CN216047703U - Secondary air system of circulating fluidized bed domestic garbage incinerator - Google Patents
Secondary air system of circulating fluidized bed domestic garbage incinerator Download PDFInfo
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- CN216047703U CN216047703U CN202122659416.2U CN202122659416U CN216047703U CN 216047703 U CN216047703 U CN 216047703U CN 202122659416 U CN202122659416 U CN 202122659416U CN 216047703 U CN216047703 U CN 216047703U
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Abstract
A circulating fluidized bed domestic waste burns burning furnace overgrate air system, domestic waste gets into and burns by the feed inlet of furnace side, and the high temperature flue gas that forms gets into cyclone and carries out gas-solid separation, and the solid matter part after the separation gets into furnace burning again, and the gas thing part after the separation gets into gas cleaning device after through exhaust-heat boiler and boiler feedwater heat transfer cooling, then discharges through the chimney through the draught fan. The upper secondary air adopts a hedging arrangement mode, and the lower secondary air adopts a secondary air arrangement mode of staggered arrangement, so that the disturbance intensity of the secondary air can be ensured, the opportunity of the gas-phase combustible to contact with oxygen is increased, and the gas-phase combustible is burnt out; the upper and lower layers of secondary air are tangentially arranged at four corners of the respective cross-section layer, so that the flue gas and the oxygen can be fully mixed at a lower secondary air speed, the flue gas residence time is increased, the burnout rate is improved, and the power consumption is reduced; the mixing effect of the flue gas and the SNCR reducing agent can be improved, the SNCR efficiency is improved, and the unit consumption of the reducing agent is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the field of garbage treatment, in particular to a secondary air system of a circulating fluidized bed household garbage incinerator.
Background
With the development of economy and the improvement of the living standard of residents, the quantity of domestic garbage generated by residents in daily life and production is gradually increased. According to statistics, the urban residents in China currently generate about 2.7 hundred million tons of domestic garbage every year and increase at a speed of 10 percent every year. According to the 'thirteen-five' plan, the incineration treatment capacity of the municipal domestic waste accounts for more than 50% of the total harmless treatment capacity, which is equivalent to that more than 360 seats of a 1000 t/d equivalent domestic waste incineration power plant are newly built. However, the domestic waste incineration has the problems of high pollutant emission control cost, serious furnace coking and the like, and particularly under the background that the current environmental protection requirement is strict and an enterprise collects environmental protection taxes for emission, if the enterprise can reduce the emission of pollutants, the domestic waste incineration not only is beneficial to the market competitiveness of the enterprise, but also builds beautiful China with actual actions.
At present, the domestic circulating fluidized bed technology for waste incineration mostly adopts an arrangement mode of upper and lower layers of secondary air in opposite impact, and the technology can realize the mixing of smoke and oxygen to a certain extent and ensure the burnout of gas-phase combustible materials. However, since the distance between the secondary air of the front wall and the secondary air of the rear wall is relatively far, the secondary air speed must be high enough to realize the function, so that the power of the secondary air fan is increased, and the power consumption is increased. Meanwhile, the secondary air arranged in an opposite direction at the upper layer and the lower layer has poor effect on realizing uniform flow of flue gas, and has the problems of non-uniform combustion and generally low SNCR efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the utility model provides a circulating fluidized bed secondary air double-layer tangential firing technology which is used for solving the problems that the distance of the secondary air on the front wall and the rear wall is far, the air speed of the secondary air is high enough to ensure the combustion efficiency of gas-phase combustible materials, and the problems that the flue gas flows unevenly and the SNCR efficiency is generally low due to the fact that the upper secondary air and the lower secondary air are arranged in a hedging manner.
A circulating fluidized bed domestic waste incinerator overgrate air system, including burner hearth, cyclone dust collector, exhaust-heat boiler, gas cleaning plant, draught fan and chimney connected sequentially;
a primary air fan and a primary air distribution plate are arranged at the bottom of the hearth, and an air distribution hood is arranged on the primary air distribution plate;
the side wall of the middle part of the hearth is provided with secondary air spray pipes, the upper layer and the lower layer are respectively provided with two secondary air spray pipes, the number of the secondary air spray pipes is four, and the sections where the upper secondary air and the lower secondary air are located form a four-corner tangential arrangement form;
the domestic garbage enters from a feed inlet on the side face of the hearth, moves and burns under the influence of primary air and secondary air, formed high-temperature flue gas enters the cyclone dust collector for gas-solid separation, the separated solid part enters the hearth again for burning, and the separated gas part enters the flue gas purification device after being subjected to heat exchange with boiler feed water and cooled through the waste heat boiler, and then is discharged through a chimney through the induced draft fan.
