CN210165591U - Solar water heater capable of improving solar energy utilization rate - Google Patents
Solar water heater capable of improving solar energy utilization rate Download PDFInfo
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- CN210165591U CN210165591U CN201920665885.5U CN201920665885U CN210165591U CN 210165591 U CN210165591 U CN 210165591U CN 201920665885 U CN201920665885 U CN 201920665885U CN 210165591 U CN210165591 U CN 210165591U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a solar water heater for improving the solar energy utilization rate, which comprises a water tank and a solar heat collecting device which are connected with each other, and also comprises a rotatable solar light reflecting plate; the rotating shaft of the solar reflecting plate is positioned at the bottom of the solar heat collecting device, a flexible photovoltaic plate is attached to the surface of the water tank, and the flexible photovoltaic plate is connected with a storage battery; the sunlight reflecting plate reflects sunlight to the solar heat collecting device or the flexible photovoltaic plate. The utility model discloses make sunlight reflection to flexible photovoltaic board or solar heat collection device, when the temperature of water tank reached operation requirement, adjustable sunlight reflection board reverberation to flexible photovoltaic board, the flexible photovoltaic board electricity generation of accessible input battery is stored the electric energy by the battery. Therefore, redundant solar energy can be converted into electric energy for storage, the electric energy can be used as a driving power supply of the motor, and the electric energy can be used for other household equipment, so that the sunlight utilization rate is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a solar water heater, in particular to improve solar energy utilization rate's solar water heater.
Background
At present, as solar water heaters are widely accepted by society, the technology and the product structure of the solar water heaters break through, and national policies are greatly promoted and strong support is provided by local governments, the market of the solar water heaters in China is rapidly increased. Compared with the traditional electric water heater and gas water heater, the solar water heater has the advantages of energy saving, high efficiency, environmental protection, small pollution, long service life, low cost and the like. However, the solar water heater has a great improvement space for the whole-day heat collection efficiency, the national standard experience value is 40-55%, and the experimental data is 40%. For the current solar water heater, the illumination is strong in summer, the radiation is strong, the temperature of the vacuum heat pipe is high, and the phenomenon of pipe explosion is easily caused by improper operation of a user, so that property loss is caused, and the personal safety of the user is threatened; the receiving amount of solar radiation in northern parts of areas in winter is low, and the normal hot water supply cannot be met. These two problems have been important factors for restricting the development of solar water heaters. Meanwhile, the conventional vacuum heat pipe is vertically arranged, so that heat loss is too large in the noon, and the efficiency of the solar water heater is reduced due to the problem. The water heater inclination that proposes in national standard solar water heating system design, installation and engineering acceptance technical specification GB50364-2005 is local latitude 10, the utility model discloses a change the installation inclination of water heater, install aluminum plate aluminium membrane solar reflection board additional in front of the water heater, combine with flexible photovoltaic board and provide a high efficiency and utilize the water heater of solar energy.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model provides a solar water heater for improving the solar energy utilization rate to solve the technical problems in the prior art.
The utility model discloses a solve the technical scheme that technical problem that exists among the well-known technique took and be: a solar water heater for improving the utilization rate of solar energy comprises a water tank, a solar heat collecting device and a rotatable solar light reflecting plate, wherein the water tank and the solar heat collecting device are connected with each other; the rotating shaft of the solar reflecting plate is positioned at the bottom of the solar heat collecting device, a flexible photovoltaic plate is attached to the surface of the water tank, and the flexible photovoltaic plate is connected with a storage battery; the sunlight reflecting plate reflects sunlight to the solar heat collecting device or the flexible photovoltaic plate.
Further, the solar light reflecting plate is an aluminum foil film solar light reflecting plate.
Further, the solar light reflecting plate comprises four sub-plates which are independent from each other; the left side and the right side of each sub-plate are respectively connected to a connecting rod, and the connecting rods are connected to the rotating shaft.
The sunlight reflecting plate is characterized by further comprising a controller and a motor, wherein a rotating shaft of the sunlight reflecting plate is connected with an output shaft of the motor; the controller outputs signals to control the motor to work.
Further, the solar tracking controller further comprises a solar tracking sensor which detects the incident angle of the solar light and outputs a detection signal to the controller.
Furthermore, a temperature sensor is arranged in the water tank; the temperature sensor detects the temperature of water in the water tank and outputs a detection signal to the controller.
Further, the solar heat collection device comprises a flat plate collector.
Further, the solar heat collecting device comprises a solar vacuum heat collecting tube.
Further, the solar vacuum heat collecting tube is parallel to the horizontal plane.
