is a schematic view of the plant fiber carpet laying.

The reference numbers in the figures denote: a skeleton grid 1; planting the net block 2; a plant fiber blanket 3; a beach surface 4; a main rope 5; a moso bamboo tray 6; a fixing buckle 7; a precast block 8; a lanyard 9; a connecting hook 10; long bamboo chips 11; a connecting cable 12; a plant fiber web 13; planting soil 14; a water drainage bamboo pipe 15; a wedge foot 16; a sidewall geotextile 17; a planting drum 18; a vessel 19; a paving device 20; a water level a.

Detailed Description

The following describes embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In addition, in the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.

The utility model provides a plant fiber blanket beach repairing technology, as shown in fig. 9, a plant fiber blanket 3 is formed by combining a skeleton grid 1 and a planting net block 2, and a precast block 8 is configured when the plant fiber blanket is used.

The following describes each component, functional effect and implementation method in detail with reference to fig. 1 to 10.

First, skeleton grid 1

As shown in fig. 2, fig. 3 and fig. 4, the skeleton grid 1 is composed of a main rope 5, a moso bamboo disc 6, a fixing buckle 7 and the like, and after the grid is formed, a main stress component of the plant fiber blanket is arranged, and the main stress component is a skeleton when the plant fiber blanket is rolled, laid and fixed on a beach surface.

(1) Main rope 5: the main rope 5 is made of nylon ropes, and a plurality of vertical ropes and a plurality of transverse ropes are vertically crossed to form a grid shape, and is a main stressed component of the whole plant fiber blanket planting device. The moso bamboo disks 6 are clamped on the main cable at intervals, and the moso bamboo disks are inserted into the foundation after being paved on the beach surface, so that the plant fiber blanket is connected with the beach surface, and the plant fiber blanket and the beach surface keep stable together due to the self weight of the planting net block 2.

The size of the grid formed by the main ropes 5 is related to the size of the planting net block 2, the larger the grid is, the higher the strength of the main ropes 5 is required to be, and the higher the strength of the material forming the planting net block 2 is required to be; generally, the planting soil has a certain thickness, and the weight per unit area can be calculated, so that the size of the planting net block 2 can be determined. The skeleton grid 1 is preferably square, and the side length is preferably larger than 1.0 m. In order to facilitate the assembly of the field planting

net block

2, 2 to 3 transverse meshes of the framework grid 1 are suitable. As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the lattice of the main cord 5 is assembled with the bamboo discs 6 to form the skeletal lattice 1. The main cables 5 can be connected in parallel by grooves, for example, at the cross-shaped intersection, the longitudinal (or transverse) main cables form grooves at the intersection, the transverse (or longitudinal) main cables pass through the grooves, and the intersection is bound by the cross-shaped intersection.

(2) Moso bamboo tray 6: as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the moso bamboo tray 6 is a semicircular moso bamboo, similar to a suction cup, and is formed by longitudinally splitting a section of moso bamboo from the middle to form two moso bamboo trays 6, the length of which is generally 100mm to 150mm, and a plurality of moso bamboo trays 6 are connected in series on the main rope 5 in the same posture and are fastened by fixing fasteners 7. The clear distance between the two moso bamboo discs 6 is not less than the radius of the moso bamboo discs 6, so that the rolling of the planting fiber blanket is convenient. Partial load of the planting net block 2 is transmitted to the main rope 5 through the connecting hook 10, the main rope 5 transmits the load to the mao bamboo disc 6, therefore, under the load action of the mao bamboo disc 6, the wedge-shaped feet 16 on the two sides are slowly embedded into the sand base of the beach, and the movement resistance of the planting net block 2 is improved.

The moso bamboo discs 6 on the main rope 5 are arranged at the T-shaped or cross-shaped intersection, and the moso bamboo discs 6 have a certain distance from the intersection point so as not to influence each other. The radiuses of the moso bamboo discs 6 are generally 100mm to 200mm, and the radiuses of the adjacent moso bamboo discs 6 can be unequal, because the flexible main ropes are adopted, no influence is generated between the adjacent moso bamboo discs 6, and each moso bamboo disc 6 can be tightly attached to the ground.

