Ion filtering device of fuel cell engine and water heat management system
The priority of the chinese patent application having the patent number 202020964394.3 and the title "an ion filtration device for a fuel cell engine and a hydrothermal management system" filed at 29/05/2020, is claimed in the present application, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to an ion filtering device of a fuel cell engine and a hydrothermal management system.
Background
The fuel cell engine coolant may contain Al3+、Fe3+、Cu2+、SiO3 2-And the ionic conductivity of the cooling liquid is a decisive factor influencing the insulation resistance. Currently, in the research of fuel cell engine water heat management systems, for exampleThere is a great concern as to which ionic conductivity is reduced.
In the design of the existing hydrothermal management system, only the ion filter can be replaced after the ion exchange resin in the ion filter is saturated. On one hand, when the engine is replaced, the cooling liquid in the engine needs to be completely discharged, time and labor are wasted, and certain pollution and waste are caused to the cooling liquid due to improper operation; on the other hand, the ion filter is installed in the heat dissipation branch road, and its during operation need the adjustment valve for work efficiency is lower, if when weather is cold and ion concentration is higher, directly start the engine, just there is very big potential safety hazard.
In summary, how to solve the problems of inconvenience in ion filter replacement and potential safety hazard in the thermal management system of the fuel cell engine has become a technical problem to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to provide an ion filtering device of a fuel cell engine and a hydrothermal management system, and aims to solve the problems of inconvenience in replacement and potential safety hazard of an ion filter in the thermal management system of the fuel cell engine.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an ion filtering device of a fuel cell engine, which is disposed on a coolant supply line of the engine, and includes a water tank and an ion filter; the bottom of the ion filter is communicated with the bottom end face of the water tank through a first pipeline, the upper end of the ion filter is communicated with the side tank wall of the water tank through a second pipeline, a water outlet is further formed in the bottom end face of the water tank, a water filling port is formed in the top of the water tank, and the water outlet is connected to the cooling liquid supply pipeline and located on the upstream of the water pump; the working liquid level of the water tank is always higher than the top surface of the ion filter and the connecting position of the side tank wall of the water tank and the second pipeline.
Preferably, a valve is arranged on each of the first pipeline and the second pipeline.
Preferably, the water tank is further provided with an exhaust pipe orifice, and the exhaust pipe orifice is connected to the cooling liquid supply pipeline and located at the downstream of the water pump.
Preferably, the air outlet pipe orifice is located on the bottom end face of the water tank.
Preferably, the bottom of the ion filter is further provided with a drain pipe, and the drain pipe is provided with a drain valve.
Preferably, the drain pipe is integrated on the first pipe by a three-way valve.
Preferably, a porous cathode plate and a porous anode plate connected with a high-voltage direct-current power supply are respectively arranged at the upper end position and the lower end position in the ion filter, and the ion exchange resin of the ion filter is positioned between the porous cathode plate and the porous anode plate.
Preferably, the high-voltage direct-current power supply is a galvanic pile connected with a DC/DC converter in parallel.
In contrast to the introduction of the background art, the ion filtering device of the fuel cell engine described above, which is disposed on the coolant supply line of the engine, includes a water tank and an ion filter; the bottom of the ion filter is communicated with the bottom end face of the water tank through a first pipeline, the upper end of the ion filter is communicated with the side tank wall of the water tank through a second pipeline, a water outlet is further formed in the bottom end face of the water tank, a water filling port is formed in the top of the water tank, and the water outlet is connected to the cooling liquid supply pipeline and located on the upstream of the water pump; the working liquid level of the water tank is always higher than the top surface of the ion filter and the connecting position of the side tank wall of the water tank and the second pipeline. In the actual working process of the ion filtering device, after an engine system is successfully started, a water pump starts to run, water in a water tank is pumped away by the water pump through a water outlet under the driving of the water pump, water in the water tank moves downwards, at the moment, the pressure of fluid on the end surface of the bottom of the water tank on fluid in a first pipeline is greater than that of the fluid in a second pipeline, a larger pressure difference can be formed under the action of the water pump, cooling liquid flows through an ion filter from bottom to top to remove impurity ions, the purpose of reducing the ion concentration is achieved, the ion filter works as long as the engine runs, a circulating pipeline does not need to be adjusted, the ion concentration is always kept in the required requirement, and the potential safety hazard caused by unqualified ion concentration is eliminated; in addition, because the ion filter is connected with the water tank through the first pipeline and the second pipeline, when the ion filter is disassembled and replaced, the valve body on the first pipeline and the second pipeline is closed without stopping and discharging cooling liquid in the water tank and the whole cooling liquid supply pipeline, or the first pipeline and the second pipeline are plugged by temporary plugs to disassemble and replace the ion filter, so that the convenience of replacing the ion filter in a heat management system of the fuel cell engine is greatly improved.
