CN115148385B - Discharging device and method for reactor core of pebble-bed reactor - Google Patents
Discharging device and method for reactor core of pebble-bed reactor Download PDFInfo
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- CN115148385B CN115148385B CN202210827437.7A CN202210827437A CN115148385B CN 115148385 B CN115148385 B CN 115148385B CN 202210827437 A CN202210827437 A CN 202210827437A CN 115148385 B CN115148385 B CN 115148385B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- 239000011805 ball Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 288
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 239000002915 spent fuel radioactive waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003758 nuclear fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010977 unit operation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C19/00—Arrangements for treating, for handling, or for facilitating the handling of, fuel or other materials which are used within the reactor, e.g. within its pressure vessel
- G21C19/20—Arrangements for introducing objects into the pressure vessel; Arrangements for handling objects within the pressure vessel; Arrangements for removing objects from the pressure vessel
- G21C19/202—Arrangements for handling ball-form, i.e. pebble fuel
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C19/00—Arrangements for treating, for handling, or for facilitating the handling of, fuel or other materials which are used within the reactor, e.g. within its pressure vessel
- G21C19/20—Arrangements for introducing objects into the pressure vessel; Arrangements for handling objects within the pressure vessel; Arrangements for removing objects from the pressure vessel
- G21C19/22—Arrangements for obtaining access to the interior of a pressure vessel whilst the reactor is operating
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Monitoring And Testing Of Nuclear Reactors (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a reactor core unloading device and a reactor core unloading method of a pebble-bed reactor, wherein the system comprises a reactor, a conical blanking pipe, a pebble separating pipe, a pebble collecting box, a burnup measuring device, a lower stop lever, an upper stop lever, a choke lock shell, a spent fuel ball collecting port, an arch breaking device, an available fuel ball collecting port, a choke lock turntable, an inlet channel, a spent fuel ball channel and an available fuel ball channel; the method comprises the following steps: after the system is started, when the lower stop lever moment switch is in the ON position and the upper stop lever stretches out, the burnup measuring device detects the burnup of the ball in the pipe, so that whether the ball belongs to the spent fuel ball or the ball capable of being recycled is judged, when the fuel ball falls down through the broken ball separating pipe, broken balls, dust and fragments fall into the broken ball collecting box, the quantity of the broken balls, dust and fragments is observed through the high-definition camera in the broken ball collecting box, and if the clearance threshold is reached, the broken ball collecting box is cleared. The invention improves the safety of the operation of the unit and reduces the risk of personnel being irradiated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of emerging energy and nuclear power industry, and particularly relates to a high-temperature gas cooled reactor core unloading device and method.
Background
The high-temperature gas cooled reactor needs to discharge fuel balls from a reactor core in operation, the fuel consumption of the fuel balls is measured, the fuel balls with lighter fuel consumption are returned to the reactor for reuse, and the fuel balls with deeper fuel consumption are used as a spent fuel discharge system.
The core unloading device and method adopted by the current high-temperature gas cooled reactor demonstration power station have the following problems:
(1) The reactor core unloading device and the broken ball separating device adopt a rigid auger pushing mode, so that fuel balls are easily damaged, and a large amount of dust, broken balls and scraps are generated;
(2) The arch breaking device adopts a mechanical rotating rod, which is easy to damage the fuel ball;
(3) The counter adopts an eddy current induction mode, is easily interfered by environmental factors and is inaccurate in counting;
(4) The choke air lock is easily blocked and damaged after being influenced by dust and scraps;
(5) The system is complex, the fault points are more, and the required installation space is large;
(6) When the fault occurs, shutdown maintenance is needed, so that the safety of unit operation is affected, and the risk of personnel irradiation is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a device and a method for unloading a reactor core of a pebble-bed reactor.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a sphere reactor core discharge apparatus, including the reactor, conical unloading pipe, broken ball separator pipe, broken ball collecting box, burnup measuring device, lower pin, upper gear pole, choked flow gas lock casing, spent fuel ball collecting port, broken arch device, usable fuel ball collecting port, choked flow gas lock carousel, inlet channel, spent fuel ball passageway and usable fuel ball passageway, wherein the spheroid that flows from the reactor gets into broken ball separator pipe through conical unloading pipe, broken ball falls into broken ball collecting box, broken ball separator pipe comprises perpendicular inlet pipe section, inclined pipe section and perpendicular outlet pipe section of inclination at 30 to 80;