The utility model has the advantages and positive effects that: a solar light reflecting plate and a flexible photovoltaic plate are attached to the surface of the water tank; detecting the temperature of the water tank by adopting a temperature sensor, and detecting a sunlight incident angle by adopting a sunlight tracking sensor; the controller outputs signals to drive the motor to work, the motor is connected with the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft drives the sunlight reflecting plate to rotate, so that the angle of the sunlight reflecting plate relative to the horizontal plane is adjusted. The sunlight is reflected to the flexible photovoltaic plate or the solar heat collecting device, when the temperature of the water tank meets the use requirement, the sunlight reflecting plate can be adjusted to reflect the light to the flexible photovoltaic plate, the power can be generated by the flexible photovoltaic plate and input into the storage battery, and the storage battery stores the electric energy. Therefore, redundant solar energy can be converted into electric energy for storage, the electric energy can be used as a driving power supply of the motor, and the electric energy can be used for other household equipment, so that the sunlight utilization rate is improved. The solar vacuum heat collecting pipe can be placed in parallel to the horizontal plane, so that the solar vacuum heat collecting pipe is transversely placed instead of being vertically placed, and the heat loss of the vacuum heat pipe at noon is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the working principle of the solar reflector of the present invention reflecting sunlight to the solar heat collecting device;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of the working principle of the sunlight reflecting plate of the present invention reflecting sunlight to the flexible photovoltaic plate.
In the figure: 1. a water tank; 2. a temperature sensor; 3. a controller; 4. a solar heat collection device; 5. a motor; 6. a speed reducer; 7. a solar light reflecting plate; 8. a rotating shaft; 9. a daughter board; 10. the storage battery 11 and the heat conducting block; 12. a flexible photovoltaic panel; 13. a sunlight tracking sensor; 14. and (4) a bracket.
Detailed Description
For further understanding of the contents, features and effects of the present invention, the following embodiments are listed and will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings:
referring to fig. 1 to 3, a solar water heater for improving solar energy utilization includes a water tank 1, a solar heat collecting device 4, a bracket 14 for supporting the water tank and the like, and a rotatable solar reflector 7; the rotating shaft 8 of the sunlight reflecting plate 7 is positioned at the bottom of the solar heat collecting device 4, a flexible photovoltaic plate 12 is attached to the surface of the water tank 1, and the flexible photovoltaic plate 12 is connected with a storage battery 10. The reflecting surface of the sunlight reflecting plate 7 is opposite to the irradiation surface of the solar heat collection device 4, and the sunlight reflecting plate 7 reflects sunlight to the solar heat collection device 4 or the flexible photovoltaic plate 12. The rack 14 supports the water tank and the solar collector 4.
Further, the solar light reflection plate 7 may be an aluminum foil film solar light reflection plate 7. The aluminum foil film sunlight reflecting plate is used as the sunlight reflecting plate 7 and is arranged at the front end of the water heater, the aluminum foil film is low in price and light in weight, the reflectivity can reach more than 95%, dust is not easy to accumulate, and the aluminum foil film sunlight reflecting plate is a good reflecting material.
The sunlight reflecting plate 7 can comprise four sub-plates 9 which are connected in sequence, and the sunlight reflecting plate 7 can comprise four sub-plates 9 which are independent mutually; the left and right sides of each sub-board 9 may be connected to a link, respectively, which is connected to the rotary shaft 8. The sunlight reflecting plate 7 is divided into four sub-plates 9 which are mutually independent and mutually connected, and the length and the width of each sub-plate 9 are smaller, so that the sunlight reflecting plate is light in weight and convenient to assemble and install.
Furthermore, the utility model can also comprise a controller 3 and a motor 5, wherein the rotating shaft 8 of the sunlight reflecting plate 7 is connected with the output shaft of the motor 5; the controller 3 outputs signals to control the operation of the motor 5. The controller 3 can adopt a 51 series single chip microcomputer, an STM32 series microprocessor and various small-sized PLC controllers sold in the market. The PLC controller 3 can select s7-200 series of Siemens PLC and the like.
Further, the utility model discloses still can include sunlight tracking sensor 13, sunlight tracking sensor 13 detects the sunlight incident angle and will detect signal output extremely controller 3. A sunlight tracking sensor 13 can be arranged, and the sunlight tracking sensor 13 can be independently installed or can be installed on the solar heat collection device 4; the sunlight tracking sensor 13 can detect the shadow of the light chopper under the irradiation of the sun by adopting a photoelectric sensor, so that the relative position of the sun and the solar energy utilization device is accurately positioned, the whole-course sun tracking of the solar energy utilization device is realized, and the sunlight incident angle can be monitored in real time.
