CN110752388A - Hydrogen fuel cell water circulation system - Google Patents

Hydrogen fuel cell water circulation system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110752388A
CN110752388A CN201810816965.6A CN201810816965A CN110752388A CN 110752388 A CN110752388 A CN 110752388A CN 201810816965 A CN201810816965 A CN 201810816965A CN 110752388 A CN110752388 A CN 110752388A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
water
water circulation
fuel cell
heat dissipation
hydrogen fuel
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Pending
Application number
CN201810816965.6A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
宋维程
姜昊
孙京程
杨尚霖
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JINAN MINGHU BUILDING ENERGY TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT Co Ltd
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JINAN MINGHU BUILDING ENERGY TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201810816965.6A priority Critical patent/CN110752388A/en
Publication of CN110752388A publication Critical patent/CN110752388A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
    • H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
    • H01M8/04014—Heat exchange using gaseous fluids; Heat exchange by combustion of reactants
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
    • H01M8/04225—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells during start-up
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
    • H01M8/04253—Means for solving freezing problems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
    • H01M8/04268—Heating of fuel cells during the start-up of the fuel cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
    • H01M8/0432—Temperature; Ambient temperature
    • H01M8/04358—Temperature; Ambient temperature of the coolant
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
    • H01M8/0438—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
    • H01M8/04417—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow of the coolant
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

The utility model provides a hydrogen fuel cell water circulating system, by the electricity push away, heat dissipation cooling body, expansion tank, detection controller and impeller type flowmeter constitute, the electricity is pushed away and is connected with heat dissipation cooling body through the pipeline, pass through the pipe connection with heat dissipation cooling body and expansion tank after that, set up impeller type flowmeter between the pipeline, drain tap and drainage water pump, be connected the delivery port of expansion tank and the water inlet that the electricity pushed away, set gradually impeller type flowmeter between the pipeline, moisturizing valve and moisturizing water pump, consequently, with the pile, the drain tap, the drainage water pump, heat dissipation cooling body, impeller type flowmeter, moisturizing valve and moisturizing water pump respectively with the detection controller electricity be connected. The circulation system can cool the temperature of the galvanic pile, provides an auxiliary effect in the starting process of the fuel cell galvanic pile, enables the hydrogen fuel cell to avoid cold start for too long time in a heat exchange mode, and ensures the normal humidity of the proton exchange membrane due to small electromagnetic valve drainage frequency.

