CN216483238U

CN216483238U - Intelligent detection system for shaft workpieces

Info

Publication number: CN216483238U
Application number: CN202123362771.XU
Authority: CN
Inventors: 计时鸣; 李超
Original assignee: Zhejiang Yunming Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Zhejiang Yunming Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-12-28
Filing date: 2021-12-28
Publication date: 2022-05-10
Anticipated expiration: 2031-12-28

Abstract

The utility model provides an axle type work piece intellectual detection system belongs to mechanical technical field. It has solved the problem that current step shaft detection degree of automation is low. This axle type work piece intellectual detection system, detecting system include the carousel, center on the axle type surface defect visual detection device that can detect the stepped shaft surface defect condition that the carousel set up and the stepped shaft axiality detection device that can detect the axiality condition of stepped shaft, connect manipulator and the rotating electrical machines in carousel upside eccentric position department, the rotating electrical machines can drive carousel circumferential direction. This axle type work piece intelligent detection system has the advantage that degree of automation is high.

Description

Shaft workpiece intelligent detection system

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of machinery, a axle type work piece intellectual detection system is related to.

Background

The shaft parts are widely applied to the fields of engineering machinery, hydropneumatic, automobile manufacturing and the like, and in order to ensure that relevant equipment has good working efficiency, safety and reliability, the shaft parts are generally subjected to processes of machining, chromium plating, polishing and the like, so that the shaft parts are ensured to meet requirements. However, due to the influence of raw materials, impurities, electroplating and the like, the surface of the shaft part treated by the process has the defects of scratch, bump damage, vacuum and the like, and the product quality is influenced.

The stepped shaft is one of shaft parts, and usually comprises a plurality of steps, namely, a plurality of sections of parts with different diameters, and is usually used for supporting transmission parts and transmitting torque or motion. When machining a stepped shaft part, not only the size and surface roughness marked on a pattern are ensured and whether surface defects exist or not is determined, but also the coaxiality requirement of the part is paid attention to so as to ensure the uniformity of the mass distribution of the stepped shaft as a revolving body, which is related to whether the stepped shaft part can provide good revolving accuracy or not, and is often the important factor among a plurality of detection elements.

At present, most of methods for detecting surface defects and coaxiality of stepped shafts are manually matched with various devices to carry out detection one by one, namely, the surface defect condition of the stepped shafts needs to be detected manually by the devices firstly, after a result is confirmed, the detected stepped shafts are sent to the devices for detecting the coaxiality, then the coaxiality of the stepped shafts is detected by manually matching the corresponding devices, and finally, a detection result is given. Whole detection device is bulky, carries inconveniently, and all needs artifical the participation to carry and detect, and degree of automation is low, and detection efficiency is low, and the cost of labor is higher.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims at the above-mentioned problem that prior art exists, provide an axle type work piece intellectual detection system, solved the problem that current step shaft detection degree of automation is low.

The purpose of the utility model can be realized by the following technical proposal:

axle type work piece intellectual detection system, its characterized in that, detecting system include the carousel, center on the axle type surface defect visual detection device that can detect the stepped shaft surface defect condition that the carousel set up and the stepped shaft axiality detection device that can detect the axiality condition of stepped shaft, connect manipulator and the rotating electrical machines in carousel upside eccentric position department, the rotating electrical machines can drive carousel circumferential direction.

This axle type work piece intelligent detection system when using, can with last work or material rest, unloading frame and axle type surface defect visual detection device, step shaft axiality detection device set up around the carousel in proper order according to the precedence, drive the carousel circumferential direction through the rotating electrical machines and drive the manipulator on the carousel and remove to corresponding position and snatch the work piece and drive to next station, realize the automatic transport and the detection of work piece, improve degree of automation, improve detection efficiency.

In the above-mentioned shaft workpiece intelligent detection system, the shaft surface defect visual detection device comprises a light source and a placing rack arranged on a workbench, the top of the placing frame is provided with a placing opening for horizontally placing the shaft workpieces, the detection device also comprises two linear guide rails, a light source frame with the top part used for connecting a light source, a camera frame and a camera connected to the top of the camera frame, the two linear guide rails are fixed on the workbench in parallel, the light source frame and the camera frame are connected to the two linear guide rails in a sliding mode, the light source frame and the camera frame are located on the two sides of the placing frame respectively, the light source and the camera are fixed to one sides, facing the placing frame, of the light source frame and the camera frame respectively, the detection device further comprises an image processing unit and a display, the image processing unit can receive pictures shot by the camera and conduct defect analysis, and the display can display analysis results of the image processing unit.