Furthermore, in the hearth, primary air enters the hearth through an air distribution hood by a primary fan through a primary air distribution plate arranged at the lower part of the hearth, and the household garbage fed from the feed inlet is blown up to be in a fluidized state for combustion.
Furthermore, the secondary air spray pipe comprises a front wall secondary air spray pipe, a front wall lower secondary air spray pipe, a rear wall secondary air spray pipe and a rear wall lower secondary air spray pipe.
Furthermore, in the hearth, the secondary air adopts a double-layer and single-tangent circle arrangement mode, namely the upper-layer secondary air and the lower-layer secondary air are completely staggered in the height direction, so that mutual interference is avoided, and the arrangement direction of the nozzles of each layer of secondary air adopts tangent circle arrangement, so that the secondary air on the same layer can form tangent circle flow after entering the hearth.
Further, the waste heat boiler and the boiler feed water exchange heat to cool.
Further, most harmful substances are removed in the flue gas purification device.
Further, the flue gas purification device comprises a deacidification system and a bag-type dust collector system, the deacidification system is in a mode of spraying calcium hydroxide substances and reacts with acid gases in the flue gas to remove the acid gases, and the bag-type dust collector is in a filtering and separating mode to separate solid substances in the flue gas.
The utility model achieves the following beneficial effects:
(1) the upper secondary air adopts a hedging arrangement mode, and the lower secondary air adopts a secondary air arrangement mode of staggered arrangement, so that the disturbance intensity of the secondary air can be ensured, the opportunity of the gas-phase combustible to contact with oxygen is increased, and the gas-phase combustible is burnt out;
(2) the upper and lower layers of secondary air are tangentially arranged at four corners of the respective cross-section layer, so that the flue gas and the oxygen can be fully mixed at a lower secondary air speed, the flue gas residence time is increased, the burnout rate is improved, and the power consumption is reduced;
(3) the secondary air arrangement mode of the four-corner tangential circle can improve the mixing effect of the flue gas and the SNCR reducing agent, improve the efficiency of the SNCR and reduce the unit consumption of the reducing agent.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a secondary air system of a circulating fluidized bed garbage incinerator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the direction of the upper secondary wind in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the direction of the lower secondary wind in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a hood according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure, 1-hearth, 101-front wall secondary air spray pipe, 102-front wall lower secondary air spray pipe, 103-rear wall secondary air spray pipe, 104-rear wall lower secondary air spray pipe, 105-primary air distribution plate, 2-cyclone dust collector, 3-waste heat boiler, 4-flue gas purification device, 5-induced draft fan and 6-chimney.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the utility model is further explained in detail by combining the drawings in the specification.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a circulating fluidized bed domestic waste incinerator overgrate air system, wherein the arrows show the garbage disposal process. The household garbage enters the hearth 1 from the side feeding hole for combustion, high-temperature flue gas is formed after the household garbage is combusted in the hearth 1, then the household garbage enters the cyclone dust collector 2 for gas-solid separation, and the separated solid part is recycled and enters the hearth again for combustion. The high-temperature flue gas enters the flue gas purification device 4 after exchanging heat with boiler feed water and cooling in the waste heat boiler 3, most harmful substances in the flue gas purification device 4 are removed, and finally the flue gas is discharged into the atmosphere through the chimney 6 by the induced draft fan 5. The primary air passes through the primary air distributing plate 105 arranged at the lower part of the hearth by the primary fan, enters the hearth through the air distributing hood (the structure of the hood is shown in figure 4), blows the household garbage fed from the feed inlet and takes a fluidized state for combustion. The secondary air is designed into an upper layer and a lower layer, the lower layer of secondary air is declined by 10 degrees and is in a staggered arrangement form, the upper layer of secondary air is horizontally arranged in a hedging manner, the upper layer of secondary air and the lower layer of secondary air are arranged at the angles of secondary air spray pipes of the front wall and the rear wall through adjustment, and a four-corner tangential circle arrangement form is formed on the section where the upper layer of secondary air and the lower layer of secondary air are located.
The overgrate air adopts double-deck, the simple circle of contact arrangement mode, also the overgrate air of upper strata and lower floor's overgrate air stagger completely in the direction of height, avoid mutual interference, the nozzle arrangement direction of each layer overgrate air adopts the circle of contact arrangement, guarantee that the overgrate air of the same layer can form the circle of contact flow after getting into furnace, upper and lower two-layer overgrate air forms the overgrate air arrangement technology of four corners circle of contact arrangement form at section separately and can realize under lower overgrate air wind speed, the regional abundant disturbance of combustible gas burning prolongs gaseous combustible substance stroke in the stove, increase dwell time, improve the burn-off rate. The flue gas that the rotation rises can improve the mixed effect of NOx and denitration reductant in the SNCR sprays into regional flue gas into, guarantees SNCR's efficiency. The overfire air arranged in an opposite impact way can completely cover the cross section of the outlet of the incinerator, so that the purging effect of the overfire air is ensured, and gaseous combustible materials are burnt out before leaving the incinerator.