(3) Fixing a buckle 7: the fixing buckle 7 is made of plastic and is a small component which is opened and can be locked in a closed mode. Fixedly connected and arranged in the middle of the concave surface of the moso bamboo disc 6, and clamped and locked when the moso bamboo disc 6 is connected with the main rope 5.

(4) Precast block 8 and lanyard 9: the main function is to accelerate the sinking and positioning of the plant fiber blanket. The two outer corners of the end of each plant fiber blanket which is newly laid are provided with a plurality of grooves; one end of a lanyard 9 (nylon rope) is tied to the outer corner of the plant fiber blanket, and the other end is tied to the hook ring of the prefabricated block 8, so as to help the planting blanket stably sink and reduce floating and shaking of the end of the planting blanket when the end of the planting blanket just begins to sink, particularly under the action of tide.

Secondly, planting net block 2

As shown in fig. 5, 6 and 7, the planting net block 2 is composed of a bamboo chip net (consisting of long bamboo chips 11 and connecting ropes 12), a plant fiber net 13, side wall geotextile 17, planting soil 14, a drainage bamboo pipe 15, a connecting hook 10 and the like. As shown in fig. 1, the planting net block 2 is a square block, is embedded in the framework grid, is a bed of sea grass, and is also a barrier for preventing scour of a beach. The planting net block 2 is longitudinally flexible, can be rolled up and opened, has higher rigidity after being rolled up, and is convenient to carry. The planting net block 2 is a sandwich cake with the same upper and lower structure, and comprises a bamboo sheet net and a plant fiber net 13 from the outside to the inside, and planting soil 14 in the middle. The planting net block is a square block, the four sides of the planting net block are provided with connecting hooks 10, the distance between the connecting hooks and two moso bamboo discs arranged on the main rope 5 corresponds to one another, and the planting net block is hooked with the main rope 5. The size of the planting net block 2 is consistent with that of the skeleton grid 1.

(1) Bamboo chip net: the bamboo strip net is formed by criss-cross long bamboo strips 11 and connecting ropes 12. Since the planting net block 2 is installed in the skeleton grid 1, the plant fiber blanket 3 is rolled up directionally, and the long bamboo sheet 11 cannot be rolled up in the length direction, so the long bamboo sheet 11 is perpendicular to the rolling direction of the plant fiber blanket 3. That is, the rolling direction is longitudinal, the long bamboo pieces 11 are transversely arranged, the connecting cables 12 are longitudinally arranged, and a plurality of long bamboo pieces 11 are connected in series. The meshes of the long bamboo chips 11 are larger and are determined according to the sizes of the planting soil 14 and the planting net blocks 2. The long bamboo chips 11 are made of moso bamboos, have the width of 20mm to 30mm and the length equal to the transverse width of the planting net block 2. The connecting rope 12 is made of nylon ropes, the length of the connecting rope is equal to the longitudinal length of the planting net block 2, and the diameter of the connecting rope is comprehensively determined according to the weight and the length of the planting net block 2.

The connecting hook 10 is made of plastic and is a small circular ring-shaped, open and closable and lockable component. The connecting hook 10 is arranged at the end of the long bamboo strip 11 and the connecting cable 12, and mainly has the functions of connecting the planting net block 2 with the framework grid 1, hooking the connecting hook 10 with the main cable 5 in the framework grid 1, and embedding the planting net block 2 in the framework grid 1 as shown in figure 1.

The bamboo web may be of a larger mesh size, such as greater than 200 mm. The bamboo sheet net can degrade harmful substances in water, provide space for the attached growth and reproduction of microorganisms in water, and promote the degradation of pollutants in water more by the increased microorganisms. Virtuous circle and ecological environmental protection. The affinity of the bamboo chip net provides a habitat for plankton and thus also provides a biological chain for fish. Even if the bamboo chip net is rotten after more than ten years, the bamboo chip net can provide food chains for aquatic organisms and provide a foundation bed for aquatic plants, and the environment is not polluted.

(2) Plant fiber web 13: is woven by plant fiber, is placed on the inner side of the bamboo chip net, and is bound with the bamboo chip net by adopting a binding rope, and mainly has the function of preventing the planting soil 14 from leaking. The plant fiber net 13 is of a mesh to ensure that the planting soil does not leak when the plant fiber blanket is tiled, and is suitable for being sparse and not dense. The root system of the aquatic plant can easily penetrate through the plant fiber net 13 to the sand layer for root tying; the seaweed seedlings grow upwards and can easily penetrate through the plant fiber net 13 to grow upwards freely.

