CN111422025A - Pure electric vehicles double evaporation ware heat pump air conditioning system - Google Patents
Pure electric vehicles double evaporation ware heat pump air conditioning system Download PDFInfo
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- CN111422025A CN111422025A CN202010132859.3A CN202010132859A CN111422025A CN 111422025 A CN111422025 A CN 111422025A CN 202010132859 A CN202010132859 A CN 202010132859A CN 111422025 A CN111422025 A CN 111422025A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00357—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles
- B60H1/00385—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell
- B60H1/00392—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell for electric vehicles having only electric drive means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
- B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
- B60H1/00821—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being ventilating, air admitting or air distributing devices
- B60H1/00871—Air directing means, e.g. blades in an air outlet
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
- F25B39/02—Evaporators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
- F25B41/31—Expansion valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B43/00—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat
- F25B43/006—Accumulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/66—Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells
- H01M10/663—Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells the system being an air-conditioner or an engine
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
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- Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a pure electric vehicle double-evaporator heat pump air conditioning system which comprises a variable frequency compressor, a four-way reversing valve, an external heat exchanger, a variable frequency fan, a filtering dryer, a liquid storage device, an internal heat exchanger electronic expansion valve, an internal heat exchanger, a fan cover, a plate heat exchanger Chiller electronic expansion valve, a plate heat exchanger Chiller, a gas-liquid separator, an electromagnetic valve, an MCU, a CAN bus physical line, a seat sensor and a temperature sensor. The variable frequency compressor is connected with the external heat exchanger, the external heat exchanger is provided with a variable frequency fan, the external heat exchanger is connected with the filter drier through an electromagnetic valve, the filter drier is connected with the liquid storage device, the liquid storage device is respectively connected with the electronic expansion valve of the internal heat exchanger and the Chiller electronic expansion valve of the plate heat exchanger, and the gas-liquid separator is connected with the variable frequency compressor through a four-way reversing valve.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of electric automobile heat pump air conditioners, in particular to a pure electric automobile double-evaporator heat pump air conditioner system.
Background
In recent years, the development pace of the electric automobile industry is accelerated, and pure electric automobile products are released by various large automobile enterprises. However, the thermal management system and the control strategy of the electric vehicle are complex, and a series of problems are caused due to improper thermal management method; according to different heat management objects, the method can be divided into a power battery heat management problem and a passenger cabin heat management problem (20319; Rezhu. New energy automobile safety problem status analysis [ J ]. time automobile, 2018, 300(09): 62-63.).
The thermal management problem of the power battery is closely related to the safety of the pure electric vehicle. The research on the public reported pure electric vehicle self-ignition events discovers that the occurrence of the pure electric vehicle self-ignition events is closely related to improper thermal management of the battery; among the causes of fire, 41% of the vehicles are in a driving state and 19% of the vehicles are in a charging state; particularly, in summer in the south, the phenomenon of fire caused by improper heat management of the power battery is remarkably increased (auto-ignition accident [ J ] auto observation, 2018,10: 78-81.) of the electric automobile for pulse diagnosis of the silk-juveniles. The heat management problem of the passenger compartment is closely related to the endurance mileage in winter and the comfort of passengers, particularly in northern areas in winter, the passenger compartment is heated by adopting a PTC heating mode, a large part of electric quantity of a power battery needs to be consumed, the endurance mileage is reduced, and the driving safety of the electric automobile is also influenced.