When the visual detection device for the shaft type surface defects is used, shaft type workpieces are horizontally placed in a placing opening of a placing frame, the workpieces are illuminated by a light source at the top of a light source frame, a camera on the camera frame shoots pictures of the surfaces of the shaft type workpieces and sends the pictures to an image processing unit for defect analysis, whether the surfaces of the workpieces have defects or not is judged, and results are displayed through a display. Compared with manual identification, the labor intensity is reduced, and the identification efficiency is greatly improved. Here, it is a prior art that the image processing unit performs the analysis of the picture for the defect. According to the difference of environment and work piece, still can move light source frame and camera frame along linear guide to obtain more suitable shooting and illuminating effect, guarantee the validity of detection effect. And all connect light source frame and camera frame on two linear guide for only can change the relative distance between the two during adjustment, can not change camera and light source in the position on the perpendicular to linear guide direction, it is more convenient to adjust.

In the above-mentioned shaft type work piece intelligent detection system, the light source is coaxial light source and is rectangular form, and the length direction of light source is unanimous with the axial of work piece mutually, the camera orientation place mouthful upside and set up. The coaxial light source can provide more uniform illumination than the traditional light source, and further provides better shooting effect.

In the above shaft workpiece intelligent detection system, the light source and the camera are respectively connected to the light source frame and the camera frame through a three-axis adjustable support.

In foretell axle type work piece intelligent detection system, light source frame and camera frame all are the U type and the opening sets up down, two lower extremes of light source frame and camera frame are connected respectively on two above-mentioned linear guide, light source frame and camera frame top all have the spout that the level was seted up towards one side of rack, light source and camera can be respectively along two spout round trip movement.

In foretell axle type work piece intelligent detection system, it includes four drive support to place the support, and four two liang of a set of adjacent settings of drive support, two sets of drive support's distribution direction is mutually perpendicular with linear guide's extending direction, four all rotationally be connected with the drive wheel on the drive support, form the above-mentioned mouth of placing that can supply the work piece to place between two adjacent drive wheels, at least one the drive wheel passes through synchronizing wheel and hold-in range and is connected with a rotating motor transmission.

In the above shaft workpiece intelligent detection system, the driving support is further connected with a tension pulley, and the synchronous belt is arranged around the tension pulley.

In foretell axle type work piece intelligent detection system, be fixed with two parallel arrangement's axial guide on the workstation, two the extending direction of axial guide is mutually perpendicular with linear guide's extending direction, is connected with two slip tables on two axial guide slidable, and two sets of drive support are connected respectively at two slip table upsides.

In the above-mentioned axle type work piece intelligent detection system, two all seted up long banding adjustment tank on the slip table, every group one of the drive support connects on the slip table through the fastener that passes the adjustment tank, still be connected with on the slip table and drive the drive support and be close to or keep away from another adjacent drive support's adjustment motor along the adjustment tank.

In foretell axle type work piece intelligent detecting system, step shaft axiality detection device includes the support body, can gather micrometer, the drive structure and the vertical fixing of step shaft data two support cylinder on the support body, two the piston rod that supports the cylinder all upwards stretches out and the piston rod outer end all is connected with the shaft pad, two the top of shaft pad has the spacing mouth that can supply the step shaft level to place, the drive structure can drive micrometer removes along the axial and vertical direction of step shaft, and detection device still includes and can receive the data that micrometer gathered and calculate the computational element that compares and can carry out the display element that shows with the comparison result of computational element.

This step shaft axiality detection device is when using, and the step shaft level that will wait to detect is placed in the spacing mouth of two shaft pads, removes to step shaft department by drive structure drive micrometer, through the mode of drive micrometer along vertical direction and the axial displacement along the step shaft, makes the micrometer can gather the cross section data of each position of step shaft through continuous scanning, and here, the micrometer is current detection product, the external diameter of detectable step shaft, difference in height isoparametric. The acquired data of the stepped shaft are sent to a calculating unit, the calculating unit calculates the axis position of each section of the stepped shaft, the axis positions of different sections are compared, and then the coaxiality error between different sections is judged and sent to a display unit for displaying. The whole detection process is high in automation degree and low in labor intensity, and the detection efficiency is improved.