The plant fiber net 13 can be produced by using straws of rice, wheat, corn and the like or palm, coconut, hemp fiber and the like as substrates and utilizing special mechanical weaving.

(3) Planting soil 14: planting soil 14 is the mixture of plant short fiber and soil to reduce the weight of planting the net piece 2, through the bridging effect of plant short fiber, guarantee the wholeness of planting soil, interlock each other is difficult to loose the frame, and can increase the decurrent extension of plant root system and prick the root. Manufacturing the planting soil 14:

1) material

Is made of straws of rice, wheat and the like, and can be simply processed into a length of 30 mm. The soil is humus soil or common clay soil.

2) Mixing amount

In order to ensure that the grass fibers can be uniformly distributed in the planting soil, the maximum doping amount limit value is 3 percent.

3) Stirring the mixture

The planting soil can be prepared on site by adopting a conventional mortar stirrer and is prepared by uniformly stirring. In order to disperse the fibers uniformly in the soil, the fibers should be fed through a shaking screen or a disperser. Adding soil into a small amount of water, adding into a stirrer, stirring, adding fiber, and optionally adding grass seed, and stirring. The water is added in a semi-moist state based on the fact that the mixture can be kneaded into a dough by hand.

After the soil is added with the grass fiber, the main function is to provide soil combination through bridging, thereby improving the performance of the soil. The durability of the soil is improved, the deformation resistance of the soil matrix is improved, the toughness and the impact resistance of the soil matrix are improved, and the tensile strength of the soil is improved.

The adopted grass seeds are preferably selected as the local grass seeds and the native plants as much as possible; secondly, selecting grass seeds which are easy to survive and have strong root system development and growth ability. Burying the seaweed seeds in planting soil, and allowing the seaweed seeds to naturally germinate and grow. Suitable aquatic plants are selected for each place, for example, Acorus calamus and Ribes nigrum are suitable for Shanghai city horizontal Shadao plain. The root system of the seaweed can penetrate through the plant fiber net 13 at the bottom of the planting net block, penetrate through the bamboo chip net with a large net mesh and slowly prick into the beach soil layer, and the plant fiber blanket and the beach are organically combined together by the plant root system which grows day by day along with the growth of the plants. The seaweed continuously expands outwards, and the new plants grow out of the plant fiber blanket from the point to the surface. After the vegetation of the beach is diffused, a suitable benthic habitat and food source are provided for benthic organisms.

The bamboo chip net and the plant fiber net 13 at the bottom of the planting net block 2 are laid, the geotextiles at the periphery are erected, the drainage bamboo pipes 15 at the middle part are arranged, and then planting soil 14 is filled; then, the plant fiber net 13 and the bamboo chip net on the upper layer are laid.

(4) Sidewall geotextile 17: the side walls of four sides of the planting net block 2 are vertically provided with double-layer geotextiles, and the net mesh is preferably free from soil leakage so as to resist the loss of the side surfaces of the planting soil. The upper and lower ends of the geotextile are fixedly connected with the bamboo chip net.

(5) And (3) draining the bamboo pipe 15: the drainage bamboo tube 15 is made of moso bamboo, the upper end is a flat opening, and the lower end is a sawtooth shape; the length of the drainage bamboo tube 15 is the same as the thickness of the planting net block 2. As shown in fig. 5, the bamboo splints are arranged at the center of the bamboo splints net formed by long bamboo splints 11 and connecting ropes 12, and both ends of the bamboo splints net are connected and fixed with the bamboo splints net by binding ropes. All bamboo joints of the drainage bamboo pipe are opened, and the main function is to reduce the buoyancy of the plant fiber blanket when the whole plant fiber blanket is laid on the beach surface; meanwhile, the lower end of the bamboo pipe is inserted into the beach surface in a zigzag manner, so that resistance is provided for the stability of the planting net block 2. 2-5 drainage bamboo tubes 15 are arranged in one planting net block 2, and are preferably symmetrically arranged.

(6) The connecting hook 10: the connecting hook 10 is made of plastic, the hook head is circular and is provided with a bayonet, and the bayonet is locked after being hooked with the main rope 5.

