CN216241123U - Small-sized steam-ORC two-stage solar photo-thermal power generation system - Google Patents

Small-sized steam-ORC two-stage solar photo-thermal power generation system Download PDF

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CN216241123U
CN216241123U CN202122519348.XU CN202122519348U CN216241123U CN 216241123 U CN216241123 U CN 216241123U CN 202122519348 U CN202122519348 U CN 202122519348U CN 216241123 U CN216241123 U CN 216241123U
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power generation
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heat
water
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王寒栋
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Shenzhen Polytechnic
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Shenzhen Polytechnic
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/46Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling or solar thermal engines

Abstract

The utility model discloses a small-sized steam-ORC (organic Rankine cycle) two-stage solar photo-thermal power generation system, relates to the technical field of solar energy utilization, and particularly relates to a water steam-ORC (organic working medium circulation) series-connected two-stage solar photo-thermal stepped power generation system. The utility model obtains the water vapor with relatively high energy and taste by fully utilizing the medium temperature medium heating generated by solar light-gathering and heat-collecting, and utilizes the water vapor to generate electricity; meanwhile, the exhaust steam after power generation still has higher temperature, and the ORC organic working medium is heated together by the exhaust steam and the waste heat energy of the medium-temperature medium to generate organic working medium steam for power generation again; the solar energy heat pump power generation system has the advantages that the power generation capacity is increased, the obtained solar heat is fully utilized, the system efficiency is improved, and the cooling water quantity required by the power generation system can be reduced.

Description

Small-sized steam-ORC two-stage solar photo-thermal power generation system
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of solar heat utilization, in particular to a two-stage solar photo-thermal step power generation system with water vapor-ORC (organic working medium circulation) in series connection.
Background
With the increasing awareness of environmental protection and the increasing exhaustion of petrochemical energy, people turn to adopt more measures and equipment for inexhaustible solar energy to replace the conventional energy consumption facilities. However, due to the unique periodic characteristics of solar energy, people must consider the corresponding facilities for heat storage when solar energy is absorbed and when the solar energy is contained, so that the complete usability of the solar energy utilization facilities can be ensured. In the existing solar energy utilization facilities, a photovoltaic cell is generally adopted for power generation and storage, but the manufacturing cost and the energy storage cost of the photovoltaic cell are high, the equipment cost and the production cost are increased invisibly, and the popularization and the application of the photovoltaic cell are also limited greatly. The heat storage medium can be conveniently used for storing heat energy when the sunlight is sufficient in sunlight photo-thermal utilization, and the heat energy is released for continuous utilization when no sunlight is irradiated, so that certain continuity is ensured. And the heat storage has the advantages of lower cost and easy realization compared with the electricity storage. In solar photo-thermal power generation application, the solar photo-thermal power generation device has various forms, such as a tower type, a groove type, a disc type, a linear Fresnel type and the like in terms of heat collection; in terms of heat storage, the heat storage method comprises high-temperature molten salt, medium-low temperature heat conduction oil, phase change materials and the like; the power generation equipment comprises a steam turbine expander, a screw type expander, a vortex type expander and the like, and also comprises equipment for generating power by directly utilizing temperature difference; the power generation circulating system comprises steam circulation, organic working medium circulation (ORC) and the like, and the circulating auxiliary heat source comprises single-heat source single-stage circulation, single-heat source multi-stage circulation, multi-heat source (main and auxiliary heat sources) series/parallel circulation and the like in terms of heat source and component connection mode. The power generation cycle part of the existing solar photo-thermal power generation system (containing single or multiple heat sources) is mostly single working medium cycle power generation (single stage or multiple stages), and particularly mainly uses water (water vapor) working medium. Because the phase change temperature of the water vapor is higher, the dead steam after the power generation is finished still has larger waste heat, and part of the waste heat is released to the environment in the cooling liquefaction process of the water vapor and is less utilized. In order to fully utilize the waste heat of the dead steam, the utility model provides that after the water vapor power generation, the waste heat of the dead steam is utilized to drive the ORC to continue the power generation, namely, the photo-thermal cascade power generation process and technology are utilized to improve the power generation rate of the solar energy.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to provide a small-sized steam-ORC two-stage solar photo-thermal power generation system by fully considering solar thermal energy obtained by concentration so as to realize solar gradient photo-thermal power generation and improve the power generation rate of solar energy.
