CN216596967U - High temperature gas cooled reactor fuel ball integrity detection device based on X-ray tomography - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor fuel ball integrity detection device based on X-ray tomography. The outlet of the transmitter is communicated with the second opening of the inlet distributor through the slope pipe, the first opening of the inlet distributor is connected with the first opening of the outlet distributor through the measuring pipe, and the first opening of the outlet distributor is connected with the first opening of the outlet distributor. The two openings are connected with the discharge system through the third ball path counter and the fourth ball path counter, and the pneumatic lifting system is connected with the transmitter through the launch control valve; the X-ray detection device is sleeved on the measuring pipe, and the outlet of the slope pipe A ball entry locator is installed at the device, which realizes the detection of surface defects and volume defects of spherical fuel elements of high temperature gas-cooled reactors, and completes the screening and screening of damaged spherical fuel elements.

Description

High temperature gas-cooled reactor fuel sphere integrity detection device based on X-ray tomography

technical field

The utility model belongs to the field of nuclear reactor fuel detection, and relates to a high temperature gas-cooled reactor fuel ball integrity detection device based on X-ray tomography.

Background technique

The nuclear fuel element is the core component that provides fission energy for the nuclear reactor. During the fission process, a large number of fission nuclides and induced radionuclides are produced, among which a large number of radionuclides are enveloped inside the nuclear fuel element of the reactor. The layer is the cladding layer of the fuel element, which is usually called the first barrier of the nuclear power plant, and its integrity is an important guarantee for the safety of the nuclear power plant. The integrity testing of nuclear fuel elements of pressurized water reactors has mature experience and methods through online radionuclide monitoring and integrity testing of nuclear fuel assemblies in unloaded state. As the world's first nuclear power generating unit with four-generation technical features, the high temperature gas-cooled reactor adopts the non-stop refueling mode and uses spherical fuel elements with a diameter of 60mm. The fuel element will be damaged to a certain extent if there is flow between equipment and pipelines in other systems, and the designed damage rate is less than 2×10-4. The current system designed for high temperature gas-cooled reactors can only identify large-volume breakage of fuel elements, but cannot identify small-volume breakage (because there are fewer missing parts, and the flow of fuel spheres is not affected). Continued flow in the core and system will increase the risk of the fuel ball getting stuck in the pipeline (ie, the ball is stuck), the damaged fuel ball will continue to participate in the nuclear fission reaction, and the radioactive material will penetrate the damaged cladding layer, increasing the primary circuit of radioactivity.

Utility model content

The purpose of the present utility model is to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art, and to provide a high temperature gas-cooled reactor fuel ball integrity detection device based on X-ray tomography, which realizes the surface defects and volume of the high temperature gas-cooled reactor spherical fuel elements. Defects are detected, and the screening of damaged spherical fuel elements is completed.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the X-ray tomography-based high temperature gas-cooled reactor fuel ball integrity detection device of the present invention includes a feeding system, a discharging system, a pneumatic lifting system, a negative pressure ventilation system, a ball path cleaning system, Ramp pipe, first ball path counter, second ball path counter, third ball path counter, fourth ball path counter, conveying unit, transmitter, inlet distributor, outlet distributor, X-ray inspection device, emission control valve and control and data processing systems;

The outlet of the feeding system is communicated with the inlet of the launcher through the first ball path counter, the second ball path counter and the conveying unit, and the outlet of the launcher is communicated with the second opening of the inlet distributor through the slope pipe, and the inlet distribution The first opening of the outlet distributor is connected to the first opening of the outlet distributor through the measuring pipe, and the second opening of the outlet distributor is connected to the discharge system through the third ball path counter and the fourth ball path counter, and the pneumatic lift The system is communicated with the transmitter through the emission control valve; the X-ray detection device is sleeved on the measurement pipe, and a ball locator is arranged at the exit of the slope pipe;

Control and data processing system and ball positioner, X-ray inspection device, launch control valve, outlet distributor, inlet distributor, third ball path counter, fourth ball path counter, first ball path counter and second ball path connected to the counter.

The angle between the sloped pipe and the horizontal plane is 5°-10°.

