CN215986048U - Device for simulating influence of extreme rainfall on leaching loss of soil nutrients of suburb vegetable field - Google Patents
Device for simulating influence of extreme rainfall on leaching loss of soil nutrients of suburb vegetable field Download PDFInfo
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- CN215986048U CN215986048U CN202121830953.2U CN202121830953U CN215986048U CN 215986048 U CN215986048 U CN 215986048U CN 202121830953 U CN202121830953 U CN 202121830953U CN 215986048 U CN215986048 U CN 215986048U
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 111
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
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- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 50
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 claims description 7
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- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004945 silicone rubber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims 1
- MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a device for simulating the influence of extreme rainfall on soil nutrient leaching loss of suburb vegetable fields, which comprises a simulation rainfall support for providing enough height and pressure of a rainfall water source, at least one rainfall water source simulation container hung on the upper part of the simulation rainfall support, at least one soil column system arranged in the simulation rainfall support, a pipe orifice fixing frame arranged at the upper end of the soil column system, and a connecting pipe for connecting the rainfall water source simulation container and the pipe orifice fixing frame, wherein the pipe orifice fixing frame is a stainless steel grid disc, the diameter of the pipe orifice fixing frame is larger than that of the soil column system, the pipe orifice fixing frame is arranged at the upper end of the soil column system, and the pipe orifice of the connecting pipe is fixed in a grid hole through hot melt adhesive so that the pipe orifice is two centimeters away from the soil surface in the soil column system. The pipe orifice fixing frame is independent of the soil column, the mutual position of the pipe orifice fixing frame and the soil column can be adjusted at any time according to experimental requirements, the fixed position of the pipe orifice on the pipe orifice fixing frame is adjusted, and the uniform degree of rainfall is conveniently adjusted.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of research on leaching loss of soil nutrients in suburb vegetable fields, in particular to a device for simulating influence of extreme rainfall on leaching loss of soil nutrients in suburb vegetable fields.
Background
With the change of global climate, the precipitation amount in the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze river and southern areas in China is in an increasing trend in the past 50 years, and the extreme precipitation frequency and intensity are obviously increased. High-strength precipitation is the main power for causing the downward leaching loss of soil nutrients, and causes ecological environment problems of soil nutrient loss, low fertilizer utilization rate, water eutrophication and the like. However, in an outdoor environment, the natural rainfall time and the rainfall amount are not fixed, the correlation between the rainfall and the soil nutrient leaching liquid is difficult to obtain due to the non-uniform nutrients in the soil and the height difference of the underground water level, and the leaching condition of the rainfall to the components in the soil is difficult to estimate. The existing simulation experiment device is used for directly inserting a rainfall simulation delivery pipe into a soil column, and the distance between the pipe orifice of the delivery pipe and the soil column and the quantity of precipitation pipes and the uniform degree of precipitation cannot be adjusted at any time according to experiment requirements.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to provide a device for simulating the influence of extreme rainfall on the leaching loss of soil nutrients in vegetable fields in suburbs.
In order to further achieve the purpose, the utility model is realized by the following technical scheme: a device for simulating the influence of extreme rainfall on the leaching loss of soil nutrients of suburb vegetable fields comprises:
the device comprises a simulation precipitation support, at least one precipitation water source simulation container, a soil column system, a pipe orifice fixing frame and a connecting pipe, wherein the simulation precipitation support is used for providing sufficient height and pressure of a precipitation water source, the at least one precipitation water source simulation container is hung on the upper portion of the simulation precipitation support, the soil column system is arranged in the simulation precipitation support and matched with the precipitation water source simulation container in quantity, the pipe orifice fixing frame is arranged at the upper end of the soil column system, the connecting pipe is connected with the precipitation water source simulation container and the pipe orifice fixing frame, the pipe orifice fixing frame is a stainless steel grid disc, the diameter of the pipe orifice fixing frame is larger than that of the soil column system, the pipe orifice fixing frame is arranged at the upper end of the soil column system, and the pipe orifice of the connecting pipe is fixed in a grid hole through hot melt adhesive so that the pipe orifice distance is two centimeters from the soil surface in the soil column system.