The utility model is realized by the following technical scheme: the small-sized steam-ORC two-stage solar photo-thermal power generation system comprises a solar light-gathering and heat-collecting system, a heat-conducting oil heat exchange system, a steam cycle power generation system, an ORC power generation system, a cooling water system, a control system and the like;
the solar light-gathering and heat-collecting system consists of a trough type heat collector, a low-level oil tank, a high-level oil tank, a valve and a heat-collecting circulating oil pump, wherein the inlet end and the outlet end of the trough type heat collector are respectively connected with the outlet end of the heat-collecting circulating oil pump and the hot oil inlet end of the high-level oil tank;
the heat exchange oil heat exchange system comprises a valve, a heat exchange coil in the steam boiler and a heat exchange circulating oil pump, wherein the inlet end and the outlet end of the heat exchange circulating oil pump are respectively connected with the second hot oil outlet end of a high-level oil tank in the solar concentrating and heat collecting system and the inlet end of the heat exchange coil in the steam boiler, and the outlet end of the heat exchange coil in the steam boiler is connected with the cold oil inlet end of a high-level oil tank in the solar concentrating and heat collecting system through the valve;
the steam cycle power generation system comprises a steam boiler, a steam expansion generator, a first inlet end and a first outlet end of an exhaust steam-ORC heat exchanger, a condensing cooler, a water condensing tank and a boiler water feeding pump, wherein the steam outlet end of the steam boiler is connected with the steam expansion generator;
the ORC power generation system comprises a valve, an ORC reheater, an ORC expansion generator, an ORC working medium condensing and liquid storage device, an ORC working medium booster pump and a second inlet end and a second outlet end of the exhaust steam-ORC heat exchanger, the two ends of the valve are respectively connected with the outlet end of a heat exchange circulating oil pump of the heat transfer oil heat exchange system and the hot oil inlet end of an ORC reheater, the cold oil outlet end of the ORC reheater is connected with the cold oil inlet end of a high-level oil tank of the heat transfer oil heat exchange system through the valve, an ORC working medium pipeline in the ORC reheater is connected with an ORC expansion generator, an ORC working medium passing through the ORC expansion generator is communicated with an ORC working medium condensing and liquid storage device, the two ends of the inlet and the outlet of an ORC working medium booster pump are respectively connected with the liquid outlet of the ORC working medium condensing and liquid storage device and the second inlet end of the exhaust steam-ORC heat exchanger, and the second outlet end of the exhaust steam-ORC heat exchanger is connected with the ORC working medium inlet of the ORC reheater;
the cooling water system comprises a cooling tower, cooling water pumps and valves, wherein a water inlet of each cooling water pump is connected with a water outlet of the cooling tower, a water outlet of each cooling water pump is connected with inlet ends of 2 valves through a tee joint, a water outlet of one valve is connected with a water inlet of a condenser cooler in the steam cycle power generation system, a water outlet of the other valve is connected with a water inlet of an ORC working medium condensing and liquid storage device in the ORC power generation system, and a water inlet of the cooling tower is respectively connected with a water outlet of the condenser cooler in the steam cycle power generation system and a water outlet of the ORC working medium condensing and liquid storage device in the ORC power generation system.
The lower part of the water condensing tank is connected with an external water inlet pipeline through a valve.
The control system controls the opening and closing actions of the valve.
The valve is an electric valve or an electromagnetic valve.