The lower stop lever and the upper stop lever are arranged through the wall of the vertical outlet pipe of the broken ball separating pipe, the center distance between the lower stop lever and the upper stop lever is B, the burnup measuring device is arranged ON the opposite outer wall of the pipe between the lower stop lever and the upper stop lever, can measure the burnup condition of balls passing through the position and can judge that the balls are usable fuel balls, spent fuel balls and graphite balls, the lower stop lever and the upper stop lever are provided with two positions of extension and retraction, when the lower stop lever and the upper stop lever are positioned at the extension positions, the balls can be blocked from falling down, when the lower stop lever and the upper stop lever are positioned at the retraction positions, the balls can smoothly fall down, when the lower stop lever and the upper stop lever are positioned at the extension positions, the moment switch is positioned at the OFF position when the lower stop lever and the upper stop lever are not provided with balls, and the contact positions of the lower stop lever and the balls are smooth;
The choke lock shell and the choke lock turntable are assembled together to form a choke lock, the first interface inner diameter of the choke lock shell is A, the choke lock shell is in sealing connection with a vertical outlet pipe of the broken ball separating pipe, the second interface inner diameter of the choke lock shell is A, the choke lock shell is in sealing connection with a spent fuel ball collecting port, and the third interface inner diameter of the choke lock shell is A, and the choke lock shell is in sealing connection with an available fuel ball collecting port;
The center of the flow-blocking air lock turntable is welded with a rotating shaft, 3 round holes with the diameter of A are circumferentially formed in the center plane of the flow-blocking air lock turntable, the first round hole is a ball inlet hole and is in smooth transition connection with an inlet channel, the second round hole is a spent fuel ball outlet hole and is in smooth transition connection with a spent fuel ball guide rail, the third round hole is a usable fuel ball outlet hole and is in smooth transition connection with a usable fuel ball guide rail, the included angle between the inlet channel and the spent fuel ball channel is larger than 90 degrees and smaller than 120 degrees, and the included angle between the inlet channel and the usable fuel ball channel is larger than 90 degrees and smaller than 120 degrees;
the broken ball separating pipe, the broken ball collecting box, the lower stop lever and the upper stop lever are assembled together to form a ball control counter, and the ball control counter is arranged at the inlet of the choke lock.
The invention is further improved in that the inner diameter of the inlet of the conical blanking pipe is the same as the inner diameter of the outlet of the reactor, the inner diameter of the outlet of the conical blanking pipe is the same as the inner diameter of the broken ball separating pipe, the values of A and B are 1.03 times to 1.3 times of the outer diameter of the ball.
The invention is further improved in that the lower part of the broken ball separating tube is hollowed out, the hollowed-out part is polished smoothly, the hollowed-out gap is 0.9B, so that broken balls with the envelope diameter smaller than 0.9B fall into the broken ball collecting box from the hollowed-out part, the upper part of the broken ball collecting box is connected with the lower part of the broken ball separating tube in a sealing manner through a flange or welding, a high-definition infrared camera is arranged in the broken ball collecting box, and the ball falling condition and the dust and the broken ball quantity in the broken ball collecting box can be monitored through the hollowed-out part of the lower part of the broken ball separating tube.
The invention is further improved in that the circular arcs among the three pipe sections of the broken ball separating pipe are in smooth transition, the vertical inlet pipe section is in sealed connection with the outlet pipe section of the conical blanking pipe through a flange or welding, the length of the vertical inlet pipe section is between 2B and 5B, the length of the inclined pipe section is between 4B and 8B, and the length of the vertical outlet pipe section is between 3B and 4B.
The invention is further improved in that the choke lock housing is a circular housing with an inner diameter C, the C value is 4B to 5B, and the choke lock housing is installed at an inclination angle of 30 DEG to 90 deg.
The invention further improves that the arch breaking device is arranged at the position of the conical blanking pipe close to the outlet, can generate high-pressure pulse helium, and eliminates bridging of the fuel balls in the conical blanking pipe by utilizing the pulse impact force of the helium.
