CN216311838U - Fuel cell system device - Google Patents

Fuel cell system device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN216311838U
CN216311838U CN202122992833.9U CN202122992833U CN216311838U CN 216311838 U CN216311838 U CN 216311838U CN 202122992833 U CN202122992833 U CN 202122992833U CN 216311838 U CN216311838 U CN 216311838U
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way valve
output end
input end
fuel cell
humidifier
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CN202122992833.9U
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王伟强
赵兴旺
刘然
高云庆
李飞强
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Beijing Sinohytec Co Ltd
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Beijing Sinohytec Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50Fuel cells

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Abstract

The utility model provides a fuel cell system device, belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, and solves the problems that a humidifier and a galvanic pile cannot be effectively purged and mechanical damage of a membrane cannot be caused in the prior art. The device comprises a galvanic pile, an air compressor, a water pump, a heater, a radiator, a humidifier, a three-way valve I and a controller. The air inlet of the electric pile is connected with the output end of an air compressor through a humidifier, the cooling liquid inlet is connected with the output end of a first three-way valve, and the cooling liquid outlet is connected with the inlet of a water pump; the outlet of the water pump is connected with the first input end of the first three-way valve through the heater and is connected with the second input end of the first three-way valve through the radiator. The output end of the controller is respectively connected with the air compressor, the water pump, the heater, the radiator and the control end of the first three-way valve. The on-load blowing and the high-temperature blowing can be realized in the blowing process, the high potential is avoided in the whole process, the air is blown fast, and the service life of the galvanic pile is prolonged.