The utility model obtains the water vapor with relatively high energy and taste by fully utilizing the medium temperature medium heating generated by solar light-gathering and heat-collecting, and utilizes the water vapor to generate electricity; meanwhile, the exhaust steam after power generation still has higher temperature, and the ORC organic working medium is heated together by the exhaust steam and the waste heat energy of the medium-temperature medium to generate organic working medium steam for power generation again; the solar energy heat pump power generation system has the advantages that the power generation capacity is increased, the obtained solar heat is fully utilized, the system efficiency is improved, and the cooling water quantity required by the power generation system can be reduced.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Wherein:
1: trough collector, 2: low-level oil tank, 3: high-level oil tank, 4: steam boiler, 5: steam expansion generator, 6: ORC reheater, 7: dead steam-ORC heat exchanger, 8: condenser cooler, 9: cooling tower, 10: cooling water pump, 11: condensate tank, 12: boiler feed pump, 13: ORC working medium booster pump, 14: ORC expansion generator, 15: ORC working fluid condensing and reservoir, 16: heat exchange circulating oil pump 17: heat collection circulating oil pump: V1-V9: and (4) a valve.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
referring to the attached figure 1, the small-sized steam-ORC two-stage solar photo-thermal power generation system comprises a solar light-gathering and heat-collecting system, a heat-conducting oil heat exchange system, a steam cycle power generation system, an ORC power generation system, a cooling water system, a control system and the like;
the solar light-gathering and heat-collecting system consists of a trough type heat collector 1, a low-level oil tank 2, a high-level oil tank 3, valves V1, V2, V3 and a heat-collecting circulating oil pump 17, wherein the inlet end and the outlet end of the trough type heat collector 1 are respectively connected with the outlet end of the heat-collecting circulating oil pump 17 and the hot oil inlet end of the high-level oil tank 3, a valve V2 is arranged between the inlet end of the heat-collecting circulating oil pump 17 and the cold oil outlet end of the high-level oil tank 3, the inlet end of the low-level oil tank 2 is connected with the first hot oil outlet end of the high-level oil tank 3 through a valve V1, and the outlet end of the low-level oil tank 2 is connected between the inlet end of the heat-collecting circulating oil pump 17 and a valve V2 through a valve V3;
the heat-conducting oil heat exchange system comprises a valve V4, a heat exchange coil in the steam boiler 4 and a heat exchange circulating oil pump 16, wherein the inlet end and the outlet end of the heat exchange circulating oil pump 16 are respectively connected with the second hot oil outlet end of a high-level oil tank 3 in the solar concentrating heat collection system and the inlet end of the heat exchange coil in the steam boiler 4, and the outlet end of the heat exchange coil in the steam boiler 4 is connected with the cold oil inlet end of the high-level oil tank 3 in the solar concentrating heat collection system through a valve V4;
the steam cycle power generation system comprises a steam boiler 4, a steam expansion generator 5, a first inlet end and a first outlet end of an exhaust steam-ORC heat exchanger 7, a condensing cooler 8, a water condensing tank 11 and a boiler water feeding pump 12, wherein the steam outlet end of the steam boiler 4 is connected with the steam expansion generator 5, a steam pipeline after power generation is connected with the first inlet end of the exhaust steam-ORC heat exchanger 7, the first outlet end of the exhaust steam-ORC heat exchanger 7 is connected with the inlet end of the condensing cooler 8, the outlet end of the condensing cooler 8 is connected with the inlet end of the water condensing tank 11, and the outlet end of the water condensing tank 11 is connected with a water replenishing port of the steam boiler 4 through the boiler water feeding pump 12;
the ORC power generation system comprises valves V5 and V6, an ORC reheater 6, an ORC expansion generator 14, an ORC working fluid condensation and liquid storage device 15, an ORC working fluid booster pump 13 and a second inlet end and a second outlet end of a dead steam-ORC heat exchanger 7, the two ends of the valve V6 are respectively connected to the outlet end of a heat exchange circulating oil pump 16 of the heat transfer oil heat exchange system and the hot oil inlet end of an ORC reheater 6, the cold oil outlet end of the ORC reheater 6 is connected with the cold oil inlet end of a high-level oil tank 3 of the heat transfer oil heat exchange system through a valve V5, an ORC working medium pipeline in the ORC reheater 6 is connected with an ORC expansion generator 14, an ORC working medium passing through the ORC expansion generator 14 is communicated with an ORC working medium condensation and liquid storage device 15, the two ends of the inlet and the outlet of an ORC working medium booster pump 13 are respectively connected to the liquid outlet of the ORC working medium condensation and liquid storage device 15 and the second inlet end of the exhaust steam-ORC heat exchanger 7, and the second outlet end of the exhaust steam-ORC heat exchanger 7 is connected with the ORC working medium inlet of the ORC reheater 6;
the cooling water system comprises a cooling tower 9, a cooling water pump 10 and valves V7 and V8, wherein a water inlet of cooling water/10 is connected with a water outlet of the cooling tower 9, a water outlet of the cooling water/10 is connected with inlet ends of 2 valves V7 and V8 through a tee joint, the water outlet of one valve V7 is connected with a water inlet of a condenser cooler 8 in the steam cycle power generation system, the water outlet of the other valve V8 is connected with a water inlet of an ORC working medium condensing and liquid storage device 15 in the ORC power generation system, and a water inlet of the cooling tower 9 is respectively connected with a water outlet of a condenser in the steam cycle power generation system and a water outlet of the ORC working medium condensing and liquid storage device in the ORC power generation system.