The invention is further improved in that the height of the choke lock shell is 1.4A, the part is required to have a smooth inner surface, three interfaces are uniformly distributed on the central surface of the choke lock shell, wherein the first interface is positioned at the upper part, the second interface and the third interface are positioned at the lower part, the distance between the second interface and the third interface is more than 0.2A, and the second interface is positioned at the left side of the third interface.
The invention is further improved in that the inner diameters of the inlet channel, the spent fuel ball channel and the available fuel ball channel are all A, the flow-resistant air lock turntable is a circular ring with the height of 1.4A and the outer diameter of less than C, the wall thickness of the circular ring meets the strength requirement of the flow-resistant air lock turntable, the flow-resistant air lock turntable does not deform in the rotating process, the outer surface of the flow-resistant air lock turntable is smooth, and the flow-resistant air lock turntable is in clearance fit with the inner surface of the flow-resistant air lock shell.
The invention is further improved in that the choke lock turntable is connected to the actuating mechanism capable of bidirectional action through a rotating shaft, the choke lock turntable rotates clockwise or anticlockwise under the drive of the rotating shaft, a positioning switch is arranged on the rotating shaft, the rotating position of the rotating shaft is judged, when the inlet channel is aligned with the first interface of the choke lock shell, the choke lock turntable is in a ball receiving position, when the spent fuel ball channel is aligned with the second interface of the choke lock shell, the choke lock turntable is in a spent fuel ball discharging position, and when the usable fuel ball channel is aligned with the third interface of the choke lock shell, the choke lock turntable is in a usable ball discharging position.
A method of loading and unloading a pebble-bed reactor fuel, the method being based on said pebble-bed reactor core unloading device, comprising the steps of:
After the system is started, when the lower stop lever moment switch is in an ON position and the upper stop lever extends out, the burnup measuring device detects burnup of the ball in the pipe so as to judge whether the ball belongs to the spent fuel ball or the ball which can be recycled;
If the ball is spent fuel ball, the choke lock turntable is in a ball receiving position, the lower stop lever is retracted, the ball falls into the inlet channel, the upper stop lever is at an ON position, the choke lock turntable rotates anticlockwise to a spent ball discharging position, the spent fuel ball is discharged, the spent ball is discharged and counted once, the lower stop lever extends, the choke lock turntable rotates back to the ball receiving position, the upper stop lever is retracted, one ball falls, the lower stop lever moment switch is at the ON position, and the upper stop lever extends;
If the ball is a usable fuel ball, and the choke lock turntable is in a ball receiving position, the lower stop lever is retracted, the ball falls into the inlet channel, at the moment, the upper stop lever is in an ON position, the choke lock turntable is rotated clockwise to a usable ball discharging position, the usable ball is discharged and counted once, the lower stop lever is extended, the choke lock turntable is rotated back to the ball receiving position, the upper stop lever is retracted, one ball falls, the lower stop lever moment switch is in the ON position, and the upper stop lever is extended;
If the choke lock turntable is not in the ball receiving position, the lower stop lever is forbidden to retract;
if the lower stop lever cannot be extended to the proper position in the extending process, the upper stop lever is forbidden to retract;
If the lower stop lever is in the retracted position and the upper stop lever extends and is in the OFF position, observing the ball falling condition through a high-definition camera in the broken ball collecting box, and if the broken ball is empty, starting an arch breaking device to break the bridge of the fuel ball until the upper stop lever is in the ON position;
When the fuel balls fall through the broken ball separating pipe, broken balls, dust and fragments fall into the broken ball collecting box, the quantity of the broken balls, the dust and the fragments is observed through a high-definition camera in the broken ball collecting box, and if the quantity of the broken balls, the dust and the fragments reaches a cleaning threshold value, the broken ball collecting box is cleaned.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following beneficial technical effects:
Compared with the prior commonly used equipment, the unloading device and the unloading method for the reactor core of the pebble-bed reactor provided by the invention have the following obvious advantages:
1) The reactor core unloading device and the broken ball separating device are propelled by gravity in a passive mode, so that fuel balls are not easy to damage, and dust and scraps are greatly reduced;
2) The arch breaking device adopts pulse airflow, so that fuel balls are not easy to damage;
3) The counter adopts a plurality of methods to jointly count, the counting is accurate, and the simultaneous counting of the total fuel ball, the spent fuel ball and the available fuel ball can be realized once;
4) The choke air lock is not affected by broken ball dust, is not easy to jam, and increases the running reliability of the system;
5) The choke and air lock has the functions of a choke, a positioning distributor and an isolation valve, the system equipment is reduced, the fault point is reduced, and the running stability of the system is improved;
6) The installation space of the equipment is greatly reduced, and the equipment is well arranged;
7) The system is stopped and overhauled for a small number of times, the running safety of the unit is improved, and the risk of personnel irradiation is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a pebble-bed reactor core discharge apparatus of the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1. Reactor, 2, cone-shaped blanking pipe, 3, broken ball separating pipe, 4, broken ball collecting box, 5, burnup measuring device, 6, inlet channel, 7, spent fuel ball channel, 8, spent fuel ball collecting port, 9, arch breaking device, 10, available fuel ball collecting port, 11, available fuel ball channel, 12, choke lock shell, 13, choke lock turntable, 14, lower stop lever, 15, upper stop lever.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other. The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.