Optionally, the earth pillar system includes two half pipes that the butt joint is in the same place, and the butt joint department is sealed through the silica gel strip, two the half pipe cramps through the clamp after the butt joint and constitutes hollow cylindrical body, cylindrical body lower extreme is fixed and is located behind the collection original state earth pillar on the bottom plate of simulation precipitation support lower part, cylindrical body lower extreme leaves the round hole and is used for connecting leaching leakage water outlet pipe and discharges leaching leakage liquid, leaching leakage water outlet pipe's play liquid end extends to leaching leakage and holds in the bottle.
Furthermore, a quartz sand layer with the thickness of 2 cm is filled between the soil column and the bottom plate, and a layer of 300-mesh nylon net is respectively paved on the upper part and the lower part of the quartz sand layer.
Optionally, the simulated precipitation rack has a height of 2 m, a length of 1.2 m and a width of 1.2 m.
Optionally, the capacity of the precipitation water source simulation container is 500-1000 ml.
Optionally, the connecting pipe comprises a plurality of silicone tubes for determining the number and diameter of the tubes according to the rainfall, and a flow rate regulating valve is mounted on the connecting pipe.
Optionally, the height of the cylindrical tube body is 25-45 cm, the diameter of the cylindrical tube body is 16 cm, and 304 silicone rubber is used for connecting the cylindrical tube body and the bottom plate. Preferably, the cylindrical tube body is 25 cm in height and 16 cm in diameter.
Further, the diameter of the pipe orifice fixing frame is 20 cm.
In the utility model, the rainfall water source simulation container is filled with deionized water, and solution can be prepared according to experimental requirements to simulate rainfall. The leaching liquid receiving bottle receives leakage water seeping from the bottom of the soil column, and the filtered leakage water can be used for determination and analysis of soil components such as soil nutrients, organic pollutants, heavy metals and the like. And the obtained leakage water volume and concentration data are mathematically calculated to obtain leaching rate, leaching amount and dynamics related data, so that the correlation relation between precipitation amount-soil nutrient-leaching amount is evaluated, and the influence of extreme precipitation on soil components and underground water is predicted.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages and benefits that:
1. the mouth of pipe mount is independent of the earth pillar, can adjust the mutual position with the earth pillar at any time according to the experiment requirement, adjusts the fixed position of mouth of pipe on the mouth of pipe mount, conveniently adjusts the even degree of precipitation.
2. The pipe orifice fixing frame is a stainless steel grid disc, the diameter of the pipe orifice fixing frame is larger than that of the soil column, the pipe orifice fixing frame is placed on the upper portion of an opening of the soil column, and the pipe orifice is fixed in a grid hole through hot melt adhesive, so that the distance between the pipe orifice and the soil surface of the soil column is about 2 cm, and the impact of precipitation water drops falling on the soil surface and the splashed soil column are reduced.
3. The rainfall intensity can be rapidly adjusted, the number of the rainfall connecting pipes and the number of the soil columns can be increased or reduced according to experimental design, the rainfall tester can be used for researching the leaching, infiltration and migration conditions of rainfall on soil nutrients, pollutants and soil components, and estimating the influence of the rainfall on the soil nutrients, the components and underground water.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an experimental apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the construction of the earth pillar of the present invention;
in the drawings: 1-precipitation support, 2-precipitation water source simulation container, 3-connecting pipe, 4-flow rate control valve, 5-pipe orifice fixing frame, 6-soil column system, 7-half pipe, 8-silica gel strip, 9-clamp, 10-bottom plate, 11-quartz sand layer, 12-nylon net, 13-leaching leakage water outlet pipe and 14-leaching liquid receiving bottle.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments so that those skilled in the art can further understand the present invention, but the following embodiments are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention in any way.