The X-ray detection device includes an X-ray machine, an X-ray receiving plate, a fixed support, a shielding shell, a fixed ring, a slip ring, a rotary controller, an electrical penetration piece and a support column;

The fixed ring is fixed on the inner wall of the shielding shell, the slip ring is embedded in the fixed ring, the X-ray machine and the X-ray receiving plate are installed on the inner wall of the slip ring through the support column, and the X-ray machine and the X-ray receiving plate are opposite to each other. The axis of the measuring pipe is symmetrically distributed, the rotation controller is connected with the control end of the slip ring, the control and data processing system is connected with the X-ray machine, the X-ray receiving board and the rotation controller through the electrical penetration parts, and the image presentation device is connected with the control connected to the data processing system.

The measuring pipe is made of ultrasonic high penetrating material.

It also includes a ball cleaning system; the third opening of the outlet distributor and the third opening of the inlet distributor are both communicated with the ball cleaning system.

The shielding shell is connected with a negative pressure ventilation system.

The utility model has the following beneficial effects:

During specific operation, the X-ray tomography-based high temperature gas-cooled reactor fuel ball integrity detection device of the utility model realizes the integrity detection of the high temperature gas-cooled reactor spherical fuel elements through the X-ray detection device, so as to adapt to the high temperature gas cooling In the fast ball flow state of the non-stop stacking and refueling, the X-ray detection signal has strong penetrability, and the rotatable design is used to realize multi-angle measurement to improve the detection efficiency and accuracy of fuel balls. It should be noted that the utility model can not only detect the surface defects of the fuel elements, but also perform in-depth inspection on the volume defects of the damaged fuel elements, so as to realize the functions of automatic data analysis, judgment control and storage.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model;

FIG. 2 is an axial structural diagram of the X-ray detection device 9;

FIG. 3 is a radial structural diagram of the X-ray detection device 9 .

Among them, 1-1 is the feeding system, 1-2 is the discharging system, 2 is the pneumatic lifting system, 3 is the negative pressure ventilation system, 4 is the ball path cleaning system, 5-1 is the first ball path counter, 5- 2 is the second ball path counter, 5-3 is the third ball path counter, 5-4 is the fourth ball path counter, 6 is the conveying unit, 7 is the transmitter, 8-1 is the inlet distributor, 8-2 9 is the outlet distributor, 9 is the X-ray detection device, 10 is the emission control valve, 11 is the ramp pipe, 12 is the ball locator, 13 is the fuel ball, 14 is the electrical penetration, 15 is the control and data processing system, 16 is an image presentation device, 17 is a fixed support, 18 is a shielding shell, 19 is a slip ring, 20 is a support column, 21 is a highly penetrating material, 22 is a fixing ring, 23 is an X-ray machine, and 24 is an X-ray receiving plate , 25 is the rotary controller.

Detailed ways

In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described The embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments, and are not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure of the present invention. Also, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the concepts disclosed in the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative work shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The accompanying drawings show a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment according to the disclosure of the present invention. The figures are not to scale, some details have been exaggerated for clarity, and some details may have been omitted. The shapes of various regions and layers shown in the figures and their relative sizes and positional relationships are only exemplary, and in practice, there may be deviations due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations, and those skilled in the art should Regions/layers with different shapes, sizes, relative positions can be additionally designed as desired.

Referring to Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3, the X-ray tomography-based high temperature gas-cooled reactor fuel ball integrity detection device according to the present invention includes a feeding system 1-1, a discharging system 1-2, and a pneumatic lifting system. 2. Negative pressure ventilation system 3, ball path cleaning system 4, first ball path counter 5-1, second ball path counter 5-2, third ball path counter 5-3, fourth ball path counter 5-4, Conveying unit 6, transmitter 7, inlet distributor 8-1, outlet distributor 8-2, X-ray detection device 9, emission control valve 10, slope pipeline 11 and control and data processing system 15;