As shown in figure 1, the invention provides a reactor core unloading device of a pebble-bed reactor, which comprises a reactor 1, a conical blanking pipe 2, a pebble separating pipe 3, a pebble collecting box 4, a burnup measuring device 5, a lower stop lever 14, an upper stop lever 15, a choke lock shell 12, a spent fuel ball collecting port 8, an arch breaking device 9, an available fuel ball collecting port 10, a choke lock turntable 13, an inlet channel 6, a spent fuel ball channel 7 and an available fuel ball channel 11, wherein a pebble flowing out of the reactor 1 enters the pebble separating pipe 3 through the conical blanking pipe 2, the pebbles fall into the pebble collecting box 4, and the pebble separating pipe 3 consists of a vertical inlet pipe section, an inclined pipe section with an inclination angle of 30-80 DEG and a vertical outlet pipe section; the lower stop lever 14 and the upper stop lever 15 are installed through the wall of the vertical outlet pipe of the broken ball separating pipe 3, the center distance between the lower stop lever 14 and the upper stop lever 15 is B, the burnup measuring device 5 is installed ON the opposite pipe outer wall between the lower stop lever 14 and the upper stop lever 15, can measure the burnup condition of the balls passing through the position and judge the burnup condition as usable fuel balls, spent fuel balls and graphite balls, the lower stop lever 14 and the upper stop lever 15 are provided with two positions of extension and retraction, when the lower stop lever 14 and the upper stop lever 15 are in the extension positions, the balls can be blocked from falling down, when the lower stop lever 14 and the upper stop lever 15 are in the retraction positions, the balls can be smoothly fallen down, when the lower stop lever 14 and the upper stop lever 15 are in the extension positions, the moment switch is in the ON position, the moment switch is in the OFF position when the upper stop lever 15 is free of balls, the contact positions of the lower stop lever 14 and the upper stop lever 15 are smooth, the hardness is smaller than the hardness of the balls, and the balls can not be damaged under any conditions; the choke lock shell 12 and the choke lock turntable 13 are assembled together to form a choke lock, the first interface inner diameter of the choke lock shell 12 is A, the choke lock shell is in sealing connection with a vertical outlet pipe of the broken ball separating pipe 3 in a flange or welding mode, the second interface inner diameter of the choke lock shell is A, the choke lock shell is in sealing connection with the spent fuel ball collecting port 8 in a flange or welding mode, the third interface inner diameter of the choke lock shell is A, and the choke lock shell is in sealing connection with the available fuel ball collecting port 10 in a flange or welding mode; the center of the choke lock turntable 13 is welded with a rotating shaft, 3 round holes with the diameter A are circumferentially formed in the center plane of the rotating shaft, the first round hole is a ball inlet hole and is in smooth transition connection with the inlet channel 6, the second round hole is a spent fuel ball outlet hole and is in smooth transition connection with the spent fuel ball guide rail 7, the third round hole is a usable fuel ball outlet hole and is in smooth transition connection with the usable fuel ball guide rail 11, the included angle between the inlet channel 6 and the spent fuel ball channel 7 is larger than 90 degrees and smaller than 120 degrees, and the included angle between the inlet channel 6 and the usable fuel ball channel 11 is larger than 90 degrees and smaller than 120 degrees; the broken ball separating tube 3, the broken ball collecting box 4, the lower stop lever 14 and the upper stop lever 15 are assembled together to form a ball control counter, and the ball control counter is arranged at the inlet of the choke lock.