Description

Hydrogen fuel cell water circulation system
Technical Field
The invention relates to a water circulation system of a hydrogen fuel cell, in particular to a recycling system of cooling water and product water required in the hydrogen fuel cell.
Background
With the attention of human beings on environmental pollution, automobiles using fossil fuels as energy sources become an important direction of human beings on environmental pollution treatment, in recent years, novel fuel cells become one of hot, in the working process of hydrogen fuel cells, proton exchange membrane fuel cells use hydrogen and air (or oxygen) as reaction raw materials, generate water in the reaction process, and discharge a large amount of heat, the heat accounts for about 40% -50% of the total energy, the heat can affect the normal work of the fuel cells, the high-temperature state can limit the output power of the fuel cells to a great extent, and therefore, the structural design of a water circulation heat dissipation system by adopting water circulation heat dissipation in the working process of the fuel cells has great significance.
In winter, when the hydrogen fuel cell is started below zero centigrade, the hydrogen fuel cell can be started slowly or cannot be started, most of the existing fuel cells perform special treatment on a proton exchange membrane to achieve the effect of cold start, but the cold start mode has two defects: the first is that such priming can affect the lifetime of the proton exchange membrane; secondly, the requirement on the proton exchange membrane is high, and the cost is greatly increased.
In view of the above, intensive research on water circulation has been conducted to achieve better cold start by adding external aids, resulting in a water circulation system for a hydrogen fuel cell.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, a water circulation heat dissipation method is provided.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a water circulation system for a hydrogen fuel cell, including an expansion water tank and a water circulation device, where the water circulation device includes a galvanic pile, an impeller-type flow meter, and a heat dissipation cooling mechanism;
the first pipeline is provided with a drainage pump and a drainage valve, and the second pipeline is provided with a water supply pump, a water supply valve and a water supply pump.
Further improvement: the impeller type flowmeter comprises two interfaces with the same structure, the interfaces comprise a central through hole and are rotatably arranged on a fixing ring on the central through hole, a plurality of clamping holes and clamping blocks which are distributed annularly are formed in the fixing ring, the clamping holes and the clamping blocks are alternately distributed, one clamping hole is formed between every two clamping blocks, and a clamping cavity is formed in the side portion of each clamping block.
The heat dissipation cooling mechanism, the drain valve, the drain pump, the flow meter, the supply valve and the supply water pump are electrically connected with the detection controller respectively.
In a further improvement, a temperature sensor is arranged on the electric pile, and the temperature sensor is in point connection with the detection controller.
In a further improvement, a new mode is provided, wherein a liquid level detector is arranged on a pipeline between the heat dissipation cooling device and the expansion water tank or a pipeline between the electric pile and the detection controller, and the liquid level detector is electrically connected with the detection controller and is used for detecting the water level in the pipeline of the water circulation device.
Further improvement, a new mode is provided, wherein an overflow detector and a water supplement detector are respectively arranged at the upper part and the lower part of the expansion water tank;
the water supplement detector and the overflow detector are respectively electrically connected with the detection controller;
the overflow detector detects whether the coolant in the water storage tank exceeds an upper water level;
the water supplement detector detects whether the coolant in the water storage tank is lower than a lower water level.
In a further improvement, the expansion tank is provided with a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the circulating water in the tank.
In the further improvement, a program is programmed in the detection controller, the water circulation system is started earlier than the combustion system in winter, the catalyst in the heat dissipation cooling mechanism raises the temperature of water in the water circulation system, and heat is transmitted through the water circulation to avoid the water produced by the hydrogen fuel cell from freezing due to too low temperature, so that the hydrogen fuel cell can be started normally.
In order to further improve and propose a new model, the cooling mechanism comprises one or more fans and/or one or more water-cooled radiators.
In a further improvement, an electromagnetic valve is connected between the detection controller and the galvanic pile, and in order to remove water generated by the galvanic pile reaction and ensure the humidity of the proton exchange membrane, the water discharge frequency set by the electromagnetic valve is small.
The impeller flowmeter has the advantages of low price, convenient installation, simple structure, high cost performance and the like. Whether the battery box comprises the water circulation flow or not is judged, and the water circulation hot water management control system is used for solving the problem of water pump stalling in order to facilitate the operation mode of the water pump.
The water circulation system is provided with the expansion water tank, so that the expansion water tank is suitable for heat from cold water when the temperature of the cooling medium is higher, the storage capacity of the cooling medium is enlarged, the deformation of a water circulation pipeline closed by expansion is avoided, and the water circulation system is effectively protected.
The drain pipe is connected with a water circulating pipe which is about 1.5 meters away from the expansion water tank, so that mixed gas in the water circulating system is effectively discharged, and the gas-liquid mixture is prevented from damaging the fan blade water cooling device of the water pump.
The invention provides a platform for a drainage system of a fuel cell test station, which comprises a water circulation device and an expansion water tank, wherein the water circulation device comprises an electric pile, an impeller-type flowmeter, a detection controller and a radiator cooling mechanism; the water circulation system plays a role in assisting the hydrogen fuel cell to start when the hydrogen fuel cell is started in winter, and the water circulation system mainly plays a role in cooling the hydrogen fuel cell under normal conditions, so that the normal working temperature of the hydrogen fuel cell is maintained, and the working efficiency of the hydrogen fuel cell is ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a water circulation system of a hydrogen fuel cell
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a control structure of a detection controller
FIG. 1-electric stack; 2-a heat dissipation cooling mechanism; 3-impeller type flowmeter 1; 4-impeller type flowmeter 2; 5-a supply valve; 6-a drain valve; 7-supply water pump; 8-a drainage water pump; 9-an expansion water tank; 10-a detection controller; 11-a temperature sensor; 12-electromagnetic valve.
Detailed Description
In view of this, a water circulation heat dissipation method is provided.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a water circulation system for a hydrogen fuel cell, including an expansion water tank and a water circulation device, where the water circulation device includes a galvanic pile, an impeller-type flow meter, and a heat dissipation cooling mechanism;
the pipeline between the heat dissipation cooling mechanism 2 and the expansion water tank 9 is a first pipeline, and the pipeline between the expansion water tank 9 and the electric pile 1 is a second pipeline.
The first pipeline is provided with a drainage pump 8 and a drainage valve 6, and the second pipeline is provided with a feed water pump and a feed valve 5 and a feed water pump 7.
Further improvement: the impeller type flowmeter comprises two interfaces with the same structure, the interfaces comprise a central through hole and are rotatably arranged on a fixing ring on the central through hole, a plurality of clamping holes and clamping blocks which are distributed annularly are formed in the fixing ring, the clamping holes and the clamping blocks are alternately distributed, one clamping hole is formed between every two clamping blocks, and a clamping cavity is formed in the side portion of each clamping block.
The heat dissipation cooling mechanism 2, the drain valve 6, the drain pump 8, the flow meter 3, the flow meter 4, the supply valve 5, and the supply water pump 7 are electrically connected to the detection controller 10, respectively.
In a further improvement, a temperature sensor 11 is arranged on the electric pile, and the temperature sensor 11 is electrically connected with the detection controller 10.
In a further improvement, a new mode is provided, wherein a liquid level detector is arranged on a pipeline between the heat dissipation cooling device 2 and the expansion water tank 9 or a pipeline between the electric pile 1 and the detection controller 10, and the liquid level detector is electrically connected with the detection controller and is used for detecting the water level in the pipeline of the water circulation device.
Further improvement, a new mode is provided, wherein an overflow detector and a water supplement detector are respectively arranged at the upper part and the lower part of the expansion water tank 9;
the water supplement detector and the overflow detector are respectively electrically connected with the detection controller;
the overflow detector detects whether the coolant in the water storage tank exceeds an upper water level;
the water supplement detector detects whether the coolant in the water storage tank is lower than a lower water level.
In a further improvement, the expansion tank is provided with a temperature sensor 11 for detecting the temperature of the circulating water in the tank.
In a further improvement, a program is programmed in the detection controller 10, in winter, the water circulation system is started further than the combustion system, the catalyst in the heat dissipation cooling mechanism 2 raises the temperature of water in the water circulation system, and heat is transmitted through water circulation to prevent the product water of the hydrogen fuel cell from freezing due to too low temperature, so that the hydrogen fuel cell can be started normally.
In order to further improve and propose a new model, the cooling mechanism comprises one or more fans and/or one or more water-cooled radiators.
In a further improvement, the electromagnetic valve 13 is connected between the detection controller 10 and the galvanic pile 1, and in order to remove water produced by the galvanic pile reaction and ensure the humidity of the proton exchange membrane, the water discharge frequency set by the electromagnetic valve 13 should be small.
The impeller flowmeter has the advantages of low price, convenient installation, simple structure, high cost performance and the like. And judging whether the galvanic pile comprises water circulation flow, wherein the water circulation hot water management control system is used for solving the problem of water pump stalling in order to facilitate the operation mode of the water pump.
The drain pipe is connected with a water circulating pipe which is about 1.5 meters away from the expansion water tank, so that mixed gas in the water circulating system is effectively discharged, and the gas-liquid mixture is prevented from damaging the fan blade water cooling device of the water pump.
The invention provides a platform for a drainage system of a fuel cell test station, which comprises a water circulation device and an expansion water tank 9, wherein the water circulation device comprises an electric pile 1, impeller type flowmeters 3 and 4, a detection controller 10 and a radiator cooling mechanism 2; the water circulation system plays a role in assisting the hydrogen fuel cell to start when the hydrogen fuel cell is started in winter, and the water circulation system mainly plays a role in cooling the hydrogen fuel cell under normal conditions, so that the normal working temperature of the hydrogen fuel cell is maintained, and the working efficiency of the hydrogen fuel cell is ensured.