Description

Fuel cell system device
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a fuel cell system device.
Background
The inside of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell is provided with a hydrogen pipeline and an air pipeline, and the hydrogen and the oxygen in the air react in the electric pile to generate a byproduct water and obtain electric energy. The water produced is discharged out of the fuel cell along with the exhaust gas.
With the development of fuel cell technology, the power of the fuel cell system device reaches above 120 kW, the volume of the humidifier is larger and larger, and the time for purging the humidifier is longer and longer. Also, the fuel cell is not fully purged or excessively purged in a working environment below 0 ℃, which may cause damage to the stack and the humidifier.
At present, no effective device for respectively purging the galvanic pile and the humidifier exists.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
Embodiments of the present invention are directed to a fuel cell system device, so as to solve the problem that the prior art cannot effectively purge a humidifier and a stack and does not cause mechanical damage to a membrane.
On one hand, the embodiment of the utility model provides a fuel cell system device, which comprises a galvanic pile, an air compressor, a water pump, a heater, a radiator, a humidifier, a first three-way valve and a controller, wherein the galvanic pile is arranged on the electric pile; wherein,
an air inlet of the electric pile is connected with an output end of an air compressor through a humidifier, a cooling liquid inlet is connected with an output end of a first three-way valve, and a cooling liquid outlet is connected with an inlet of a water pump; the outlet of the water pump is connected with the first input end of the first three-way valve through the heater and is connected with the second input end of the first three-way valve through the radiator;
the output end of the controller is respectively connected with the air compressor, the water pump, the heater, the radiator and the control end of the first three-way valve.
The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are as follows: compared with the prior art, the humidifier, the heater, the radiator and the first three-way valve are added. The heater can realize the rapid heating of the galvanic pile and realize the hot blowing. The on-load purging can be realized in the purging process, the high potential is avoided in the whole process, and the service life of the galvanic pile is prolonged. After purging is finished, the radiator is also favorable for realizing the rapid cooling of the galvanic pile, the storage temperature of the galvanic pile is reduced to be comfortable, and the service life of the galvanic pile is further prolonged.
Based on further improvement of the device, when the device is shut down, the controller firstly controls the first input end of the first three-way valve to be opened and the second input end of the first three-way valve to be closed, starts the water pump and the heater until the temperature of the water at the cooling liquid inlet of the galvanic pile rises to a threshold value, and closes the heater; then, controlling an air compressor to perform hot purging on the galvanic pile and the humidifier; and after purging is finished, the air compressor is closed, the first input end of the first three-way valve is controlled to be closed, the second input end of the first three-way valve is controlled to be opened, the radiator is started until the temperature of the water at the cooling liquid inlet is reduced to a set value, and the radiator is closed.
Further, the device also comprises a second three-way valve; wherein,
the input end of the second three-way valve is connected with the output end of the air compressor, the first output end of the three-way valve is connected with the air inlet of the humidifier, the second output end of the three-way valve is connected with the air inlet of the galvanic pile, and the control end of the three-way valve is connected with the output end of the controller.
Further, the device also comprises an intercooler; wherein,
the air inlet of the intercooler is connected with the output end of the air compressor, the air outlet of the intercooler is connected with the input end of the second three-way valve, the cooling liquid inlet of the intercooler is connected with the output end of the first three-way valve, and the cooling liquid outlet of the intercooler is connected with the outlet of the water pump in parallel.
Further, the device also comprises a three-way valve III; wherein,
the input end of the three-way valve III is connected with an air outlet of the humidifier, the main path outlet is connected with an air inlet of the electric pile, the bypass outlet is connected with a tail gas inlet of the humidifier, and the control end is connected with the output end of the controller.
Furthermore, the device also comprises a one-way electric control valve;
the input end of the one-way electric control valve is connected with the tail gas outlet of the humidifier, and the control end of the one-way electric control valve is connected with the output end of the controller.
Further, the controller further comprises a data acquisition unit, a data processing and control unit and an execution unit which are connected in sequence.
Further, the data acquisition unit further comprises:
the temperature sensor is arranged on the inner wall of a cooling liquid inlet pipeline of the galvanic pile;
the fuel cell single-chip voltage monitoring equipment is connected with the power supply output end of the electric pile;
and the alternating current impedance tester is connected with the power supply output end of the galvanic pile.
Further, when the electric pile is shut down, the data processing and control unit firstly controls the first input end of the first three-way valve to be opened and the second input end of the first three-way valve to be closed, controls the water pump and the heater to be sequentially started, and closes the heater until the temperature of the cooling liquid inlet water of the electric pile rises to a threshold value; then, controlling the first output end and the second output end of the second three-way valve to reach preset opening degrees respectively, controlling a main path outlet and a bypass outlet of the third three-way valve to be closed, controlling a one-way electric control valve to be opened, controlling an air compressor to work at a set rotating speed to purge the electric pile and the humidifier, controlling the air compressor to be closed once the alternating current impedance of the electric pile reaches a set value in the purging process, and finishing purging; and then controlling the first input end of the first three-way valve to be closed and the second input end of the first three-way valve to be opened, controlling the radiator to start to cool the galvanic pile, and once the temperature of the cooling liquid inlet water of the galvanic pile is reduced to a set value, controlling the radiator to be closed and controlling the second input end of the three-way valve to be closed.