The device of extreme rainfall of simulation that this embodiment provided influences suburb vegetable field soil nutrient leaching loss, as shown in fig. 1-2, including simulation precipitation support 1, precipitation water source simulation container 2, connecting pipe 3, flow rate control valve 4, mouth of pipe mount 5, earth pillar system 6 includes two half pipes 7, two silica gel strips 8, two clamps 9, bottom plate 10, quartz sand layer 11, nylon net filter layer 12 and leaching loss percolating water outlet pipe 13 and leaching loss liquid take-up bottle 14, wherein:
the simulated precipitation bracket 1 consists of a plurality of battens, provides enough height and stability for suspending a precipitation water source and enables the connecting pipe 3 to be unfolded and hung straightly. Precipitation water source simulation container 2 hangs on 1 upper portion whippletree of simulation precipitation support, 2 upper portion openings in simulation water source container, sub-unit connection precipitation connecting pipe 3, the mouth of pipe of connecting pipe 3 is fixed on mouth of pipe mount 5 that is located the earth pillar upper end, mouth of pipe mount 5 is stainless steel net disc, the diameter is greater than the earth pillar, place on earth pillar opening upper portion, fix the mouth of pipe in the net hole through the hot melt adhesive, make the mouth of pipe apart from the earth pillar soil face about 2 centimetres, reduce the impact and the spill earth pillar of precipitation water droplet drippage to the soil face. The pipe orifice fixing frame 5 is independent of the earth pillar, the mutual position of the pipe orifice fixing frame and the earth pillar can be adjusted at any time according to experiment requirements, the fixed position of the pipe orifice on the pipe orifice fixing frame 5 is adjusted, and the uniform degree of precipitation is conveniently adjusted.
In some preferred embodiments, the simulated precipitation bracket 1 is 2 meters high, 1.2 meters long and 1.2 meters wide, the simulated container 2 of the precipitation water source is hung at the upper end of the simulated precipitation bracket 1, the container is made of PC material and is 500 ml and 1000 ml, and the lower end provides 1.8 meters high precipitation height. The pipe orifice fixing frame 5 is a stainless steel grid disc with the diameter of 20 cm.
The earth pillar system 6 comprises two half pipes 7, two silica gel strips 8 and two hoops 9, wherein the two half pipes 7 are butted, the butted part is sealed by the silica gel strips 8, the two half pipes 7 are hooped by the hoops 9 after being butted to form a hollow cylindrical pipe body, the lower end of the cylindrical pipe body is fixed on a bottom plate 10 after the undisturbed earth pillar is collected, and the upper end of the cylindrical pipe body is provided with an opening. Wherein, a quartz sand layer 11 composed of quartz sand with the thickness of 2 cm and the grain diameter of 2-3 mm is filled between the earth pillar and the bottom plate 10, a layer of 300-mesh nylon net 12 is respectively paved on the upper part and the lower part of the quartz sand layer 11, a round hole with the diameter of 0.8 cm is reserved at the lower end of the cylindrical tube body and is used for connecting a leaching leakage water outlet pipe 13 (a silicone tube) to discharge leaching leakage liquid.
In some preferred embodiments, the cylindrical tube body has a height of 25-45 cm and a diameter of 16 cm; the cylindrical pipe body and the bottom plate are made of polyvinyl chloride, 304 silicone rubber is used for connecting the cylindrical pipe body and the bottom plate, and 20-40 cm deep soil can be contained in the cylindrical pipe body; preferably, the cylindrical pipe body is 25 cm in height and 16 cm in diameter, wherein the undisturbed soil column is 20 cm in height, the depth is the soil range of the plough layer, and available nutrients of the soil are concentrated in the depth. Considering the difficulty of manufacturing the soil column and the representativeness and data reliability of the undisturbed soil column, the soil column with the diameter of 16 cm is determined to be the optimal diameter, the gap between the soil body and the pipe wall of the manufactured undisturbed soil column is too large due to too small diameter, the downward seepage water can preferentially flow out from a larger gap, the result is lower, the soil column is difficult to manufacture due to too large diameter, and the sampling workload is increased. The original soil column in the field can be directly collected, and the soil can also be air-dried, crushed and sieved to manufacture a filling soil column. The physical and chemical properties of the undisturbed soil column are close to those of different depths of field soil, and the filled soil column can be filled with matrixes with different particle sizes and compositions according to the actual requirements of researchers to carry out research.
The rainfall water source simulation container is filled with deionized water, and solution can be prepared according to experiment requirements to simulate rainfall. The leaching liquid receiving bottle receives leakage water seeping from the bottom of the soil column, and the filtered leakage water can be used for determination and analysis of soil components such as soil nutrients, organic pollutants, heavy metals and the like.
