CN216277707U - Punching and cutting composite drilling tool - Google Patents
Punching and cutting composite drilling tool Download PDFInfo
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- CN216277707U CN216277707U CN202123183116.8U CN202123183116U CN216277707U CN 216277707 U CN216277707 U CN 216277707U CN 202123183116 U CN202123183116 U CN 202123183116U CN 216277707 U CN216277707 U CN 216277707U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a punching and cutting composite drilling tool, relates to the field of drilling equipment, and is mainly used for solving the problems of low working efficiency and high wear rate of a drill bit due to the fact that rock is crushed by means of rotation of the drill bit. The main structure of the drill bit comprises a PDC drill bit and an impact drill bit and is characterized by further comprising an impact structure, and the impact structure is connected with the impact drill bit. The punching and cutting composite drilling tool provided by the utility model is suitable for strata with different geological conditions, the construction efficiency is high, and the abrasion of a drill bit is small.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the field of drilling equipment, in particular to a punching and cutting composite drilling tool.
Background
Drilling is the process of drilling a formation into a cylindrical borehole having a depth using mechanical equipment. The well drilling is widely applied to a plurality of fields such as oil and gas drilling engineering, mine exploitation, geological drilling, building engineering, tunnel engineering and the like, or plays an indispensable important role in the current social development for obtaining underground buried material data, or for opening up a channel or observing geological dynamics.
Drill bits are rock breaking tools used in drilling operations to break rock and form wellbores. Conventional drill bits used in drilling engineering today are primarily tricone bits, polycrystalline diamond compact bits (i.e., PDC bits), percussion bits (also called rotary percussion bits or bits), and the like.
The tricone bit mainly breaks rock in a crushing mode (rock is broken due to the fact that teeth are pressed into the rock), the applicable stratum range is wide, but the energy utilization rate is not high, and the rock breaking efficiency is relatively low.
A PDC drill bit is a drill bit that breaks rock by scraping or shearing action of polycrystalline diamond compacts (PDC teeth, also referred to as teeth for short) on the rock. Because of the outstanding superiority in the aspects of cutting element performance and rock breaking mode, the rock breaking efficiency of the PDC drill bit in soft to medium hard formations is obviously higher than that of the tricone drill bit. Today, PDC bits are used more and more in drilling projects, in larger proportions, but are still difficult to adapt to hard, abrasive formations and severely heterogeneous formations.
The percussion drill bit is a fixed-tooth rock breaking tool used in percussion drilling in cooperation with a down-the-hole hammer. The percussion drill bit is similar in structure to a PDC bit, in that no movable parts are provided, and a certain number of cutting teeth capable of covering the area to be crushed at the bottom of the well are fixed on the bit body. The difference is mainly as follows: the cutting elements of PDC bits are primarily PDC teeth, while the cutting elements of impulse bits are primarily cemented carbide or diamond composite teeth shaped similarly to the teeth of roller cone bits.
The drill bits have the advantages, but the problems of single rock breaking mode, low rock breaking efficiency and high wear rate of the drill bits exist.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to provide a punching and cutting composite drilling tool, which aims to solve the problems of low working efficiency and high wear rate of a drill bit by only depending on the rotation of a PDC drill bit to break rock.
In order to realize the purpose of the utility model, the technical scheme is as follows: the utility model provides a dash, cut compound drilling tool, includes the drill bit, and the drill bit includes percussion bit and PDC drill bit, its characterized in that, and the impact structure includes gyration part, top extension part and axial biography power part, and gyration part connects power device. The power device drives the rotary part to rotate, the rotary part drives the ejection part to do ejection motion in the axial direction, the impact force of the axial motion is transmitted to the percussion bit through the axial force transmission part, and the percussion bit performs axial impact motion.
Furthermore, the rotary component comprises a cam, the top extending component comprises a roller and a roller seat, the axial force transmission component comprises a transmission rod and a spring, one end of the transmission rod is connected with the percussion bit, the other end of the transmission rod is connected with the roller seat, the spring is arranged on the transmission rod, and the roller is arranged on the roller seat; one end face of the cam is provided with concave-convex fluctuation, and the roller is contacted with the end face with fluctuation on the cam. The cam is an end face cam in the space cam, one end face of the cam is flat, and the other end face of the cam is provided with undulations; the power device drives the cam to rotate, the roller is driven to roll under the action of friction force, the roller moves up and down along the fluctuation of the cam to drive the roller seat to move up and down, when the roller is positioned at the high point of the cam, the spring contracts to store force, and when the roller is positioned at the low point of the cam, the spring expands to release force, the transmission rod is linked to axially expand and contract, and the impact drill bit at one end of the transmission rod is driven to impact.