In the above-mentioned shaft workpiece intelligent detection system, the limit port is a V-shaped port.

In the above shaft workpiece intelligent detection system, the shaft pad is made of rubber material. The rubber material is used for preventing the stepped shaft surface from being scratched by abrasion.

In foretell axle type work piece intelligent detection system, drive structure includes that the level is fixed horizontal slide rail on the support body, connect horizontal slip table on horizontal slide rail, can drive horizontal slip table along horizontal slide rail round trip movement's horizontal driving piece, vertical driving piece of fixing on horizontal slip table and connect the fixed plate at the output of vertical driving piece, micrometer connects on the fixed plate.

In the above-mentioned shaft workpiece intelligent detection system, the shaft pad is detachably connected to the outer end of the piston rod of the support cylinder. Aiming at different stepped shafts, different shaft pads can be replaced to better ensure the horizontal degree of the stepped shafts, and the detection precision is improved.

In foretell axle type work piece intelligent detecting system, the cushion includes the base that links firmly in the piston rod outer end and sets up in the adjusting pad of base upside, the base top has the protrusion to be long banding sand grip, the downside of adjusting pad has the recess and is long banding recess, the sand grip card is gone into in the recess, spacing mouthful is located the top of adjusting pad, the connecting hole has been seted up along vertical direction through on the adjusting pad, the adjusting pad can be dismantled with the base through the fastener that passes the connecting hole and be connected, the upper end of fastener is located in the connecting hole.

Compared with the prior art, the intelligent detection system for the shaft workpieces can realize automatic detection of surface defects of the stepped shaft and automatic detection of coaxiality, can realize automatic feeding and discharging by matching with the mechanical arm and the rotary table, is high in automation degree, does not need manual participation, and improves detection efficiency.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a work flow block diagram of an intelligent detection system for workpieces of the axis type.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a visual inspection device for shaft surface defects.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the rack.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a triaxial adjustable mount.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the stepped shaft coaxiality detection apparatus.

In the figure, 1, a light source; 2. placing a rack; 3. a linear guide rail; 4. a light source frame; 5. a camera frame; 6. a camera; 7. a work table; 8. an image processing unit; 9. a display; 10. a three-axis adjustable support; 11. a drive bracket; 12. a drive wheel; 13. rotating the motor; 14. a synchronizing wheel; 15. a synchronous belt; 16. a tension wheel; 17. an axial guide rail; 18. a sliding table; 19. an adjustment groove; 20. adjusting the motor; 101. a frame body; 102. a micrometer; 103. a support cylinder; 104. a shaft pad; 105. a calculation unit; 106. a display unit; 107. a horizontal slide rail; 108. a horizontal sliding table; 109. a horizontal drive member; 110. a vertical drive; 111. and (7) fixing the plate.

Detailed Description

The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings are used to further describe the technical solution of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

Example one

As shown in figure 1, the intelligent detection system for the shaft workpieces comprises a turntable, a shaft surface defect visual detection device and a stepped shaft coaxiality detection device, wherein the shaft surface defect visual detection device and the stepped shaft coaxiality detection device are arranged around the turntable and can detect the condition of the surface defect of the stepped shaft, a manipulator and a rotating motor are connected to the eccentric position of the upper side of the turntable, and the rotating motor can drive the turntable to rotate in the circumferential direction. In order to improve the positioning accuracy of the rotating disc after rotation, infrared sensors can be arranged at the outer side of the rotating disc, corresponding positions of the shaft surface defect visual detection device and the stepped shaft coaxiality detection device, wherein a receiver is arranged at the outer side of the rotating disc, a transmitter is arranged between the outer side of the rotating disc and the stepped shaft coaxiality detection device, when the rotating disc rotates to the position of the infrared sensors to be right opposite, the infrared receivers send signals to a controller, and the controller controls the rotating motor to position and controls the mechanical arm to perform corresponding feeding actions.