Further, a temperature sensor 2 can be arranged in the water tank 1; the temperature sensor 2 detects the temperature of water in the water tank 1 and outputs a detection signal to the controller 3. The temperature sensor 2 may be provided inside to detect the temperature of the water in the water tank 1 in real time.
Detection signals of the temperature sensor 2 and the sunlight tracking sensor 13 may be output to the controller 3; and synchronously monitoring the water temperature and the solar incident angle in the water tank 1. The temperature sensor 2 and the sunlight tracking sensor 13 are connected with the controller 3, the controller 3 is electrically connected with the motor 5, an output shaft of the motor 5 is connected with the rotating shaft 8, and the rotating shaft 8 drives the sunlight reflecting plate 7 to rotate to control the angle of the sunlight reflecting plate 7 relative to the horizontal plane.
The controller 3 processes signals fed back by the temperature sensor 2 and the sunlight tracking sensor 13, and further controls the motor 5 through a motor 5 driving module. The temperature sensor 2 can be a Pt10 type platinum resistance temperature sensor, and the sunlight tracking sensor 13 can be a four-quadrant photocell tracking sensor. The temperature sensor 2 has high sensitivity and small time delay, the measurement range is 0-200 ℃, and the measurement requirement is met. The temperature sensor 2 converts the temperature into an Analog signal, then obtains a Digital signal through an Analog-to-Digital Converter (Analog-to-Digital Converter), transmits the Digital signal to the controller 3, and controls the motor 5 to rotate through a motor 5 driving module. When the measured water temperature reaches the preset temperature, the motor 5 drives the module to output a signal to control the motor 5 to work, and the motor 5 rotates the sunlight reflecting plate 7 to reflect sunlight to the flexible photovoltaic plate 12.
The controller, the temperature sensor, the sunlight tracking sensor, the motor driving module and other electrical elements can adopt commercially available products, and the controller, the temperature sensor, the sunlight tracking sensor, the motor driving module and other electrical elements and corresponding conventional control circuits in the prior art are used, so that the automatic start-stop and forward-reverse rotation of the motor are realized. The specific circuit connection and control method can be realized by adopting the circuit connection and the conventional control method of the conventional technical means according to the product specification.
The solar heat collecting device 4 may comprise a solar evacuated collector tube, or alternatively, the solar heat collecting device 4 may comprise a flat plate collector. The two heat collecting devices can adopt the sunlight reflecting plate 7 to improve the sunlight utilization rate. The solar vacuum heat collecting tube can be parallel to the horizontal plane. The solar vacuum heat collecting pipe can be placed in parallel to the horizontal plane, so that the solar vacuum heat collecting pipe is transversely placed instead of being vertically placed, and the heat loss of the vacuum heat pipe at noon is reduced.
The utility model discloses a theory of operation:
through the combination of the temperature sensor 2, the sunlight tracking sensor 13 and the controller 3, the real-time monitoring of the water temperature and the sunlight incidence angle can be realized, and the feedback signals of the temperature sensor 2 and the sunlight tracking sensor 13 are as follows: water temperature and solar angle of incidence; the controller 3 outputs signals to drive the motor 5 to rotate, the angle of the sunlight reflecting plate 7 is changed, the solar vacuum heat collecting tube is adjusted to absorb the solar radiation, and the problem that the water temperature of the water heater is insufficient in summer due to tube explosion in summer and in winter is solved.
The surface of the water tank 1 is attached with a flexible photovoltaic panel 12, and the flexible photovoltaic panel 12 is connected with a storage battery 10. The flexible photovoltaic panel 12 is connected with the storage battery 10, and partial sunlight is reflected to the flexible photovoltaic panel 12, so that the solar energy can be converted into electric energy for storage. The flexible photovoltaic panel 12 is attached to the surface of the water tank 1 and attached to the water tank 1, occupied area is saved, and meanwhile, the flexible material can be selected to freely define a combined arrangement mode. The storage battery 10 is connected with the photovoltaic panel for storing electricity, and the storage battery 10 can be used for providing electricity for the motor 5. And the power supply can also be used for supplying power to household low-power electric appliances.
The solar heat collecting device 4 adopts a solar vacuum heat collecting tube, the solar vacuum heat collecting tube is placed in parallel to the ground, and a heat conducting block 11 at the front end of the solar vacuum heat collecting tube is connected into the water tank 1. The solar vacuum heat collecting pipe is transversely arranged, so that the heat loss of the solar water heater at noon is effectively reduced, and the heat efficiency is improved.
