CN215932181U

CN215932181U - High-precision low-cost integrated meteorological instrument

Info

Publication number: CN215932181U
Application number: CN202122037377.2U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 马宇栋
Original assignee: Lingyang Technology Hangzhou Co ltd
Current assignee: Lingyang Technology Hangzhou Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-08-27
Filing date: 2021-08-27
Publication date: 2022-03-01
Anticipated expiration: 2031-08-27

Abstract

The utility model discloses a high-precision low-cost integrated meteorological instrument, which comprises an all-sky imager, a main shaft, an ultrasonic wind speed and direction sensor and a control module, wherein the all-sky imager, the main shaft, the ultrasonic wind speed and direction sensor and the control module are fixedly connected in sequence from top to bottom; an assembly bracket capable of rotating up and down is movably fixed on the main shaft, a secondary shaft capable of rotating back and forth is movably fixed at the tail end of the assembly bracket, and a photovoltaic assembly is fixed on the secondary shaft; the all-sky imager, the ultrasonic wind speed and direction sensor and the photovoltaic module are all electrically connected with the control module. The irradiation data can be calculated through the photovoltaic power generation characteristics; the ultrasonic wind direction sensor can measure wind speed and wind direction. The utility model can simplify the structure of the device, improve the measurement precision and reduce the cost of the device, thereby meeting the requirements of the utilization of solar photovoltaic, photothermal and other technologies.

Description

High-precision low-cost integrated meteorological instrument

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of solar energy, and particularly relates to a high-precision low-cost integrated meteorological instrument.

Background

The advanced development of the science and technology level of the modern society brings better life quality to human beings, and simultaneously, the human beings need more energy sources to meet the increasingly expanding demands of the human beings. The meteorological environment data are important indexes for determining solar power generation, play a decisive role in the quality of solar power generation, and provide effective data guarantee for the design of a solar power station.

The photovoltaic meteorological instrument is developed aiming at monitoring the environmental conditions when the photovoltaic power station operates. The device can timely collect, store and upload various meteorological element data and photovoltaic module operating environment data related to photovoltaic power generation at the photovoltaic power station location for monitoring and controlling the operating state of the photovoltaic power station.

Chinese patent publication No. CN204331068U discloses a portable photovoltaic weather instrument, which comprises a temperature collector, a humidity collector, a wind speed collector and a wind direction collector, wherein the temperature collector comprises an environmental temperature collector and a photovoltaic cell panel temperature collector, the photovoltaic cell panel temperature collector is installed on a photovoltaic cell panel back plate, and the portable photovoltaic weather instrument further comprises an irradiance tester, an angle between the irradiance tester and the photovoltaic cell panel is adjustable, so as to collect weather in each area of a power station. The meteorological data collected by the meteorological instrument can provide reference data for the power generation capacity and the power generation amount of a power station, but the meteorological instrument has the problems of insufficient sensor integration level and complex structure.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model discloses a high-precision low-cost integrated meteorological instrument, which simplifies the equipment structure, improves the measurement precision, and reduces the equipment cost so as to meet the requirements of utilization of solar photovoltaic, photothermal and other technologies.

A high-precision low-cost integrated meteorological instrument comprises an all-sky imager, a main shaft, an ultrasonic wind speed and direction sensor and a control module which are fixedly connected in sequence from top to bottom;

an assembly bracket capable of rotating up and down is movably fixed on the main shaft, a secondary shaft capable of rotating back and forth is movably fixed at the tail end of the assembly bracket, and a photovoltaic assembly is fixed on the secondary shaft;

the all-sky imager, the ultrasonic wind speed and direction sensor and the photovoltaic module are all electrically connected with the control module.

Furthermore, the photovoltaic module comprises a photovoltaic panel and a converter which are connected with each other, and the converter comprises a state monitoring unit and a communication interface; the photovoltaic panel is electrically connected with the control module through the converter.

In the utility model, the top all-sky imager has clear imaging pictures, few fragments and high imaging rate, transmits data to the control module, and can perform AI image recognition and forecast weather. The small-capacity photovoltaic modules are arranged below the solar panel, so that the angles of the photovoltaic panels can be adjusted in multiple directions, the generated energy and module temperature data are collected, the irradiation and temperature data of the photovoltaic panels are calculated according to the physical characteristics of photovoltaic power generation, and meanwhile, the photovoltaic power generation can also provide electric energy for the control module. An ultrasonic anemorumbometer is installed below the photovoltaic module and replaces a traditional wind cup/wind vane/propeller anemorumbometer sensor, the speed of ultrasonic wave propagation in the air can correspond to a wind speed function, and accurate wind speed and wind direction can be obtained through calculation.