When the intelligent detection system for the shaft workpieces is used, the feeding frame, the discharging frame, the shaft surface defect visual detection device and the stepped shaft coaxiality detection device can be sequentially arranged around the rotary table according to the sequence, the rotary motor drives the rotary table to rotate circumferentially to drive the mechanical arm on the rotary table to move to a corresponding position to grab the workpieces and drive the workpieces to a next station, and automatic conveying and detection of the workpieces are achieved.

As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, the visual inspection device for surface defects of shafts is arranged on a workbench 7, and comprises two parallel linear guide rails 3 fixed on the workbench 7, a light source frame 4 with a light source 1 connected to the top, a camera frame 5 with a camera 6 connected to the top, and a placing frame 2 with a placing opening for placing the shaft workpieces horizontally arranged on the top of the workbench 7.

Wherein, light source frame 4 and camera frame 5 all are the U type and the opening sets up down, and two lower extremes of light source frame 4 and camera frame 5 are connected respectively on two linear guide 3 and light source frame 4 and camera frame 5 can be along linear guide 3 round trip movement. The light source frame 4 and the camera frame 5 are respectively located on two sides of the placing frame 2, sliding grooves which are horizontally formed in the tops of the light source frame 4 and the camera frame 5 towards one side of the placing frame 2 are respectively provided, and the light source 1 and the camera 6 are slidably connected to the two sliding grooves through a three-axis adjustable support 10 and can respectively move back and forth along the two sliding grooves. In this embodiment, the light source 1 is a coaxial light source and has a long strip shape, the length direction of the light source 1 is consistent with the axial direction of the workpiece, and the lens of the camera 6 is arranged towards the upper side of the placing opening.

The detection device also comprises an image processing unit 8 which can receive pictures taken by the camera 6 and carry out defect analysis, and a display 9 which can display the analysis result of the image processing unit 8. In this embodiment, the image transmission between the image processing unit 8 and the camera 6 may be a wired transmission method or a wireless transmission method, and the image processing unit 8 and the display 9 may specifically be a computer host and a display screen connected to the computer host.

Two axial guide rails 17 which are arranged in parallel are further fixed on the workbench 7, the extending directions of the two axial guide rails 17 are perpendicular to the extending direction of the linear guide rail 3, two sliding tables 18 are connected to the two axial guide rails 17 in a sliding mode, and namely each sliding table 18 is connected to the two axial guide rails 17.

The placing support comprises four driving supports 11, the four driving supports 11 are arranged in a pairwise adjacent mode, and the two groups of driving supports 11 are connected to the upper sides of the two sliding tables 18 respectively, and the distribution directions of the two groups of driving supports 11 are perpendicular to the extending direction of the linear guide rail 3. The four driving brackets 11 are rotatably connected with driving wheels 12, the placing openings for placing the workpieces are formed between every two adjacent driving wheels 12, and one driving wheel 12 is in transmission connection with a rotating motor 13 through a synchronizing wheel 14 and a synchronizing belt 15. In the present embodiment, a tension pulley 16 is rotatably connected to the drive bracket 11, and the timing belt 15 is provided around the tension pulley 16.

The two sliding tables 18 are respectively provided with a long strip-shaped adjusting groove 19, the length direction of the two adjusting grooves 19 is consistent with that of the linear guide rail 3, one driving support 11 in each group of driving supports 11 is connected to the sliding table 18 through two fasteners penetrating through the adjusting grooves 19, and the sliding table 18 is further connected with an adjusting motor 20 capable of driving the driving support 11 to be close to or far away from another adjacent driving support 11 along the adjusting grooves 19.

When the visual detection device for the shaft surface defects is used, shaft workpieces are horizontally placed in a placing opening of a placing frame 2 and abut against four driving wheels 12, the upper side face of each workpiece is illuminated by a light source 1 at the top of a light source frame 4, a camera 6 on a camera frame 5 shoots pictures of the surfaces of the shaft workpieces and sends the pictures to an image processing unit 8 for defect analysis, whether the surfaces of the workpieces have defects or not is judged, and the results are displayed through a display 9. Meanwhile, the rotating motor 13 drives the driving wheel 12 to rotate, so as to drive the workpiece to rotate, and the camera 6 can shoot pictures of the workpiece at various angles.