The lower part of the water condensation tank 11 is connected with an external water inlet pipeline through a valve V9.
The control system controls the opening and closing actions of the valves V1-V9.
The valves V1-V9 are electric valves or electromagnetic valves.
The power generation working mode when the utility model is applied is as follows:
1) generating power by using water vapor alone: the valves V5, V6 and V8 are closed, the valves V2, V4 and V7 are opened, and the heat-conducting oil enters the trough heat collector 1 through the heat-collecting circulating oil pump 17 to be heated and enters the high-level oil tank 3. When the temperature of the heat transfer oil meets the power generation requirement, a heat exchange circulating oil pump 16 is started, high-temperature heat transfer oil enters a steam boiler 4 to heat water in the steam boiler 4 to generate steam meeting the pressure required by steam power generation, the steam enters and drives an expansion generator 5 to generate power, the generated steam (or a mixture of the steam and hot water) flows into a condenser cooler 8 through a first inlet end and a first outlet end of an exhaust steam-ORC heat exchanger 7, the steam is cooled by cooling water in the condenser cooler 8 to be completely cooled into liquid water, the liquid water then flows into a water condensing tank 11, and a boiler water feeding pump 12 circularly conveys the liquid water in the water condensing tank 11 to the steam boiler 4 to enter the next cycle. The heat conduction oil after heat release from the steam boiler 4 flows back to the high-level oil tank 3 through a valve V4 to be mixed with the high-temperature heat conduction oil generated by the trough type heat collector 1, one part of the mixed heat conduction oil is driven by the heat exchange circulating oil pump 16 to participate in heat exchange and steam power generation circulation, and the other part of the mixed heat conduction oil is driven by the heat collection circulating oil pump 17 to enter the trough type heat collector 1 to continuously obtain heat and be heated, so that continuous heat collection-heat exchange-steam power generation circulation is formed. The water condensing tank 11 has a liquid level control function, and when the liquid level of the water condensing tank is lower than a set value, the valve V9 is opened, and external tap water is used for supplementing water to the water condensing tank 11. In this operation mode, the valve V8 is closed and the valve V7 is opened, and the cooling water flows from the cooling tower 9 and the cooling water pump 10 to the condenser cooler 8 and then returns to the cooling tower 9.
When the solar energy is sufficient, the solar energy can be used for photo-thermal power generation, and redundant heat energy can be stored in the low-level oil tank 2 through the heat conduction oil. At this time, the valves V1 and V3 are partially opened, so that the heat transfer oil in the low-level oil tank 2 is mixed with the oil in the high-level oil tank 3 at a certain flow rate and then heated by the trough-type heat collector 1, the heat transfer oil in the low-level oil tank 2 is gradually heated to a certain temperature after a plurality of cycles, and when the temperature of the heat transfer oil in the low-level oil tank 2 reaches a set upper limit temperature, the tracking of the trough-type heat collector 1 to the sun can be stopped to avoid the oil temperature from being too high.