The test device is characterized in that: the number of simulation precipitation water sources and the number of connecting pipes can be flexibly adjusted according to the test design requirements, and various precipitation strengths are guaranteed. Obtaining the leaching leakage water in different time periods and time points.
The operation principle of the device for simulating the influence of extreme rainfall on the leaching loss of the soil nutrients from the suburb vegetable fields according to the utility model will be briefly described with reference to fig. 1-2 in conjunction with the above structural description.
1) Manufacturing an undisturbed soil column: the cylindrical pipe body (polyvinyl chloride circular pipe) is vertical to the horizontal soil surface and is vertically inserted. The column was inserted about 22 cm down for a 20 cm deep column and about 42 cm down for a 40 cm column. And after the preset depth is reached, removing the soil adhered to the outside of the cylindrical pipe body, and cutting off the soil column at the bottom of the cylindrical pipe body. Inverting the soil column, removing soil with the lowest layer of about 2 cm, finishing the soil surface to be nearly horizontal, uniformly paving 2 cm thick quartz sand with the particle size of 2-3 mm to form a quartz sand layer 11, respectively paving a nylon net 12 with the aperture of 300 meshes on the upper part and the lower part of the quartz sand layer 11, and sticking a bottom plate 10 by using silicon rubber. A circular hole with the diameter of about 0.8 cm is reserved at the joint of the bottom plate 10 and the cylindrical pipe body and is connected with a leaching leakage water outlet pipe 13 (a silicone tube) for leading out leaching leakage water.
2) The indoor simulation precipitation device operates: a rainfall water source simulation container 2 for containing a water source is hung above the soil column and is communicated with a connecting pipe 3, the water outlet speed is adjusted through a flow control valve 4 according to the rainfall intensity, and the rainfall water source simulation container drips on the surface of the soil column through a pipe orifice fixed frame 5 fixed above the soil column. The water content is saturated gradually after entering the earth pillar, the water is infiltrated after reaching the maximum water holding capacity, the water flows out from an outlet pipe after being filtered by a nylon net 12 and a quartz sand layer 13 and is collected in a leakage liquid collecting bottle 14, the leakage water is collected at different time periods until no leakage water flows out, and the leakage water is filtered after the volume measurement to determine the nitrate nitrogen content.
3) Collecting soil samples of different depths of the soil column: after extreme rainfall is finished and water seepage does not flow out any more, the pipe body and the bottom plate are separated carefully by a knife, after the pipe hoop is removed, the cylindrical pipe body is split along the silica gel strip, and soil samples of different depths are collected from the soil surface for measuring and analyzing the content of nitrate nitrogen in the soil.
4) Data processing: the following data are obtained in the whole test process of influence of indoor simulation extreme rainfall on soil nutrient leaching loss of suburb vegetable fields: and calculating the nutrient leaching loss amount and leaching loss rate over time according to the volume of the water to be leached and the nitrate nitrogen content in the water to be leached over time in the precipitation process. The influence of water infiltration on the longitudinal migration of soil nutrients caused by extreme rainfall is obtained by comparing the nitrate nitrogen content of soil with different soil depths of the soil columns treated by different rainfall. And finally estimating the influence of the precipitation on the leaching loss of the nitrate nitrogen nutrients of the soil in the suburb vegetable field and the input potential of the underground water nitrogen.
Besides the study on the leaching loss of soil nutrients by extreme rainfall related in the example, the study on the influence of dry and wet settlement on soil properties and leakage water and the like on the migration and transformation of pollutants in soil under the driving of rainfall can be carried out.
The above examples are only some of the preferred examples of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the contents of the embodiments. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made within the spirit of the utility model, and any changes and modifications made are within the scope of the utility model.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a device that simulation extreme rainfall influences suburb vegetable field soil nutrient leaching loss which characterized in that includes:
the device comprises a simulation precipitation support, at least one precipitation water source simulation container, a soil column system, a pipe orifice fixing frame and a connecting pipe, wherein the simulation precipitation support is used for providing sufficient height and pressure of a precipitation water source, the at least one precipitation water source simulation container is hung on the upper portion of the simulation precipitation support, the soil column system is arranged in the simulation precipitation support and matched with the precipitation water source simulation container in quantity, the pipe orifice fixing frame is arranged at the upper end of the soil column system, the connecting pipe is connected with the precipitation water source simulation container and the pipe orifice fixing frame, the pipe orifice fixing frame is a stainless steel grid disc, the diameter of the pipe orifice fixing frame is larger than that of the soil column system, the pipe orifice fixing frame is arranged at the upper end of the soil column system, and the pipe orifice of the connecting pipe is fixed in a grid hole through hot melt adhesive so that the pipe orifice distance is two centimeters from the soil surface in the soil column system.