Further, the execution unit further comprises MOS switches respectively connected with the water pump, the heater, the radiator, the air compressor and control ends of the three-way valve I-three-way valve III.
The scheme has at least one of the following beneficial effects:
1. an alternating current impedance tester is added to measure the internal resistance of the galvanic pile, and the closed-loop regulation of the purging time of the fuel cell is realized.
2. The on-load purging can be realized in the shutdown purging process, the high potential is avoided in the whole process, and the service life of the galvanic pile is prolonged.
3. Aiming at the problem that the humidifier is not easy to blow dry at normal temperature, high-temperature blowing can be realized through a heater heating mode, the humidifier can be blown dry quickly, and blowing time is shortened.
4. A scheme (three-way valve) of humidifier bypass is added in the purging process, dry air enters the pile in the whole purging process, and the galvanic pile is dried quickly;
5. in order to avoid the over-high temperature of the galvanic pile when the purging is finished, the temperature is quickly reduced through the radiator after the purging is finished, the temperature is reduced to the comfortable storage temperature of the galvanic pile, and the service life of the galvanic pile is prolonged.
The summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts in a simplified form that are further described below in the detailed description. The summary is not intended to identify key features or essential features of the disclosure, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the disclosure.
Drawings
The foregoing and other objects, features and advantages of the disclosure will be apparent from the following more particular descriptions of exemplary embodiments of the disclosure as illustrated in the accompanying drawings wherein like reference numbers generally represent like parts throughout the exemplary embodiments of the disclosure.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the composition of a fuel cell system apparatus according to example 1;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the principle of a fuel cell system device according to example 2;
fig. 3 shows a schematic view of the fuel cell system device composition of example 2.
Reference numerals:
10-electric pile; 11-alternating current impedance tester (integrated with DC-DC converter); 20-a first three-way valve; 21-a heat sink; 22-a PTC heater; 23-a water pump; 30-an air pump; 31 an intercooler; 32-a second three-way valve; 33-a humidifier; 34-one-way electric control valve; 35-three-way valve III.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
The term "include" and variations thereof as used herein is meant to be inclusive in an open-ended manner, i.e., "including but not limited to". Unless specifically stated otherwise, the term "or" means "and/or". The term "based on" means "based at least in part on". The terms "one example embodiment" and "one embodiment" mean "at least one example embodiment". The term "another embodiment" means "at least one additional embodiment". The terms "first," "second," and the like may refer to different or the same object. Other explicit and implicit definitions are also possible below.
Example 1
One embodiment of the present invention discloses a fuel cell system apparatus, as shown in fig. 1, including a stack, an air compressor, a water pump, a heater, a radiator, a humidifier, a first three-way valve, and a controller.
The air inlet of the electric pile is connected with the output end of an air compressor through a humidifier, the cooling liquid inlet is connected with the output end of a first three-way valve, and the cooling liquid outlet is connected with the inlet of a water pump; the outlet of the water pump is connected with the first input end of the first three-way valve through the heater and is connected with the second input end of the first three-way valve through the radiator.
The output end of the controller is respectively connected with the air compressor, the water pump, the heater, the radiator and the control end of the first three-way valve.
The fuel cell is of various types. Illustratively, for the hydrogen-oxygen battery, the hydrogen-oxygen battery further comprises a hydrogen spraying device, and the output end of the hydrogen spraying device is connected with the hydrogen inlet of the galvanic pile. And for the hydrogen-ammonia battery, the fuel cell further comprises an ammonia gas input device, and the output end of the ammonia gas input device is connected with the fuel inlet of the electric pile.
When the electric pile cooling system is implemented and shut down, the controller firstly controls the first input end of the first three-way valve to be opened and the second input end of the first three-way valve to be closed, the water pump and the heater are started until the temperature of the water in the cooling liquid inlet of the electric pile rises to a threshold value, and the heater is closed; then, controlling an air compressor to perform hot purging on the galvanic pile and the humidifier; and after purging is finished, the air compressor is closed, the first input end of the first three-way valve is controlled to be closed, the second input end of the first three-way valve is controlled to be opened, the radiator is started until the temperature of the water at the cooling liquid inlet is reduced to a set value, and the radiator is closed.
Compared with the prior art, the fuel cell system device provided by the embodiment has the advantages that the humidifier, the heater, the radiator and the first three-way valve are added. The heater can realize the rapid heating of the galvanic pile and realize the hot blowing. The on-load purging can be realized in the purging process, the high potential is avoided in the whole process, and the service life of the galvanic pile is prolonged. After purging, the radiator is also favorable for realizing the rapid cooling of the galvanic pile, reducing the storage temperature to the comfortable storage temperature of the galvanic pile and prolonging the service life of the galvanic pile.