The outlet of the feeding system 1-1 is communicated with the inlet of the launcher 7 through the first ball path counter 5-1, the second ball path counter 5-2 and the conveying unit 6, and the outlet of the launcher 7 is connected to the launcher 7 through the slope pipe 11. The second opening of the inlet distributor 8-1 is communicated, the first opening of the inlet distributor 8-1 is communicated with the first opening of the outlet distributor 8-2 through the measuring pipe, and the The second opening is communicated with the discharge system 1-2 through the third ball path counter 5-3 and the fourth ball path counter 5-4, the third opening of the outlet distributor 8-2 and the inlet distributor 8-1 The third openings are all communicated with the ball cleaning system 4, and the pneumatic lifting system 2 is communicated with the transmitter 7 through the launch control valve 10; the X-ray detection device 9 is sleeved on the measurement pipeline;

The control and data processing system 15, the X-ray detection device 9, the emission control valve 10, the outlet distributor 8-2, the inlet distributor 8-1, the third ball path counter 5-3, the fourth ball path counter 5-4, The first ball path counter 5-1 and the second ball path counter 5-2 are connected.

The function of the inclined pipe 11 is to enable the fuel balls 13 to slowly enter the measurement pipe through gravity after coming out of the conveying unit 6. The angle between the inclined pipe 11 and the horizontal plane is 5°-10°, which can ensure that the fuel balls 13 can have enough power to overcome the frictional force without causing the fuel ball 13 to get stuck in the pipeline and stop moving forward, and it can also prevent the fuel ball 13 from flowing too fast to be stopped by the X-ray detection device 9, preventing entry. The ball retainer 12 is damaged by the impact of the high-speed fuel ball 13 .

A ball entry locator 12 is provided at the exit of the slope pipe 11. The function of the ball entry locator 12 is to stop the fuel ball 13 and place it at the position of the X-ray probe. Ball, ball in position, volleyball, the initial state of the ball locator 12 is the ball interception state, when the fuel ball 13 enters the X-ray detection device 9, the ball locator 12 sends the fuel ball 13 into position signal, and the X-ray detection device 9 is started, and the X-ray inspection of the fuel ball 13 is started. After receiving the detection end instruction issued by the control and data processing system 15, the ball locator 12 releases the fuel ball 13, and the ball locator 12 is opened at the volleyball position at this time; when the third ball path counter 5-3 and When the fourth ball path counter 5-4 detects the passage of the fuel ball 13, the control and data processing system 15 issues an instruction to restore the ball entry positioner 12 to the initial ball interception position.

The X-ray detection device 9 includes an X-ray machine 23 , an X-ray receiving plate 24 , a fixed support 17 , a shielding shell 18 , a fixed ring 22 , a slip ring 19 , a rotary controller 25 , an electrical penetration piece 14 , a support column 20 , and a fixed ring 22 By fixing the support 17 and the inner wall of the shielding shell 18, the slip ring 19 is embedded in the fixing ring 22, and the slip ring 19 can rotate, wherein the maximum rotation angle of the slip ring 19 is 360°. The rotation controller 25 receives the actually measured rotation angle signal and the control command signal, and makes the slip ring 19 rotate to achieve the purpose of covering the detected fuel all around. On the inner wall of the ring 19, and the X-ray machine 23 and the X-ray receiving plate 24 are symmetrically distributed with respect to the axis of the measuring pipe to ensure that the X-ray machine 23 and the X-ray receiving plate 24 are always 180° symmetrical during the rotation of the slip ring 19, The emission and reception of X-rays can cover the entire area of the fuel spheres 13 . The control and data processing system 15 performs imaging processing on the signals received by the X-ray receiving plate 24 , and then displays the 3D display image of the complete fuel spheres 13 on the image presentation device 16 . , In order to reduce the influence of the measurement pipeline on the X-ray, the measurement pipeline adopts a high-penetration material 21 to reduce the energy attenuation of the X-ray and improve the measurement accuracy.