2. The device for simulating the influence of extreme rainfall on the leaching loss of soil nutrients from suburb vegetable fields as claimed in claim 1, wherein the soil column system comprises two half pipes which are butted together, the butt joint is sealed by a silica gel strip, the two half pipes are clamped by a clamp after being butted to form a hollow cylindrical pipe body, the lower end of the cylindrical pipe body is fixed on a bottom plate positioned at the lower part of the simulated rainfall support after the original soil column is collected, a round hole is reserved at the lower end of the cylindrical pipe body and used for being connected with a leaching leakage water outlet pipe to discharge leaching leakage liquid, and the liquid outlet end of the leaching leakage water outlet pipe extends into a leaching leakage receiving bottle.
3. The device for simulating the influence of extreme rainfall on the leaching loss of soil nutrients from suburb vegetable fields as claimed in claim 2, wherein a quartz sand layer with the thickness of 2 cm is filled between the soil column and the bottom plate, and a layer of 300-mesh nylon net is respectively paved on the upper part and the lower part of the quartz sand layer.
4. The device for simulating the influence of extreme rainfall on the leaching loss of the soil nutrients from the suburb vegetable field according to claim 1, wherein the simulated rainfall support is 2 meters high, 1.2 meters long and 1.2 meters wide.
5. The device for simulating the influence of extreme rainfall on the leaching loss of soil nutrients from suburb vegetable fields as claimed in claim 1, wherein the capacity of the rainfall water source simulation container is 500 ml and 1000 ml.
6. The device for simulating the influence of extreme rainfall on the leaching loss of the soil nutrients from the suburb vegetable fields as claimed in claim 1, wherein the connecting pipe comprises a plurality of silicone tubes for determining the number and the diameter of the tubes according to the rainfall, and a flow rate regulating valve is mounted on the silicone tubes.
7. The device for simulating the effect of extreme rainfall on the leaching loss of soil nutrients from suburb vegetable fields as claimed in claim 2, wherein the cylindrical tube body is 25-45 cm high and 16 cm in diameter, and 304 silicone rubber is used for connecting the cylindrical tube body and the bottom plate.
8. The device for simulating the influence of extreme rainfall on the leaching loss of soil nutrients from suburb vegetable fields as claimed in claim 7, wherein the diameter of the pipe orifice fixing frame is 20 cm.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202121830953.2U CN215986048U (en) | 2021-08-06 | 2021-08-06 | Device for simulating influence of extreme rainfall on leaching loss of soil nutrients of suburb vegetable field |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202121830953.2U CN215986048U (en) | 2021-08-06 | 2021-08-06 | Device for simulating influence of extreme rainfall on leaching loss of soil nutrients of suburb vegetable field |
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| CN215986048U true CN215986048U (en) | 2022-03-08 |
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| CN202121830953.2U Active CN215986048U (en) | 2021-08-06 | 2021-08-06 | Device for simulating influence of extreme rainfall on leaching loss of soil nutrients of suburb vegetable field |
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| CN (1) | CN215986048U (en) |
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2021
- 2021-08-06 CN CN202121830953.2U patent/CN215986048U/en active Active
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| EE01 | Entry into force of recordation of patent licensing contract |
Assignee: Hubei Xiangrun Ecological Agriculture Technology Co.,Ltd. Assignor: HUBEI ENGINEERING University Contract record no.: X2024980005322 Denomination of utility model: A device for simulating the impact of extreme precipitation on nutrient leaching in suburban vegetable fields Granted publication date: 20220308 License type: Common License Record date: 20240510 |
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| EE01 | Entry into force of recordation of patent licensing contract |