CN216101434U

CN216101434U - Heat management system integrating pure electric commercial vehicle heat pump air conditioner and battery cooling

Info

Publication number: CN216101434U
Application number: CN202121838382.7U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吕文帅; 岳冬冬; 刘治兴; 吴海; 焦柯平
Original assignee: Shaanxi Heavy Duty Automobile Co Ltd
Current assignee: Shaanxi Heavy Duty Automobile Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-08-06
Filing date: 2021-08-06
Publication date: 2022-03-22
Anticipated expiration: 2031-08-06

Abstract

The utility model discloses a heat pump air-conditioning and battery cooling integrated heat management system for a pure electric commercial vehicle, which comprises an electric compressor, a drying tank, a condenser, an evaporator, an expansion valve and a four-way reversing valve, wherein the condenser, the drying tank and the evaporator are communicated to form a first circulation unit, the battery condenser is communicated with a plate heat exchanger to form a second circulation unit, a pressure switch, the electric compressor, a gas-liquid separator and the four-way reversing valve are communicated to form a third circulation unit, and the first circulation unit and the second circulation unit are connected with the third circulation unit in parallel through the four-way reversing valve. The two condensers share one compressor, and the air conditioner and the battery cooling are respectively connected in parallel by the two condensers and the electric compressor, so that the air conditioning system can meet the refrigeration requirement of the battery cooling under two working conditions of refrigeration and heating.

Description

Heat management system integrating pure electric commercial vehicle heat pump air conditioner and battery cooling

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of new energy automobile air conditioners, and particularly relates to a heat pump air conditioner and battery cooling integrated thermal management system for a pure electric commercial vehicle.

Background

At present, the driver's cab of the new energy commercial vehicle generally adopts an R134a electric compression evaporation mode for refrigeration and a PTC air heating mode for heating, the PTC power consumption is high, and the endurance mileage of the whole vehicle is influenced. The battery cooling system adopts an independent battery cooling unit in a liquid cooling mode, namely, main parts such as an independent electric compressor, a condenser, a plate heat exchanger and an expansion valve are all arranged in the unit, and only a part of water pipes and high-low voltage wiring harnesses are needed to connect the battery cooling unit to the power battery pack. The air conditioning system and the battery cooling are mutually independent and form a system.

The heat pump air conditioning system realizes the change of the flow direction of the refrigerant through a set of systems such as an electric compressor, a condenser, an evaporator, a four-way reversing valve and the like, and combines the heat absorption and release characteristics of the refrigerant to ensure that the functions of the condenser outside the cabin and the evaporator inside the cabin are interchanged, thereby achieving the purposes of refrigeration and heating. The PTC heating efficiency of the traditional electric vehicle is lower than 1, the heating energy efficiency ratio of the heat pump air-conditioning system in winter can reach 2-4, and the energy consumption can be reduced by 10% -60% by adopting the heat pump air-conditioning system heating theory in winter. The existing vehicle types matched with the heat pump air conditioner in the domestic market are mainly concentrated on new energy passenger vehicle types with slightly high relative heights.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to provide a heat management system integrating heat pump air conditioning and battery cooling of a pure electric commercial vehicle, which can further reduce the cost of the whole vehicle while realizing energy conservation and consumption reduction through integration improvement.

A heat pump air-conditioning and battery cooling integrated heat management system for a pure electric commercial vehicle comprises an electric compressor, a drying tank, a condenser, an evaporator, an expansion valve and a four-way reversing valve.

The condenser, the drying tank and the evaporator are communicated to form a first circulation unit.

And the battery condenser is communicated with the plate heat exchanger to form a second circulation unit.

And the pressure switch, the electric compressor, the gas-liquid separator and the four-way reversing valve are communicated to form a third circulating unit.

The first circulation unit and the second circulation unit are connected with the third circulation unit in parallel through a four-way reversing valve.