Further, the PDC drill bit and the percussion drill bit are arranged at intervals. The impact crushing and the fixed cutting are matched to perform cutting uniformly and stably by the interval arrangement, the stress is uniform, the drill bit is not easy to damage, the structure is very stable, and the rock breaking effect is good; the combination of the PDC drill bit and the percussion drill bit can be 2+2, 3+3, 4+4 and the like, and the proper combination is selected according to different strata and different working conditions, so that the rock breaking efficiency is improved.
Furthermore, the concave-convex fluctuation arranged on the cam is in a continuous smooth wave shape. The fluctuation is set to be continuous and smooth wave-shaped, the rolling of the roller on the roller is smoother and smoother, the abrasion of the roller is reduced, and the impact reciprocating motion of the linked impact drill bit is smoother.
Furthermore, the percussion drill bit is provided with percussion teeth detachably connected with the drill bit body. The impact teeth can be replaced into various shapes such as a cylinder, a cone, a sphere, a polygon and the like, different impact teeth are selected corresponding to different working conditions, and the working efficiency is improved; when the impact teeth are abraded and deformed, the impact teeth can be conveniently replaced.
Further, the percussive teeth are brazed to the bit body of the percussion drill bit. The melting point of brazing solder is lower than the melting points of the impact drill bit and the impact tooth, the impact tooth is welded by brazing, firm connection is guaranteed, the impact tooth can be easily replaced when the impact tooth is heated to the melting point of the solder, and the drill bit cannot be damaged.
Further, the impact tooth material is hard alloy. The hard alloy has a series of excellent performances of high hardness, wear resistance, good strength and toughness, heat resistance, corrosion resistance and the like, particularly high hardness and wear resistance, basically keeps unchanged even at the temperature of 500 ℃, has high hardness at the temperature of 1000 ℃, and is an ideal cutter and tooth material.
Furthermore, the power device connected with the rotating part comprises a hydraulic motor, the hydraulic motor comprises a stator and a rotor, the rotor is placed in an inner cavity of the stator, the inner wall of the stator is provided with a spiral structure for guiding flow, and the rotor is also provided with a corresponding spiral structure. When high-pressure drilling fluid passes through the hydraulic motor, the hydraulic motor converts high-pressure potential energy of the drilling fluid into kinetic energy of the rotor due to the special spiral structures of the stator and the rotor, the mandrel is driven to rotate, the mandrel is linked with the cam, the cam is driven to rotate, and power is provided for the cam.
Furthermore, a transmission structure is arranged between the rotor and the rotary component. The rotary motion of the rotor is transmitted to the rotary part through the transmission structure to drive the rotary part to rotate.
Furthermore, an inner flow channel is arranged on the transmission structure and the impact structure, and a nozzle is arranged on the drill bit. The drilling fluid can be discharged from the drill bit nozzle, the cutting teeth are cooled, the drill bit is cleaned, the well bottom is cleaned, and rock debris is taken away, so that the operation is smoother.
The utility model has the beneficial effects that:
the rock breaking drill bit is provided with the impact drill bit and the PDC drill bit, the impact drill bit and the PDC drill bit act together when the rock is broken, the rock breaking drill bit is suitable for different stratums with different geological conditions, and the applicable working condition of the drill bit is greatly improved;
secondly, the impact bit is additionally arranged on the basis of the traditional PDC bit, the impact bit impacts the rock at high frequency, the rock stratum generates micro cracks, the rock stratum confining pressure is released, the strength and toughness of the rock are reduced, the rock stratum is changed from toughness crushing to brittleness crushing, the PDC bit is easier to cut into the rock stratum, and the working efficiency of the bit is improved;
the impact structure is characterized in that the circumferential rotation of the rotary part is used for linking the axial movement of the impact drill bit, and the impact structure is ingenious in structure, simple to manufacture and convenient to maintain.
Drawings
FIG. 1: the utility model has a structure schematic diagram;
FIG. 2: the utility model is a schematic diagram of a working connection state structure;
FIG. 3: the PDC drill bit and the impact drill bit are arranged schematically.