In addition, the utility model also provides a water heat management system of the fuel cell engine, which comprises a cooling liquid supply pipeline, wherein an ion filtering device is arranged on the cooling supply pipeline, and the ion filtering device is the ion filtering device described in any scheme. Since the ion filtering device has the above technical effects, the hydrothermal management system having the ion filtering device also has corresponding technical effects, which are not described herein again.
Preferably, a water pump, a particle filter, a temperature regulator and a temperature sensor are connected in series on a cooling liquid supply pipeline between a water tank and the electric pile of the ion filtering device in sequence.
Preferably, the temperature regulator comprises a heater and a radiator which are arranged in parallel and are singly started to work, and when the detected temperature of the temperature sensor exceeds a preset upper temperature limit, the radiator is started to work; and when the detection temperature of the temperature sensor is lower than the preset lower temperature limit, the heater is started to work.
Preferably, the coolant supply pipeline is further provided with an ion concentration sensor and a pressure sensor corresponding to a coolant inlet of the galvanic pile.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an ion filtering apparatus of a fuel cell engine according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an internal structure of an ion filter according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a water heat management system of a fuel cell engine according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the above figures 1-3 of the drawings,
the device comprises a water tank 1, an ion filter 2, a first pipeline 3, a second pipeline 4, a water outlet 5, a water filling port 6, a water pump 7, a valve 8, an exhaust pipe port 9, a drain pipe 10, a drain valve 11, a three-way valve 12, a porous cathode plate 13, a porous anode plate 14, ion exchange resin 15, a DC/DC converter 16, a galvanic pile 17, a particle filter 18, a temperature regulator 19, a heater 19a, a radiator 19b, a temperature sensor 20, an ion concentration sensor 21 and a pressure sensor 22.
Detailed Description
The core of the utility model is to provide an ion filtering device and a hydrothermal management system of a fuel cell engine, so as to solve the problems of inconvenient replacement of an ion filter and potential safety hazard in the thermal management system of the fuel cell engine.
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions provided by the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, an ion filter device for a fuel cell engine according to an embodiment of the present invention is disposed in a coolant supply line of the engine, and includes a water tank 1 and an ion filter 2; the bottom of the ion filter 2 is communicated with the bottom end face of the water tank 1 through a first pipeline 3, the upper end of the ion filter 2 is communicated with the side tank wall of the water tank 1 through a second pipeline 4, a water outlet 5 is further arranged on the bottom end face of the water tank 1, a water filling port 6 is arranged at the top of the water tank 1, and the water outlet 5 is connected to a cooling liquid supply pipeline and is positioned at the upstream of the water pump 7; the working liquid level of the water tank 1 is always higher than the top surface of the ion filter 2 and the connecting position of the side tank wall of the water tank 1 and the second pipeline 4.