The two condensers share one compressor, and the air conditioner and the battery cooling are respectively connected in parallel by the two condensers and the electric compressor, so that the air conditioning system can meet the refrigeration requirement of the battery cooling under two working conditions of refrigeration and heating.

Furthermore, in the first circulation unit, the condenser and the evaporator are respectively communicated with the four-way reversing valve, in the second circulation unit, the plate heat exchanger is communicated between the gas-liquid separator and the four-way reversing valve, and the battery condenser is communicated between the four-way reversing valve and the pressure switch.

The condenser is connected with the first electromagnetic stop valve in series, and the condenser is connected with the second electromagnetic stop valve in series.

And one end of the second electronic expansion valve is communicated between the first electronic expansion valve and the evaporator, the other end of the second electronic expansion valve is communicated between the first electromagnetic stop valve and the condenser, and the two-way flow of the refrigerant is realized by arranging the two electronic expansion valves.

Furthermore, one end of the four-way reversing valve is communicated between the fifth electromagnetic stop valve and the pressure switch through the fourth electromagnetic stop valve, and the other end of the four-way reversing valve is communicated between the plate heat exchanger and the gas-liquid separator. The heat pump air conditioner and the battery cooler are connected in parallel by adopting two condensers and an electric compressor, and the electric compressor is shared, so that the air conditioning system can meet the refrigeration requirement of battery cooling under two working conditions of refrigeration and heating. The plate heat exchanger is used for exchanging heat with the power battery.

Furthermore, 1 port of the four-way reversing valve is communicated between the plate heat exchanger and the gas-liquid separator, 2 ports of the four-way reversing valve are connected to the fourth electromagnetic stop valve, 3 ports of the four-way reversing valve are connected to the first electromagnetic stop valve, and 4 ports of the four-way reversing valve are connected to the first refrigerant sensor.

Further, the condenser adopts external PTC to carry out condenser defrosting and supplementary heat, sets up the condenser PTC externally, the condenser is arranged at motor radiator front end, can borrow motor radiator's electric fan, electric compressor can arrange in a flexible way in the suitable position of whole car, the condenser flat tube is arranged along vertical direction, and possess two entrances and two exports respectively, heat pump air conditioner is equipped with and is equipped with built-in PTC and reserves the mount pad, the condenser adopts external PTC to carry out condenser defrosting and supplementary heat.

The utility model not only reduces the cost and the weight of the whole vehicle, but also ensures the functions and the reliability of the battery cooling and air conditioning system by sharing the electric compressor; by adopting a four-way reversing valve type heat pump air conditioner integration scheme, the power consumption of an air conditioning system is reduced, and the arrangement difficulty of an air conditioning pipeline is also reduced; the control function of the heat pump valve body is independently separated from the air conditioner controller, so that the modularized expansion of an air conditioning system is realized, and the universality of platforms of various vehicles is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 illustrates the operation of a heat pump air conditioner and battery cooling integrated thermal management system;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an integrated heat pump air conditioning system arrangement;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the heat pump air conditioner in the single cooling mode;

FIG. 4 illustrates the operation principle of the heat pump air conditioner and the battery cooling in the simultaneous cooling mode;

FIG. 5 illustrates the operation principle of the heat pump air conditioner in the single heating mode;

FIG. 6 shows the working principle of the simultaneous working mode of air-conditioning heating and battery cooling of the heat pump;

fig. 7 shows the principle of the battery cooling only cooling mode (the valves marked with slashes in the figure indicate off).

1-an electric compressor; 2-a gas-liquid separator; 3-a battery cooler; a 4-four-way reversing valve; 5-a third electromagnetic stop valve; 6-a first electromagnetic stop valve; 7-a second electronic expansion valve; 8-a heat pump controller; 9-a built-in PTC reserved mounting seat; 10-a condenser; 11-condenser PTC; 12-a second electromagnetic stop valve; 13-a first electronic expansion valve; 14-an air conditioner controller; 15-heat pump air conditioner; 16-a fan; 17-fourth electromagnetic stop valve.

