CN215284264U - Electric motor coach and air conditioning system thereof - Google Patents
Electric motor coach and air conditioning system thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN215284264U CN215284264U CN202120670715.3U CN202120670715U CN215284264U CN 215284264 U CN215284264 U CN 215284264U CN 202120670715 U CN202120670715 U CN 202120670715U CN 215284264 U CN215284264 U CN 215284264U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an [ electric ] motor coach and air conditioning system thereof, wherein, air conditioning system includes compressor, outdoor heat exchanger, indoor heat exchanger, four-way reversing valve, economizer, first cooler, first expansion valve, second expansion valve, third expansion valve, first check valve, second check valve and vapour and liquid separator. The utility model discloses a setting has the compressor of tonifying qi enthalpy-increasing function and adds the economic ware that is used for the tonifying qi, and the gaseous state refrigerant that separates out from the economic ware gets into compressor tonifying qi mouth to mix with the inspiratory refrigerant from the compressor induction port, compress into the highly compressed gas of high temperature more, increase heat pump system heating capacity, realize guaranteeing the purpose that can normally heat in low temperature environment.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of electric automobile, specifically speaking relates to an [ electric ] motor coach and air conditioning system thereof.
Background
Due to the increasingly prominent environmental issues, electric vehicles are becoming increasingly popular as a replacement for conventional engine vehicles. Different from the traditional automobile, the electric automobile can not utilize the waste heat of the engine to effectively heat, meanwhile, great challenges are brought to a heat management system of the electric automobile, and a heat pump system becomes a solution for heating the electric automobile in winter.
In the prior art, the electric bus or the passenger car needs to control the air temperature of a carriage and the temperature of a battery, the conventional scheme needs to configure one passenger room air conditioner and one battery air conditioner for the passenger car, and the existing scheme of integrating battery thermal management of an overhead passenger room air conditioner has the advantages of smaller volume and lower cost compared with the conventional scheme.
With the popularization of pure electric vehicles in the whole country, pure electric buses in northern areas need battery heat management and ultra-low temperature heating in winter, a common integrated battery heat management overhead air conditioner can only heat a carriage by using electric heating when the temperature is lower than 0 ℃ in winter, the battery refrigeration function at the ultra-low temperature cannot be realized, and the use region of the integrated battery cooling overhead air conditioner is severely limited.
For example, chinese patent No. CN 210821729U discloses an air conditioner and battery heat management integrated system for a pure electric passenger car, which includes a compressor, an outdoor heat exchanger, an indoor heat exchanger, a battery cooling system, a four-way reversing valve, a filter, a first electronic expansion valve, a second electronic expansion valve, a first check valve, a second check valve, a gas-liquid separator, and a plate heat exchanger. By adding the first one-way valve and the second one-way valve, the heating requirement of the air conditioner and the cooling requirement of the battery can be met simultaneously; meanwhile, due to the integrated utilization of the waste heat of the battery, the heat required by the evaporation of the refrigerant on the low-temperature side of the heat pump is equivalently provided, and the heating capacity and the energy efficiency ratio on the air-conditioning side are improved.
However, the heat pump system according to the above-described aspect has a problem that normal heating cannot be ensured in a low-temperature environment.
In view of this, the present invention is provided.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model discloses the technical problem who solves lies in overcoming prior art not enough, provides an air conditioning system for [ electric ] motor coach, through setting up the compressor that has the tonifying qi enthalpy function and add the economizer that is used for the tonifying qi, the gaseous state refrigerant that separates out from the economizer gets into compressor tonifying qi mouth to mix with the inspiratory refrigerant from the compressor induction port, compress into the highly compressed gas of high temperature more, increase heat pump system heating capacity, realize guaranteeing the purpose that can normally heat in low temperature environment.
Another object of the present invention is to provide an electric motor coach, including the above-mentioned air conditioning system.