At the beginning of the day, a part of sunlight directly irradiates the solar heat collecting device 4, and the other part of sunlight irradiates the solar light reflecting plate 7 and indirectly irradiates the solar heat collecting device 4 through reflection. The water temperature can be set to be 40-70 degrees, the solar heat collecting device 4 absorbs the radiation energy of the sun to heat the water in the water tank 1, when the water in the water tank 1 is higher than the set upper temperature limit by 70 deg., the temperature sensor 2 sends out a detection signal, meanwhile, the sunlight tracking sensor 13 can monitor the angle of the received sunlight angle, the temperature sensor 2 and the sunlight tracking sensor 13 send corresponding detection signals to the controller 3, the controller 3 controls the motor 5, the motor 5 drives the speed reducer 6, the speed reducer 6 drives the rotating shaft 8, the rotating shaft 8 drives the sunlight reflecting plate 7, the change of the angle of the sunlight reflecting plate 7 is realized, the sunlight irradiating the sunlight reflecting plate 7 is reflected to the flexible photovoltaic plate 12, the flexible photovoltaic plate 12 utilizes the direct sunlight and the reflected sunlight to generate electricity, and the electric energy is stored in the storage battery 10. When the water temperature in the water tank 1 is lower than the set lower temperature limit of 40 degrees, the temperature sensor 2 sends out a detection signal, meanwhile, the sunlight tracking sensor 13 can monitor the angle of the received solar incident angle, the temperature sensor 2 and the sunlight tracking sensor 13 send the corresponding detection signal to the controller 3, the controller 3 controls the motor 5, and the angle of the sunlight reflecting plate 7 is changed again. The sunlight will thereafter be reflected again onto the solar collector 4 to meet the hot water supply.
The solar incident angle can be stored in the memory according to the corresponding relation between time and incident angle according to the local astronomical data, and can be used as the adjustable data of the controller 3 to replace the detected value data output by the sunlight tracking sensor 13, the motor 5 can adopt a stepping motor or a servo motor, and the initial angle and the angle adjusting amplitude of the sunlight reflecting plate 7 can be selected according to the geographical conditions such as the local actual latitude and the like.
The above-mentioned embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical ideas and features of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and to implement the present invention accordingly, the scope of the present invention should not be limited by the embodiment, that is, all equivalent changes or modifications made by the spirit of the present invention should still fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A solar water heater for improving the utilization rate of solar energy comprises a water tank and a solar heat collecting device which are connected with each other, and is characterized by also comprising a rotatable solar light reflecting plate; the rotating shaft of the solar reflecting plate is positioned at the bottom of the solar heat collecting device, a flexible photovoltaic plate is attached to the surface of the water tank, and the flexible photovoltaic plate is connected with a storage battery; the sunlight reflecting plate reflects sunlight to the solar heat collecting device or the flexible photovoltaic plate.
2. The solar water heater for improving solar energy utilization rate according to claim 1, wherein the solar light reflection plate is an aluminum foil film solar light reflection plate.
3. A solar water heater for improving solar energy utilization according to claim 1, wherein said solar reflector comprises four independent sub-panels; the left side and the right side of each sub-plate are respectively connected to a connecting rod, and the connecting rods are connected to the rotating shaft.
4. A solar water heater for improving solar energy utilization rate according to claim 1, further comprising a controller and a motor, wherein the rotation shaft of the solar light reflection plate is connected with the output shaft of the motor; the controller outputs signals to control the motor to work.
5. The solar water heater for improving solar energy utilization according to claim 4, further comprising a sunlight tracking sensor for detecting an incident angle of sunlight and outputting a detection signal to the controller.
6. The solar water heater for improving the solar energy utilization rate according to claim 4, wherein a temperature sensor is arranged in the water tank; the temperature sensor detects the temperature of water in the water tank and outputs a detection signal to the controller.
7. A solar water heater for improving solar energy utilization according to claim 1, wherein said solar heat collecting means comprises a flat plate collector.
8. A solar water heater for improving solar energy utilization according to claim 1, wherein said solar heat collecting device comprises a solar vacuum heat collecting tube.
9. A solar water heater for improving solar energy utilization rate according to claim 8, wherein the solar vacuum heat collecting tube is parallel to the horizontal plane.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201920665885.5U CN210165591U (en) | 2019-05-10 | 2019-05-10 | Solar water heater capable of improving solar energy utilization rate |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201920665885.5U CN210165591U (en) | 2019-05-10 | 2019-05-10 | Solar water heater capable of improving solar energy utilization rate |
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| CN210165591U true CN210165591U (en) | 2020-03-20 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110131906A (en) * | 2019-05-10 | 2019-08-16 | 天津大学 | A kind of solar water heater improving solar energy utilization ratio |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110131906A (en) * | 2019-05-10 | 2019-08-16 | 天津大学 | A kind of solar water heater improving solar energy utilization ratio |
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