Detailed Description

The utility model is further described with reference to the following figures and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the description of the embodiments is provided to help understanding of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Functional details disclosed herein are merely illustrative of example embodiments of the utility model. This invention may, however, be embodied in many alternate forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein.

It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments of the utility model. When the terms "comprises," "comprising," "includes," and/or "including" are used herein, they specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.

It should also be noted that, in some alternative implementations, the functions/acts noted may occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, two figures shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the figures may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality/acts involved.

It should be understood that specific details are provided in the following description to facilitate a thorough understanding of example embodiments. However, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the example embodiments may be practiced without these specific details. For example, systems may be shown in block diagrams in order not to obscure the examples in unnecessary detail. In other instances, well-known processes, structures and techniques may be shown without unnecessary detail in order to avoid obscuring example embodiments.

Example 1:

as shown in fig. 1, the heat pump air conditioner 15 and battery cooling integrated thermal management system for the pure electric commercial vehicle comprises an electric compressor 1, a drying tank, a condenser 10, an evaporator, an expansion valve and a four-way reversing valve 4.

The condenser 10, the drying tank and the evaporator are communicated to form a first circulation unit.

The battery condenser 10 and the plate heat exchanger are communicated to form a second circulation unit.

And the pressure switch, the electric compressor 1, the gas-liquid separator 2 and the four-way reversing valve 4 are communicated to form a third circulation unit.

The first circulation unit and the second circulation unit are connected with the third circulation unit in parallel through a four-way reversing valve 4.

Example 2:

in the first circulation unit, as shown in fig. 2, the condenser 10 and the evaporator are connected to the four-way selector valve 4 in addition to the embodiment 1.

In the second circulation unit, the plate heat exchanger is communicated between the gas-liquid separator 2 and the four-way reversing valve 4, and the battery condenser 10 is communicated between the four-way reversing valve 4 and the pressure switch.

The condenser is characterized by further comprising a second refrigerant sensor, wherein the second refrigerant sensor is connected with the first electromagnetic stop valve 6 and the condenser 10 in parallel, and the second refrigerant sensor is connected with the third electromagnetic stop valve 5 in series.

The condenser is characterized by further comprising a second electronic expansion valve 7, wherein one end of the second electronic expansion valve 7 is communicated between the first electronic expansion valve 13 and the evaporator, and the other end of the second electronic expansion valve 7 is communicated between the first electromagnetic stop valve 6 and the condenser 10.

Two electronic expansion valves are arranged to realize the bidirectional flow of the refrigerant.

One end of the four-way reversing valve 4 is communicated between the fifth electromagnetic stop valve and the pressure switch through a fourth electromagnetic stop valve 17, the other end of the four-way reversing valve 4 is communicated between the plate heat exchanger and the gas-liquid separator 2, and the fourth electromagnetic stop valve is used for controlling the communication between the first circulating unit and the third circulating unit.

The heat pump air conditioner 15 and the battery cooler 3 are connected in parallel by adopting two condensers 10 and the electric compressor 1, and the electric compressor 1 is shared, so that the air conditioning system can meet the refrigeration requirement of battery cooling under two working conditions of refrigeration and heating.

The plate heat exchanger is used for exchanging heat with the power battery.

And a port 1 of the four-way reversing valve 4 is communicated between the plate heat exchanger and the gas-liquid separator 2, a port 2 of the four-way reversing valve 4 is connected to the fourth electromagnetic stop valve 17, a port 3 of the four-way reversing valve 4 is connected to the first electromagnetic stop valve 6, and a port 4 of the four-way reversing valve 4 is connected to the first refrigerant sensor.

The inlet is 2 ports of the four-way reversing valve 4, the outlet is 1 port of the four-way reversing valve 4, and the inlet and the outlet can be 3 ports and 4 ports of the four-way reversing valve 4.