In addition, the existing automobile air conditioning system has no better control strategy, so that the comfort of the passenger compartment and the user experience of the electric automobile are greatly reduced. For example, the air supply direction and the air supply intensity of the air conditioner are not set properly, so that cold air is blown to the face of a passenger directly, the health of the passenger is not good, and the energy efficiency of the air conditioning system is reduced; ideally, the air supply direction and the air supply intensity of the air conditioner should change along with the number and the positions of passengers in the vehicle, so that multi-temperature-zone adjustable air supply is realized (Lezhu research on modeling and control methods of multiple temperature zones of the vehicle [ D ]. Nanjing university of science and technology, 2007 ]), the comfort of passengers is guaranteed, the user experience is improved, and meanwhile, the energy efficiency of part of the air conditioning system can be reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the existing problems and provides a double-evaporator heat pump air conditioning system which can realize the heat management of a battery pack and a passenger compartment. Compared with the high power consumption during PTC heating, the heat pump type electric vehicle has the advantages that the heat pump type electric vehicle heats the passenger compartment, the power consumption can be reduced, and the endurance mileage of the electric vehicle in winter is prolonged; in addition, the battery pack heat management module is added in the system and used for ensuring that the battery pack works in a reasonable temperature range in the conventional driving process. The whole double-evaporator heat pump system has 6 working modes. Meanwhile, in order to improve the comfort of the passenger compartment, the energy consumption of the air conditioning system is further reduced; the invention provides a control strategy, which can automatically adjust the air supply direction and the air supply intensity of the air conditioning system according to the number and the positions of passengers in a vehicle, improve the comfort of the passengers and the user experience, and simultaneously reduce the energy consumption of part of the air conditioning system.
The invention is realized by at least one of the following technical schemes.
A pure electric vehicle double-evaporator heat pump air conditioning system comprises a variable frequency compressor, a four-way reversing valve, an external heat exchanger, a variable frequency fan, a filtering dryer, a liquid storage device, an internal heat exchanger electronic expansion valve, an internal heat exchanger, a fan cover, a plate heat exchanger Chiller electronic expansion valve, a plate heat exchanger Chiller, a gas-liquid separator, an electromagnetic valve, a Micro Control Unit (MCU), a CAN bus physical line, a seat sensor and a temperature sensor;
The outlet of the variable frequency compressor is connected with the inlet of the heat exchanger outside the vehicle through a four-way reversing valve, a variable frequency fan is arranged on the heat exchanger outside the vehicle, the outlet of the heat exchanger outside the vehicle is connected with the inlet of the filter drier through a solenoid valve, the outlet of the filter drier is connected with the inlet of the liquid storage device, a three-way pipeline is arranged at the outlet of the liquid storage device, one pipeline of the three-way outlet is connected with the inlet of the electronic expansion valve of the heat exchanger inside the vehicle, the outlet of the electronic expansion valve of the heat exchanger inside the vehicle is connected with the heat exchanger inside the vehicle, and the solenoid valve; the other branch pipeline is connected with the electromagnetic valve and an inlet of a Chiller electronic expansion valve of the plate heat exchanger, the Chiller of the plate heat exchanger and the gas-liquid separator are sequentially connected, and an inlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected with an outlet of the variable frequency compressor through a four-way reversing valve;
The electromagnetic valve is used for switching between a refrigeration mode and a heating mode, and is in an open state and closed in the refrigeration mode; in the heating mode, the electromagnetic valve is in an open state and is closed;
The MCU is communicated with the variable-frequency compressor, the variable-frequency fan, the electronic expansion valve, the seat sensor and the temperature sensor of the air conditioning system through the CAN bus physical lines, and the data communication between the MCU and each execution component is realized according to a set CAN communication protocol.
Further, an outlet of the outer heat exchanger is connected with an outlet of an electronic expansion valve of the heat exchanger in the vehicle through an electromagnetic valve;
The inlet of the heat exchanger in the vehicle is respectively connected with the outlet of the electronic expansion valve of the heat exchanger in the vehicle and a four-way reversing valve through different electromagnetic valves, and the four-way reversing valve is connected with the outlet of the variable frequency compressor; and the inlet of the variable frequency compressor is connected with the inlet of the gas-liquid separator.
Furthermore, the periphery of the air cover is provided with a flanged edge with holes, the periphery of the outer part of the heat exchanger in the vehicle is also provided with the flanged edge with holes, the heat exchanger in the vehicle and the air cover are fixed through screws, and a gasket is arranged between the flanged edges of the heat exchanger in the vehicle and the air cover to prevent air quantity from dissipating.
Furthermore, the inside heat exchanger variable frequency fan in the car that is equipped with of fan housing for blow the air that reaches the settlement temperature in the car. The variable frequency fan of the heat exchanger in the vehicle is connected with the MCU and controlled by the MCU, and the air supply intensity in the vehicle is changed by changing the rotating speed of the fan; the variable frequency fan of the heat exchanger in the vehicle pumps air into the air duct, the air is delivered to the angle-adjustable air supply air door of the cab and the passenger compartment in the vehicle through the air duct, and the air enters the vehicle from the air door to adjust the air in the vehicle.