After the ball entry locator 12 receives the signal of the end of the detection, the control and data processing system 15 sends a release signal to allow the fuel ball 13 to pass through. At this time, the power required for the transmission of the fuel ball 13 comes from the high-pressure helium gas of the pneumatic lifting system 2. The launch control valve 10 is opened, and the high-pressure helium gas is delivered to the pipeline, the kinetic energy of the high-pressure helium gas is converted into the kinetic energy of the fuel ball 13, and the fuel ball 13 is introduced into the discharge system 1-2. During normal operation, the counts of the first ball path counter 5-1, the second ball path counter 5-2, the third ball path counter 5-3 and the fourth ball path counter 5-4 are the same. When the counts of 5-1 and the second ball path counter 5-2 are one more than the third ball path counter 5-3 and the fourth ball path counter 5-4, it means that there is one fuel ball 13 in the X-ray detection device 9 In the process of detection, when the detection is over, the fuel ball 13 is discharged, the third ball path counter 5-3 and the fourth ball path counter 5-4 are incremented by 1, the control and data processing system 15 sends a signal to close the emission control valve 10, and The X-ray inspection device 9 is allowed to proceed to the next fuel ball 13 measurement.

After a round of detection control and detection process, the status changes of each device are as follows:

initial state

The first ball path counter 5-1, the second ball path counter 5-2, the third ball path counter 5-3 and the fourth ball path counter 5-4 are 0, the inlet distributor 8-1 and the outlet distributor 8- The first opening and the second opening of 2 are turned on, the X-ray detection device 9 is on standby, the emission control valve 10 is closed, the conveying unit 6 is reset, and the ball locator 12 intercepts the ball;

Conveyor 6 goals

The first ball path counter 5-1 and the second ball path counter 5-2 count up by 1, the third ball path counter 5-3 and the fourth ball path counter 5-4 count as 0, the inlet distributor 8-1 and the outlet The first opening and the second opening of the distributor 8-2 are turned on, the X-ray detection device 9 is on standby, the emission control valve 10 is closed, the delivery unit 6 is activated to score a goal once, and the goal locator 12 intercepts the ball;

ball in place

The first ball path counter 5-1 and the second ball path counter 5-2 count as 1, the third ball path counter 5-3 and the fourth ball path counter 5-4 count as 0, the inlet distributor 8-1 and the outlet The first opening and the second opening of the distributor 8-2 are turned on, the X-ray detection device 9 is on standby, the emission control valve 10 is closed, the conveying unit 6 is reset, and the ball locator 12 is in place;

Start detection

The first ball path counter 5-1 and the second ball path counter 5-2 count as 1, the third ball path counter 5-3 and the fourth ball path counter 5-4 count as 0, the inlet distributor 8-1 and the outlet The first opening and the second opening of the distributor 8-2 are turned on, the X-ray detection device 9 is activated, the emission control valve 10 is closed, the conveying unit 6 is reset, and the ball locator 12 is in place;

Detect end volleyball

The first ball path counter 5-1 and the second ball path counter 5-2 count as 1, the third ball path counter 5-3 and the fourth ball path counter 5-4 count up by 1, the inlet distributor 8-1 and the outlet The first opening and the second opening of the distributor 8-2 are turned on, the X-ray detection device 9 is on standby, the emission control valve 10 is opened, the conveying unit 6 is reset, and the ball entry locator 12 is opened to open the ball;

volleyball over

The first ball path counter 5-1 and the second ball path counter 5-2 count as 1, the third ball path counter 5-3 and the fourth ball path counter 5-4 count as 1, the inlet distributor 8-1 and the outlet The first opening and the second opening of the distributor 8-2 are turned on, the X-ray detection device 9 is on standby, the emission control valve 10 is closed, the conveying unit 6 is reset, and the ball locator 12 intercepts the ball;

Since there may be graphite dust and debris of the fuel ball 13 in the measuring pipeline, the graphite dust and debris of the fuel ball 13 may affect the accuracy of the X-ray detection device 9. The utility model is also provided with a ball path cleaning system 4. In the cleaning stage, the first opening and the second opening of the inlet distributor 8-1 and the outlet distributor 8-2 are turned on, and the third opening is closed. When cleaning is required, the inlet distributor 8-1 and the outlet distributor The first opening and the third opening of 8-2 are turned on, and the second opening is closed, and the purging airflow and cleaning rubber balls are introduced from the ball path cleaning system 4, and then exported through the outlet distributor 8-2, and the purging airflow is The dust in the measuring pipe and the debris of the fuel ball 13 can be taken out. The cleaning rubber ball can also clean the inner wall of the measuring pipe under the action of the purging air flow. The cleaning rubber ball is compressible, and the ball cleaning system 4 Count and dispose of recovered impurities and cleaned rubber balls.