The light source frame 4 and the camera frame 5 may also be moved along the linear guide 3 according to the environment and the workpiece, thereby obtaining more appropriate photographing and lighting effects. The position of the camera 6 relative to the camera frame 5 and the position of the light source 1 are adjusted by the three-axis adjustable bracket 10 and the slide groove. The sliding table 18 is pushed manually to move along the axial guide rail 17 to meet the testing requirements of workpieces with different lengths, and the distance between two drives in each group of driving supports 11 is adjusted through the adjusting motor 20 to meet the testing requirements of workpieces with different diameters.

Here, the three-axis adjustable bracket 10 is a conventional fitting, and particularly, see fig. 4, and is composed of four fittings, two adjacent fittings are connected through two fastening members, one of the two fastening members is used for fixing the two fittings, and the other one of the two fastening members is matched with an arc groove on the fitting to realize relative rotation between the two fittings.

As shown in fig. 5, the device for detecting coaxiality of a stepped shaft comprises a frame body 101, a driving structure connected to the frame body 101, a micrometer 102 capable of acquiring data of the stepped shaft, two supporting cylinders 103 vertically fixed on the frame body 101, a calculating unit 105 and a display unit 106. In the present embodiment, the computing unit 105 is a computer host, and the display unit 106 is a display screen.

Wherein, the piston rod of two support cylinders 103 all upwards stretches out and the piston rod outer end all is connected with the axle pad 104 that rubber materials made, and the top of two axle pads 104 has the spacing mouth that can supply the step shaft horizontal level to put into the V type mouth. In order to expand the range of applicable stepped shafts, the detachable shaft pad 104 may be detached and replaced with a different shaft pad 104 to support a different stepped shaft in the face of a stepped shaft having a different diameter.

The driving structure comprises a horizontal sliding rail 107 horizontally fixed on the frame body 101, a horizontal sliding table 108 connected to the horizontal sliding rail 107, a horizontal driving element 109 capable of driving the horizontal sliding table 108 to move back and forth along the horizontal sliding rail 107, a vertical driving element 110 vertically fixed on the horizontal sliding table 108, and a fixing plate 111 connected to the output end of the vertical driving element 110, wherein the micrometer 102 is fixed on the fixing plate 111. In this embodiment, the horizontal driving element 109 is a motor, which is engaged with the horizontal sliding table 108 through a screw rod to drive the horizontal sliding table 108 to move horizontally; the vertical drive 110 is an electric cylinder.

This step shaft axiality detection device is when using, and the step shaft level that will wait to detect is placed in the spacing mouth of two axle pads 104, is supported the step shaft by the both sides face of V type mouth, is close to the step shaft by drive structure drive micrometer 102, through the mode that drive micrometer 102 followed vertical direction and along the axial displacement of step shaft, makes micrometer 102 can gather the cross section data of each position of step shaft through continuous scanning. The acquired stepped shaft data is sent to the calculation unit 105, the calculation unit 105 calculates the axis position of each shaft section with different diameters on the stepped shaft, compares the axis positions of different shaft sections, judges the coaxiality error between different shaft sections, and sends the coaxiality error to the display unit 106 for displaying. Here, the processing procedure of calculating and comparing the axis position of each shaft segment by using the parameters such as the diameter of the stepped shaft collected by the micrometer 102 can be completed by the existing software, and does not involve software innovation.

Example two

The technical solution of the present embodiment is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment, except that: the shaft pad 104 includes the base that links firmly in the piston rod outer end and sets up in the adjusting pad of base upside, and the base top has the protrusion to be long banding sand grip, and the downside of adjusting pad has the recess and is long banding recess, and the sand grip corresponds in the card income recess, and spacing mouthful is located the top of adjusting pad, and the adjusting pad runs through along vertical direction and has seted up the connecting hole, and the adjusting pad can be dismantled with the base through the fastener that passes the connecting hole and be connected, and the upper end of fastener is located the connecting hole. In this embodiment, a nut is fixed on the upper side of the base, and the fastening member is a bolt and is in threaded connection with the nut of the base.

The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications, additions and substitutions for the specific embodiments described herein may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention or exceeding the scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims.

Claims

1. Axle type work piece intellectual detection system, its characterized in that, detecting system include the carousel, center on the axle type surface defect visual detection device that can detect the stepped shaft surface defect condition that the carousel set up and the stepped shaft axiality detection device that can detect the axiality condition of stepped shaft, connect manipulator and the rotating electrical machines in carousel upside eccentric position department, the rotating electrical machines can drive carousel circumferential direction.