The inner diameter of the inlet of the conical discharging pipe 2 is the same as the inner diameter of the outlet of the reactor 1, the inner diameter of the outlet of the conical discharging pipe 2 is the same as the inner diameter of the broken ball separating pipe 3, the values of A and A are 1.03 times to 1.3 times of the outer diameter B of the ball.
The lower part of the broken ball separating tube 3 is hollowed out, the hollowed-out part is polished smoothly, the hollowed-out gap is 0.9B, broken balls with the envelope diameter smaller than 0.9B fall into the broken ball collecting box 4 from the hollowed-out part, the upper part of the broken ball collecting box is connected with the lower part of the broken ball separating tube 3 through a flange or welding sealing connection, a high-definition infrared camera is arranged in the broken ball collecting box, and the ball falling condition and the amount of dust and broken balls in the broken ball collecting box 4 can be monitored through the hollowed-out part of the lower part of the broken ball separating tube 3. The three pipe sections of the broken ball separating pipe 3 are in smooth arc transition, the vertical inlet pipe section is in sealed connection with the outlet pipe section of the conical blanking pipe 2 through flanges or welding, the length of the vertical inlet pipe section is between 2B and 5B, the length of the inclined pipe section is between 4B and 8B, and the length of the vertical outlet pipe section is between 3B and 4B.
The choke lock housing 12 is a circular housing having an inner diameter C, which is 4B to 5B, and is mounted at an inclination angle of 30 ° to 90 °. The height of the choke lock housing 12 is 1.4A, the inner surface of the portion is required to be smooth, three interfaces of the choke lock housing are uniformly distributed on the center surface of the choke lock housing 12, wherein the first interface is located at the upper part, the second interface and the third interface are located at the lower part, the distance between the second interface and the third interface is greater than 0.2A, and the second interface is located at the left side of the third interface.
The arch breaking device 9 is arranged at the position of the conical blanking pipe 2 close to the outlet, and can generate high-pressure pulse helium, and the pulse impact force of the helium is utilized to eliminate bridging of the fuel balls in the conical blanking pipe 2.
The inner diameters of the inlet channel 6, the spent fuel ball channel 7 and the available fuel ball channel 11 are A, the choke lock turntable 13 is a ring with the height of 1.4A and the outer diameter of less than C, the wall thickness of the ring meets the strength requirement of the choke lock turntable 13, the choke lock turntable 13 does not deform in the rotating process, the outer surface of the choke lock turntable 13 is smooth, the choke lock turntable is in clearance fit with the inner surface of the choke lock shell 12, the choke lock turntable 13 can be ensured to freely rotate in the choke lock shell 12, and the sealing effect can be achieved.
The choke lock rotary table 13 is connected to an actuating mechanism capable of acting in two directions through a rotary shaft, the choke lock rotary table 13 rotates clockwise or anticlockwise under the drive of the rotary shaft, a positioning switch is arranged on the rotary shaft, the rotary position of the rotary shaft is judged, when the inlet channel 6 is aligned with a first interface of the choke lock shell 12, the choke lock rotary table 13 is in a ball receiving position, when the spent fuel ball channel 7 is aligned with a second interface of the choke lock shell 12, the choke lock rotary table 13 is in a spent fuel ball discharging position, and when the usable fuel ball channel 11 is aligned with a third interface of the choke lock shell 12, the choke lock rotary table 13 is in a usable ball discharging position.
Examples
The outer diameters of the fuel balls and the graphite balls in the high-temperature gas cooled reactor demonstration project are 60mm, and the inner diameters of the outlet of the conical blanking pipe and the rear ball conveying pipeline are 75mm, so that the ball flow can be ensured to be carried out singly, and the pipeline blockage caused by dust and debris can be reduced.
The length of the vertical pipe section at the upper part of the broken ball separating pipe is 150mm, and only 2 balls can be contained in the vertical direction, so that the static pressure of the balls at the lower part is reduced.