Reference numbers and corresponding part names in the drawings:
1-drill bit, 1-percussion drill bit, 1-1.1-percussion tooth, 1-2-PDC drill bit, 1-3-nozzle, 2-percussion structure, 2-1-spring, 2-cam, 2-3-roller, 2-4-roller seat, 2-5-transmission rod, 3-transmission structure, 4-hydraulic motor, 4-1-stator, 4-2-rotor, 5-runner, 5-1-outer runner, 5-2-inner runner.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
fig. 1 shows a punching and cutting composite drilling tool provided by the utility model, which comprises a drill bit 1, a punching structure 2, a transmission structure 3 and a hydraulic motor 4. The bit 1 comprises a percussion bit 1-1 and a PDC bit 1-2, the PDC bit 1-2 and the percussion bit 1-1 are arranged at intervals, and percussion teeth 1-1.1 arranged on the percussion bit 1-1 are brazed with a bit body of the percussion bit 1-1, so that the percussion teeth 1-1.1 in different shapes can be conveniently replaced according to different geological working conditions; the percussion drill bit 1-1 is connected with the percussion structure 2, the percussion structure 2 comprises a rotary part, a top extension part and an axial force transmission part, and the rotary part is connected with a power device. The rotary component comprises a cam 2-2, the top extending component comprises a roller 2-3 and a roller seat 2-4, the axial force transmission component comprises a transmission rod 2-5 and a spring 2-1, one end of the transmission rod 2-5 is connected with the percussion bit 1-1, the other end of the transmission rod is connected with the roller seat 2-4, the spring 2-1 is arranged on the transmission rod 2-5, and the roller seat 2-4 is provided with the roller 2-3; one end face of the cam 2-2 is provided with continuous, smooth and wavy concave-convex fluctuation, and the roller 2-3 is in contact with the end face with fluctuation on the cam 2-2. The power device drives the cam to rotate, the roller is driven to roll under the action of friction force, the roller moves up and down along the fluctuation of the cam, the roller seat is driven to move up and down, when the roller 2-3 is located at the high point of the cam 2-2, the spring 2-1 contracts to store force, and when the roller 2-3 is located at the low point of the cam 2-2, the spring 2-1 expands to release force, the transmission rod is linked to axially expand and contract, and the impact drill bit 1-1 at one end of the transmission rod 2-5 is driven to impact. The transmission rod 2-5 is hollow and provided with an inner flow passage (5-2), the drill bit 1 is provided with a nozzle 1-3, and the injected drilling fluid can be discharged from the drill bit 1 and is used for flushing away broken rocks, so that the operation is smoother.
As shown in fig. 2, the power device connected with the cam 2-2 comprises a hydraulic motor 4, the hydraulic motor 4 is connected with the cam 2-2 through a transmission structure 3, the hydraulic motor 4 comprises a stator 4-1 and a rotor 4-2, the rotor 4-2 is arranged in an inner cavity of the stator 4-1, a spiral structure for guiding flow is arranged on the inner wall of the stator 4-1, and a corresponding spiral structure is also arranged on the rotor 4-2. When high-pressure drilling fluid enters the hydraulic motor 4, the high-pressure drilling fluid is guided to flow through the thread structure on the inner wall of the stator 4-1 to form revolve rotary force, and then the high-pressure drilling fluid drives the rotor 4-2 to rotate through the spiral structure on the rotor 4-2. The transmission structure 3 is a universal shaft, and the rotor 4-2 is linked with the cam 2-2 through the universal shaft to drive the cam 2-2 to rotate and provide power for the cam 2-2. An outer flow channel 5-1 is formed between the stator 4-1 and the rotor 4-2 and between the universal shaft and the shell, an inner flow channel 5-2 is arranged on the transmission structure 3 and the impact structure 2, and a nozzle 1-3 is arranged on the drill bit 1 and is an outlet of the inner flow channel 5-2.
When the drilling tool is used, the punching and cutting composite drilling tool is connected to the tail end of the drill stem, and after the drilling tool enters a well, the drill bit gradually approaches to the bottom of the well. The circulating fluid is circulated inside and outside the drill string by actuating the circulating fluid driving device (drilling pump when the circulating fluid is drilling fluid and compressor when the circulating fluid is gas or primarily gas). Bit weight is applied to bit 1, rotary drilling is started, PDC bit 1-2 on the bit starts breaking down the rock at the bottom of the well, and at the same time, since the circulating fluid has already started circulating, under the drive of the circulating fluid in the drill column, the hydraulic motor 4 drives the cam 2-2 to rotate, under the action of friction force, the roller 2-3 is driven to roll, the roller 2-3 moves up and down along the fluctuation of the cam 2-2, the roller seat 2-4 is driven to move up and down, when the roller 2-3 is positioned at the high point of the cam 2-2, the spring 2-1 contracts to store force, when the roller 2-3 is positioned at the low point of the cam 2-2, the spring 2-1 relaxes and releases force, the transmission rod 2-5 is linked to axially extend and retract, the impact bit at one end of the transmission rod 2-5 is driven to impact and move, and impact crushing of the impact bit 1-1 on rock at the bottom of a well is achieved. Circulating fluid flows through the impact structure 2 and then flows out of the drill bit nozzles 1-3 through the inner flow passage 5-2, so that cutting teeth are cooled, the drill bit is cleaned, the bottom of a well is cleaned, and rock debris is carried away. The PDC drill bit 1-2 and the impact drill bit 1-1 are relatively independent in rock breaking operation, the impact drill bit 1-1 breaks rock by means of pulse impact loads of the impact teeth 1-1.1 to the rock at a certain frequency, the broken rock increases the penetration depth of the PDC drill bit 1-2, the rock breaking efficiency is improved, and abrasion of the PDC drill bit 1-2 is reduced.