Furthermore, the angle-adjustable air supply air door is connected with the fan cover through an air duct, and the air duct is made of plastic materials.
Further, the MCU judges the number of passengers in the vehicle and the specific seats of the passengers in the vehicle according to the data returned by the seat sensor.
Furthermore, the MCU automatically adjusts the switch of the air supply air door, the air supply direction and the air supply intensity according to the number and the positions of the passengers, so that air supply according to needs is realized, the comfort of the passenger compartment is improved, and meanwhile, the energy consumption of part of the air conditioner can be reduced.
Further, the MCU receives temperature data from a temperature sensor; and automatically adjusting the rotating speed of the variable frequency compressor, the rotating speed of the variable frequency fan and the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve according to the deviation between the measured temperature and the set temperature and an internally set control strategy, so as to realize the automatic adjustment of the temperature of the passenger cabin and the battery in the vehicle. For example, when the temperature in the vehicle is higher than the set temperature, the MCU adjusts the air conditioning system to a refrigeration mode, and the internal control strategy adjusts the rotating speed of the compressor according to the difference value between the actual temperature in the vehicle and the target temperature; the temperature difference is large, which indicates that the heat load in the vehicle is large, and the rotating speed of the compressor is properly increased; when the temperature difference is small, the heat load in the vehicle is small, and the temperature in the vehicle can be stabilized near the set temperature by finely adjusting the rotating speed of the compressor, the rotating speed of the variable frequency fan or the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve, so that the closed-loop feedback control of the temperature control system is realized. The automatic temperature regulation strategy of the power battery is the same as that of the passenger cabin.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and effects:
According to the invention, the double-evaporator heat pump air conditioning system is adopted, and the mode switching control strategy is set in the air conditioning system MCU, so that the free switching of six modes can be realized, and the thermal management requirements of the passenger compartment and the battery pack of the electric automobile in daily running can be met. Under the condition of heating in winter, the heating energy efficiency of the heat pump air-conditioning system is higher than that of PTC heating, the energy consumption of the air-conditioning system can be reduced, the power consumption is reduced, and the endurance mileage of the automobile is prolonged.
According to the invention, an adjustable area air supply control strategy is adopted, and an automobile seat sensor and an adjustable angle air supply air door are matched, so that air supply according to needs can be realized, the comfort of workers in an automobile and the user experience are improved, the energy consumption of an air conditioning system can be further reduced, and the power consumption is reduced.
The heat pump system comprises a plate heat exchanger Chiller and is used for adjusting the temperature of the battery pack, ensuring that the temperature in the battery pack is always in a reasonable temperature range and prolonging the service life of a power battery.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an air conditioning system according to an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a system cycle diagram of the passenger compartment individual cooling mode of the present embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a system cycle diagram of the battery pack cooling mode alone according to the present embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a system cycle diagram illustrating simultaneous cooling of the passenger compartment and the battery pack in accordance with the present embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a cycle chart of the passenger compartment separate heating mode system according to the embodiment;
Fig. 6 is a system cycle diagram of the battery pack individual heating mode according to the embodiment;
The system comprises a 1-variable frequency compressor, a 2-four-way reversing valve, a 3-external heat exchanger, a 4-variable frequency fan, a 5-filtering dryer, a 6-liquid storage device, a 7-internal heat exchanger electronic expansion valve, an 8-internal heat exchanger, a 9-air duct, a 10-air cover, an 11-angle-adjustable air supply air door, a 12-plate heat exchanger Chiller electronic expansion valve, a 13-plate heat exchanger Chiller, a 14-air-liquid separator, a 21-MCU, a 22-CAN bus physical line, a 23-seat sensor and a 24-temperature sensor.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the pure electric vehicle dual-evaporator heat pump air conditioning system comprises a variable frequency compressor 1, a four-way reversing valve 2, an external heat exchanger 3, a variable frequency fan 4, a filter dryer 5, a liquid storage device 6, an internal heat exchanger electronic expansion valve 7, an internal heat exchanger 8, an air duct 9, an internal heat exchanger variable frequency fan and air cover 10, an angle-adjustable air supply damper 11, a plate heat exchanger Chiller electronic expansion valve 12, a Chille13, an air-liquid separator 14, electromagnetic valves (15-22), an MCU21, a CAN bus physical line 22, a seat sensor 23 and a temperature sensor 24.