2. The shaft workpiece intelligent detection system according to claim 1, wherein the shaft workpiece visual detection device comprises a light source (1) and a placement frame (2) arranged on a workbench (7), the top of the placement frame (2) is provided with a placement opening for horizontal placement of the shaft workpiece, the detection device further comprises two linear guide rails (3), a light source frame (4) with the top used for connecting the light source (1), a camera frame (5) and a camera (6) connected to the top of the camera frame (5), the two linear guide rails (3) are fixed on the workbench (7) in parallel, the light source frame (4) and the camera frame (5) are both slidably connected to the two linear guide rails (3), the light source frame (4) and the camera frame (5) are respectively located on two sides of the placement frame (2), and the light source (1) and the camera (6) are respectively fixed to the light source frame (4) and the camera frame (5) towards the placement frame (7) (2) The detection device also comprises an image processing unit (8) which can receive the pictures shot by the camera (6) and analyze the defects, and a display (9) which can display the analysis result of the image processing unit (8).

3. The shaft workpiece intelligent detection system according to claim 2, wherein the light source (1) is a coaxial light source and is in an elongated shape, the length direction of the light source (1) is consistent with the axial direction of the workpiece, and the camera (6) is arranged towards the upper side of the placing opening.

4. Shaft workpiece intelligent detection system according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the light source (1) and the camera (6) are connected to the light source frame (4) and the camera frame (5) respectively by a three-axis adjustable support (10).

5. The shaft workpiece intelligent detection system according to claim 4, wherein the light source frame (4) and the camera frame (5) are both U-shaped and have downward openings, two lower ends of the light source frame (4) and the camera frame (5) are respectively connected to the two linear guide rails (3), one sides of the tops of the light source frame (4) and the camera frame (5) facing the placement frame (2) are respectively provided with a horizontally-arranged chute, and the light source (1) and the camera (6) can respectively move back and forth along the two chutes.

6. The shaft workpiece intelligent detection system according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the placing rack comprises four driving supports (11), two driving supports (11) are adjacently arranged, the distribution direction of the two driving supports (11) is perpendicular to the extension direction of the linear guide rail (3), the four driving supports (11) are rotatably connected with driving wheels (12), a placing opening for placing a workpiece is formed between every two adjacent driving wheels (12), and at least one driving wheel (12) is in transmission connection with a rotating motor (13) through a synchronizing wheel (14) and a synchronizing belt (15).

7. The shaft workpiece intelligent detection system according to claim 6, wherein a tension pulley (16) is further connected to the driving bracket (11), and the synchronous belt (15) is disposed around the tension pulley (16).

8. The shaft workpiece intelligent detection system according to claim 6, wherein two axial guide rails (17) arranged in parallel are fixed on the workbench (7), the extending direction of the two axial guide rails (17) is perpendicular to the extending direction of the linear guide rail (3), the two axial guide rails (17) are slidably connected with two sliding tables (18), and the two sets of driving supports (11) are respectively connected to the upper sides of the two sliding tables (18).

9. The shaft workpiece intelligent detection system according to claim 8, wherein each of the two sliding tables (18) is provided with an elongated adjustment groove (19), one drive bracket (11) of each set of drive brackets (11) is connected to the sliding table (18) through a fastener passing through the adjustment groove (19), and the sliding table (18) is further connected with an adjustment motor (20) capable of driving the drive bracket (11) to approach or leave the other adjacent drive bracket (11) along the adjustment groove (19).

10. The shaft workpiece intelligent detection system according to claim 1, wherein the stepped shaft coaxiality detection device comprises a frame body (101), a micrometer (102) capable of acquiring stepped shaft data, a driving structure and two supporting cylinders (103) vertically fixed on the frame body (101), piston rods of the two supporting cylinders (103) extend upwards, the outer ends of the piston rods are connected with shaft pads (104), the tops of the two shaft pads (104) are provided with limiting ports for the stepped shaft to be horizontally placed, the drive structure can drive the micrometer (102) to move along the axial direction and the vertical direction of the stepped shaft, and the detection device further comprises a calculation unit (105) and a display unit (106), wherein the calculation unit (105) can receive data collected by the micrometer (102) and perform calculation and comparison, and the display unit (106) can display comparison results of the calculation unit (105).