Third, functional effects

As shown in fig. 8, the main rope 5 and the bamboo tray 6 are combined to form a skeleton grid 1; as shown in fig. 9, the skeleton grid 1 and the planting net block 2 form a plant fiber blanket 3, and a prefabricated block 8 is arranged when the plant fiber blanket is used. The plant fiber blanket for repairing the shoal is similar to a soft raft, and can achieve the purposes of smoothing the flow velocity of a shoal area, cutting off the channeling of the shoal surface, preventing the shoal surface from being further scoured, stabilizing the shoal surface, constructing a shoal environment easy to silt up, creating conditions for forming an ecological base and the like by means of the arrangement of the plant fiber blanket spread on the shoal surface.

In the case of the light beach of the cross sand island in the sea city, as the elevation of the cross sand shoal is too low, the hydrodynamic interference effect of tides, waves and the like is large, the silt is lost, a large amount of nutrients cannot be accumulated, and the saline marsh base with vegetation is lacked, so that the large individual large benthonic animals such as nereidae, shellfish, crabs, snails and the like in the region are less distributed, the breakage of a food chain/net is single, and the biological diversity of an ecological system is extremely low. Therefore, the silt matrix needs to be supplemented on the basis of restraining water flow from washing and lifting the beach surface substrate, sea weeds are planted through the plant fiber carpet, a soft bottom habitat which is favored by benthonic organisms and has the distribution of scirpus maritima/scripus triqueter is created, and the ecological quality of the Yangtze river mouth is intentionally improved.

The area of the light beach of the horizontal sand island is large, plant fiber blankets can be arranged to solve the problems, and the plant fiber blankets can be tiled to plant seaweed to improve the ecology of the light beach on the mud flat with serious problems. Meanwhile, the beach is prevented from being washed away, and the species are increased. An artificial seaweed area is built in the light beach sea area, original single flat sediment bottom materials are reconstructed, diversified habitat types are formed, and bottom material reconstruction and flow field reconstruction effects are generated in the sea area.

Through aquatic plant planting, by utilizing the plant fiber blanket, scour prevention and planting can be realized, two functions are combined into one, and a mudflat wetland ecosystem with complete and healthy performance is constructed. For the light beach area, natural ecological conservation is taken as the main part, and the light beach area is ploughed to herd fish, so that a proper habitat is provided for benthonic animals and fish in the intertidal zone.

The plant fiber blanket for repairing the plain beach is spliced in a single-width mode, is independent and light in weight, and cannot influence uneven settlement of a foundation; not only can effectively control the scouring of the riverbed around the structure, but also can adapt to the change of the surrounding terrain. The reef is used for preventing scour and protecting beaches, is a planting bed and a plane reef body, and provides habitation for fishes and aquatic animals.

The utility model has the measures and the effects of resource saving, environmental protection, low carbon and environmental protection. The plant fiber blanket for repairing the beach has the advantages of ecology, low carbon, environmental protection, multifunction and multiple purposes. The method solves the problems of seaweed planting on the plain beach, no resource waste, environmental pollution and the like, saves the most comprehensive investment of engineering, has optimal comprehensive economic benefit and social benefit, is low-carbon, environment-friendly and resource-saving, and is worthy of great advocation.

The plant fiber blanket is composed of standard components and assembled in a factory; the flexible structure body can be used for any beach field, and the applicability is strong. And the field tiling is realized, and the operation is simple. The plant fiber blanket fully utilizes agricultural waste straws, and is an effective way for solving the influence of straw burning on the quality of the air environment; but also solves the negative influence of the straw on the environment, has double functions and obvious environmental protection effect. The plant fiber can also provide biological nutrients after being degraded, and the straw is degraded in the later period to provide fertilizer for the growth of vegetation, so that the seaweed planting effect of the plant fiber blanket is improved. The construction efficiency is high, the limitation of the spreading of the plant fiber blanket by seasons is small, the construction process is simple, and the construction speed is high.

Fourthly, the concrete implementation method

The same components of the plant fiber blanket for repairing the beach have the same shape and size, so the same components can be produced in factories in a standardized way; the manufacturing and processing are convenient, the efficiency can be improved, the material consumption can be reduced, the product quality can be ensured, a large amount of field workload can be reduced, and the engineering quality of the device can be improved. After being assembled in a factory, the water is sent to a beach water area to be constructed, and then the water is put on a ship.