The variable frequency compressor 1, the four-way reversing valve 2, the external heat exchanger 3, the variable frequency fan 4, the filtering dryer 5, the liquid storage device 6, the internal heat exchanger electronic expansion valve 7, the internal heat exchanger 8, the plate heat exchanger Chiller electronic expansion valve 12, the plate heat exchanger Chiller13, the gas-liquid separator 14 and the electromagnetic valves (15-20) are connected through an automotive aluminum refrigeration pipeline and a plastic pipeline.
Perforated flanges are arranged on the periphery of the fan cover 10, perforated flanges are also arranged on the periphery of the outer portion of the vehicle-inside evaporator 8, the vehicle-inside evaporator 8 and the fan cover 10 are fixed through screws, and a gasket is arranged between the two flanges to prevent air quantity from dissipating. The angle-adjustable air supply air door 11 is connected with the fan cover through an air duct 9, and the air duct 9 is made of plastic materials.
The fan housing 10 is connected with an inlet of an air duct 9 in the vehicle, and an outlet of the air duct 9 is connected with an air outlet in the vehicle. Air supply air doors 11 with automatic angle adjustment are respectively arranged on the front air outlet and the rear air outlet in the automobile and used for changing the air supply direction and the air supply intensity, and the position angle of the air doors is automatically controlled by the MCU21 according to the actual passenger demand and can also be manually adjusted by personnel in the automobile.
The inside of the fan housing 10 is provided with an in-vehicle heat exchanger variable frequency fan for blowing air reaching a set temperature into a vehicle. The variable frequency fan of the heat exchanger in the automobile is connected with the MCU21 and controlled by the MCU21, and the air supply intensity in the automobile is changed by changing the rotating speed of the fan.
The MCU21 realizes data communication between the MCU21 of the air conditioning system and each execution component according to a set CAN communication protocol through a CAN bus physical line 22, the variable frequency compressor 1, the variable frequency fan 4, the electronic expansion valves (7, 12), the seat sensor 23 and the temperature sensor 24.
The machine body of the variable frequency compressor 1 is provided with a refrigerant inlet and a refrigerant outlet, the outlet of the variable frequency compressor 1 is connected with the inlet of the exterior heat exchanger 3 through a four-way reversing valve 2, the exterior heat exchanger 3 is provided with a variable frequency fan 4, the outlet of the exterior heat exchanger 3 is connected with the inlet of the filter dryer 5 through an electromagnetic valve 15, and the variable frequency fan is used for filtering moisture and magazines in the refrigerant and preventing throttling components from being blocked; the outlet of the filter dryer 5 is connected with the inlet of the liquid storage device 6; a three-way pipeline is arranged at an outlet of the liquid storage device 6, one pipeline at an outlet of the three-way pipeline is connected with an inlet of an electronic expansion valve 7 of the heat exchanger in the vehicle, the outlet 7 of the electronic expansion valve of the heat exchanger in the vehicle is connected with a heat exchanger 8 in the vehicle, and a solenoid valve 16 is arranged on a pipeline between the electronic expansion valve of the heat exchanger in the vehicle and the heat exchanger in the vehicle; the other branch pipeline is connected with an electromagnetic valve 20 and an inlet of a Chiller electronic expansion valve 12 of the plate heat exchanger, the Chiller electronic expansion valve of the plate heat exchanger, the Chiller of the plate heat exchanger and a gas-liquid separator are sequentially connected, an inlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected with an outlet of the variable frequency compressor through a four-way reversing valve, and an outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected with an inlet of the variable frequency compressor;
The outlet of the outer heat exchanger 3 is connected with the outlet of the electronic expansion valve 7 of the heat exchanger in the vehicle through an electromagnetic valve 18, and the inlet of the filtering dryer 5 is connected with an electromagnetic valve 16 through an electromagnetic valve 17.