In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model adopts the following basic concept:
an air conditioning system for an electric motor coach comprises a compressor, an outdoor heat exchanger, an indoor heat exchanger, a four-way reversing valve, an economizer, a first cooler, a first expansion valve, a second expansion valve, a third expansion valve, a first one-way valve, a second one-way valve and a gas-liquid separator;
the four-way reversing valve is provided with four interfaces, wherein the first interface is connected with an outlet of the compressor, the second interface is connected with one end of the gas-liquid separator, the third interface is connected with one end of the outdoor heat exchanger, and the fourth interface is connected with one end of the indoor heat exchanger;
the other end of the outdoor heat exchanger is connected with one end of the first expansion valve, the other end of the first expansion valve is connected with one end of the supercooling side of the economizer, the other end of the supercooling side of the economizer is connected with the other end of the indoor heat exchanger, one end of the evaporation side of the economizer is connected with one end of the third expansion valve, the other end of the evaporation side of the economizer is connected with an air supplementing port of the compressor, and the other end of the third expansion valve is connected with the other end of the indoor heat exchange;
the two ends of the first expansion valve are also respectively connected with inlets of the first one-way valve and the second one-way valve, outlets of the first one-way valve and the second one-way valve are connected with one end of the first cooler air conditioner side through the second expansion valve, the other end of the first cooler air conditioner side is connected with one end of the gas-liquid separator, and the other end of the gas-liquid separator is connected with an inlet of the compressor;
one end of the battery side of the first cooler is connected with an inlet of a cooling circuit of the battery, and the other end of the battery side of the first cooler is connected with an outlet of the cooling circuit of the battery.
Further, the device also comprises a compressor exhaust temperature detection unit;
the compressor exhaust temperature detection unit and the third expansion valve are respectively electrically connected with a controller, and the controller controls the third expansion valve to be opened and closed according to the exhaust temperature detected by the compressor exhaust temperature detection unit.
Further, the first cooler and the economizer are plate heat exchangers.
Furthermore, the first expansion valve, the second expansion valve and the third expansion valve are all electronic expansion valves.
Further, the system also comprises a three-way valve and a second cooler;
the three-way valve is provided with three interfaces, wherein the first interface is connected with one end of the battery side of the first cooler, and the second interface and the third interface are respectively connected with the two ends of the second cooler and then connected with the inlet of the cooling loop of the battery.
Further, the outdoor temperature detection device also comprises an outdoor temperature detection unit;
the outdoor temperature detection unit and the three-way valve are respectively electrically connected with the controller, and the controller controls the outlet of the three-way valve to be switched between the second interface and the third interface according to the outdoor temperature detected by the outdoor temperature detection unit.
Further, the device also comprises an outdoor fan;
the outdoor fan is matched with the second cooler in the arrangement position, and the outdoor fan drives the outside air to exchange heat with the second cooler.
Further, the second cooler is a radiator.
An electric motor coach comprises the air conditioning system for the electric motor coach.
Furthermore, the battery cooling device also comprises a battery and a battery cold plate, wherein two ends of the battery cold plate are respectively connected with an inlet of a cooling loop of the battery and an outlet of the cooling loop of the battery.
After the technical scheme is adopted, compared with the prior art, the utility model following beneficial effect has.
(1) The utility model discloses an air conditioning system not only realizes an air conditioner, integrated carriage air temperature regulatory function and battery coolant temperature control function, air conditioner refrigeration moreover, the mode of heating under the homoenergetic battery coolant temperature control function of running simultaneously.
(2) The utility model discloses an air conditioning system, when the lower battery cooling load of ambient temperature diminishes, adopts outdoor fan to combine water-cooling radiator to give battery coolant liquid cooling, does not open the compressor, and the compressor frequently opens the stop problem when avoiding the low-load, has improved the unit reliability to, under the very low condition of outer loop temperature, adopt water-cooling radiator to give battery coolant liquid cooling still can reliable and stable operation, and ordinary unit compressor ultra-low temperature refrigeration surpasss compressor safe operation scope, the utility model discloses battery refrigeration's application environment temperature lower limit has been widened.
(3) The utility model discloses an enthalpy technique is increased in the tonifying qi for the heat pump can steady operation heat under lower ambient temperature, has widened the guest room heat pump and has heated because of public ambient temperature lower limit.
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without undue limitation. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the air conditioning system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a first cooler of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the economizer of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the air conditioning system according to the present invention under the first working condition;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the air conditioning system according to the present invention under a second working condition;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the air conditioning system according to the present invention for increasing enthalpy by supplying air under the second working condition;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of the air conditioning system of the present invention in a cooling season under a third working condition;
fig. 8 is a schematic view of the air conditioning system according to the present invention in a heating season under a third working condition;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the air conditioning system of the present invention in a fourth condition;
fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the air conditioning system according to the present invention under a fifth operating condition;
fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of the air conditioning system according to the present invention for increasing enthalpy by air supply under the fifth operating condition.
In the figure: 1. a compressor; 2. a four-way reversing valve; 3. a second cooler; 4. an outdoor heat exchanger; 5. an outdoor fan; 6. a third expansion valve; 7. a three-way valve; 8. a first expansion valve; 9. a first check valve; 10. a second expansion valve; 11. a first cooler; 12. a second one-way valve; 13. an economizer; 14. an indoor fan; 15. an indoor heat exchanger; 16. a gas-liquid separator.