The condenser 10 uses an external PTC to defrost and replenish heat to the condenser 10, with the condenser PTC11 being located externally.

The condenser 10 is arranged at the front end of the motor radiator, and an electric fan 16 of the motor radiator can be used.

The electric compressor 1 can be flexibly arranged at a suitable position of the whole vehicle.

The condenser 10 flat tubes are arranged in the vertical direction and have two inlets and two outlets respectively.

The heat pump air conditioner 15 is provided with a built-in PTC reserved mounting seat 9.

Example 3:

in addition to embodiment 2, as shown in fig. 3, the heat pump air conditioner 15 performs cooling alone. When the air conditioner controller 14 only detects two signals of an AC opening signal of the air conditioner and the set temperature-the temperature in the vehicle is less than or equal to 0 ℃, the judgment system enters the independent refrigeration mode of the heat pump air conditioner 15. After the mode is entered, the heat pump controller 8 closes the third electromagnetic stop valve 5, the fifth electromagnetic stop valve and the second electronic expansion valve 7, the four-way reversing valve 4 maintains the initial state, the refrigerant flows in the direction shown in fig. 3, and the rotating speed of the electric compressor 1 is automatically adjusted according to the set temperature. (valves marked with diagonal lines in the figure indicate shutoff)

Example 4:

in addition to embodiment 2, as shown in fig. 4, the heat pump air conditioner 15 cools simultaneously with the battery cooler 3. When the air conditioner controller 14 detects three signals of an air conditioner AC starting signal, a battery cooling demand signal and a set temperature-in-vehicle temperature less than or equal to 0 ℃, the judging system enters a heat pump air conditioner 15 and battery cooler 3 simultaneous refrigeration mode. After the mode is entered, the electric compressor 1 is started, the heat pump controller 8 closes the third electromagnetic stop valve 5 and the second electronic expansion valve 7, the four-way reversing valve 4 maintains the initial state, the refrigerant flows in the direction shown in fig. 4, and the rotating speed of the electric compressor 1 is automatically adjusted according to the set temperature.

Example 5:

in addition to embodiment 2, as shown in fig. 5, the heat pump air conditioner 15 heats alone. When the air conditioner controller 14 only detects an AC opening signal of the air conditioner and sets two signals of temperature-the temperature in the vehicle is more than 0 ℃, the judgment system enters a single heating mode of the heat pump air conditioner 15. After the mode is entered, the electric compressor 1 is started, the heat pump controller 8 closes the first electromagnetic stop valve 6, the second electromagnetic stop valve 12, the fifth electromagnetic stop valve and the first electronic expansion valve 13, the four-way reversing valve 4 rotates 90 degrees compared with the initial state, the refrigerant flows in the direction shown in fig. 5, and the rotating speed of the electric compressor 1 is automatically adjusted according to the set temperature.

Example 6:

in addition to embodiment 2, as shown in fig. 6, the heat pump air conditioner 15 operates for heating simultaneously with the cooling of the battery cooler 3. When the air conditioner controller 14 detects three signals of an air conditioner AC starting signal, a battery cooling demand signal and a set temperature-in-vehicle temperature > 0 ℃, the judging system enters a simultaneous working mode of heating of the heat pump air conditioner 15 and refrigerating of the battery cooler. After entering the mode, the electric compressor 1 is started, the heat pump controller 8 closes the first electromagnetic stop valve 6, the second electromagnetic stop valve 12 and the first electronic expansion valve 13, the four-way reversing valve 4 maintains the initial state, the refrigerant flows in the direction shown in fig. 6, and the rotating speed of the electric compressor 1 is automatically adjusted according to the set temperature.