Example 2
The improvement is made on the basis of the embodiment 1, and the fuel cell system device further comprises a second three-way valve, as shown in fig. 2 to 3.
The input end of the second three-way valve is connected with the output end of the air compressor, the first output end of the second three-way valve is connected with an air inlet of the humidifier, the second output end of the second three-way valve is connected with an air inlet of the galvanic pile, and the control end of the second three-way valve is connected with the output end of the controller.
Preferably, the heater may employ a PTC heater. The heater has the advantages of small volume, high heat efficiency, stable performance, strong adaptability, low failure rate and the like.
Preferably, the fuel cell system device further includes an intercooler.
The air inlet of the intercooler is connected with the output end of the air compressor, the air outlet of the intercooler is connected with the input end of the second three-way valve, the cooling liquid inlet of the intercooler is connected with the output end of the first three-way valve, and the cooling liquid outlet of the intercooler is connected with the outlet of the water pump in parallel.
Preferably, the fuel cell system device further includes a three-way valve three.
The input end of the three-way valve III is connected with an air outlet of the humidifier, the main path outlet is connected with an air inlet of the electric pile, the bypass outlet is connected with a tail gas inlet of the humidifier, and the control end is connected with the output end of the controller.
Preferably, the fuel cell system device further includes a one-way electrically controlled valve.
The input end of the one-way electric control valve is connected with the tail gas outlet of the humidifier, and the control end of the one-way electric control valve is connected with the output end of the controller.
Preferably, the controller further comprises a data acquisition unit, a data processing and control unit and an execution unit which are connected in sequence.
And the data acquisition unit is used for acquiring the water temperature of a cooling liquid inlet of the galvanic pile, the internal resistance of the galvanic pile and the single-chip voltage of the galvanic pile in real time.
Preferably, the data acquisition unit further comprises a temperature sensor, a fuel cell single-chip voltage monitoring device and an alternating current impedance tester.
And the temperature sensors are respectively arranged on the inner wall of a cooling liquid inlet pipeline of the galvanic pile and used for collecting the water temperature of the cooling liquid at the arrangement position.
The fuel cell single-chip voltage monitoring equipment is connected with the power supply output end of the electric pile and used for collecting the output voltage of each single-chip cell in the electric pile.
And the alternating current impedance tester is connected with the power supply output end of the galvanic pile and is used for acquiring the alternating current impedance of the galvanic pile in real time.
When the electric pile is shut down, the data processing and control unit firstly controls the first input end of the first three-way valve to be opened and the second input end of the first three-way valve to be closed, controls the water pump and the heater to be sequentially started, and closes the heater when the temperature of cooling liquid inlet water of the electric pile rises to a threshold value; then, controlling the first output end and the second output end of the second three-way valve to reach preset opening degrees respectively, controlling a main path outlet and a bypass outlet of the third three-way valve to be closed, controlling a one-way electric control valve to be opened, controlling an air compressor to work at a set rotating speed to purge the electric pile and the humidifier, controlling the air compressor to be closed once the alternating current impedance of the electric pile reaches a set value in the purging process, and finishing purging; and then controlling the first input end of the first three-way valve to be closed and the second input end of the first three-way valve to be opened, controlling the radiator to start to cool the galvanic pile, and once the temperature of the cooling liquid inlet water of the galvanic pile is reduced to a set value, controlling the radiator to be closed and controlling the second input end of the three-way valve to be closed.
And the execution unit is used for respectively controlling the water pump, the heater, the radiator, the air compressor, the three-way valve and the three-way valve to be started or closed according to the control of the control unit.
Preferably, the execution unit further comprises MOS switches respectively connected with control ends of the water pump, the heater, the radiator, the air compressor, the three-way valve I-three-way valve III.
Compared with embodiment 1, the device provided by the embodiment has the following beneficial effects:
1. the function of measuring the internal resistance of the galvanic pile by the alternating-current impedance is added, and the closed-loop regulation of the purging time of the fuel cell is realized.
2. The on-load purging can be realized in the shutdown purging process, the high potential is avoided in the whole process, and the service life of the galvanic pile is prolonged.
3. Aiming at the problem that the humidifier is not easy to blow dry at normal temperature, high-temperature blowing can be realized through a heater heating mode, the humidifier can be blown dry quickly, and blowing time is shortened.
4. A scheme (three-way valve) of humidifier bypass is added in the purging process, dry air enters the pile in the whole purging process, and the galvanic pile is dried quickly;
5. in order to avoid the over-high temperature of the galvanic pile when the purging is finished, the temperature is quickly reduced through the radiator after the purging is finished, the temperature is reduced to the comfortable storage temperature of the galvanic pile, and the service life of the galvanic pile is prolonged.
Having described embodiments of the present disclosure, the foregoing description is intended to be exemplary, not exhaustive, and not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein is chosen to best explain the principles of the embodiments, the practical application, or improvements made to the prior art, or to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims (10)