It should be noted that the drawings and the description are not intended to limit the scope of the inventive concept in any way, but to illustrate the inventive concept by those skilled in the art with reference to specific embodiments.
Detailed Description
To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention are combined below to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments, and the following embodiments are used for illustrating the present invention, but do not limit the scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
As shown in fig. 1 to 11, the utility model provides an electric motor coach and be used for this electric motor coach's air conditioning system. The electric motor coach further comprises a battery and a battery cold plate, and two ends of the battery cold plate are respectively connected with an inlet of a cooling loop of the battery and an outlet of the cooling loop of the battery to form a circulation loop of battery cooling liquid. Preferably, the battery coolant is water.
As shown in fig. 1, the air conditioning system includes a compressor 1, an outdoor heat exchanger 4, an indoor heat exchanger 15, a four-way selector valve 2, an economizer 13, a first cooler 11, a first expansion valve 8, a second expansion valve 10, a third expansion valve 6, a first check valve 9, a second check valve 12, and a gas-liquid separator 16.
The four-way reversing valve 2 is provided with four interfaces, wherein the first interface is connected with an outlet of the compressor 1, the second interface is connected with one end of the gas-liquid separator 16, the third interface is connected with one end of the outdoor heat exchanger 4, and the fourth interface is connected with one end of the indoor heat exchanger 15.
The other end of the outdoor heat exchanger 4 is connected with one end of the first expansion valve 8, the other end of the first expansion valve 8 is connected with one end of the economizer 13 passing the cold side, the other end of the economizer 13 passing the cold side is connected with the other end of the indoor heat exchanger 15, one end of the evaporator side of the economizer 13 is connected with one end of the third expansion valve 6, the other end of the evaporator side of the economizer 13 is connected with the air supplement port of the compressor 1, and the other end of the third expansion valve 6 is connected with the other end of the indoor heat exchange heat.
The two ends of the first expansion valve 8 are further connected with the inlets of the first one-way valve 9 and the second one-way valve 12 respectively, the outlets of the first one-way valve 9 and the second one-way valve 12 are connected with one end of the air conditioner side of the first cooler 11 through the second expansion valve 10, the other end of the air conditioner side of the first cooler 11 is connected with one end of the gas-liquid separator 16, and the other end of the gas-liquid separator 16 is connected with the inlet of the compressor 1.
One end of the first cooler 11 on the battery side is connected with an inlet of a cooling circuit of the battery, and the other end of the first cooler 11 on the battery side is connected with an outlet of the cooling circuit of the battery.
In detail, as shown in fig. 2, the first cooler 11 is preferably a plate heat exchanger, and includes two inlets and two outlets, i.e., an inlet d1 on the air-conditioning side of the first cooler 11, an outlet d2 on the air-conditioning side of the first cooler 11, an inlet c2 on the battery side of the first cooler 11, and an outlet c1 on the battery side of the first cooler 11. The air-conditioning inlet d1 of the first cooler 11 is connected to the second expansion valve 10, and the air-conditioning outlet d2 of the first cooler 11 is connected to the gas-liquid separator 16. The battery-side inlet c2 of the first cooler 11 is connected to the outlet of the battery cooling circuit, and the battery-side outlet c1 of the first cooler 11 is connected to the inlet of the battery cooling circuit.
As shown in fig. 3, the economizer 13 is preferably a plate heat exchanger and includes two inlets and two outlets, an inlet b1 on the evaporator side of the economizer 13, an outlet b2 on the evaporator side of the economizer 13, an inlet a2 on the over-cooled side of the economizer 13, and an outlet a1 on the over-cooled side of the economizer 13. The evaporator side inlet b1 of the economizer 13 is connected to the third expansion valve 6, and the evaporator side outlet b2 of the economizer 13 is connected to the charge port of the compressor 1. The inlet a2 of the over-cooled side of the economizer 13 is connected to the indoor heat exchanger 15, and the outlet a1 of the over-cooled side of the economizer 13 is connected to the first expansion valve 8. It should be understood that the above-mentioned "inlet" and "outlet" are both referred to the flowing direction of the refrigerant, and in the cooling mode, the refrigerant enters from the outlet a1 on the cold side of the economizer 13 and flows out from the inlet a2 on the cold side of the economizer 13 and flows through the economizer, and the economizer is only a pipeline through which the refrigerant flows.