2) ORC alone for power generation: at the moment, the operation of the heat collection part is the same as that of single steam power generation, the valve V4 of the heat exchange part is closed, the valves V6 and V5 are opened, and the heat conduction oil of the high-level oil tank 3 enters the ORC reheater 6 to directly heat the ORC working medium. The gas ORC working medium generated in the ORC reheater 6 enters an ORC expansion generator 14 to generate power, the generated ORC working medium enters an ORC working medium condensing and liquid storage device 15 to be cooled, liquefied and stored in a lower space by cooling water, and the liquid ORC working medium is further pressurized by an ORC working medium booster pump 13 and then enters the ORC reheater 6 through a second inlet end and a second outlet end (without steam supply) of the exhaust steam-ORC heat exchanger 7 to be heated, and then enters the next cycle. The heat transfer oil after heat release from the ORC reheater 6 returns to the high-level oil tank 3 through a valve V5 to be mixed with the high-temperature heat transfer oil from the trough heat collector 1, and the mixed heat transfer oil is divided into two paths to respectively participate in the next cycle (the same as a single steam power generation cycle). In this mode of operation, valve V7 is closed and valve V8 is open, and cooling water is pumped from cooling tower 9, cooling water 10 to ORC working fluid condensing and storage tank 15 and then back to cooling tower 9.
3) Water vapor-ORC co-generation: at this time, the heat collecting part is the same as the former two operation modes. The heat exchange part operates in the following way: the heat conduction oil pumped from the high-level oil tank 3 firstly passes through a steam boiler 4 to heat water to generate steam, the steam enters a steam expansion generator 5 to generate power, then enters an exhaust steam-ORC heat exchanger 7 to heat an ORC working medium to cool the ORC working medium, then enters a condensing cooler 8 to be cooled by cooling water to condense liquid water at the condensing position, then flows into a condensing water tank 11, is pressurized by a boiler water feeding pump 12 and then is supplied to the steam boiler 4 to enter the next steam power generation cycle. The temperature and the pressure of the ORC working fluid heated in the dead steam-ORC heat exchanger 7 are detected before flowing into the ORC reheater 6, if the temperature and the pressure of the working fluid can meet the parameter requirements of ORC power generation, the valve V6 and the valve V5 do not need to be opened (the ORC working fluid does not need to be heated again by utilizing heat conduction oil), and the ORC working fluid directly flows through the ORC reheater 6 to enter the ORC expansion generator 14 for power generation; if the parameters of the ORC working medium before entering the ORC reheater 6 can not meet the power generation requirement, opening a valve V6 and a valve V5 under a controlled state, and simultaneously pumping part of high-temperature heat transfer oil into the ORC reheater 6 to further heat the ORC working medium so that the parameters of the ORC working medium can meet the power generation requirement; the ORC steam from the ORC reheater 6 enters an ORC expansion generator 14 to generate power, and then enters a second inlet end and a second outlet end of the ORC heat exchanger 7 through an ORC working fluid condensation and storage device 15 and an ORC working fluid booster pump 13 to participate in the next ORC working fluid power generation cycle. The heat transfer oil released in the ORC reheater 6 is mixed with the heat transfer oil released from the steam boiler 4 through the valve V5, and is returned to the high-level oil tank 3 together to participate in the next heat transfer oil cycle. In this operation mode, the valves V7 and V8 are both opened, and the cooling water flows from the cooling tower 9 and the cooling water pump 10 to the ORC working fluid condensing and storing device 15 and the condenser cooler 8, respectively, and then returns to the cooling tower 9, respectively.
The present invention has:
1) a secondary power generation system is provided in the application of small-sized solar photo-thermal power generation, so that the power generation capacity and the system efficiency are improved, and the heat loss is reduced;
2) the low-level heat-conducting oil tank is arranged and is used as heat storage equipment at the same time, and the low-level heat-conducting oil tank can be used for continuously supplying heat and generating electricity when no sunlight exists.
3) The novel solar photo-thermal power generation system can run in multiple modes, and can also comprise day and night running modes, so that the system runs more stably, and the power generation running time is longer.