Example 7:

on the basis of example 2, the battery cooler cools alone as shown in fig. 7. When the air conditioner controller 14 does not detect the air conditioner AC on signal but detects only the demand signal for battery cooling, it is determined that the system enters the cooling-only operation mode of the battery cooler 3. After entering the mode, the electric compressor 1 is turned on, the heat pump controller 8 closes the fourth electromagnetic stop valve 17, the refrigerant flows in the direction shown in fig. 7, and the rotation speed of the electric compressor 1 is automatically adjusted according to the demand of the battery cooler 3.

The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: modifications of the technical solutions described in the embodiments or equivalent replacements of some technical features may still be made. And such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described alternative embodiments, and various other forms of products can be obtained by anyone in light of the present invention. The above detailed description should not be taken as limiting the scope of the utility model, which is defined in the claims, and which the description is intended to be interpreted accordingly.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a pure electric commercial car heat pump air conditioner and battery cooling integrated thermal management system which characterized in that: comprises an electric compressor (1), a drying tank, a condenser (10), an evaporator, an expansion valve and a four-way reversing valve (4);

the condenser (10), the drying tank and the evaporator are communicated to form a first circulation unit;

the battery condenser (10) is communicated with the plate heat exchanger to form a second circulation unit;

the pressure switch, the electric compressor (1), the gas-liquid separator (2) and the four-way reversing valve (4) are communicated to form a third circulating unit;

the first circulation unit and the second circulation unit are connected with the third circulation unit in parallel through a four-way reversing valve (4).

2. The integrated thermal management system for heat pump air conditioning and battery cooling of a pure electric commercial vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the first circulation unit, a condenser (10) and an evaporator are respectively communicated with a four-way reversing valve (4);

in the second circulation unit, the plate heat exchanger is communicated between the gas-liquid separator (2) and the four-way reversing valve (4), and the battery condenser (10) is communicated between the four-way reversing valve (4) and the pressure switch.

3. The integrated thermal management system for heat pump air conditioning and battery cooling of a pure electric commercial vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: a first electromagnetic stop valve (6) is connected between the condenser (10) and the four-way reversing valve (4), and a second electromagnetic stop valve (12) is connected between the condenser (10) and the drying tank;

a first electronic expansion valve (13) is connected between the drying tank and the evaporator, and a first refrigerant sensor is connected between the evaporator and the four-way reversing valve (4);

and a fifth electromagnetic stop valve is connected between the pressure switch and the battery condenser (10), and a thermal expansion valve is connected between the battery condenser (10) and the plate heat exchanger.

4. The integrated thermal management system for heat pump air conditioning and battery cooling of a pure electric commercial vehicle according to claim 3, characterized in that: the system also comprises a second refrigerant sensor which is connected with the first electromagnetic stop valve (6) and the condenser (10) in parallel.

5. The integrated thermal management system for heat pump air conditioning and battery cooling of a pure electric commercial vehicle according to claim 4, characterized in that: the second refrigerant sensor is connected with a third electromagnetic stop valve (5) in series.

6. The integrated thermal management system for heat pump air conditioning and battery cooling of a pure electric commercial vehicle according to claim 3, characterized in that: the condenser is characterized by further comprising a second electronic expansion valve (7), wherein one end of the second electronic expansion valve (7) is communicated between the first electronic expansion valve (13) and the evaporator, and the other end of the second electronic expansion valve (7) is communicated between the first electromagnetic stop valve (6) and the condenser (10).

7. The integrated thermal management system for heat pump air conditioning and battery cooling of a pure electric commercial vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: one end of the four-way reversing valve (4) is communicated between the fifth electromagnetic stop valve and the pressure switch through a fourth electromagnetic stop valve (17), and the other end of the four-way reversing valve (4) is communicated between the plate heat exchanger and the gas-liquid separator (2).

8. The integrated thermal management system for heat pump air conditioning and battery cooling of a pure electric commercial vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the condenser (10) is arranged at the front end of the motor radiator.

9. The integrated thermal management system for heat pump air conditioning and battery cooling of a pure electric commercial vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the condenser (10) adopts an external PTC to defrost and supplement heat.