As shown in fig. 4 to 11, the utility model discloses an air conditioning system can be used to following five operating modes, first operating mode: the air conditioning system operates to realize the refrigeration of the air in the carriage of the electric motor coach; the second working condition is as follows: the air conditioning system operates to realize the heating of the air in the carriage of the electric motor coach; the third working condition is as follows: the air conditioning system operates to realize the cooling of the battery cooling liquid of the electric motor coach; the fourth working condition: the air conditioning system operates to simultaneously realize the refrigeration of the air in the carriage of the electric motor coach and the cooling of the battery cooling liquid; a fifth working condition: the air conditioning system operates to simultaneously realize the heating of the air in the carriage of the electric motor coach and the cooling of the battery cooling liquid.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, in the first operating condition, when the air in the passenger compartment needs cooling and the battery coolant does not need cooling, for example, when the electric motor coach is just started. And controlling the battery coolant pipeline to be cut off, closing the second expansion valve 10 and the third expansion valve 6 to zero, opening the outdoor heat exchanger 4, opening the indoor heat exchanger 15, opening the first expansion valve 8 and operating the compressor 1. The outdoor heat exchanger 4 is also provided with an outdoor fan 5, and the indoor heat exchanger 15 is also provided with an indoor fan 14. The four-way reversing valve 2 is not electrified, the four-way reversing valve 2 is in a state that the first interface is communicated with the third interface, and the second interface is communicated with the fourth interface, refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 1 and converted into high-temperature and high-pressure gas, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas passes through the first interface of the four-way reversing valve 2 and is discharged by the third interface, enters the outdoor heat exchanger 4 (serving as a condenser), is changed into medium-temperature and high-pressure liquid after being cooled and released by the condenser, is changed into low-temperature and low-pressure liquid after passing through the first expansion valve 8, is changed into low-temperature and low-pressure gas after being subjected to heat absorption and cold release actions by the indoor heat exchanger 15 (serving as an evaporator), passes through the fourth interface of the four-way reversing valve 2 and returns to the compressor 1 by the second interface, and then continues to circulate, and the refrigeration requirement on air in a carriage is met. The second expansion valve 10 is closed to zero, so that the low-temperature refrigerant can be blocked from flowing to the air conditioner side of the first cooler 11, the requirement of air refrigeration in the carriage is met, and the refrigerating requirement of passengers on the air conditioner can be met independently.
As shown in FIG. 5, under the second operating mode, when the air in the carriage needs to be heated and the battery coolant does not have the refrigeration requirement, at the moment, the outdoor environment temperature is lower, the battery of the electric motor coach is in the external environment, the temperature of the coolant of the battery is relatively lower, and the cooling effect on the battery can be met. Under the working condition, the second expansion valve 10 and the third expansion valve 6 are both closed to zero, the battery cooling liquid pipeline is cut off, the outdoor fan 5 is opened, the first expansion valve 8 is opened, the compressor 1 is operated, the four-way reversing valve 2 is electrified, the first interface is communicated with the fourth interface, the second interface is communicated with the third interface, a controller of the air conditioning system detects that the temperature of the heat exchanger pipeline exceeds a designed value, for example, when the temperature of the heat exchanger pipeline is 20 ℃, the indoor fan 14 is opened, high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 1 and converted into high-temperature and high-pressure gas, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas passes through the first interface of the four-way reversing valve 2 and is discharged by the fourth interface, enters the indoor heat exchanger 15 (serving as a condenser), the liquid becomes medium-temperature and high-pressure liquid after the cold absorption and heat release of the condenser, the liquid becomes low-temperature and low-pressure gas after the heat absorption and cold release of the outdoor heat exchanger 4 (serving as an evaporator), and the refrigerant returns to the compressor 1 through the three ports of the connector of the four-way reversing valve 2 and the two ports, and then continues to circulate, so that the refrigeration requirement on the air in the carriage is met. Similarly, under such a condition, the closing of the second expansion valve 10 to zero can block the low-temperature refrigerant from flowing to the air-conditioning side of the first cooler 11, so as to satisfy the air heating requirement in the vehicle cabin, and can individually satisfy the heating requirement of the passenger on the air-conditioning.