The oblique angle of the broken ball separating pipe is 75 degrees, the length of the oblique pipe is about 300mm, and the ball falling has certain power and the speed is not too high.
The lower part of the broken ball separating pipe is hollowed out, and the hollowed-out gap is 54mm, so that broken balls and dust with envelope diameters smaller than 54mm fall into a broken ball collecting box.
The broken ball collecting box is internally provided with a high-definition infrared camera, so that the ball flowing condition and the broken ball and dust condition of the broken ball collecting box can be observed through the hollowed-out gap.
The length of the vertical pipe section at the lower part of the broken ball separating pipe is 200mm, and only 3 balls can be accommodated in the vertical direction, so that the static pressure of the balls at the lower part, the lateral pressure of the upper baffle rod and the lower baffle rod are reduced.
When the down-link is extended, a ball can be blocked and pushed to the opposite side wall, so that the fuel consumption measurement is more accurate.
The upper gear lever is located exactly one ball away from the lower gear lever, and when the upper gear lever is extended, the upper gear lever is located exactly between the two balls, and the weight of the upper gear lever is borne by the lower gear lever, and when the lower gear lever is retracted, the lower gear lever falls down, and the weight of the upper gear lever is borne by the upper gear lever.
When the choke lock is at the ball receiving position, the two volleyball holes are shielded and sealed by the shell, so that the inlet atmosphere and the outlet atmosphere are isolated, and the purpose of choke lock is achieved. Because the ball flow channel of the choke air lock is through, even if dust, fragments and dust fall down, the space is large enough to absorb the dust, so that the falling ball is not lifted up and is blocked at the dynamic and static combination position.
After the fuel ball positioned at the burnup measuring position is burnt, judging whether the ball is discharged out of the system or continues to circulate in the system according to the burnup, and when the down rod is retracted, the fuel ball falls into the inlet channel. If the ball needs to be discharged out of the system, the rotary table rotates anticlockwise, the ball rolls from the inlet channel to the spent fuel ball channel, and in the anticlockwise rotation process of the rotary table, after the inlet is sealed by the shell, the spent fuel discharge port is communicated with the spent fuel ball channel, so that the isolation between the spent fuel system and the inlet atmosphere is achieved; if the ball needs to be continuously recycled in the system, the rotary table rotates clockwise, the ball rolls from the inlet channel to the available fuel ball channel, and in the clockwise rotation process of the rotary table, the available fuel discharge port is communicated with the available fuel ball channel after the inlet is sealed by the shell, so that the isolation of the spent fuel system and the inlet atmosphere is achieved.
In the running process of the system, the working condition of the system is judged through various information such as a high-definition infrared camera, moment switches of an upper gear lever and a lower gear lever, burnup measurement and the like, and the accurate counting of fuel balls is carried out.
The total height of the system is less than 2 meters (not including the conical discharging hopper), the system only has one rotating device, the manufacturing cost of the system is greatly reduced, the failure rate is greatly reduced, and the running cost is greatly reduced.
While the invention has been described in detail in the foregoing general description and with reference to specific embodiments thereof, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications and improvements can be made thereto. Accordingly, such modifications or improvements may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention and are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a sphere reactor core discharge apparatus, which is characterized in that, including reactor (1), taper unloading pipe (2), broken ball separator tube (3), broken ball collecting box (4), burn measuring device (5), lower pin (14), go up shelves pole (15), choked flow lock gas ware casing (12), spent fuel ball collecting port (8), broken arch device (9), usable fuel ball collecting port (10), choked flow lock gas ware carousel (13), entry passageway (6), spent fuel ball passageway (7) and usable fuel ball passageway (11), wherein the spheroid that flows from reactor (1) gets into broken ball separator tube (3) through taper unloading pipe (2), broken ball falls into in the broken ball collecting box (4), broken ball separator tube (3) are by perpendicular entry pipeline section, slope pipeline section and the perpendicular export pipeline section of inclination at 30 ° to 80 °.