In the actual working process of the ion filtering device, after an engine system is successfully started, a water pump starts to run, water in a water tank is pumped away by the water pump through a water outlet under the driving of the water pump, water in the water tank moves downwards, at the moment, the pressure of fluid on the end surface of the bottom of the water tank on fluid in a first pipeline is greater than that of the fluid in a second pipeline, a larger pressure difference can be formed under the action of the water pump, cooling liquid flows through an ion filter from bottom to top to remove impurity ions, the purpose of reducing the ion concentration is achieved, the ion filter works as long as the engine runs, a circulating pipeline does not need to be adjusted, the ion concentration is always kept in the required requirement, and the potential safety hazard caused by unqualified ion concentration is eliminated; in addition, because the ion filter is connected with the water tank through the first pipeline and the second pipeline, when the ion filter is disassembled and replaced, the valve body on the first pipeline and the second pipeline is closed without stopping and discharging cooling liquid in the water tank and the whole cooling liquid supply pipeline, or the first pipeline and the second pipeline are plugged by temporary plugs to disassemble and replace the ion filter, so that the convenience of replacing the ion filter in a heat management system of the fuel cell engine is greatly improved.
It should be noted that, generally, the ion concentration of the coolant initially added to the water tank is in accordance with the usage requirement, and the ion concentration is changed only after the coolant supply pipeline operates for a certain time, so that the ion filtering device adopting the above structure can ensure the continuous and stable operation of the water heat management system of the fuel cell engine. In addition, the water tank and the ion filter are communicated through a first pipeline and a second pipeline respectively, the working liquid level of the water tank 1 is always higher than the top surface of the ion filter 2 and the connecting position of the side tank wall of the water tank 1 and the second pipeline 4, the two form a communicating device structure, but no limitation requirements are imposed on the shapes and the sizes of the water tank and the ion filter, and the water tank and the ion filter can be arranged according to actual requirements in practical application.
In addition, it should be noted that the water filling port 6 disposed at the top of the water tank 1 may be directly connected to the atmosphere for pressure equalization in general, and may be provided with a corresponding cover body that is opened when water is required to be filled.
In a further embodiment, the first pipeline 3 and the second pipeline 4 may be provided with valves 8. Through setting up the valve, when needs change dismantlement ion filter, only need close the valve and can dismantle to do not influence the normal operating of coolant liquid supply line. It is understood that the above-mentioned manner of using the valve is only a preferred example of the embodiment of the present invention for convenient disassembly, and in the practical application process, the joint connection may be adopted, and the temporary plug is used for plugging during disassembly, which is only more convenient to use the valve.
In a further embodiment, the water tank 1 is further provided with an air outlet pipe 9, and the air outlet pipe 9 is connected to the cooling liquid supply pipeline and located downstream of the water pump 7. For example, the exhaust pipe opening 9 can be connected to a circulation pipeline before entering the galvanic pile, and air in the circulation pipeline can be discharged in time when the water pump runs through the exhaust pipe opening, so that the water pumping capacity of the water pump is ensured. And in order to ensure the smoothness of the air discharge, an air discharge nozzle 9 is generally disposed on the bottom end surface of the water tank 1. This further facilitates the venting of gas from the circulation line. It is understood that the above-mentioned manner of disposing the air outlet nozzle on the bottom end surface of the water tank is only a preferred example of the embodiment of the present invention, and during the practical application, the air outlet nozzle can be disposed at other positions according to the practical disposition requirement.
In some specific embodiments, the ion filter 2 is further provided with a drain pipe 10 at the bottom, and the drain pipe 10 is provided with a drain valve 11. Through setting up drain pipe and drain valve, can be when dismantling ionic filter, after closing first pipeline and second pipeline, can dismantle the change operation after the coolant liquid discharge in the ionic filter earlier for it is more convenient to operate.
In a further embodiment, the above-mentioned arrangement of the water discharge pipe 10 on the ion filter may be a separate arrangement, or may be integrated on the first pipeline 3 through a three-way valve 12, and then the water discharge pipe is led out from the first pipeline, although it can be understood by those skilled in the art that when the first pipeline is disposed on a valve, the three-way valve should be located on a pipeline between the valve and the ion filter.