Under a third working condition, when the air conditioning system operates the cooling function of the battery coolant alone, as shown in fig. 7, in a cooling season, but the air in the carriage has no cooling demand, when the controller of the air conditioning system judges that the battery coolant needs to be cooled in the driving process of the electric motor coach, the controller controls the conduction of the battery coolant pipeline, the first expansion valve 8 and the third expansion valve 6 are both closed to zero, and the second expansion valve 10 is opened. The compressor 1 is started, the four-way reversing valve 2 is not electrified, the four-way reversing valve 2 is in a state that the first interface is communicated with the third interface and the second interface is communicated with the fourth interface, the refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 1 and converted into high-temperature and high-pressure gas, is discharged from a port III through a port I of the four-way reversing valve 2 and enters an outdoor heat exchanger 4 (a condenser), the liquid is changed into the liquid with medium temperature and high pressure after the condenser absorbs and releases heat, the liquid is changed into the liquid with low temperature and low pressure after passing through the second expansion valve 10, the liquid is changed into the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant with low temperature and low pressure after the first cooler 11 (which is equivalent to an evaporator at this time) absorbs and releases heat, the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant flows into the inlet d1 at the air conditioning side of the first cooler 11, the refrigerant is vaporized and absorbs the temperature of the battery cooling liquid flowing through the battery side of the first cooler 11, thereby, the battery cooling function is realized, and the refrigerant is vaporized and discharged from the air conditioning side outlet d2 of the first cooler 11 to return to the compressor 1 through the gas-liquid separator 16. The battery coolant enters from the inlet c2 on the battery side of the first cooler 11, is cooled and then is discharged from the outlet c1 on the battery side of the first cooler 11, and is circulated to the cold plates of the batteries for cooling the batteries.
In the fourth condition, as shown in fig. 9, when the vehicle cabin needs cooling and the battery coolant needs cooling, the battery coolant line is opened and the second expansion valve 10 is opened. The outdoor fan 5 is started, the indoor fan 14 is started, the first expansion valve 8 is started, the third expansion valve 6 is closed, the indoor fan 14 is started, and the compressor 1 is started. The four-way reversing valve 2 is not electrified, the four-way reversing valve 2 is in a state that the first interface is communicated with the third interface, and the second interface is communicated with the fourth interface, refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 1 and converted into high-temperature and high-pressure gas, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas passes through the first interface of the four-way reversing valve 2 and is discharged by the third interface, enters the outdoor heat exchanger 4 (serving as a condenser), the refrigerant is changed into medium-temperature and high-pressure liquid after being cooled and released by the condenser, one path of the liquid is changed into low-temperature and low-pressure liquid after passing through the first expansion valve 8, the low-temperature and low-pressure liquid is changed into low-temperature and low-pressure gas after being subjected to heat absorption and cold release actions by the indoor heat exchanger 15 (serving as an evaporator), the low-temperature and low-pressure gas passes through the fourth interface of the four-way reversing valve 2 and returns to the compressor 1 by the second interface, and then the circulation is continued, and the refrigeration requirement on air in a carriage is met. The other path is throttled and depressurized by the second expansion valve 10, and then enters the air-conditioning side of the first cooler 11 through the air-conditioning side inlet d1 of the first cooler 11 to cool the battery coolant, thereby controlling the battery temperature.
As shown in fig. 10, in the fifth operating condition, when the air conditioning system simultaneously operates the cabin air heating and the battery coolant cooling, the controller of the air conditioning system obtains the ambient temperature outside the cabin through the outdoor temperature detecting unit, and when the ambient temperature outside the cabin is determined to be greater than a set value, for example, at-25 ℃, the battery coolant pipeline is controlled to be conducted, and the second expansion valve 10 is opened. The outdoor fan 5 is started, the first expansion valve 8 is started, the third expansion valve 6 is closed, the indoor fan 14 is started, the compressor 1 is started, and the four-way reversing valve 2 is electrified. The high-temperature high-pressure gaseous refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 1 and converted into high-temperature high-pressure gas, the high-temperature high-pressure gas passes through the first interface of the four-way reversing valve 2, is discharged from the fourth interface, enters the indoor heat exchanger 15 (serving as a condenser), is converted into medium-temperature high-pressure liquid after being cooled and released by the condenser, one part of the medium-temperature high-pressure liquid is converted into low-temperature low-pressure liquid after passing through the first expansion valve 8, is converted into low-temperature low-pressure gas after being subjected to heat absorption and cold release actions by the outdoor heat exchanger 4 (serving as an evaporator), passes through the third interface of the four-way reversing valve 2, is returned to the compressor 1 through the second interface, the other part of the medium-temperature low-pressure liquid is converted into low-temperature low-pressure gas after being subjected to heat absorption and cold release actions by the first cooler 11 (serving as an evaporator), is returned to the compressor 1 and then continuously circulates, so that the refrigeration requirement on the battery cooling liquid is met, the temperature control of the battery is realized, and the heat of the battery cooling liquid is recovered, the heating capacity and the energy efficiency of the whole air conditioning system are improved.