And a three-way pipeline is arranged at the inlet of the in-vehicle heat exchanger 8, wherein the two-way pipeline is respectively connected with the outlet of the in-vehicle heat exchanger electronic expansion valve 7 and the four-way reversing valve 2 through a solenoid valve 16 and a solenoid valve 19, and the four-way reversing valve 2 is connected with the outlet of the variable frequency compressor 1. The inlet of the variable frequency compressor 1 is connected with the inlet of the gas-liquid separator 14; the gas-liquid separator 14 is used for separating gas-phase refrigerant and liquid-phase refrigerant at the outlet of the heat exchanger in the vehicle, so as to prevent liquid impact of the compressor. The MCU21 is connected with each execution component through a physical wire harness, and a CAN bus mode is adopted for communication and data instruction sending.
The variable frequency compressor 1, the four-way reversing valve 2, the external heat exchanger 3, the variable frequency fan 4, the filtering dryer 5, the liquid storage device 6, the electronic expansion valve 7 of the internal heat exchanger, the internal heat exchanger 8, the Chiller electronic expansion valve 12 of the plate heat exchanger, the Chiller13 of the plate heat exchanger, the gas-liquid separator 14 and the electromagnetic valve (15-20) are connected through an aluminum pipeline and a plastic pipeline of the air conditioning system for the vehicle.
The MCU21 is connected with the air conditioning system variable frequency compressor 1, the variable frequency fan 4, the electronic expansion valves (7, 12), the seat sensor 23 and the temperature sensor 24 through the CAN bus physical line 24, and realizes the data communication between the MCU21 and each execution component according to a set CAN communication protocol;
The heat pump air-conditioning system has six working modes, namely a passenger cabin independent refrigeration mode, a battery pack independent refrigeration mode, a passenger cabin and battery pack simultaneous refrigeration mode, a passenger cabin independent heating mode, a battery pack independent heating mode and a passenger cabin and battery pack simultaneous heating mode; the six modes can meet the heat management requirement of the passenger compartment of the electric automobile in the daily running process and can meet the heat management requirement of the power battery automobile in the running process and the charging process. Switching between the various modes is automatically regulated by the MCU21 according to an internally set control strategy.
In order to realize the operation switching under each mode, the execution components in the heat pump air-conditioning control system related by the invention are as follows: the variable frequency compressor 1, the variable frequency fan 4, the electronic expansion valves (7, 12), the electromagnetic valves (15-20) and the angle-adjustable air supply damper 11 are all controlled by the MCU21 in a unified manner; during the actual running process of the automobile, the temperature sensor 24 can automatically detect the temperature of the passenger compartment and the battery pack, and the MCU21 adjusts execution components such as the variable frequency compressor 1, the variable frequency fan 4, the electronic expansion valves (7, 12) and the like according to the deviation between the measured temperature and the set temperature and an internally set control strategy, thereby automatically adjusting the refrigerating/heating capacity of the heat pump air conditioning system.
Under the condition that the passenger compartment is independently refrigerated, the control system opens the electromagnetic valves 15, 16, 21 and 19, and closes other electromagnetic valves; and the electronic expansion valve 7 of the heat exchanger in the vehicle is adjusted to a reasonable opening degree; for example, when the passenger compartment is independently refrigerated, the power battery does not need temperature adjustment, so the refrigerating capacity required by the whole refrigerating system is relatively small, and the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve can be set to be 30% of the maximum opening degree at the moment, so that the flow of refrigerant in the system is reduced, and the power consumption of the system is reduced. The system circulation in this mode is as shown in fig. 2, a high-temperature high-pressure gaseous refrigerant at the outlet of the inverter compressor 1 enters the exterior heat exchanger 3 through the four-way reversing valve 2, exchanges heat with outside air in the exterior heat exchanger 3, is finally condensed into a high-pressure medium-temperature liquid refrigerant, and is filtered to remove impurities and moisture in the refrigerant through the filter drier 5; the refrigerant from the filter dryer 5 enters the liquid storage device 6, and then comes out from the outlet of the liquid storage device 6, enters the in-vehicle heat exchanger 8 through the in-vehicle heat exchanger electronic expansion valve 7, exchanges heat with the outside air in the in-vehicle heat exchanger 8, absorbs the heat of the air, and reduces the temperature of the air; the refrigerant coming out of the heat exchanger 8 in the vehicle returns to the compressor through the four-way reversing valve and the gas-liquid separator, so that the system circulation of the independent refrigeration of the passenger compartment is completed. Under the condition that the passenger compartment is independently refrigerated, air cooled by the heat exchanger 8 in the vehicle is pumped into the air duct 9 by the variable frequency fan 10 of the heat exchanger in the vehicle, is sent to the cab in the vehicle and the air door 11 of the passenger compartment through the air duct 9, enters the vehicle from the air door, and is used for adjusting the air in the vehicle.