Example two:
the protection scope of the utility model is not only the mechanism mentioned in the first embodiment, when the rotary part in the first embodiment is an annular boss with smooth two end surfaces, and the top extension part is a cam roller and a roller seat, when the annular boss rotates, the cam roller is driven to roll under the action of friction force, because the radius of the cam roller changes, the roller seat is driven to axially move, and the axial moving force is transmitted to the percussion bit through the axial transmission part, so that the axial percussion motion of the percussion bit can also be realized.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A punching and cutting composite drilling tool comprises a drill bit (1), wherein the drill bit (1) comprises a percussion drill bit (1-1) and a PDC drill bit (1-2), and is characterized by further comprising a percussion structure (2), the percussion structure (2) is connected with the percussion drill bit (1-1), the percussion structure (2) comprises a rotary part, a jacking part and an axial force transmission part, and the rotary part is connected with a power device; the drill bit (1) is connected with the rotating mechanism.
2. A punching and cutting composite drill according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotary part comprises a cam (2-2), the ejection part comprises a roller (2-3) and a roller seat (2-4), the axial force transmission parts comprise a transmission rod (2-5) and a spring (2-1), one end of the transmission rod (2-5) is connected with the percussion drill (1-1), the other end is connected with the roller seat (2-4), the spring (2-1) is arranged on the transmission rod (2-5), and the roller seat (2-4) is provided with the roller (2-3); one end face of the cam (2-2) is provided with concave-convex fluctuation, and the roller (2-3) is contacted with the end face with fluctuation on the cam (2-2).
3. A punching and cutting composite drilling tool according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the PDC drill bit (1-2) is arranged at a distance from the percussion drill bit (1-1).
4. A punching and cutting composite drill according to claim 2, characterized in that the relief provided on the cam (2-2) is continuously smooth and wavy.
5. A punching and cutting composite drilling tool as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the percussion drill bit (1-1) is provided with percussion teeth (1-1.1) detachably connected to the drill bit body.
6. A punch and cut composite drill tool as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that the percussion tooth (1-1.1) is brazed to the drill body of the percussion drill bit (1-1).
7. A punching and cutting composite drilling tool according to claim 5, characterized in that the material of the impact bit (1-1.1) is cemented carbide.
8. A punching and cutting composite drilling tool according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the power device connected with the rotary parts comprises a hydraulic motor (4), the hydraulic motor (4) comprises a stator (4-1) and a rotor (4-2), the rotor (4-2) is arranged in the inner cavity of the stator (4-1), the inner wall of the stator (4-1) is provided with a spiral structure for guiding flow, and the rotor (4-2) is also provided with a corresponding spiral structure.
9. A punching and cutting composite drill according to claim 8, characterized in that a transmission structure (3) is arranged between the rotor (4-2) and the rotary member.
10. A punching and cutting composite drilling tool according to claim 8, characterized in that the transmission structure (3) and the impact structure (2) are provided with inner flow channels (5-2) and the drill bit (1) is provided with nozzles (1-3).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202123183116.8U CN216277707U (en) | 2021-12-17 | 2021-12-17 | Punching and cutting composite drilling tool |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202123183116.8U CN216277707U (en) | 2021-12-17 | 2021-12-17 | Punching and cutting composite drilling tool |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN216277707U true CN216277707U (en) | 2022-04-12 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202123183116.8U Active CN216277707U (en) | 2021-12-17 | 2021-12-17 | Punching and cutting composite drilling tool |
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| CN (1) | CN216277707U (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115613964A (en) * | 2022-10-08 | 2023-01-17 | 盐城市新永佳石油机械制造有限公司 | Spinning screw drill with cam structure |
-
2021
- 2021-12-17 CN CN202123183116.8U patent/CN216277707U/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115613964A (en) * | 2022-10-08 | 2023-01-17 | 盐城市新永佳石油机械制造有限公司 | Spinning screw drill with cam structure |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| PE01 | Entry into force of the registration of the contract for pledge of patent right |
Denomination of utility model: A punching and cutting composite drilling tool Effective date of registration: 20230427 Granted publication date: 20220412 Pledgee: Shanghai Pudong Development Bank Co.,Ltd. Chengdu Branch Pledgor: Sichuan Deep & Fast Oil Drilling Tools Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2023510000112 |
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| PE01 | Entry into force of the registration of the contract for pledge of patent right |