Claims (4)

1. The small-sized steam-ORC two-stage solar photo-thermal power generation system comprises a solar light-gathering and heat-collecting system, a heat-conducting oil heat exchange system, a water steam circulating power generation system, an ORC power generation system, a cooling water system, a control system and the like; the method is characterized in that:
the solar light-gathering and heat-collecting system consists of a trough type heat collector, a low-level oil tank, a high-level oil tank, a valve and a heat-collecting circulating oil pump, wherein the inlet end and the outlet end of the trough type heat collector are respectively connected with the outlet end of the heat-collecting circulating oil pump and the hot oil inlet end of the high-level oil tank;
the heat exchange oil heat exchange system comprises a valve, a heat exchange coil in the steam boiler and a heat exchange circulating oil pump, wherein the inlet end and the outlet end of the heat exchange circulating oil pump are respectively connected with the second hot oil outlet end of a high-level oil tank in the solar concentrating and heat collecting system and the inlet end of the heat exchange coil in the steam boiler, and the outlet end of the heat exchange coil in the steam boiler is connected with the cold oil inlet end of a high-level oil tank in the solar concentrating and heat collecting system through the valve;
the steam cycle power generation system comprises a steam boiler, a steam expansion generator, a first inlet end and a first outlet end of an exhaust steam-ORC heat exchanger, a condensing cooler, a water condensing tank and a boiler water feeding pump, wherein the steam outlet end of the steam boiler is connected with the steam expansion generator;
the ORC power generation system comprises a valve, an ORC reheater, an ORC expansion generator, an ORC working medium condensing and liquid storage device, an ORC working medium booster pump and a second inlet end and a second outlet end of the exhaust steam-ORC heat exchanger, the two ends of the valve are respectively connected with the outlet end of a heat exchange circulating oil pump of the heat transfer oil heat exchange system and the hot oil inlet end of an ORC reheater, the cold oil outlet end of the ORC reheater is connected with the cold oil inlet end of a high-level oil tank of the heat transfer oil heat exchange system through the valve, an ORC working medium pipeline in the ORC reheater is connected with an ORC expansion generator, an ORC working medium passing through the ORC expansion generator is communicated with an ORC working medium condensing and liquid storage device, the two ends of the inlet and the outlet of an ORC working medium booster pump are respectively connected with the liquid outlet of the ORC working medium condensing and liquid storage device and the second inlet end of the exhaust steam-ORC heat exchanger, and the second outlet end of the exhaust steam-ORC heat exchanger is connected with the ORC working medium inlet of the ORC reheater;
the cooling water system comprises a cooling tower, cooling water pumps and valves, wherein a water inlet of each cooling water pump is connected with a water outlet of the cooling tower, a water outlet of each cooling water pump is connected with inlet ends of 2 valves through a tee joint, a water outlet of one valve is connected with a water inlet of a condenser cooler in the steam cycle power generation system, a water outlet of the other valve is connected with a water inlet of an ORC working medium condensing and liquid storage device in the ORC power generation system, and a water inlet of the cooling tower is respectively connected with a water outlet of the condenser cooler in the steam cycle power generation system and a water outlet of the ORC working medium condensing and liquid storage device in the ORC power generation system.
2. The compact steam-ORC two-stage solar photo-thermal power generation system of claim 1, wherein: the lower part of the water condensing tank is connected with an external water inlet pipeline through a valve.
3. The compact steam-ORC two-stage solar photo-thermal power generation system of claim 1, wherein: the control system controls the opening and closing actions of the valve.
4. The compact steam-ORC two-stage solar photo-thermal power generation system of claim 1, wherein: the valve is an electric valve or an electromagnetic valve.
CN202122519348.XU 2021-10-20 2021-10-20 Small-sized steam-ORC two-stage solar photo-thermal power generation system Active CN216241123U (en)

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CN202122519348.XU CN216241123U (en) 2021-10-20 2021-10-20 Small-sized steam-ORC two-stage solar photo-thermal power generation system

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