In the battery pack independent refrigeration mode, the control system opens the electromagnetic valves 15 and 20, and closes other electromagnetic valves; and adjusting the Chiller electronic expansion valve 12 of the plate heat exchanger to a reasonable opening degree, and simultaneously opening a heat exchange water pump at the Chiller side of the plate heat exchanger. The system cycle of this mode is shown in FIG. 3; the high-temperature high-pressure gaseous refrigerant of the outlet of the variable frequency compressor 1 enters the heat exchanger 3 outside the vehicle through the four-way reversing valve 2, exchanges heat with outside air in the heat exchanger 3 outside the vehicle, is finally condensed into high-pressure medium-temperature liquid refrigerant, is filtered out of impurities and moisture in the refrigerant through the filter drier 5, then enters the liquid reservoir 6, and comes out from the outlet of the liquid reservoir 6. Then the gas passes through a Chiller-side electronic expansion valve 12 of the plate heat exchanger, enters Chille13 after throttling, exchanges heat with battery pack cooling liquid in Chille13, and reduces the temperature of the cooling liquid; the refrigerant from Chille13 enters the compressor through the four-way reversing valve 2 and the gas-liquid separator 14, thereby completing the system circulation of the independent refrigeration of the battery pack in the charging mode. The cooled cooling liquid continues to circularly flow in the battery pack cooling pipeline under the action of the water pump, partial heat dissipation capacity of the battery pack is taken away, and the temperature of the power battery is stabilized in a reasonable range.
Under the condition that the passenger compartment and the battery pack are simultaneously refrigerated, the electromagnetic valves 15, 16, 19 and 20 are opened by the refrigerating system, and other electromagnetic valves are closed; and adjusting the Chiller electronic expansion valve 12 of the plate heat exchanger and the electronic expansion valve 7 of the in-vehicle heat exchanger to reasonable opening degrees, and simultaneously opening a heat exchange water pump at the Chiller side of the plate heat exchanger. The system cycle of this mode is shown in FIG. 4; high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant at the outlet of the variable frequency compressor 1 enters the heat exchanger 3 outside the vehicle through the four-way reversing valve 2, exchanges heat with outside air in the heat exchanger 3 outside the vehicle, is finally condensed into high-pressure and medium-temperature liquid refrigerant, is filtered to remove impurities and moisture in the refrigerant through the filter drier 5, then enters the liquid reservoir 6, is discharged from the outlet of the liquid reservoir 6, is divided into two parts, and enters the Chiller electronic expansion valve 12 of the plate heat exchanger and the electronic expansion valve 7 of the heat exchanger inside the vehicle; and then the gas and the liquid are respectively throttled by two electronic expansion valves, enter the heat exchanger 8 in the vehicle and the plate heat exchanger Chiller13, are converged in front of an inlet of the gas-liquid separator 14, and return to the variable frequency compressor 1 through the gas-liquid separator 14.
In the passenger compartment independent heating mode, the control system opens the electromagnetic valves 17, 18 and 19, closes other electromagnetic valves, and simultaneously adjusts the electronic expansion valve 7 of the heat exchanger in the vehicle to a reasonable opening degree. In the mode, the circulation of the heat pump system is as shown in fig. 5, a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant at the outlet of the variable frequency compressor 1 enters the in-vehicle heat exchanger 8 through the four-way reversing valve 2, exchanges heat with in-vehicle air in the in-vehicle heat exchanger 8, heats the in-vehicle air, and supplies heat to the in-vehicle; meanwhile, the refrigerant is condensed into a high-pressure medium-temperature liquid refrigerant in the in-vehicle heat exchanger 8, impurities and moisture in the refrigerant are filtered out through the filter drier 5, and the refrigerant enters the liquid reservoir 6 and comes out from an outlet of the liquid reservoir 6. Enters the heat exchanger 3 outside the vehicle through the electronic expansion valve 7 of the heat exchanger inside the vehicle, and then returns to the variable frequency compressor 1 through the four-way reversing valve 2 and the gas-liquid separator 14.