1. Factory fabrication

1) Skeleton grid 1 fabrication

The framework grid 1 is composed of a main rope 5, a moso bamboo disc 6 and a fixing buckle 7. According to the designed size, the following components are manufactured and assembled.

(1) Main rope 5: the main rope is made of nylon ropes, and a plurality of vertical ropes and a plurality of transverse ropes are vertically crossed to form a grid shape.

(2) Moso bamboo tray 6: the mao bamboo dish is a semicircular mao bamboo, is similar to a sucking disc, is cut open from the middle by a section of mao bamboo and forms 2 single sections, and its length generally is 100mm to 150mm, and a plurality of mao bamboo dish concave surface is downward, and same gesture is established ties on main rope 5 to with fixed buckle 7 lock joint.

(3) Fixing a buckle 7: the fixing buckle 7 is made of plastic and is a small component which is opened and can be locked in a closed mode.

(4) Precast block 8 and lanyard 9: the main function is to accelerate the sinking and positioning of the plant fiber blanket for field use. Precast block 8 may be precast concrete.

Completing the single skeletal grid from (1) to (3) above, and assembling the second one in the same manner, thus loop … …

2) Planting net block 2 production

The planting net block 2 is composed of a bamboo chip net, a plant fiber net 13, side wall geotextile 17, planting soil 14, a drainage bamboo pipe 15, a connecting hook 10 and the like.

(1) Bamboo chip net: the bamboo strip net is formed by criss-cross long bamboo strips 11 and connecting ropes 12.

The rolling direction is longitudinal, the long bamboo pieces 11 are transversely arranged, the connecting cables 12 are longitudinally arranged, and the long bamboo pieces 11 are connected in series.

The connecting hook 10 is made of plastic and is a small circular ring-shaped, open and closable and lockable component.

(2) Plant fiber web 13: is woven by plant fibers, is placed on the inner side of the bamboo chip net, is bound with the bamboo chip net by adopting a binding rope, and mainly has the function of preventing the planting soil from leaking.

(3) Planting soil 14: the planting soil 14 is a mixture of plant short fibers and soil, and the volume ratio of the plant short fibers to the soil is preferably 1: 3.

(4) Sidewall geotextile 17: the side walls of the four sides of the planting net block 2 are vertically provided with double-layer geotextiles, and the meshes are preferably free from soil leakage so as to resist the loss of the side surfaces of the planting soil.

(5) Drainage bamboo tube 15: the drainage bamboo tube 15 is made of moso bamboo, the upper end is a flat opening, and the lower end is a sawtooth shape; the length of the drainage bamboo pipe is the same as the thickness of the planting net block.

The bamboo chip net and the plant fiber net 13 at the bottom of the planting net block 2 are laid, the geotextile 17 at the periphery is erected, the drainage bamboo pipe 15 is arranged, and then the planting soil 14 is filled; and then the plant fiber net 13 and the bamboo chip net on the upper part are laid continuously. To this end, a single planting net block 2 is completed, and the second is processed in the same manner, so that the process is circulated … …

3) Factory assembly

(1) The framework grid 1 and the planting net block 2 are combined to form the plant fiber blanket 3.

(2) The plant fiber blanket 3 is wound on a shaft to form a planting reel 18, and a plurality of planting reels 18 are transported to the site together to be laid. The method has the advantages of large winding volume, no need of field assembly, and the long planting blanket needs to be rolled up in sections.

To this end, the assembled plant fiber blanket 3 is completed and rolled up on a rotating shaft to form the planting roll 18. The second planting drum 18 is completed in the same manner, so that … … is circulated

2. Laying on site

As shown in fig. 10, a plurality of planting rolls 18, i.e. the plant fiber blankets 3 mounted on the rotating shafts, can be collectively transported to the beach throwing site by using a boat 19 at a time.