The flue gas purification device mainly comprises a semidry method, a dry method deacidification system and a bag-type dust remover system, wherein the deacidification system is in a mode of spraying calcium hydroxide liquid drops or powder and reacts with acid gas in the flue gas to remove the acid gas, and the bag-type dust remover is in a filtering and separating mode to separate solid substances such as dust, particulate matters and the like in the flue gas to purify the flue gas and meet the national emission standard.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, but equivalent modifications or changes made by those skilled in the art according to the present disclosure should be included in the scope of the present invention as set forth in the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a circulating fluidized bed domestic waste burns burning furnace overgrate air system, includes furnace, cyclone, exhaust-heat boiler, gas cleaning device, draught fan and the chimney that connects gradually, its characterized in that:
a primary air fan and a primary air distribution plate are arranged at the bottom of the hearth, and an air distribution hood is arranged on the primary air distribution plate;
the side wall of the middle part of the hearth is provided with secondary air spray pipes, the upper layer and the lower layer are respectively provided with two secondary air spray pipes, the number of the secondary air spray pipes is four, and the sections where the upper secondary air and the lower secondary air are located form a four-corner tangential arrangement form;
the domestic garbage enters from a feed inlet on the side face of the hearth, moves and burns under the influence of primary air and secondary air, formed high-temperature flue gas enters the cyclone dust collector for gas-solid separation, the separated solid part enters the hearth again for burning, and the separated gas part enters the flue gas purification device after being subjected to heat exchange with boiler feed water and cooled through the waste heat boiler, and then is discharged through a chimney through the induced draft fan.
2. The circulating fluidized bed domestic waste incinerator overgrate air system of claim 1, characterized by: in the hearth, primary air enters the hearth through an air distribution hood by a primary fan through a primary air distribution plate arranged at the lower part of the hearth, and the household garbage fed from the feed inlet is blown up to be in a fluidized state for combustion.
3. The circulating fluidized bed domestic waste incinerator overgrate air system of claim 1, characterized by: the secondary air spray pipe comprises a front wall secondary air spray pipe, a front wall lower secondary air spray pipe, a rear wall secondary air spray pipe and a rear wall lower secondary air spray pipe.
4. The circulating fluidized bed domestic waste incinerator overgrate air system of claim 3, characterized by: in the furnace, the overgrate air adopts double-deck, the single tangent circle mode of arranging, also just upper strata overgrate air staggers completely in the direction of height with lower floor's overgrate air, avoids mutual interference, and the nozzle of each layer overgrate air arranges the direction and adopts the tangent circle to arrange, guarantees that the overgrate air of the same layer forms the tangent circle after getting into furnace and flows.
5. The circulating fluidized bed domestic waste incinerator overgrate air system of claim 1, characterized by: the waste heat boiler and the boiler feed water exchange heat to cool.
6. The circulating fluidized bed domestic waste incinerator overgrate air system of claim 1, characterized by: most harmful substances are removed in the flue gas purification device.
7. The circulating fluidized bed domestic waste incinerator overgrate air system of claim 6, characterized by: the flue gas purification device comprises a deacidification system and a bag-type dust collector system, wherein the deacidification system is used for reacting with acid gas in flue gas in a mode of spraying calcium hydroxide substances to remove the acid gas, and the bag-type dust collector is used for separating solid substances in the flue gas in a filtering and separating mode.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202122659416.2U CN216047703U (en) | 2021-11-02 | 2021-11-02 | Secondary air system of circulating fluidized bed domestic garbage incinerator |
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| CN202122659416.2U CN216047703U (en) | 2021-11-02 | 2021-11-02 | Secondary air system of circulating fluidized bed domestic garbage incinerator |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116146991A (en) * | 2023-04-18 | 2023-05-23 | 光大环保技术装备（常州）有限公司 | Self-adaptive secondary air regulating system of reverse pushing grate furnace and working method thereof |
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2021
- 2021-11-02 CN CN202122659416.2U patent/CN216047703U/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116146991A (en) * | 2023-04-18 | 2023-05-23 | 光大环保技术装备（常州）有限公司 | Self-adaptive secondary air regulating system of reverse pushing grate furnace and working method thereof |
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