Furthermore, the photovoltaic modules are at least two and are arranged on the main shaft through corresponding module supports and auxiliary shafts.

Furthermore, the ultrasonic wind speed and direction sensor comprises a reflecting plate, an ultrasonic probe and an ultrasonic transmitting and receiving module which are sequentially fixed from top to bottom, the upper end face of the reflecting plate is fixed with the main shaft, and the lower end face of the ultrasonic transmitting and receiving module is fixed with the control module.

Furthermore, the control module comprises a control chip, a GPS module, a storage module, a power module and a photovoltaic module inverter module;

the input ends of the all-sky imager and the ultrasonic wind speed and direction sensor are connected with the power supply module, and the output ends of the all-sky imager and the ultrasonic wind speed and direction sensor are connected with the storage module;

the output end of the photovoltaic module is respectively connected with the power module and the storage module; the photovoltaic module is connected with the power module through the photovoltaic module inverter module.

Furthermore, the model of the all-sky imager is an SRF-02 model, and the model of the ultrasonic wind speed and direction sensor is an EC-A2 model.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

(1) the image formed by the all-sky imager is clear, the imaging rate is high, and the performance is stable;

(2) the ultrasonic wind speed and direction sensor has high measurement precision, flexible and light design and convenient installation and maintenance;

(3) the method has the advantages that the generated energy data collected by the low-cost photovoltaic panel are used as the original data for calculation and learning, the irradiation data are calculated through an algorithm, the high-precision irradiation value is effectively restored, and the cost can be effectively reduced;

(4) the whole structure design is light and handy, and convenient maintenance need not maintain and on-the-spot calibration, reduce cost.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-precision low-cost integrated weather instrument according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an electrical schematic of a photovoltaic module according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an ultrasonic wind speed and direction sensor according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a system framework diagram of a control module of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The utility model will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and examples, which are intended to facilitate the understanding of the utility model without limiting it in any way.

As shown in FIG. 1, the high-precision low-cost integrated weather instrument comprises an all-sky imager 1, a main shaft 4, an ultrasonic wind speed and direction sensor 7 and a control module 8 which are sequentially fixed from top to bottom.

Two component supports 5 capable of rotating up and down are movably fixed on the main shaft 4, auxiliary shafts 6 capable of rotating back and forth are movably fixed at the tail ends of the two component supports 5, and a photovoltaic component 2 and a photovoltaic component 3 are fixed on the auxiliary shafts 6; the all-sky imager 1, the ultrasonic wind speed and direction sensor 7 and the photovoltaic module are electrically connected with the control module 8.

In this embodiment, the model of the all-sky imager 1 is SRF-02, which is disposed at the upper end of the main shaft 4 and mainly comprises a camera, a hemispherical mirror surface with a heating device, a shading band above the mirror surface, and an electronic device system below the mirror surface. The captured image is a true color RGB image with a resolution of 24 bits and is automatically stored in the control module 8 in JPEG format for image processing and analysis. The input is powered by the power module of the control module 8.

The structural installation design of the photovoltaic module 2 is shown in fig. 1, wherein the main shaft 4 can drive the module support 5 to rotate in the up-down direction, and the auxiliary shaft 6 is arranged at the tail end of the module support 5, so that the photovoltaic module 2 can adjust the angle in the front-back direction, namely, the photovoltaic module 2 rotates along with the auxiliary shaft 6.

In this embodiment, the photovoltaic module 2 and the photovoltaic module 3 are in the model of SRP5W, as shown in fig. 2, the photovoltaic module 2 includes a photovoltaic panel 21 and a converter 22 connected to each other, and the converter 22 includes a state monitoring unit 23 and a communication interface 24; the photovoltaic panel 21 is electrically connected to the control module 8 via a converter 22. The state monitoring unit 23 may monitor the state of charge and data of temperature, voltage, current, power, etc.

After receiving the data of the photovoltaic module 2, the control module 8 calculates the real-time irradiation amount and temperature according to a photovoltaic power generation physical characteristic algorithm, and stores the data.

In this embodiment, the ultrasonic wind speed and direction sensor 7 is EC-a2, and is disposed below the main shaft 4 to measure ambient wind speed, wind direction, temperature, humidity, and atmospheric pressure. As shown in fig. 3, the topmost part of the ultrasonic wind speed and direction sensor 7 is a reflection plate 71, an ultrasonic probe 72 is fixed below the reflection plate, and an ultrasonic transmitting and receiving module 73 is fixed below the ultrasonic probe 72. The ultrasonic wind speed and direction sensor 7 supports an MODBUS protocol and outputs a digital result to the control module 8; an RS485/RS232 interface is supported, and the input end is provided with electric energy by a power supply module of the control module 8.