As shown in fig. 6 and 11, in the second and fifth operating conditions, when the ambient temperature outside the cabin is low, the discharge temperature of the air conditioning system generally rises to above 110 ℃, which exceeds the maximum discharge temperature allowed by the compressor 1, and the compressor 1 is easily damaged. Therefore, when the controller of the air conditioning system detects that the exhaust temperature of the compressor 1 exceeds a set value, for example, 75 ℃, the third expansion valve 6 is opened to a set opening, a part of the liquid refrigerant flowing out of the indoor heat exchanger 15 enters the evaporation side of the economizer 13 through the inlet b1 after being throttled and depressurized by the third expansion valve 6, absorbs the heat of the main refrigerant flowing through the inlet a2 and the outlet a1 of the cold side of the economizer 13, and is discharged from the outlet b2 and returned to the air supplement port of the compressor 1, so that the air supplement and enthalpy increase cycle is realized, the exhaust temperature can be reduced to a reasonable range, the heating capacity is improved, and the heating energy efficiency is further improved.
It will be appreciated that when the economizer 13 is provided, the third expansion valve 6 is closed, i.e. the evaporation side of the economizer 13 is shut off, if the discharge temperature of the compressor 1 does not exceed a set temperature value, for example 75 c. In the second operating mode and the fifth operating mode, the liquid refrigerant flowing out of the indoor heat exchanger 15 flows from the inlet a2 to the outlet a1, flows through the subcooling side of the economizer 13, and then is changed into a low-temperature low-pressure liquid by the first expansion valve 8. At this time, the economizer 13 is only used as a pipeline through which the liquid refrigerant flows, and does not play a role in supplementing air and increasing enthalpy.
In the scheme, the economizer 13 is arranged, and the air-supplying and enthalpy-increasing technology is adopted, so that the air-conditioning system can stably run and heat in a lower external environment, such as-25 ℃, and the lower limit of the environmental temperature of the heating function of the electric passenger car carriage is widened.
In a further scheme, the air conditioning system further comprises a compressor exhaust temperature detection unit; the compressor exhaust temperature detection unit and the third expansion valve 6 are respectively electrically connected with a controller, and the controller controls the third expansion valve 6 to be opened and closed according to the exhaust temperature detected by the compressor exhaust temperature detection unit.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the air conditioning system further comprises a three-way valve 7 and a second cooler 3.
The three-way valve 7 is provided with three interfaces, wherein the first interface is connected with one end of the battery side of the first cooler 11, the second interface and the third interface are respectively connected with the two ends of the second cooler 3 and then connected with the inlet of the cooling loop of the battery, and the other end of the battery side of the first cooler 11 is connected with the outlet of the cooling loop of the battery.
The three-way valve 7 in the above scheme has two states: an a state and a B state. The state a of the three-way valve 7 means that the first port of the three-way valve 7 is communicated with the second port so that the battery coolant does not flow through the second cooler 3. The B state of the three-way valve 7 means that the first port of the three-way valve 7 communicates with the third port, so that the battery coolant flows through the second cooler 3.
As shown in fig. 7, in the cooling season in the third operating mode, the three-way valve 7 opens the state a so that the battery coolant does not flow through the second cooler 3, and the battery coolant is cooled by the first cooler 11.
As shown in fig. 8, during the heating season in the third operating condition, but there is no heating demand for the air in the cabin, it is also necessary to cool the battery if the battery is being charged. At this time, when the controller of the air conditioning system determines that the ambient temperature is lower than the set value, for example, 10 ℃, and the air conditioning system receives a battery cooling start-up command, the three-way valve 7 is switched on to the state B, so that the battery cooling liquid flows through the second cooler 3, and the battery cooling liquid is cooled by the second cooler 3, so as to reduce the temperature of the battery cooling liquid, thereby realizing the battery cooling function. It should be noted that, in this case, the compressor 1 does not need to be operated, the battery cooling function can be realized by cooling the battery cooling liquid only by using the second cooler 3, and when the ambient temperature is far lower than a set value, for example, minus 20 ℃ or even lower, the battery cooling function can also be stably operated, whereas the battery thermal management system in the prior art needs to operate the compressor 1 for ultra-low temperature refrigeration under such a working condition, which is easy to damage the compressor 1.