The lower stop lever (14) and the upper stop lever (15) are arranged through the wall of the vertical outlet pipe of the broken ball separating pipe (3), the center distance between the lower stop lever (14) and the upper stop lever (15) is B, the fuel consumption measuring device (5) is arranged ON the opposite pipe outer wall between the lower stop lever (14) and the upper stop lever (15), the fuel consumption condition of the balls passing through the position can be measured, the balls can be judged to be usable fuel balls, spent fuel balls and graphite balls, the lower stop lever (14) and the upper stop lever (15) are provided with two positions of extension and retraction, the balls can be blocked from falling when the lower stop lever (14) and the upper stop lever (15) are provided with lateral moment switches when the balls are in the extension position, the moment switches are in the ON position when the balls are not arranged ON the moment switches, and the lower stop lever (14) and the upper stop lever (15) are in contact with the balls smoothly;
The choke lock shell (12) and the choke lock turntable (13) are assembled together to form a choke lock, the first interface inner diameter of the choke lock shell (12) is A, the choke lock shell is in sealing connection with a vertical outlet pipe of the broken ball separating pipe (3), the second interface inner diameter of the choke lock shell is A, the choke lock shell is in sealing connection with the spent fuel ball collecting port (8), and the third interface inner diameter of the choke lock shell is A, and the choke lock shell is in sealing connection with the available fuel ball collecting port (10);
The center of the choke lock turntable (13) is welded with a rotating shaft, 3 round holes with the diameter of A are circumferentially formed in the center plane of the rotating shaft, the first round hole is a ball inlet hole and is in smooth transition connection with the inlet channel (6), the second round hole is a spent fuel ball outlet hole and is in smooth transition connection with the spent fuel ball guide rail (7), the third round hole is a usable fuel ball outlet hole and is in smooth transition connection with the usable fuel ball guide rail (11), the included angle between the inlet channel (6) and the spent fuel ball channel (7) is larger than 90 degrees and smaller than 120 degrees, and the included angle between the inlet channel (6) and the usable fuel ball channel (11) is larger than 90 degrees and smaller than 120 degrees;
The broken ball separating tube (3), the broken ball collecting box (4), the lower stop lever (14) and the upper stop lever (15) are assembled together to form a ball control counter, and the ball control counter is arranged at the inlet of the choke lock.
2. The reactor core unloading device of the pebble-bed reactor according to claim 1, wherein the inner diameter of an inlet of the conical blanking pipe (2) is the same as the inner diameter of an outlet of the reactor (1), the inner diameter of the outlet of the conical blanking pipe (2) is the same as the inner diameter of the pebble-separating pipe (3), the values of A and A are 1.03 times to 1.3 times of the outer diameter B of the pebble.
3. The unloading device for the reactor core of the pebble-bed reactor according to claim 1, wherein the lower part of the pebble-crushing separating tube (3) is hollowed out, the hollowed-out part is polished smoothly, the hollowed-out gap is 0.9B, the pebbles with the envelope diameter smaller than 0.9B fall into the pebble-crushing collecting box (4) from the hollowed-out part, the upper part of the pebble-crushing collecting box is connected with the lower part of the pebble-crushing separating tube (3) in a sealing manner through a flange or welding, a high-definition infrared camera is arranged in the pebble-crushing collecting box, and the ball dropping state and the amount of dust and the pebbles in the pebble-crushing collecting box (4) can be monitored through the hollowed-out part of the lower part of the pebble-crushing separating tube (3).
4. The unloading device for the reactor core of the pebble-bed reactor according to claim 1, wherein the circular arcs among the three pipe sections of the pebble-broken separating pipe (3) are smoothly transited, the vertical inlet pipe section is in sealed connection with the outlet pipe section of the conical blanking pipe (2) through flanges or welding, the length of the vertical inlet pipe section is between 2B and 5B, the length of the inclined pipe section is between 4B and 8B, and the length of the vertical outlet pipe section is between 3B and 4B.
5. The reactor core discharge apparatus of claim 1 wherein the choke lock housing (12) is a circular housing having an inner diameter C, C being 4B to 5B, and being mounted at an angle of inclination of 30 ° to 90 °.
6. The unloading device for the reactor core of the pebble-bed reactor according to claim 1, wherein the arch breaking device (9) is arranged at the position, close to the outlet, of the conical blanking pipe (2) and can generate high-pressure pulse helium gas, and the pulse impact force of the helium gas is utilized to eliminate bridging of the fuel balls in the conical blanking pipe (2).