In the battery pack individual heating mode, the heat pump system cycle is as shown in fig. 6; and the air conditioning system is closed, and the control system starts the PTC electric heater to supply heat for the battery pack.
In the heating mode of the passenger cabin and the battery pack at the same time, the circulation of the heat pump system is the same as the circulation of the passenger cabin in the independent heating mode; in this mode, the control system turns on the PTC electric heater while heating the battery pack.
The MCU21 can judge the number of passengers in the vehicle and the specific seats of the passengers in the vehicle according to the data returned by the seat sensor 23; the seat sensor is mainly a pressure sensor, is placed below a cushion of a seat in a vehicle, and senses whether a passenger is on the seat according to the pressure born by the seat.
The MCU21 can automatically adjust the switch and the air supply direction of the air supply air door 11 according to the number and the position of passengers, so that air supply according to needs can be realized, the comfort of the passenger compartment is improved, and the energy consumption of part of air conditioners can be reduced.
The air conditioning system MUC21 can automatically adjust the air supply intensity and the air supply direction, and a user can set the air conditioning system MUC21 to a manual mode when the user does not need the air conditioning system MUC, so that the personalized use habit of the user is met, and the user experience is enhanced.
The MCU21 is connected with the temperature sensor 24 through a physical bus and receives temperature data from the temperature sensor 24; according to the deviation between the measured temperature and the set temperature and an internally set control strategy, the rotating speed of the compressor 1, the rotating speed of the fan 4 and the opening degree of the electronic expansion valves (7 and 12) are automatically adjusted, and further the temperature adjustment of the interior of the vehicle and the battery pack is realized. For example, when the temperature in the vehicle is higher than the set temperature, the MCU (21) adjusts the air conditioning system to a refrigeration mode, and the internal control strategy adjusts the rotating speed of the compressor according to the difference value between the actual temperature in the vehicle and the target temperature; the temperature difference is large, which indicates that the heat load in the vehicle is large, and the rotating speed of the compressor is properly increased; when the temperature difference is small, the heat load in the vehicle is small, and the temperature in the vehicle can be stabilized near the set temperature by finely adjusting the rotating speed of the compressor, the rotating speed of the variable frequency fan or the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve, so that the closed-loop feedback control of the temperature control system is realized. The automatic temperature regulation strategy of the power battery is the same as that of the passenger cabin.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A pure electric vehicle double-evaporator heat pump air conditioning system is characterized by comprising a variable frequency compressor (1), a four-way reversing valve (2), an external heat exchanger (3), a variable frequency fan (4), a filtering dryer (5), a liquid storage device (6), an internal heat exchanger electronic expansion valve (7), an internal heat exchanger (8), a fan cover (10), a plate heat exchanger Chiller electronic expansion valve (12), a plate heat exchanger Chiller (13), a gas-liquid separator (14), electromagnetic valves (15-20), a Micro Control Unit (MCU) (21), a CAN bus physical line (22), a seat sensor (21) and a temperature sensor (22);
An outlet of the variable frequency compressor (1) is connected with an inlet of the external heat exchanger (3) through a four-way reversing valve (2), a variable frequency fan (4) is arranged on the outer side of the external heat exchanger (3), an outlet of the external heat exchanger (3) is connected with an inlet of the filtering dryer (5) through an electromagnetic valve (15), an outlet of the filtering dryer (5) is connected with an inlet of the liquid reservoir (6), and an outlet of the liquid reservoir (6) is provided with a three-way pipeline; an outlet pipeline of the three-way pipeline is connected with an inlet of the electronic expansion valve (7) of the heat exchanger in the vehicle, an electromagnetic valve (16) is arranged between an outlet of the electronic expansion valve (7) of the heat exchanger in the vehicle and an inlet of the heat exchanger in the vehicle, and an outlet of the heat exchanger in the vehicle is connected with the gas-liquid separator (14) through a four-way reversing valve; the other outlet pipeline of the three-way pipeline is connected with an inlet of an electronic expansion valve (12) at a Chiller side of the plate heat exchanger, the Chiller electronic expansion valve (12) of the plate heat exchanger is sequentially connected with a Chiller (13) of the plate heat exchanger and a gas-liquid separator (14), and an outlet of the gas-liquid separator (14) is connected with an air suction port of the variable frequency compressor (1);
The MCU (21) is connected with the variable-frequency compressor (1), the variable-frequency fan (4), the electronic expansion valves (7, 12), the seat sensor (23) and the temperature sensor (24) of the air conditioning system through a CAN bus physical line (22), and data communication between the MCU (21) and each execution component is realized according to a set CAN communication protocol.