As shown in fig. 11, in the fifth operating mode, the controller obtains the ambient temperature outside the vehicle cabin through the outdoor temperature detecting unit, and determines that the ambient temperature outside the vehicle cabin is less than or equal to a set value, for example, -25 ℃, the battery coolant pipeline is turned on, the outdoor fan 5 is turned on, the second expansion valve 10 is closed to zero, and the three-way valve 7 is opened to the state B, so that the battery coolant flows through the second cooler 3. The high-temperature high-pressure gaseous refrigerant is condensed into a high-pressure liquid refrigerant in the indoor heat exchanger 15, all of the high-temperature high-pressure gaseous refrigerant is throttled and depressurized by the first expansion valve 8 and then enters the outdoor heat exchanger 4 to be vaporized and absorb the heat of the ambient air, and the indoor fan 14 is started or starts the air-supplementing and enthalpy-increasing function. Under the circumstances, because the outside ambient temperature of the carriage is extremely low, the heat required in the carriage is more, if still utilize some refrigerant cooling battery coolant, will reduce the heating effect in the carriage, at this moment, adjust three-way valve 7 to the B state, utilize the second cooler 3 of extra setting to cool off battery coolant, not only can not influence the heating effect in the carriage, still realized carrying out the refrigerated purpose to battery coolant. In addition, [ electric ] motor coach still can set up the electrical heating unit, and at this moment, steerable electrical heating unit is opened, gives the carriage heating through air conditioning system and indoor electrical heating, utilizes second cooler 3 to realize the cooling of battery coolant liquid.
It should be noted that although the battery coolant still flows through the first cooler 11 in this operating condition, the first cooler 11 does not perform a cooling function of the battery coolant, and only serves as a flow-through pipe.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the air conditioning system further comprises an outdoor temperature detection unit; the outdoor temperature detection unit and the three-way valve 7 are respectively electrically connected with a controller of the air conditioning system, and the controller controls the outlet of the three-way valve 7 to be switched between the second interface and the third interface according to the outdoor temperature detected by the outdoor temperature detection unit, so that the flow pipeline of the battery cooling liquid is controlled.
It can be seen that, the utility model discloses an among the air conditioning system through addding a second cooler 3 that is used for cooling off the battery coolant liquid, simultaneously according to the operating mode of difference by the start-up and the closing of three-way valve 7 control second cooler 3, make the utility model discloses an air conditioning system not only can realize the refrigeration and the warm function of system of carriage interior air alone, still can realize the refrigeration and the warm function of system and the battery cooling function of carriage interior air simultaneously. Most importantly, the utility model discloses can realize the cooling function of battery coolant liquid alone under the condition of not opening air conditioning system compressor 1, compressor 1 frequently opens when avoiding the low-load and stops the problem, has improved air conditioning system's reliability, has widened the cryogenic application environment temperature's of battery lower limit.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the outdoor fan 5 is matched with the second cooler 3 in the setting position, and the outdoor fan 5 drives the external air and the heat exchange is performed between the second coolers 3.
Preferably, the second cooler 3 is a radiator, for example, a fin-and-tube radiator or the like.
The present embodiment may be used in the third and fifth operating conditions described above.
In detail, in the heating season under the third operating condition, as shown in fig. 8, after the air conditioning system receives the battery cooling start-up command, the three-way valve 7 is turned on to the state B, so that the battery cooling liquid can flow through the second cooler 3, and the outdoor fan 5 is controlled to be turned on. The battery cooling liquid flows through the second cooler 3 after passing through the first cooler 11, and the heat of the battery cooling liquid in the second cooler 3 is taken away by the outdoor fan 5, so that the purpose of reducing the temperature of the battery cooling liquid is achieved. At this time, the first cooler 11 serves only as a pipe through which the battery coolant flows, and does not cool the battery coolant. In the above scheme, utilize outdoor fan 5 and second cooler 3 to cool off the battery coolant liquid, reduce battery coolant liquid temperature, not only realize battery cooling function, still fully expanded the function of the original part of air conditioning system, improve the utility model discloses an air conditioning system's utilization ratio.
Similarly, as shown in fig. 11, when the ambient temperature outside the vehicle cabin is less than or equal to the set value under the fifth operating condition, the principle when the second cooler 3 is required to cool the battery coolant is the same as above, and details are not repeated here.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the air conditioning system further comprises an economizer 13 and a third expansion valve 6; one end of the evaporator side of the economizer 13 is connected with one end of the third expansion valve 6, the other end of the evaporator side of the economizer 13 is connected with the air supplement port of the compressor 1, and the other end of the third expansion valve 6 is connected with the indoor heat exchange. One end of the over-cooling side of the economizer 13 is connected to the first expansion valve 8, and the other end of the over-cooling side of the economizer 13 is connected to the indoor heat exchanger 15.