Claims (5)

1. A water circulation system of a hydrogen fuel cell comprises an expansion water tank and a water circulation device, wherein the water circulation device comprises a galvanic pile, an impeller-type flowmeter and a heat dissipation cooling mechanism; the method is characterized in that: the heat dissipation cooling mechanism, the drain valve, the drain pump, the flow meter, the supply valve and the supply water pump are electrically connected with the detection controller respectively.
2. The impeller flowmeter of claim 1, wherein the impeller flowmeter has the advantages of low cost, easy installation, simple structure, high cost performance, and the like; whether the battery box comprises water circulation flow or not is judged, the water circulation hot water management control system is used for solving the problem of water pump stalling in order to facilitate the operation mode of the water pump, and the problem of water flow is not visually judged in the CAN message analysis problem.
3. The fuel cell system is characterized in that a program is written in the detection controller, the water circulation system is started in one step before a fuel cell combustion system in winter, a catalyst in the heat dissipation cooling mechanism raises the temperature of water in the water circulation system, and heat is transmitted through water circulation to avoid the water product of the hydrogen fuel cell from freezing due to too low temperature, so that the hydrogen fuel cell can be started normally.
4. An electromagnetic valve is connected between the detection controller and the galvanic pile, and in order to remove water generated by the galvanic pile reaction and ensure the humidity of the proton exchange membrane, the drainage frequency set by the electromagnetic valve is small.
5. The water circulation system is provided with the expansion water tank, so that the expansion water tank is suitable for heat from cold water when the temperature of the cooling medium is higher, the storage capacity of the cooling medium is enlarged, the deformation of a water circulation pipeline closed by expansion is avoided, and the water circulation system is effectively protected.
CN201810816965.6A 2018-07-24 2018-07-24 Hydrogen fuel cell water circulation system Pending CN110752388A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201810816965.6A CN110752388A (en) 2018-07-24 2018-07-24 Hydrogen fuel cell water circulation system

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201810816965.6A CN110752388A (en) 2018-07-24 2018-07-24 Hydrogen fuel cell water circulation system

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN110752388A true CN110752388A (en) 2020-02-04

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CN201810816965.6A Pending CN110752388A (en) 2018-07-24 2018-07-24 Hydrogen fuel cell water circulation system

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113125964A (en) * 2021-03-31 2021-07-16 大连擎研科技有限公司 Circulating water integrated measurement and control system of fuel cell test bed and use method thereof
CN115911461A (en) * 2023-02-16 2023-04-04 四川能投氢能产业投资有限公司 Hydrogen fuel cell automobile drainage device and method

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113125964A (en) * 2021-03-31 2021-07-16 大连擎研科技有限公司 Circulating water integrated measurement and control system of fuel cell test bed and use method thereof
CN115911461A (en) * 2023-02-16 2023-04-04 四川能投氢能产业投资有限公司 Hydrogen fuel cell automobile drainage device and method
CN115911461B (en) * 2023-02-16 2023-05-05 四川能投氢能产业投资有限公司 Drainage device and method for hydrogen fuel cell automobile

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