7. The device of claim 1, wherein the height of the choke lock housing (12) is 1.4A, the portion is required to have a smooth inner surface, the three ports are uniformly arranged on a center plane of the choke lock housing (12), the first port is located at an upper portion, the second and third ports are located at a lower portion, a distance between the second and third ports is greater than 0.2A, and the second port is located at a left side of the third port.
8. The reactor core unloading device of the pebble-bed reactor according to claim 1, wherein the inner diameters of the inlet channel (6), the spent fuel ball channel (7) and the available fuel ball channel (11) are all A, the choke lock turntable (13) is a circular ring with the height of 1.4A and the outer diameter of less than C, the wall thickness of the circular ring meets the strength requirement of the choke lock turntable (13), the choke lock turntable (13) is not deformed in the rotation process, the outer surface of the choke lock turntable (13) is smooth, and the choke lock turntable is in clearance fit with the inner surface of the choke lock shell (12).
9. The reactor core unloading device of the pebble-bed reactor according to claim 1, wherein the choke-flow air lock turntable (13) is connected to an actuating mechanism capable of bidirectional motion through a rotating shaft, the choke-flow air lock turntable (13) rotates clockwise or anticlockwise under the drive of the rotating shaft, a positioning switch is arranged on the rotating shaft to judge the rotating position of the rotating shaft, when the inlet channel (6) is aligned with the first interface of the choke-flow air lock shell (12), the choke-flow air lock turntable (13) is in a ball receiving position, when the spent fuel ball channel (7) is aligned with the second interface of the choke-flow air lock shell (12), the choke-flow air lock turntable (13) is in a spent ball discharging position, and when the available fuel ball channel (11) is aligned with the third interface of the choke-flow air lock shell (12).
10. A method of pebble bed reactor fuel loading and unloading, characterized in that it is based on a pebble bed reactor core unloading apparatus as defined in any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:
After the system is started, when the torque switch of the lower stop lever (14) is in an ON position and the upper stop lever (15) stretches out, the burnup measuring device (5) detects burnup of the ball in the pipe, so that whether the ball belongs to a spent fuel ball or a recyclable ball is judged;
If the ball is spent fuel ball, and the choke lock turntable (13) is at a ball receiving position, the lower stop lever (14) is retracted, the ball falls down into the inlet channel (6), at the moment, the upper stop lever (15) is at an ON position, the choke lock turntable (13) rotates anticlockwise to a spent fuel ball discharging position, the spent fuel ball is discharged and counted once, the lower stop lever (14) extends, the choke lock turntable (13) rotates back to the ball receiving position, the upper stop lever (15) is retracted, one ball falls down, the moment switch of the lower stop lever (14) is at the ON position, and the upper stop lever (15) extends;
If the ball is a usable fuel ball, and the choke lock turntable (13) is in a ball receiving position, the lower stop lever (14) is retracted, the ball falls down into the inlet channel (6), at the moment, the upper stop lever (15) is in an ON position, the choke lock turntable (13) is rotated clockwise to a usable ball discharging position, the usable ball is discharged, the usable ball discharging count is carried out once, the lower stop lever (14) is extended, the choke lock turntable (13) is rotated back to the ball receiving position, the upper stop lever (15) is retracted, one ball falls down, the moment switch of the lower stop lever (14) is in an ON position, and the upper stop lever (15) is extended;
if the choke lock turntable (13) is not in the ball receiving position, the lower stop lever (14) is forbidden to retract;
if the lower stop lever (14) cannot be extended to the proper position in the extending process, the upper stop lever (15) is forbidden to retract;
If the lower stop lever (14) is in a retracted position and the upper stop lever (15) extends and is in an OFF position, observing the ball falling condition through a high-definition camera in the broken ball collecting box (4), and if the broken ball is empty, starting the arch breaking device (9) to break the bridge of the fuel ball until the upper stop lever (15) is in an ON position;
In the falling process of the fuel balls, when the fuel balls pass through the broken ball separating pipe (3), broken balls, dust and fragments fall into the broken ball collecting box (4), the quantity of the broken balls, the dust and the fragments is observed through a high-definition camera in the broken ball collecting box (4), and if the quantity of the broken balls, the dust and the fragments reaches a clearing threshold value, the broken ball collecting box (4) is cleared.
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