The shielding shell 18 is connected with the negative pressure ventilation system 3 to ensure continuous ventilation and cooling, and is in a slightly negative pressure state relative to the environment, which can prevent the leakage of radioactive substances.

Claims (6)

1. A high-temperature gas-cooled reactor fuel ball integrity detection device based on X-ray tomography, characterized in that it comprises a feeding system (1-1), a discharging system (1-2), and a pneumatic lifting system (2) , Negative pressure ventilation system (3), ball path cleaning system (4), slope pipe (11), first ball path counter (5-1), second ball path counter (5-2), third ball path counter (5-3), fourth ball path counter (5-4), conveying unit (6), emitter (7), inlet distributor (8-1), outlet distributor (8-2), X-ray a detection device (9), an emission control valve (10) and a control and data processing system (15); The outlet of the feeding system (1-1) is communicated with the inlet of the transmitter (7) through the first ball path counter (5-1), the second ball path counter (5-2) and the conveying unit (6), The outlet of the transmitter (7) is communicated with the second opening of the inlet distributor (8-1) through the ramp pipe (11), and the first opening of the inlet distributor (8-1) is connected with the outlet distributor through the measuring pipe The first opening of (8-2) is connected, and the second opening of the outlet distributor (8-2) is connected to the outlet through the third ball path counter (5-3) and the fourth ball path counter (5-4). The material system (1-2) is connected, and the pneumatic lifting system (2) is connected with the transmitter (7) through the emission control valve (10); the X-ray detection device (9) is sleeved on the measuring pipe, and the slope pipe (11) ) is provided with a ball locator (12) at the exit; A control and data processing system (15), a ball positioning device (12), an X-ray detection device (9), an emission control valve (10), an outlet distributor (8-2), an inlet distributor (8-1), The third ball path counter (5-3), the fourth ball path counter (5-4), the first ball path counter (5-1) and the second ball path counter (5-2) are connected. 2 . The X-ray tomography-based high temperature gas-cooled reactor fuel ball integrity detection device according to claim 1 , wherein the angle between the inclined pipe ( 11 ) and the horizontal plane is 5°-10°. 3 . 3. The high temperature gas-cooled reactor fuel ball integrity detection device based on X-ray tomography according to claim 1, wherein the X-ray detection device (9) comprises an X-ray machine (23), an X-ray receiving plate ( 24), a fixed support (17), a shielding shell (18), a fixed ring (22), a slip ring (19), a rotary controller (25), an electrical penetration piece (14) and a support column (20); The fixing ring (22) is fixed on the inner wall of the shielding shell (18) through the fixing support (17), the slip ring (19) is embedded in the fixing ring (22), the X-ray machine (23) and the X-ray receiving plate (24) The support column (20) is installed on the inner wall of the slip ring (19), and the X-ray machine (23) and the X-ray receiving plate (24) are symmetrically distributed with respect to the axis of the measuring pipe, and the rotation controller (25) is connected to the slip ring. The control terminal (19) is connected, and the control and data processing system (15) is connected with the X-ray machine (23), the X-ray receiving plate (24) and the rotation controller (25) through the electrical penetration piece (14), and the image The presentation device (16) is connected to the control and data processing system (15). 4 . The X-ray tomography-based high temperature gas-cooled reactor fuel ball integrity detection device according to claim 1 , wherein the measurement pipeline is made of ultrasonic high-penetration material. 5 . 5. The high temperature gas-cooled reactor fuel ball integrity detection device based on X-ray tomography according to claim 1, characterized in that, further comprising a ball path cleaning system (4); The three openings and the third opening of the inlet distributor (8-1) are all communicated with the ball path cleaning system (4). 6 . The high temperature gas-cooled reactor fuel ball integrity detection device based on X-ray tomography according to claim 3 , wherein the shielding shell ( 18 ) is communicated with a negative pressure ventilation system ( 3 ). 7 .

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