As shown in fig. 4, a control chip 80, a power module 81, a sensor interface 82, a photovoltaic module inverter module 83, an online debugging module 84, a storage module 85, a GPS module 86, an alarm module 87, a serial communication module 88, and a wireless module 89 are disposed in the control module 8.

The input ends of the all-sky imager 1 and the ultrasonic wind speed and direction sensor 7 are connected with the output end of the power module 81, and the output ends of the all-sky imager 1 and the ultrasonic wind speed and direction sensor 7 are connected with the storage module 85; the output end of the photovoltaic module 2 is respectively connected with the power module 81 and the storage module 85; the photovoltaic module 2 is connected to the power module 81 through the photovoltaic module inverter module 83.

The model of the control chip 80 is MCUSTM32, the power module 81 takes ASM1117 as a core, secondary voltage stabilization is carried out on the voltage provided by the switching power supply, stable work of the single chip microcomputer is guaranteed, and the service life of elements is prolonged. The sensor interface 82 is designed according to the use requirement of the sensor, and the interface needs to receive the RS-485 or voltage signal transmitted back by the sensor and provide working power supply for the sensor. The serial communication module 88 uses an I83485 chip as a core, and the chip is connected with a corresponding serial pin of the control chip 80 and used for obtaining sensor data and communicating with an upper computer. The alarm module 87 mainly comprises a buzzer and an LED, a system program is introduced into the self-checking module to monitor each part, and if a certain part works abnormally, the alarm module 87 is triggered to give an alarm. On the other hand, the control module 8 builds a solar irradiation-photovoltaic power generation model according to the collected photovoltaic power generation data, calculates direct radiation and scattered radiation at the position and ground diffuse reflection data, and stores the processed data.

The embodiments described above are intended to illustrate the technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only specific embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, additions and equivalents made within the scope of the principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The high-precision low-cost integrated meteorological instrument is characterized by comprising an all-sky imager (1), a main shaft (4), an ultrasonic wind speed and direction sensor (7) and a control module (8), which are fixedly connected from top to bottom in sequence;

an assembly support (5) capable of rotating up and down is movably fixed on the main shaft (4), a secondary shaft (6) capable of rotating back and forth is movably fixed at the tail end of the assembly support (5), and a photovoltaic assembly (2) is fixed on the secondary shaft (6);

the all-sky imager (1), the ultrasonic wind speed and direction sensor (7) and the photovoltaic module (2) are electrically connected with the control module (8).

2. The integrated weather-meter with high precision and low cost according to claim 1, characterized in that the photovoltaic module (2) comprises a photovoltaic panel (21) and a converter (22) which are connected with each other, wherein the converter comprises a state monitoring unit (23) and a communication interface (24); the photovoltaic panel (20) is electrically connected with the control module (8) through a converter (21).

3. High-precision low-cost integrated weather instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, the photovoltaic modules (2) are at least two and are arranged on the main shaft (4) through corresponding module supports (5) and auxiliary shafts (6).

4. The high-precision low-cost integrated weather instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that the ultrasonic wind speed and direction sensor (7) comprises a reflecting plate (71), an ultrasonic probe (72) and an ultrasonic transmitting and receiving module (73) which are fixed from top to bottom in sequence, the upper end surface of the reflecting plate (71) is fixed with the main shaft (4), and the lower end surface of the ultrasonic transmitting and receiving module (73) is fixed with the control module (8).

5. The integrated weather instrument with high precision and low cost according to claim 1, wherein the control module (8) comprises a control chip (80), a GPS module (86), a storage module (85), a power module (81) and a photovoltaic module inverter module (83);

the input ends of the all-sky imager (1) and the ultrasonic wind speed and direction sensor (7) are connected with the power module (81), and the output ends of the all-sky imager and the ultrasonic wind speed and direction sensor are connected with the storage module (85);

the output end of the photovoltaic module (2) is respectively connected with the power module (81) and the storage module (85); the photovoltaic module (2) is connected with the power module (81) through the photovoltaic module inverter module (83).

6. High-precision low-cost integrated weather instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that the model of the all-sky imager (1) is model SRF-02 and the model of the ultrasonic wind speed and direction sensor (7) is model EC-a 2.