1. A fuel cell system device is characterized by comprising an electric pile, an air compressor, a water pump, a heater, a radiator, a humidifier, a first three-way valve and a controller; wherein,
an air inlet of the electric pile is connected with an output end of an air compressor through a humidifier, a cooling liquid inlet is connected with an output end of a first three-way valve, and a cooling liquid outlet is connected with an inlet of a water pump; the outlet of the water pump is connected with the first input end of the first three-way valve through the heater and is connected with the second input end of the first three-way valve through the radiator;
the output end of the controller is respectively connected with the air compressor, the water pump, the heater, the radiator and the control end of the first three-way valve.
2. The fuel cell system device of claim 1, wherein when the device is shut down, the controller first controls the first input end of the first three-way valve to be opened and the second input end of the first three-way valve to be closed, starts the water pump and the heater until the water temperature of the cooling liquid inlet of the electric pile rises to a threshold value, and closes the heater; then, controlling an air compressor to perform hot purging on the galvanic pile and the humidifier; and after purging is finished, the air compressor is closed, the first input end of the first three-way valve is controlled to be closed, the second input end of the first three-way valve is controlled to be opened, the radiator is started until the temperature of the water at the cooling liquid inlet is reduced to a set value, and the radiator is closed.
3. The fuel cell system apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a second three-way valve; wherein,
the input end of the second three-way valve is connected with the output end of the air compressor, the first output end of the three-way valve is connected with the air inlet of the humidifier, the second output end of the three-way valve is connected with the air inlet of the galvanic pile, and the control end of the three-way valve is connected with the output end of the controller.
4. The fuel cell system device according to claim 3, further comprising an intercooler; wherein,
the air inlet of the intercooler is connected with the output end of the air compressor, the air outlet of the intercooler is connected with the input end of the second three-way valve, the cooling liquid inlet of the intercooler is connected with the output end of the first three-way valve, and the cooling liquid outlet of the intercooler is connected with the outlet of the water pump in parallel.
5. The fuel cell system device according to claim 4, further comprising a three-way valve three; wherein,
the input end of the three-way valve III is connected with an air outlet of the humidifier, the main path outlet is connected with an air inlet of the electric pile, the bypass outlet is connected with a tail gas inlet of the humidifier, and the control end is connected with the output end of the controller.
6. The fuel cell system device according to claim 5, further comprising a one-way electrically controlled valve;
the input end of the one-way electric control valve is connected with the tail gas outlet of the humidifier, and the control end of the one-way electric control valve is connected with the output end of the controller.
7. The fuel cell system device of claim 6, wherein the controller further comprises a data acquisition unit, a data processing and control unit, and an execution unit connected in sequence.
8. The fuel cell system device according to claim 7, wherein the data collection unit further includes:
the temperature sensor is arranged on the inner wall of a cooling liquid inlet pipeline of the galvanic pile;
the fuel cell single-chip voltage monitoring equipment is connected with the power supply output end of the electric pile;
and the alternating current impedance tester is connected with the power supply output end of the galvanic pile.
9. The fuel cell system device according to claim 7 or 8, wherein when the device is shut down, the data processing and control unit first controls the first input end of the first three-way valve to be opened and the second input end of the first three-way valve to be closed, controls the water pump and the heater to be sequentially started, and closes the heater until the temperature of the cooling liquid inlet water of the stack rises to a threshold value; then, controlling the first output end and the second output end of the second three-way valve to reach preset opening degrees respectively, controlling a main path outlet and a bypass outlet of the third three-way valve to be closed, controlling a one-way electric control valve to be opened, controlling an air compressor to work at a set rotating speed to purge the electric pile and the humidifier, controlling the air compressor to be closed once the alternating current impedance of the electric pile reaches a set value in the purging process, and finishing purging; and then controlling the first input end of the first three-way valve to be closed and the second input end of the first three-way valve to be opened, controlling the radiator to start to cool the galvanic pile, and once the temperature of the cooling liquid inlet water of the galvanic pile is reduced to a set value, controlling the radiator to be closed and controlling the second input end of the three-way valve to be closed.
10. The fuel cell system device of claim 9, wherein the execution unit further comprises MOS switches respectively connected to control terminals of the water pump, the heater, the radiator, the air compressor, the three-way valve, the one-three-way valve, and the three-way valve.
CN202122992833.9U 2021-12-02 2021-12-02 Fuel cell system device Active CN216311838U (en)

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CN202122992833.9U CN216311838U (en) 2021-12-02 2021-12-02 Fuel cell system device

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114976131A (en) * 2022-06-14 2022-08-30 哈尔滨工业大学(深圳) High-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell performance test system and method thereof

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114976131A (en) * 2022-06-14 2022-08-30 哈尔滨工业大学(深圳) High-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell performance test system and method thereof

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