The first expansion valve 8, the second expansion valve 10, and the third expansion valve 6 of the present invention are preferably electronic expansion valves.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and although the present invention has been disclosed with reference to the above preferred embodiment, but not to limit the present invention, any person skilled in the art can make some changes or modifications to equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention, and any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments by the technical spirit of the present invention still fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An air conditioning system for an electric motor coach is characterized in that: the system comprises a compressor, an outdoor heat exchanger, an indoor heat exchanger, a four-way reversing valve, an economizer, a first cooler, a first expansion valve, a second expansion valve, a third expansion valve, a first one-way valve, a second one-way valve and a gas-liquid separator;
the four-way reversing valve is provided with four interfaces, wherein the first interface is connected with an outlet of the compressor, the second interface is connected with one end of the gas-liquid separator, the third interface is connected with one end of the outdoor heat exchanger, and the fourth interface is connected with one end of the indoor heat exchanger;
the other end of the outdoor heat exchanger is connected with one end of the first expansion valve, the other end of the first expansion valve is connected with one end of the supercooling side of the economizer, the other end of the supercooling side of the economizer is connected with the other end of the indoor heat exchanger, one end of the evaporation side of the economizer is connected with one end of the third expansion valve, the other end of the evaporation side of the economizer is connected with an air supplementing port of the compressor, and the other end of the third expansion valve is connected with the other end of the indoor heat exchange;
the two ends of the first expansion valve are also respectively connected with inlets of the first one-way valve and the second one-way valve, outlets of the first one-way valve and the second one-way valve are connected with one end of the first cooler air conditioner side through the second expansion valve, the other end of the first cooler air conditioner side is connected with one end of the gas-liquid separator, and the other end of the gas-liquid separator is connected with an inlet of the compressor;
one end of the battery side of the first cooler is connected with an inlet of a cooling circuit of the battery, and the other end of the battery side of the first cooler is connected with an outlet of the cooling circuit of the battery.
2. An air conditioning system for an electric motor coach as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the device also comprises a compressor exhaust temperature detection unit;
the compressor exhaust temperature detection unit and the third expansion valve are respectively electrically connected with a controller, and the controller controls the third expansion valve to be opened and closed according to the exhaust temperature detected by the compressor exhaust temperature detection unit.
3. An air conditioning system for an electric motor coach as set forth in claim 1 or 2, wherein:
the first cooler and the economizer are plate heat exchangers.
4. An air conditioning system for an electric motor coach as set forth in claim 1, wherein:
the first expansion valve, the second expansion valve and the third expansion valve are all electronic expansion valves.
5. An air conditioning system for an electric motor coach as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the system also comprises a three-way valve and a second cooler;
the three-way valve is provided with three interfaces, wherein the first interface is connected with one end of the battery side of the first cooler, and the second interface and the third interface are respectively connected with the two ends of the second cooler and then connected with the inlet of the cooling loop of the battery.
6. An air conditioning system for an electric motor coach as set forth in claim 5, wherein: the outdoor temperature detection unit is also included;
the outdoor temperature detection unit and the three-way valve are respectively electrically connected with the controller, and the controller controls the outlet of the three-way valve to be switched between the second interface and the third interface according to the outdoor temperature detected by the outdoor temperature detection unit.
7. An air conditioning system for an electric motor coach as set forth in claim 5, wherein: the outdoor fan is also included;
the outdoor fan is matched with the second cooler in the arrangement position, and the outdoor fan drives the outside air to exchange heat with the second cooler.
8. An air conditioning system for an electric motor coach as set forth in claim 7, wherein:
the second cooler is a radiator.
9. An electric motor coach, characterized in that it comprises an air conditioning system for an electric motor coach according to any one of claims 1-8.
10. The electric motor coach as claimed in claim 9, further comprising a battery and a battery cold plate, wherein both ends of the battery cold plate are respectively connected with an inlet of a cooling circuit of the battery and an outlet of the cooling circuit of the battery.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120670715.3U CN215284264U (en) | 2021-04-01 | 2021-04-01 | Electric motor coach and air conditioning system thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120670715.3U CN215284264U (en) | 2021-04-01 | 2021-04-01 | Electric motor coach and air conditioning system thereof |
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| CN215284264U true CN215284264U (en) | 2021-12-24 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115339357A (en) * | 2022-08-26 | 2022-11-15 | 上海理工大学 | Battery thermal management and low-voltage air supply type heat pump air conditioner and control method thereof |
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2021
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115339357A (en) * | 2022-08-26 | 2022-11-15 | 上海理工大学 | Battery thermal management and low-voltage air supply type heat pump air conditioner and control method thereof |
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