2. The pure electric vehicle double-evaporator heat pump air-conditioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the electromagnetic valves (15, 16, 17 and 18) are used for switching modes of refrigeration and heating, and in the refrigeration mode, the electromagnetic valves (15 and 16) are in an open state, and the electromagnetic valves (17 and 18) are closed; in the heating mode, the electromagnetic valves (17, 18) are in an open state, and the electromagnetic valves (15, 16) are closed;
The inlet of the vehicle-mounted heat exchanger (8) is connected with the outlet of the electronic expansion valve (7) of the vehicle-mounted heat exchanger and the four-way reversing valve (2) through different electromagnetic valves respectively, and the four-way reversing valve (2) is connected with the outlet of the variable frequency compressor (1); and the inlet of the variable-frequency compressor (1) is connected with the outlet of the gas-liquid separator (14).
3. The pure electric vehicle double-evaporator heat pump air-conditioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the air hood is characterized in that flanges with holes are arranged on the periphery of the air hood (10), flanges with holes are also arranged on the periphery of the outer portion of the side evaporator (8), the side evaporator (8) and the air hood (10) are fixed through screws, and a gasket is arranged between the flanges of the side evaporator (8) and the air hood (10) to prevent air quantity from dissipating.
4. The pure electric vehicle double-evaporator heat pump air-conditioning system according to claim 2, characterized in that: the interior of the air cover (10) is provided with an in-vehicle heat exchanger variable frequency fan which is used for blowing air reaching a set temperature into a vehicle; the variable frequency fan of the heat exchanger in the vehicle is connected with the MCU (21), is controlled by the MCU (21), and changes the air supply intensity in the vehicle by changing the rotating speed of the fan; the variable frequency fan of the heat exchanger in the vehicle pumps air into the air duct (9), the air is sent to the angle-adjustable air supply air door (11) of the cab and the passenger compartment in the vehicle through the air duct (9), and the air enters the vehicle from the air door (11) to regulate the air in the vehicle.
5. The pure electric vehicle double-evaporator heat pump air-conditioning system according to claim 3, characterized in that: the angle-adjustable air supply air door (11) is connected with the fan cover through an air duct (9), and the air duct (9) is made of plastic materials.
6. The pure electric vehicle double-evaporator heat pump air-conditioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the MCU (21) judges the number of passengers in the vehicle and the positions of the passengers in the vehicle according to the data returned by the seat sensor (23).
7. The pure electric vehicle double-evaporator heat pump air-conditioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the MCU (21) automatically adjusts the switch of the air supply air door (11) and the air supply direction and the air supply intensity according to the number and the position of passengers, so that air supply according to needs is realized, the comfort of the passenger compartment is improved, and meanwhile, the energy consumption of part of air conditioners can be reduced.
8. The pure electric vehicle double-evaporator heat pump air-conditioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the MCU (21) receives temperature data from a temperature sensor (24); according to the deviation between the measured temperature and the set temperature, the rotating speed of the variable frequency compressor (1), the rotating speed of the variable frequency fan (4) and the opening degree of the electronic expansion valves (7 and 12) are automatically adjusted, and the automatic temperature adjustment of the passenger compartment and the battery in the vehicle is realized.
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Cited By (1)
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Application publication date: 20200717 |