(1) Hoisting equipment or manpower can be adopted on the ship to hoist one planting reel 18, and the planting reel 18 is placed on laying equipment 20 at the bow of the ship, namely, two ends of a rotating shaft are erected on fixed bearing frames;

(2) two prefabricated blocks 8 are arranged at the beginning end of the plant fiber blanket 3; the precast block 8 may be concrete;

(3) placing the precast block 8 along with the end of the plant fiber blanket 3 in a set water area;

(4) the vessel advances in the laying direction while rotating the planting reel 18 to uniformly loosen the plant fiber blanket 3. The plant fiber blanket 3 continuously falls into the water and sinks from the water level A to the plain beach surface 4 … … under the action of self weight

By analogy, the same method is used for laying the next one in sequence.

The direction of the arrows shown in fig. 10 is the direction of laying of the plant fiber blanket.

In summary, the utility model aims to restore water ecology of a plain beach similar to the mouth of a Yangtze river by using a planting blanket, overcomes the limitation of the prior art, and discloses a plant fiber blanket for restoring the plain beach, which is similar to a soft raft and can protect the beach surface and provide a foundation bed for aquatic plants. The carpet type covering is used for covering loose substrates, so that micro-environment water flow is slowed down, suspended matters are settled, and nutritive salt is caught, and further the effects of stabilizing the substrates and fixing seaweed plants are achieved.

The device is designed in a standardized way, manufactured in a factory and constructed in an assembly way; the method not only provides a planting bed for the beach, but also provides a planar fish reef, and is particularly suitable for ecological construction of the light beach at the Yangtze river mouth; simple structure, ecological environmental protection, investment saving, construction convenience, facility are reliable.

The length of the plant fiber blanket is not limited, the coiled plant fiber blanket can be cut off the longitudinal main rope at a complete planting net block when the laying needs to be stopped in the laying process, the cut-off part can still be connected next time, two prefabricated blocks are added at the front end before the water is drained, and then the plant fiber blanket is laid without reconfiguration, material waste and adjustment of construction equipment and a construction mode.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and substitutions should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A plant fiber blanket for repairing a photosea is characterized in that: the plant fiber blanket (3) comprises a framework grid (1) and a planting net block (2); the planting net blocks (2) are embedded in the framework grids (1) and are fixed; the framework grid (1) comprises a main rope (5) and a moso bamboo tray (6); a plurality of main cables (5) are fixed in a criss-cross mode to form a net shape; the moso bamboo disc (6) is a semicircular moso bamboo, the concave surface of the moso bamboo disc is downward, and the moso bamboo disc is connected in series on the main rope (5) in the same posture; planting soil (14) is filled in the planting net block (2) and is used for planting submerged plants.

2. The plant fiber blanket for repairing a beach of claim 1, wherein: two outer corners of the end of the plant fiber blanket (3) are provided with precast blocks (8), and the precast blocks (8) are connected with the outer corners of the plant fiber blanket (3) through lanyards (9).

3. The plant fiber blanket for repairing a beach of claim 1, wherein: the planting net block (2) comprises a bamboo chip net, a plant fiber net (13), side wall geotextile (17) and the planting soil (14) filled in; the upper layer and the lower layer of the planting net block (2) are respectively the bamboo chip net; the side wall geotextiles (17) are arranged around the planting net block (2); the plant fiber net (13) is arranged on the inner side of the bamboo chip net.

4. The plant fiber blanket for repairing a beach of claim 3, wherein: a drainage bamboo pipe (15) is arranged in the planting net block (2); the drainage bamboo pipe (15) vertically penetrates through the planting net block (2), and the length of the drainage bamboo pipe is the same as the thickness of the planting net block (2).

5. The plant fiber blanket for repairing a beach of claim 3, wherein: the bamboo sheet net is formed by criss-cross connection of long bamboo sheets (11) and connecting ropes (12) which are connected in series, and the arrangement direction of the long bamboo sheets (11) is vertical to the rolling direction of the plant fiber blanket (3); the arrangement direction of the connecting rope (12) is consistent with the rolling direction of the plant fiber blanket (3).

6. The plant fiber blanket for repairing a beach of claim 5, wherein: the end heads of the long bamboo pieces (11) and the connecting cables (12) are provided with connecting hooks (10): the connecting hook (10) is hooked and locked with the main rope (5) in a bayonet mode.

7. The plant fiber blanket for repairing a beach of claim 1, wherein: the fixing buckle (7) is arranged in the middle of the concave surface of the moso bamboo disc (6) and is clamped and locked with the moso bamboo disc (6) in the main cable (5).