In some more specific embodiments, the above-described porous cathode plate 13 and porous anode plate 14 connected to a high-voltage direct-current power supply are provided at upper and lower end positions within the ion filter 2, respectively, and the ion exchange resin 15 of the ion filter 2 is located between the porous cathode plate 13 and the porous anode plate 14. Through setting up the porous negative and positive plate of connecting high voltage direct current power, but make ion exchange resin recycle through electric regeneration, reduce ion filter's change number of times, reduce cost. The specific process is as follows: in the process of electrically regenerating the ion exchange resin 15, the connection part of the ion filter and the low liquid level of the expansion water tank is closed (namely the first pipeline is closed), and due to the action of gravity, after the drain valve on the drain pipe is opened, the cooling liquid flows through the ion filter from top to bottom, and the desorbed ions are discharged out of the system along with the cooling liquid through the drain pipe, so that the adsorption capacity of the ion exchange resin is reduced. It is noted that under the action of the electric field generated by the porous cathode and anode plates, the ion exchange resin is electrically regenerated by mechanisms such as electromigration and water dissociation, liquid containing ultrahigh ion concentration is discharged from the bottom of the ion filter, and desorbed impurity ions move directionally, so that the reverse migration of the ions can be prevented by selecting the type and proportion of the ion exchange resin; and H required in the regeneration process+、OH-Can be generated by water electrolysis or resin particle hydrolysis to ensure ion conservation in solution.
It should be noted that the high-voltage direct-current power supply may be an additional power supply provided independently, or may be directly powered by a fuel cell, and specifically may be a stack 17 connected in parallel with the DC/DC converter 16.
In addition, the utility model also provides a water heat management system of the fuel cell engine, which comprises a cooling liquid supply pipeline, wherein an ion filtering device is arranged on the cooling supply pipeline, and the ion filtering device is the ion filtering device described in any scheme. Since the ion filtering device has the above technical effects, the hydrothermal management system having the ion filtering device also has corresponding technical effects, which are not described herein again.
In the hydrothermal management system, a water pump 7, a particulate filter 18, a temperature regulator 19, and a temperature sensor 20 are generally connected in series to a coolant supply line between the water tank 1 and the electric pile 17 of the ion filtration device. Wherein, the water pump is used for providing circulating power; the particle filter is used for filtering the particle impurities; the temperature sensor is used for detecting the temperature of the cooling liquid entering the galvanic pile; the temperature regulator is used for regulating the temperature of the cooling liquid according to the detection temperature of the demand temperature sensor. Of course, it can be understood that the connection sequence of the above components can be adjusted according to actual requirements, and the implementation of the present invention is not affected.
In a further embodiment, the specific structure of the temperature regulator 19 may include a heater 19a and a radiator 19b which are arranged in parallel and operated in a single on state, and when the detected temperature of the temperature sensor 20 exceeds a preset upper temperature limit, the radiator 19b is operated in an on state; when the detected temperature of the temperature sensor 20 is lower than the preset lower temperature limit, the heater 19a is turned on. The radiator and the heater are started in time to ensure that the cooling liquid is always kept in a required temperature range, and the normal operation of the hydrothermal management system is ensured.
Besides, the coolant supply line is generally provided with an ion concentration sensor 21 and a pressure sensor 22 corresponding to the coolant inlet of the stack 17. Detecting the ion concentration of the cooling liquid entering the galvanic pile through an ion concentration sensor, and giving a prompt in time when the ion concentration exceeds a preset range; the pressure sensor feeds back the pressure on the cooling supply pipeline in time, and when the pressure is abnormal, the warning is sent out in time, so that the safe and stable operation of the hydrothermal management system can be further ensured, and the potential safety hazard is effectively avoided.
The ion filter device and the water heat management system of the fuel cell engine according to the present invention are described in detail above. It should be noted that, in the present specification, the embodiments are all described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments may be referred to each other.
It is also noted that, in this document, terms such as "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that an article or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such article or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in an article or device that comprises the element.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein using specific examples, which are presented only to assist in understanding the core concepts of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.